Laser Ignition Systems Ppt1

7/28/2019 Laser Ignition Systems Ppt1

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Nihau Sharma2K9/EL/131


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The job of an ignition system is to generate the spark energyneeded to ignite the air/fuel mixture in an engine's cylinder.

The main components of this system consist of an ignition

coil, coil driver, distributor, spark plug wires, and spark plugs.

Types of Ignition Systems:

Kettering Ignition

Electronic Ignition

i. Capacitive Discharge Ignition (CDI)

ii. Transistor Controlled Ignition (TCI)

iii. Engine Control Unit (ECU)


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This is an alternative solution to standardspark plug by using the energy of a pulsedlaser beam, (using Q switching), to ignite theair fuel mixture.

Especially the thermodynamic requirements ofa high compression ratio and a high powerdensity are fulfilled well by laser ignition.


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The use of laser ignition to improve gas engineperformance was initially demonstrated by J. D.Dale in 1978

Recently, researchers at Mitsubishi HeavyIndustries,Toyota,National Energy Technology

Lab and Argonne National Lab have obtainedsmaller high peak power laser spark plugs. Laser ignition tests were performed with gasoline

in a spray-guided internal combustion engine.An Nd: YAG laser with 6 ns pulse duration, 1064nm wavelength and 1-50 mJ pulse energy wasused to ignite the fuel/air mixtures at initialpressures of 1-3 MPa.


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Arbitrary positioning of the ignition plasma

Absence of misfires and knocking

Self cleaning or ablation

Absence of erosion effects Precise ignition timing

Simpler regulation of the ignition energy

Easy possibility of multipoint ignition


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Graph for conventional spark ignition systems


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Life of a spark ignition system


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2 4 6 80

2

4

6

8

MPE(mJ)

A/Frel

( )

pinit

= 5 bar

pinit

= 10 bar

pinit

= 20 bar


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Dependence of the required ignition energy on the relative pressure(density) in the combustion chamber


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Influence of Lambda on laminar flame speed and pressure build-up


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Laser Arrangement in engines


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Another setup for laser arrangement


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Propagation of laser pulse through fiber optics

Develope of a compact, robust and economic laser

source

The quality of the ignition beam profile is also very

important, because with the right profile it is

possible to minimize the energy necessary to

generate the ignition spark.


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Single point ignition with comparisons to correct phasing. Timing optimization (Phasing) vs. Thermal Efficiency Look at NOx Trade off Knock Margin Multipoint laser ignition studies Higher apparent flame speed may provide additional

knock margin as well as higher burn rate Multipulse Ignition May provide improved ignition, leaner combustion and

emissions May provide a way to circumvent beam delivery issue Distributed ignition May provide a way to circumvent beam delivery (energy


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Mazda RX-9 16X

According to the latest international reports, Mazdas upcoming rotary sports

car could feature laser ignition technology.

This would replace the spark plug ignition system which is

currently applied to every petrol car on the market.

According to the latest international reports,Mazdas upcoming rotary sports

car could feature laser ignition technology.

This would replace the spark plug ignition

system which is

currently applied to every petrol car on the

market.


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The Japanese boffins have come up with a way ofmaking small, high-power lasers out of ceramics.Their prototype unit is made from two yttrium-aluminum-gallium (YAG) segments, one doped

with neodymium, the other with chromium. It isjust 9mm in diameter and 11mm long, and byusing bursts of pulses less than a nanosecond induration it can ignite a volume of lean fuel-air

mix at two points simultaneously - this developspower more quickly and efficiently than lightingat just one point.


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http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/02/naturalgas/3-1.pdf

http://www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-laser-ignition-system

http://www.processeng.biz/docs/laser_Konferenzbeitrag_IFRF_proceedings.pdf

http://www.iitk.ac.in/erl/laserignition.html Mr. Utkarsh Bagal, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar

Technological University The University of Liverpool reported encouraging results,

following a collaboration with Ford Motor Company and alaser manufacturer.
http://www.iitk.ac.in/erl/laserignition.htmlhttp://www.iitk.ac.in/erl/laserignition.html


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Laser Ignition Systems Ppt1

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