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Late 19 Late 19 th th Century Century Funerals Funerals
18

Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Jan 04, 2016

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Beryl Walton
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Page 1: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Late 19Late 19thth Century Century FuneralsFunerals

Page 2: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

18801880

wide variations in funeral thoughts and wide variations in funeral thoughts and customscustoms

rapid transition to industrial/commercialrapid transition to industrial/commercial

large number of immigrantslarge number of immigrants

funeral mood in cities: formalityfuneral mood in cities: formality

rural: showed emotionsrural: showed emotions

funeral setting: “beauty” funeral setting: “beauty”

Page 3: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #1Readings Question #1

Describe what was done when a death Describe what was done when a death occurred in urban and rural late 19occurred in urban and rural late 19thth Century America.Century America.

Page 4: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #2Readings Question #2

In late 19In late 19thth Century America, where were Century America, where were most funerals held?most funerals held?

Page 5: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #3Readings Question #3

What did the undertaker do on his “firstcall”?What did the undertaker do on his “firstcall”?

Page 6: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #4Readings Question #4

What information did the undertaker gather What information did the undertaker gather from the family when making the funeral from the family when making the funeral arrangements?arrangements?

Page 7: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Casket SelectionCasket Selection

catalog, displayroom/stockroom, catalog, displayroom/stockroom, manufacturer’s showroommanufacturer’s showroom

wide range of styles and materialswide range of styles and materials

oak, mahogany, walnut, rosewood, oak, mahogany, walnut, rosewood, metallic burial cases and caskets, metallic-metallic burial cases and caskets, metallic-glass combinationglass combination

delivery problemsdelivery problems

Page 8: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #5Readings Question #5

Describe how a casket would be ordered Describe how a casket would be ordered and received in an urban and rural and received in an urban and rural community.community.

NYC: Rochester NY 20 hoursNYC: Rochester NY 20 hours

Chicago- 30 hours, St. Louis 38 hoursChicago- 30 hours, St. Louis 38 hours

rural: local cabinetmakerrural: local cabinetmaker

Page 9: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #6Readings Question #6

What were the legal obligations for the What were the legal obligations for the undertaker before burial or cremation could undertaker before burial or cremation could take place?take place?

Lincoln’s Funeral ProcessionLincoln’s Funeral Procession

May 4May 4thth, 1865, 1865

Page 10: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

CemeteryCemetery

assist the family with selectionassist the family with selection

grave lined or vaultgrave lined or vault

evergreen placed on edges of graveevergreen placed on edges of grave

Child: fresh flowers Child: fresh flowers

Page 11: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Readings Question #7Readings Question #7

Describe the rural and urban “home and Describe the rural and urban “home and church funerals” of the late 19church funerals” of the late 19thth century in century in America. How were people notified of the America. How were people notified of the death in these communities?death in these communities?

funeral cardfuneral card

Page 12: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Post-mortem PhotographsPost-mortem Photographs

manman womanwoman

Page 13: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Post-mortem PhotographPost-mortem Photograph

childchild

Page 14: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Late 19Late 19thth Century Mourning Century Mourning SymbolsSymbols

““gloom and formality”gloom and formality”

scarf/crepe on the doorscarf/crepe on the door

drape the room, veils in doorwaysdrape the room, veils in doorways

servants: mourning clothesservants: mourning clothes

Black was the appropriate color for Black was the appropriate color for mourning.mourning.

Page 15: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

WidowWidow

black clothing with dull finish for the first black clothing with dull finish for the first yearyear

after 2 years, ordinary clothesafter 2 years, ordinary clothes

elderly widowelderly widow

end of 19end of 19thth century: white for “summer century: white for “summer mourning”mourning”

Page 16: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

WidowerWidower

black suit with plain white linen shirtblack suit with plain white linen shirt

black: shoes, gloves, cuff-links, hatblack: shoes, gloves, cuff-links, hat

black crepe mourning band on hatblack crepe mourning band on hat

mourning period: 1 yearmourning period: 1 year

22ndnd year: grey clothing year: grey clothing

Page 17: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

Mourning TraditionsMourning Traditions

11stst 6 months: “deep mourning” 6 months: “deep mourning”widow’s stationerywidow’s stationerycalling cardscalling cardsparticipants: blackparticipants: blackfuneral sashes: “Pallbearer”, funeral sashes: “Pallbearer”, “Undertaker”, “IOOF”, “Masonic”“Undertaker”, “IOOF”, “Masonic”friends: black or dark colorsfriends: black or dark colorsmusic: brass band, church bellmusic: brass band, church bell

Page 18: Late 19 th Century Funerals. 1880 wide variations in funeral thoughts and customs rapid transition to industrial/commercial large number of immigrants.

From “Gloom” to “Beauty”From “Gloom” to “Beauty”(1880)(1880)

Caskets: more aesthetically appealingCaskets: more aesthetically appealing

Flowers: placed around the casketFlowers: placed around the casket

Artificial Flowers: availabilityArtificial Flowers: availability

Gravestones: more ornateGravestones: more ornate

poemspoems

symbols of faith and hopesymbols of faith and hope