LCVs Thermal Management and Energy Harvesting “Integrated Thermal Management for Car Batteries and Thermal Comfort in Electric Vehicles” Circular High denseTE Circular TE Flexible TE By a combination of novel heating and cooling methods, our battery thermal management subsystem is targeted to be integrated with air conditioning system in order to optimise the energy consumption model at powertrain level.(Left) As a result, the BTMS is supplied by regulating and distributing energy flow from our heat pump air conditioning system. Heat pump system will not only supply sufficient thermal comfort to the passenger in the cabin but also maintain the battery performing at its designed ambient condition all year round. Our newly developed heat pipe based BTMS focuses on the bi- directional characteristics offered by the copper/water sintered L- shape heat pipe aiming at both internal cooling and heating. By integrating such super thermal conductor, we are aiming to achieve highest thermal response and overall thermal performance to meet the extreme requirements from reliability, safety and durability issue. Advanced Component Design Process System Integration System Fabrication 1. Component Selection 2. Component Fabrication 3. System Assembly and Integration 4. Final Test and Characterisation 5. Delivery the Battery System Prototype System Specification (Energy, Power, Size) Safety Requirements Cells Selection Cells Modelling (Electrical, Mechanical, Thermal) Thermal Design Thermal simulations Thermal layout of Battery System Thermal Management (Liquid, air) Cooling & Heating Heat Pipes Microchannels Refrigeration Solid State Heat Conduction Electrical Design Battery Monitoring Hardware /Software Design Battery Management Hardware /Software Design Cell Voltage Equalization Design Power Electronics: DC-DC converters/IGBTS/MOFSET Electric Motors Mechanical Design Battery Cell Assembly Design Battery Module Assembly Design Battery Assembly Design Battery Mechanical Design Air/Liquid flow channel pattern Heat sinks package and assembly Exhaust emissions have become the major contributors for global air pollution, greenhouse effect and eventually, global warming. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have been identified as a reliable solid state technology for power generation from exhaust gas. TEGs have many advantages in comparison to other thermal energy recovery methods, i.e. no moving parts, produce no noise and vibration, low maintenance, more environmentally friendly and direct conversion of low quality thermal energy into high quality electrical energy. Our TEG studies focus on heat transfer performance of TE material, advanced heat sinks for cooling and advanced heat pipes for heating which will maximise the performance of electricity generation within thermoelectric P-N couples. Exhaust System Coolant system TE System TE Module Research & Development Roadmap of Energy Harvesting System for Fossil Fuel Vehicles and Hybrid Vehicles “Technical innovation of Energy Harvesting for Fossil Fuel Vehicles and Hybrid Vehicles” Rectangular TE 1 st Prototype (Validated) 2nd Prototype (Validated) 3rd Prototype (Developed in-house) 4th Prototype (Research undergoing) Thermal management of lithium-ion battery systems is critical to the success of all-electric vehicles because extreme temperatures can affect performance, reliability, safety and durability. Based on our learning experience, we have proposed a systematic approach to designing and evaluating a BTMS under an ‘integration’ mind at thermal comfort level . (Right). Our goal of thermal management system is to deliver a battery pack at an optimum average temperature with even temperature distribution between the modules and within the pack as identified by the battery and car manufacturer. Moreover, the pack thermal management system meet the requirements of the vehicle: compact, lightweight, low cost, easily packaged, and compatible with location in the vehicle. In addition, it is reliable, and easily accessible for maintenance by using low parasitic power, allow the pack to operate under a wide range of climate conditions and provide ventilation if the battery generates potentially hazardous gases. * Contact: Professor Yuying Yan, Chair in Thermofluids Engineering Head of Fluids & Thermal Engineering Research Group * Email: [email protected], Tel: 0115 951 3168 Fluids & Thermal Engineering Research Group Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham, UK The design of energy harvesting system aims to design a functional exhaust pipe to be able to produce the maximum possible power on a limited length of the exhaust pipe. The research group at University of Nottingham has proposed an over 1 kW thermoelectric generator within half meter length by means of enhancing the heat transfer performance in radial direction of exhaust flow. This novel design will match the demanding requirements of low carbon cars. Heat pipe technology assisted battery thermal management system with integration of heat pump thermal comfort system. Radiator C-evaporator H-Condenser Compressor Radiator Radiator C-evaporator H-Condenser Battery HX Radiator Summer Battery Winter