Late Imperial China

Late Imperial China

1. Mongol Empire2. Ming Dynasty3. Trade and Tribute4. Foundations of the Qing Dynasty5. Europeans in China

Middle Imperial Periodca. 600-1400

Ming dynasty 明1368 - 1644

Post-Dynastic Period1911-present

Qing dynasty 清1644 - 1911

Republic of China 中華民國 1911-1949

People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國1949 - present

Late Imperial Periodca. 1400-1900

Song dynasty 宋960 - 1279

Yuan dynasty 元1279 - 1368

"Northern Zone"

ManchuriaMongoliaXinjiang

(E. Turkestan)

Tibetan PlateauChina Proper

Ordos

Northern SteppeMongolia

Junggar BasinXinjiang Autonomous Region

Kazakhstan steppe

Eurasian Steppe

Pastoral NomadismInner Mongolia

Mongol Empire at its height

TemüjinChinggis (Genghis, Jenghis) Khan ca. 1162-1227

ManchuriaMongoliaXinjiang

(E. Turkestan)

Tibetan PlateauChina Proper

Ordos

Lake Baikal

Mongol Empire

Mongol script

"southerners"nanren 南人

"Han people"hanren 漢人

Khan Emperortanistry primogeniture

Divisions of Mongol Empiremid 13th century

Empireof the

Great Khan

Khubilai Khan1215-94

Yuan Dynasty1279 - 1368

Taizu

ShangduDadu (Beijing)

Karakorum

Capitals of the Yuan Dynasty

Khubilai Khanon horseback

Red Turban Rebellionmid. 14th century

White Louts SocietymillenarianismMaitreya cult

Population of China, 2 -1500 CE

1. Mongol Empire2. Ming Dynasty3. Trade and Tribute4. Foundations of the Qing Dynasty5. Europeans in China

Zhu Yuanzhang1328-1398

Ming Dynasty1368-1644明

Nanjing

Beijing

The Hongwu EmperorMing Taizur. 1368-1398

Ming Empire

Great Wall of China

1. Mongol Empire2. Ming Dynasty3. Trade and Tribute4. Foundations of the Qing Dynasty5. Europeans in China

Yongle EmperorZhu Dir. 1402-1424

Voyages of Zheng He1405-1433

Tribute system•center vs. periphery•cultural superiority•trade as ritualized exchange

1. Mongol Empire2. Ming Dynasty3. Trade and Tribute4. Foundations of the Qing Dynasty5. Europeans in China

Middle Imperial Periodca. 600-1400

Ming dynasty 明1368 - 1644

Post-Dynastic Period1911-present

Qing dynasty 清1644 - 1911

Republic of China 中華民國 1911-1949

People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國1949 - present

Late Imperial Periodca. 1400-1900

Song dynasty 宋960 - 1279

Yuan dynasty 元1279 - 1368

Manchus

JurchenJin dynasty(1125-1234)

Nurhacid. 1626

Manchu Banner system

8 Manchurian8 Mongol8 Chinese

Manchu writing system

JurchenManchuJin dynasty Qing dynasty (1644-1911)

Taiwan Fujian Prov.1683

Lhasa, Tibet1750-51

Xinjiang1768

queue=Manchu hairstyle

Machang Chasing an EnemyGiusppe Castiglione (1688-1766)

Manchu bannerman

Six Ministries1. Civil Affairs2. Finance3. Rituals4. War5. Justice6. Public Works

Provincial Governor

Governor-General

Grand Council

Palace Memorial System

baojia system of mutual responsibility

jia=100 householdsbao=10 jia (=1,000 households)

Kangxi Emperorr. 1662-1722

Yongzheng Emperorr. 1722-1736

Qianlong Emperorr. 1736-1795

Kangxi Emperorr. 1662-1722

Repairing the dikes of the Yellow RiverEmperor Kangxi's Tour of the South (detail)

Kangxi Emperorr. 1662-1722

Yongzheng Emperorr. 1722-1736

Qianlong Emperorr. 1736-1795

evidential scholarshipkaozheng 考證

The Complete Books of the Four TreasuriesSiku quanshu, comp. late 18th c.

Population of China, 2 -2000 CE

1. Mongol Empire2. Ming Dynasty3. Trade and Tribute4. Foundations of the Qing Dynasty5. Europeans in China

China Proper

China Proper

Pearl River DeltaGuangdong Province

Guangzhou (Canton)

Hong KongMacao

Portuguese trading baseest. 1577

China Proper

Taiwan

Dutch trading baseest. 1624

Spanish trading baseest. 1626

Matteo Ricci1552-1610 Jesuit missionary

Celestial spheregold leaf, pearls and cloisonnéh. 82 cm. Qing dynasty

Tranquil SpringGiuseppe Castiglione (aka Lang Shining, 1688–1766)

Pine and CranesGiuseppe Castiglione andTang Dai (1673–1752)