Laser

LASER

ORDINARY LIGHT

LASER

ACRONYM• L-Light• A-Amplification• S-Stimulated• E-Emission• R-Radiation• LASER-Light Amplification by a Stimulated Emission of Radiation

HISTORY• The possibility of stimulated emission was predicted by

Einstein in 1917.

•Maiman in 1960 created the first operational laser called Ruby laser and it was employed in treating dermatological lesions.

• CO2 laser was fabricated by Patel and colleagues in 1964.

PROPERTIES OF LASER LIGHT

• Monochromaticity: with all of energy it produces having same wave length.• Directionality : beam can travel considerable distance with a minimal

divergence(milliradans).• Coherence : is a distinct feature that allows laser beam to remain

parallel for long distance and spatially coherent. This helps in extremely fine focusing.• Brightness : high brightness- high energy.

TYPES OF LASERS• CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS• NEODYMIUM:YATRIUM-ALUMINIUM-GRANETT• ARGON LASER• HOLMIUM:YTRIUM-ALUMINIUM-GRANETT• ERBIUM:YTRIUM-ALUMINIUM-GRANETT• POTASSIUM TITANYL PHOSPHATE (KTP)

APPLICATION OF LASERLASER HAIR REMOVAL

selective absorption : absorbing component being melanin pigment in hair and follicle, it is best worked with a red light ruby laser. White hair can not be treated with any laser due to the lack of absorbing component.

Laser skin rejuvenation

• IR lasers are used to remove extremely thin layer of skin • (<0.1 mm). In the absence of pigment in general, they take

advantage of the presence of water in the skin to provide an ability to remove skin and body tissue.

LASER AS WEAPON

• It has ability to produce temporary or permanent vision loss in varying degrees when aimed at the eyes.• Laser weapons capable of directly damaging or

destroying a target in combat are still in the experimental stage.• The engineers had successfully built and tested an

electrically powered solid state laser capable of producing a 100-kilowatt beam, powerful enough to destroy an airplane.

LASER COOLING

• This involves atom trapping, a method where a number of atoms are confined in a specially shaped arrangement of electric and magnetic fields.• Shining particular wavelengths of laser light at the ions or atoms

slows them down, thus cooling them.• As this process is continued, they all are slowed and have the same

energy level, forming an unusual arrangement of matter known as a Bose–Einstein condensate.

SURVEING AND RANGING

• The laser level is affixed to a tripod, leveled and then spun to illuminate a horizontal plane.• The laser beam projector employs a rotating head with a mirror for

sweeping the laser beam about a vertical axis.• If the mirror is not self-leveling, it is provided with visually readable

level vials and manually adjustable screws for orienting the projector.• A staff carried by the operator is equipped with a movable sensor,

which can detect the laser beam and gives a signal when the sensor is in line with the beam

THANK YOU

By Narayanan Muthu selvam