Latest technologies in computer system AI(Artificial Intelligence) Knowledge management and Wiki

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Nouman Hussain (63)

Zohaib Nawaz (93)

Komal Younas (100)

Zunaira Kanwal (84)

Alisha Rukhsar (95)

Topics

Latest technologies in computer system

AI(Artificial Intelligence)

Knowledge management and Wiki

Latest Technologies

in Computer System

What is technology?

“The branch of knowledge that deals with

the creation and use of technical means and

their interrelation with life, society, and the

environment, drawing upon such subjects as

industrial arts, engineering, applied science,

and pure science.”

Types of technology

Assistive Technology

Medical Technology

Information Technology

Communication Technology

Transport Technology

Artificial Intelligence

Contents

What is Artificial Intelligence?

History of AI

Applications of AI

Types of AI

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

A.I. is a branch of computer science that

studies the computational requirements for

tasks such as perception, reasoning and

learning and develop systems to perform

those tasks.

Yes, but what is intelligence?

• Intelligence is the computational part of the ability to achieve goals in the world. Varying kinds and degrees of intelligenceoccur in people, many animals and some machines.

Introduction continue…

• System that thinks like “Human”.

• System that think “Rationally”.

• System that acts like “Humans”.

• System that acts “Rationally”.

Definition of A.I

“ The theory and development of computer systems

able to perform tasks normally requiring human

intelligence, such as visual perception, speech

recognition, decision-making, and translation

between languages.”

An area of computer science that deals

with giving machines the ability to seem

like they have human intelligence.

History of Artificial Intelligence

The history of artificial intelligence (AI) began in

antiquity.

The field of AI research was founded at conference

on the

campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956.

Major AI researcher and textbook as AI is

the human-like intelligence exhibited by machine

or software.

A variety of fields (mathematics, psychology,

engineering, economics and political science)

began to discuss the possibility of creating an

artificial brain.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence

Game Playing

Much of the early research in state space

search was done using common board games

such as checkers, chess, and the 15-puzzle

Games can generate extremely large

search spaces. Theses are large and

complex enough to require powerful

techniques for determining what

alternative to explore.

Applications continue…

Automated reasoning and Theorem

Proving

Theorem-proving is one of the most fruitful

branches of the field

Theorem-proving research was

responsible in formalizing search

algorithms and developing formal

representation languages such as

predicate calculus and the logic

programming language.

Applications continue…

Natural Language Understanding and

Semantics

One of the long-standing goals of AI is the

creation of programming that are capable

of understanding and generating

human language

Applications continue…

Robotics

A robot that blindly performs a sequence of

actions without responding to changes or

being able to detect and correct errors

could hardly considered intelligent

It should have some degree of

sensors and algorithms to guild it.

Robotics and future

Researches are going on these days to implement the complete “Theories of Intelligence” and to make them capable for tasks as Object Manipulation, Navigation, Mapping and Motion-Planning.

Types of Artificial Intelligence

1. Expert Systems

2. Fuzzy logic

3. Neural networks

4. Exhaustive Search

Knowledge

Management

Knowledge

Facts, information, and skills acquired

through experience or education; the

theoretical or practical understanding of a

subject.

Knowledge management

Knowledge management (KM) is the process

of capturing, developing, sharing, and

effectively using organizational knowledge.

Characteristics of Knowledge Management

1. Knowledge Management is about people.

It is directly linked to what people know, and how what they

know can support business and organizational objectives.

2. Knowledge Management is orderly and goal-directed.

It is inextricably tied to the strategic objectives of the

organization.

3. Knowledge Management is ever-changing.

There is no such thing as an immutable law in

Knowledge Management. Knowledge is constantly

tested, updated, revised, and sometimes even

"obsolete“ when it is no longer practicable.

Characteristics continue…

4. Knowledge Management is value-added.

It draws upon pooled expertise, relationships, and alliances.

5. Knowledge Management is visionary.

This vision is expressed in strategic business terms rather

than technical terms, and in a manner that generates

enthusiasm, buy-in, and motivates managers to work together

toward reaching common goals.

6. Knowledge Management is complementary.

It can be integrated with other organizational learning

initiatives such as Total Quality Management (TQM).

What is wiki?

A wiki is a server program that allows users to

collaborate in forming the content of a Web

site. The term comes from “wiki wiki” which

means fast in Hawaiian language.