GOAL: understanding the structure of the Earth. L.O. Students will understand the difference and the use of latitude and longitude on a map. Standard:S3-Concept of Earth and Space
May 20, 2015
GOAL: understanding the structure of the Earth.
L.O. Students will understand the difference and the use of latitude and longitude on a map.
Standard:S3-Concept of Earth and Space
Do Now:
hExplain the difference between 4-kinds of mountains.
GOAL: understanding the structure of the Earth.
Words to know: Book page 40-onwardhLatitude
hLongitude
hEquator
hPrime Meridian
GOAL: understanding the structure of the Earth.
Typical GraphhA point can also
have negative (-) values
hNegative X values are to the left of the origin (0,0)
hNegative Y values are below the origin
X
Y
(-X,+Y)
(+X,-Y)
(+X,+Y)
(-X,-Y)
(0,0)
East West, North South on The Earth
hLet the X axis be the Equator.
hLet the Y axis be the Prime Meridian that runs through Greenwich outside of London.
hLat/Long are the 2 grid points by which you can locate any point on earth.
Y
X
East West, North South on the Earth
hLet each of the four quarters then be designated by North or South and East or West.
N
S
EW
East West, North South on the Earth
hThe N tells us we’re north of the Equator. The S tells us we’re south of the Equator.
hThe E tells us that we’re east of the Prime Meridian. The W tells us that we’re west of the Prime Meridian.
(N, W) (N, E)
(S, W) (S, E)
East West, North South on the Earth
hThat means all points in North America will have a North latitude and a West longitude because it is North of the Equator and West of the Prime Meridian.
(N, W)
Prime Meridian
East West, North South on the Earth
hWhat would be the latitude and longitude directions in Australia?
Prime Meridian ?
If you said South and East , you’re right!
What is Latitude?hLatitude is the
distance from the equator along the Y axis.
hAll points along the equator have a value of 0 degrees latitude.
hNorth pole = 90°N
hSouth pole = 90°S
hValues are expressed in terms of degrees.
Y
X
90°S
90°N
What is Latitude?
hEach degree of latitude is divided into 60 minutes.
hEach minute is divided into 60 seconds.
Y
X
90°S
90°N
This is also true of longitude.
What is Latitude?
hFor Example:
h37°, 02’,51’’N
hThis is close to the latitude where you live.
Y
X
90°S
90°N
What is Longitude?hLongitude is the
distance from the prime meridian along the X axis.
hAll points along the prime meridian have a value of 0 degrees longitude.
hThe earth is divided into two parts, or hemispheres, of east and west longitude.
Y
X
180°W 180°E
What is Longitude?
hThe earth is divided into 360 equal slices (meridians)
h180 west and 180 east of the prime meridian
Y
X
180°W 180°E
What is Latitude?
hOur latitude and longitude might be:
h37°, 03’,13’’N
h76°, 29’, 45’’W
Y
X
90°S
90°N
So Where is (0,0)?hThe origin
point (0,0) is where the equator intersects the prime meridian.
h(0,0) is off the western coast of Africa in the Atlantic Ocean.
See If You Can Tell In Which Quarter These Lon/Lats Are
Located
h1. 41°N, 21°E
h2. 37°N, 76°W
h3. 72°S, 141°W
h4. 7°S, 23°W
h5. 15°N, 29°E
h6. 34°S, 151°E
A B
C D
h1. B
h2. A
h3. C
h4. C
h5. B
h6. D
Latitude and longitude
Real life connection:
hWhat is the importance of latitude and longitude in our daily life ? Explain your answer with examples
Equator Latitude 0o
Latitude: (90oN to 90oS)
Latitude 23½o NorthTropic of Cancer
Latitude 23½o SouthTropic of Capricorn
Longitude 30o East
Longitude 60o East
Longitude 30o West
Longitude 60o West
Positioning on the Earth’s SurfaceEast is the direction of rotation of the Earth North Pole
South Pole
23½o 23½o
66½o 90o
900
21st June
22nd December
22nd Sept
20th March
30oE60oE90oE90oW30oW60oW
Longitude 90oEastLongitude 90o West
Prime Meridian
0o Longitude
Longitude: (180oE to 180oW)
Latitude and Longitude together enable the fixing of position on the Earth’s surface.
Now you’re ready to find some locations on
a map!
90º N 45º N 0º Latitude 45º S 90º S 180º W135º W 90º W 45º W 0º Longitude 45º E90º E 135º E 180º E