Leadership

What is Leadership?

It is the ability to influence a group toward the

achievement of a set of goals or vision.

Leadership ManagementIt is about coping complexity

It is about coping with change

Brings order and consistency by drawing up formal plans, designing rigid organization structure and monitoring results against plans

Establish direction by developing a vision for the future.

Inspiring people to overcome hurdles

Non Sanctioned Leadership

The ability to influence that arises outside the formal structure of the

organization

Formal LeadershipLeaders that emerged

from a formal appointment by the

group

Trait Theories of Leadership

Theories that consider personal qualities and

characteristics that differentiate leaders from non

leaders

Extraversion: characteristics such as excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness and high amounts of emotional expressiveness.

Agreeableness: This personality dimension includes attributes

such as trust, altruism, kindness, affection, and other

prosocial behaviors.

Conscientiousness: Common features of this dimension include high levels of thoughtfulness, with

good impulse control and goal-directed behaviors. Those high in

conscientiousness tend to be organized and mindful of details.

Neuroticism: Individuals high in this trait tend to experience

emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, irritability, and

sadness.

Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests.

Big Five Personality Framework

Steve Jobs of Apple

Margaret Thatcher of South African Nelson Mandela

Richard Branson, CEO of Virgin group

Ken Chenault, American Express

Chairman

Charismatic, Courageous

and Enthusiastic

Adolf Hitler

Dominant

Behavioural Theories

.

Theories proposing that specific behaviours differentiate leaders from non

leaders

It is about behaviours exhibited by specific leaders. The research was started during late 1940’s through

1960’s.

There are to studies relating to Behavioural Theories, the Ohio

state studies and the University of Michigan Studies.

Ohio State Studies

There are two substantially accounted behaviour which are:

Initiating Structure: the extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and those of subordinates in search for goal attainment

Consideration: the extent which a leader is likely to have a job realationships by mutual trust, respect for subordinates’ ideas and regard for their feelings.

Examples:If the leader assigns group

members to a particular task or she emphasizes meetings and

deadlines.

Examples:The leader helps her employee with her

personal problem or she is approachable and

friendly

University of Michigan Studies

They have distinguished two dimensions of leadership behaviour which are:

Employee Oriented Leader: A leader who emphasizes interpersonal relations, takes

personal interest in the needs of employees and accepts individual differences among members. This type of leaders are often

associated with higher group productivity and greater job satisfaction

Production Oriented Leader: A leader who emphasizes technical or task aspects of the job. This type of leaders are often

associated with low group productivity and lower job satisfaction.

Tom Saibel of Siebel Systems

Larry Ellison, CEO of Oracle

Tough talking, Intense and Autocratic

End..