Law Enforcement 2025? Kismet or Karma? Prepared by Commander Sid Heal, (Retired) Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department.

Law Enforcement

2025?

Law Enforcement

2025?

Kismet or Karma?Kismet or Karma?Kismet or Karma?Kismet or Karma?Prepared by Prepared by

Commander Sid Heal, (Retired) Commander Sid Heal, (Retired) Los Angeles Sheriff’s DepartmentLos Angeles Sheriff’s Department

Q & A

Group

You

!

A Glimpse of the Future

Can TechnologyMake a Difference?

In a time of drastic change,In a time of drastic change,it is the learners who inherit the it is the learners who inherit the

future.future.The learned usually find themselves The learned usually find themselves

(well) equipped to live in a world(well) equipped to live in a worldthat no longer exists. that no longer exists.

Eric Eric HofferHoffer

In a time of drastic change,In a time of drastic change,it is the learners who inherit the it is the learners who inherit the

future.future.The learned usually find themselves The learned usually find themselves

(well) equipped to live in a world(well) equipped to live in a worldthat no longer exists. that no longer exists.

Eric Eric HofferHoffer

What have we been missing?What have we been missing?

• Law enforcement is not a monopolyLaw enforcement is not a monopoly Increase in Private SecurityIncrease in Private Security

• Private PatrolPrivate Patrol

• Private detention centersPrivate detention centers

• Nearly all crime is historically contextualNearly all crime is historically contextual Carjackings, identity theft, cell phone cloning, Carjackings, identity theft, cell phone cloning,

Internet fraudInternet fraud

Is smoking gradually becoming illegal?Is smoking gradually becoming illegal?

Is marijuana gradually becoming legal?Is marijuana gradually becoming legal?

• Law enforcement is not a monopolyLaw enforcement is not a monopoly Increase in Private SecurityIncrease in Private Security

• Private PatrolPrivate Patrol

• Private detention centersPrivate detention centers

• Nearly all crime is historically contextualNearly all crime is historically contextual Carjackings, identity theft, cell phone cloning, Carjackings, identity theft, cell phone cloning,

Internet fraudInternet fraud

Is smoking gradually becoming illegal?Is smoking gradually becoming illegal?

Is marijuana gradually becoming legal?Is marijuana gradually becoming legal?

RobberiesRobberies

1973 2005

Property CrimeProperty Crime

Total Property

Burglary

Theft

GTA

1973 2005

Societal Trends affectingLaw Enforcement

Societal Trends affectingLaw Enforcement

• Cashless SocietyCashless Society

• Ubiquitous ConnectivityUbiquitous Connectivity

• Blurring of War and CrimeBlurring of War and Crime

• Transmutation of CultureTransmutation of Culture

• Cashless SocietyCashless Society

• Ubiquitous ConnectivityUbiquitous Connectivity

• Blurring of War and CrimeBlurring of War and Crime

• Transmutation of CultureTransmutation of Culture

Cashless SocietyCashless Society

• Checks, ATM cards, credit Checks, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, internet cards, debit cards, internet shopping, electronic transfers shopping, electronic transfers

• Counterfeiting?Counterfeiting?• Street robberies?Street robberies?• Narco?Narco?• Terrorism?Terrorism?

• Checks, ATM cards, credit Checks, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, internet cards, debit cards, internet shopping, electronic transfers shopping, electronic transfers

• Counterfeiting?Counterfeiting?• Street robberies?Street robberies?• Narco?Narco?• Terrorism?Terrorism?

Ubiquitous ConnectivityUbiquitous Connectivity• Cell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, Cell phones, PDAs, digital pagers,

laptop computers, palm computers, laptop computers, palm computers, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, wireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitumwireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitum

• Public service typically takes 48 Public service typically takes 48 months to embrace a new technology, months to embrace a new technology, as opposed to 18 months for personalas opposed to 18 months for personal

• Increase in absentee ballotsIncrease in absentee ballots• Semi-Autonomous, self-dispatched,Semi-Autonomous, self-dispatched,

self-organized responsesself-organized responses• Flattened hierarchyFlattened hierarchy

Incorporation of subject matter expertsIncorporation of subject matter experts

• Cell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, Cell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, laptop computers, palm computers, laptop computers, palm computers, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, wireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitumwireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitum

• Public service typically takes 48 Public service typically takes 48 months to embrace a new technology, months to embrace a new technology, as opposed to 18 months for personalas opposed to 18 months for personal

• Increase in absentee ballotsIncrease in absentee ballots• Semi-Autonomous, self-dispatched,Semi-Autonomous, self-dispatched,

self-organized responsesself-organized responses• Flattened hierarchyFlattened hierarchy

Incorporation of subject matter expertsIncorporation of subject matter experts

Blurring of War and CrimeBlurring of War and Crime

• Soldiers and Marines Soldiers and Marines carrying pepper carrying pepper spray, TASERs, spray, TASERs, shields and batonsshields and batons

• Soldiers and Marines Soldiers and Marines carrying pepper carrying pepper spray, TASERs, spray, TASERs, shields and batonsshields and batons

• English “Bobbies” English “Bobbies” carrying carrying submachine gunssubmachine guns

Transmutation of CultureTransmutation of Culture• Religions, customs, behaviors, Religions, customs, behaviors,

politics, traits, etc. from regions politics, traits, etc. from regions and countries to cyberspaceand countries to cyberspace In cyberspace, everyone is contiguous!In cyberspace, everyone is contiguous!

• Hobby TribesHobby Tribes• Unorthodox ideological inspirationUnorthodox ideological inspiration

• Religions, customs, behaviors, Religions, customs, behaviors, politics, traits, etc. from regions politics, traits, etc. from regions and countries to cyberspaceand countries to cyberspace In cyberspace, everyone is contiguous!In cyberspace, everyone is contiguous!

• Hobby TribesHobby Tribes• Unorthodox ideological inspirationUnorthodox ideological inspiration

From fanatical fans to irrational From fanatical fans to irrational ideologues ideologues

• Migration of crimeMigration of crime Fraud, identity theft, child Fraud, identity theft, child

pornography, trade secret theftpornography, trade secret theft

• Jurisdictional issuesJurisdictional issues

Five Technology Imperatives

Five Technology Imperatives• Technology development Technology development alwaysalways follows the path of follows the path of

least resistanceleast resistance Entrance is often in the form of toys (Four zones of privacy)Entrance is often in the form of toys (Four zones of privacy)

• AnyAny technology always precipitates three concerns. technology always precipitates three concerns. It creates new optionsIt creates new options——thus we are no longer confined by the thus we are no longer confined by the

conventionalconventional it challenges assumptions—thus we confront the habitualit challenges assumptions—thus we confront the habitual it blurs ethical guidelines—just because we can do something it blurs ethical guidelines—just because we can do something

doesn’t necessarily mean we shoulddoesn’t necessarily mean we should

• In law enforcement capability In law enforcement capability alwaysalways exceeds exceeds acceptabilityacceptability For every gateway to the future stand a thousand guardians of For every gateway to the future stand a thousand guardians of

the pastthe past

• Technology is Technology is alwaysalways in a supporting role in a supporting role• Technology testing is Technology testing is alwaysalways “in addition to” “in addition to”

and not “instead of.”and not “instead of.”

• Technology development Technology development alwaysalways follows the path of follows the path of least resistanceleast resistance Entrance is often in the form of toys (Four zones of privacy)Entrance is often in the form of toys (Four zones of privacy)

• AnyAny technology always precipitates three concerns. technology always precipitates three concerns. It creates new optionsIt creates new options——thus we are no longer confined by the thus we are no longer confined by the

conventionalconventional it challenges assumptions—thus we confront the habitualit challenges assumptions—thus we confront the habitual it blurs ethical guidelines—just because we can do something it blurs ethical guidelines—just because we can do something

doesn’t necessarily mean we shoulddoesn’t necessarily mean we should

• In law enforcement capability In law enforcement capability alwaysalways exceeds exceeds acceptabilityacceptability For every gateway to the future stand a thousand guardians of For every gateway to the future stand a thousand guardians of

the pastthe past

• Technology is Technology is alwaysalways in a supporting role in a supporting role• Technology testing is Technology testing is alwaysalways “in addition to” “in addition to”

and not “instead of.”and not “instead of.”

Stages of Weapons Development

Stages of Weapons Development

• Innovation Innovation — — introduced and properly introduced and properly exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive advantageadvantage

• Standardization Standardization — — conventional tools and conventional tools and methods of “doing business” with established and methods of “doing business” with established and accepted protocols accepted protocols

• Ritualization Ritualization — — accepted without challenge accepted without challenge and habitually employed and habitually employed

• Satirization Satirization — — unrecognized obsolescence unrecognized obsolescence with unrelenting allegiancewith unrelenting allegiance

• Innovation Innovation — — introduced and properly introduced and properly exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive advantageadvantage

• Standardization Standardization — — conventional tools and conventional tools and methods of “doing business” with established and methods of “doing business” with established and accepted protocols accepted protocols

• Ritualization Ritualization — — accepted without challenge accepted without challenge and habitually employed and habitually employed

• Satirization Satirization — — unrecognized obsolescence unrecognized obsolescence with unrelenting allegiancewith unrelenting allegiance

Technology “Bump”Technology “Bump”

Time

Eff

ort

Technology“Bump” Status QuoStatus Quo

The “Low Hanging Fruit”The “Low Hanging Fruit”

• See-Through-The-Wall See-Through-The-Wall RadarRadar

• Directed Energy Vehicle Directed Energy Vehicle StopperStopper

• Launched Listening Launched Listening DeviceDevice

• Active Denial SystemActive Denial System• Global Positioning Global Positioning

SystemsSystems• C4I—Command, Control, C4I—Command, Control,

Communications, Communications, Computers & Computers & IntelligenceIntelligence

• See-Through-The-Wall See-Through-The-Wall RadarRadar

• Directed Energy Vehicle Directed Energy Vehicle StopperStopper

• Launched Listening Launched Listening DeviceDevice

• Active Denial SystemActive Denial System• Global Positioning Global Positioning

SystemsSystems• C4I—Command, Control, C4I—Command, Control,

Communications, Communications, Computers & Computers & IntelligenceIntelligence

• Magnetic Acoustic DeviceMagnetic Acoustic Device• Gunfire Location SystemsGunfire Location Systems• Automatic License Plate Automatic License Plate

ReadersReaders• ““Trap line” Camera Trap line” Camera

SystemSystem• Unmanned Aerial Unmanned Aerial

VehiclesVehicles• Community Community

Communications NetworkCommunications Network• Cyber-Command PostCyber-Command Post

• Magnetic Acoustic DeviceMagnetic Acoustic Device• Gunfire Location SystemsGunfire Location Systems• Automatic License Plate Automatic License Plate

ReadersReaders• ““Trap line” Camera Trap line” Camera

SystemSystem• Unmanned Aerial Unmanned Aerial

VehiclesVehicles• Community Community

Communications NetworkCommunications Network• Cyber-Command PostCyber-Command Post

So what are theImplications?

So what are theImplications?

Thanks toThanks to

Commander Sid Heal (Ret.)Commander Sid Heal (Ret.)Los Angeles Sheriff’s Dept.Los Angeles Sheriff’s Dept.