I. TITTLE:
Preparation of Making 250 mL AgNO3 0,1N from AgNO3 (s)II. DATE
OF EXPERIMENT:26th, February 2014
III. OBJECTIVE:To make solution of 250 mL AgNO3 0,1N from AgNO3
(s)
IV. BASIC THEORY:A. The solutions created specifically are:
1. Preparation by mixing 5 ml of bromine in 100 ml of water
(carefully). The solution obtained is saturated solution with a
concentration of approximately 0.25M.
2. Starch water Preparation is by taking 1g starch and heated
with 100 ml of water while stirring. Add a small crystal of iodide
so durable solution. 3. Lime water (Calcium Hydroxide) Preparation
is by entering into a beaker glass up to as high as approximately 5
cm. Add to full of water, stir and let it settle. After the other
part does not fall to the bottom, pour the clear part into the
bottle carefully so as not to become turbid, or filtered with
cotton.4. Chlorine waterPreparation is by flowing chlorine gas into
the water up to a saturated solution (approximately 0.1 M). 5. Sea
Water To replace the sea water can be made by mixing a solution of
45 g sodium chloride, 3.5 g of magnesium sulfate. 5 g of magnesium
chloride, 2 g of potassium sulfate, 0.2 g of potassium bromide in 2
liters of water. 6. Ammonium Molybdate Preparation is by dissolving
15 g of ammonium molybdate in 10 ml of ammonia 0,880 and 5 ml of
water. Dilute to volume to 100 ml, add 100 ml of 5 M nitric acid
and stirred slowly. The solution concentration was 0.5 M.
7. Iron (III) chloride To prevent hydrolysis of each 1 liter
solution of 0.16 M (0.5 N) iron (III) chloride is added to 40 ml of
concentrated hydrochloric acid. 8. Iron (II) Sulfate In making this
solution use distilled water newly boil and then cooled so that the
solution does not contain dissolved oxygen. 9. Hydrogen Peroxide
Preparation is by diluting 100 ml of 10 volume hydrogen peroxide
with 90 ml of water. 10. Calcium cyanoferrate (III) Preparation is
to wash the crystals with water before it dissolved. Easily
decompose during storage. 11. Cyanoferrat Calcium (II) This
substance is easily oxidized. Can prevent by inserting a clean iron
into solution.12. Crude oil ( crude )Preparation by mixing 35 ml of
kerosene, gasoline 20 ml oil 15 ml SAE - 10 , SAE - 50 oil 15 ml,
10 ml gas washing and a bit of tar .13. Silver nitrateUse distilled
water to dissolve! Because tap water usually contains less chloride
which makes the solution cloudy.14. Barfoed reagentPreparation by
mixing 13.3 g of copper ( II ) acetate and 2 ml of glacial acetic
acid . Add water up to 200 ml solution .15. Benedic
reagentPreparation by mixing 17.3 g of copper ( II ) sulphate
crystals , 17.3 g of sodium nitrate and 100 g of anhydrous sodium
carbonate . Dissolve in water up to 1 liter of solution .16. Biuret
reagentPreparation is by dissolving 0.75 g of crystals of copper
(II) sulfate in 1 liter of 2 M potassium hydroxide .17. Millon
reagentPreparation is by dissolving 100 g of mercury in 200 ml of
concentrated nitric acid by heating in a fume cupboard, cold .
Poured 400 ml of water .18. Molisch reagent Preparation is by
dissolving 5 ga naphthol in 100 ml of ethanol. 19. Nessler reagent
Preparation is by dissolving 35 g of potassium iodide in water.
Move this solution into porcelain dash, then add the finely
powdered mercury (II) chloride 12.5 g. Crush until soluble. Then
pour into a beaker and add a saturated solution of mercury (II)
chloride to form a precipitate. Then add 120 g of sodium hydroxide
solution and make to 1 liter.20. Schiff reaction Preparation is by
dissolving 0.5 g in 500 ml of water Fuhsin. Fade the color solution
by flowing sulfur gas.21. Seliwanoff reagentPreparation is by
dissolving 0.5 g of resorcinol (1,3-benzene diol) with 1 liter of
hydrochloric acid 3 M. 22. Tolens Reagents: (amoniakal silver
nitat) Preparation is by adding 3 drops of 2 N NaOH in 5 ml of 0.2
M silver nitrate, ammonium hydroxide is then added to a solution
right away. 23. Tin (II) chloride Preparation is by heating 11.3 g
of tin chloride in 20 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid, add a
few small pieces of tin, then add water until the volume of
solution to 100 ml. The solution concentration was 0.5 M (1 N).
24. Acetate lead Preparation is by adding a solution of
potassium iodide to a solution of lead asetatencer to prevent
hydrolysis and maintain the clarity of the solution. 25. Yod
(Lugol) Preparation in a solution of potassium iodide for iodine
soluble in water. Preparation is by dissolving 12.7 g of iodine and
20 g of potassium iodide in 100 ml of water.
B. Indicator 1. Phenolphtalein (PP) Preparation is by dissolving
1 g of solid PP in 250 ml of ethanol, then a solution made by
adding 500 ml of water. Route from 8.4 to 10.0 colorless color
change from purple to red. 2. Methyl Orange (MO) Preparation is by
dissolving 1 g of the solid in 500 ml of alcohol 95%. Change
colors: Red-Yellow. Route : pH 2.8 to 4.6.3. Litmus Preparation is
by heating 10 g Litmus (azolitmin) with 500 ml of water for about
half an hour. Allow the solution to stand for 2 hours, then
filtered. If you need the color purple solution made by adding a
few drops of dilute nitric acid. Litmus solution should be stored
in a jar with a lid loosely so air can enter. Because if no
solution can be easily damaged air. 4. Methyl Red (MM) Preparation
is by dissolving 1 g of the solid in 500 ml of alcohol 95%. Changes
in red color - yellow. Route pH 4.4 to 6.0. 5. Yamada Universal
Indicator Preparation by mixing 0.25 g Bromtimol blue), 025 g
Thymol blue, 0.0625 g of methyl red, and 0.5000 g Phenolphtalein.
Then the mixture was diluted with 500 mL of ethanol, and then
dilute the solution with water to a volume of 1 liter.
Color changespH
Red4
Orange5
Yellow6
Green7
Blue8
Dark blue9
Purple10
6. Buffer solution Buffer solution is a solution if the
concentration of hydrogen ions or hydroxyl ions added, the pH of
the solution does not change. A system typically consists of a
buffer solution of a weak base and a salt of the base. Buffer
solution with a pH between 2.2 to 8.0 To make 100 ml of buffer
solution, add 0.2 M Na2HPO4 at 0.1 M citric acid with a ratio:
pHNa2HPO4 (ml)Citric acid (ml)pHNa2HPO4 (ml)Citric acid (ml)
2,22,0098,05,253-6046,40
2,46,2093,805,455,7544,25
2,610,9089,105,658,0042,00
2,815,8584,155,860,4539,45
3,020,5579,456,063,1536,85
3,224,7075,306,266,1033,90
3,428,5071, 506,469,2530,75
3,632,1067,806,672,7527,25
3,835,5064,506,877,2522,75
4,038,5561,457,082,3517,65
4,241,4058,607,286,9513,05
4,445,1055,907,491,859,15
4,646,7553,257,693,656,35
4,840,3050,707,895,754,25
5,051,5048,508,097,52,75
Material Safety Data SheetSilver nitrate MSDSSection 1: Chemical
Product and Company IdentificationProduct Name: Silver nitrate
Synonym: Lunar caustic; Silver (1+) nitrate; Nitric acid, silver
(1+) salt
Chemical Name: Silver Nitrate
Chemical Formula: AgNO3Section 2: Hazards
IdentificationPotential Acute Health Effects:Very hazardous in case
of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin
contact (permeator), of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation.
Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive). The amount
of tissue damage depends on length of contact. Eye contact can
result in corneal damage or blindness. Skin contact can produce
inflammation and blistering. Inhalation of dust will produce
irritation to gastro-intestinal or respiratory tract, characterized
by burning, sneezing and coughing. Severe over-exposure can produce
lung damage, choking, unconsciousness or death. Prolonged exposure
may result in skin burns and ulcerations. Over-exposure by
inhalation may cause respiratory irritation.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not
available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS:
Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance
is toxic to lungs. The substance may be toxic to mucous membranes,
skin, eyes. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can
produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure of the eyes to a
low level of dust can produce eye irritation. Repeated skin
exposure can produce local skin destruction, or dermatitis.
Repeated inhalation of dust can produce varying degree of
respiratory irritation or lung damage.
Section 3: First Aid MeasuresEye Contact:Check for and remove
any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used.
Get medical attention.
Skin Contact:In case of contact, immediately flush skin with
plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated
clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient.
Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean
shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately.
Serious Skin Contact:Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the
contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate
medical attention.
Inhalation:If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing,
give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical attention.
Serious Inhalation:Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as
possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or
waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the
victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic,
infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion:Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by
medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious
person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a
physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie,
belt or waistband.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Section 4: Fire and Explosion DataFlammability of the Product:
Non-flammable.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Points: Not applicable.
Flammable Limits: Not applicable.
Products of Combustion: Not available.
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: organic
materials, combustible materials
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Risks of
explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not
available. Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static
discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Not applicable.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Contact with combustible or
organic materials may cause fire.
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards:Silver nitrate mixed with
dry powdered magnesium may ignite explosively on contact with a
drop of water. An explosive fulminate may be formed if silver
nitrate is mixed with alcohols. Highly explosive is formed by the
addition of calcium carbide to silver nitrate solution.
Section 5: Accidental Release MeasuresSmall Spill: Use
appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste
disposal container.
Large Spill:Oxidizing material. Corrosive solid. Stop leak if
without risk. Do not get water inside container. Avoid contact with
a combustible material (wood, paper, oil, clothing...). Keep
substance damp using water spray. Do not touch spilled material.
Use water spray to reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers,
basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on
disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a
concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local
authorities.
Section 6: Handling and StoragePrecautions:Keep container dry.
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep away
from combustible material.. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust.
Never add water to this product. In case of insufficient
ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek
medical advice immediately and show the container or the label.
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Storage:Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool,
well-ventilated area. Separate from acids, alkalies, reducing
agents and combustibles. See NFPA 43A, Code for the Storage of
Liquid and Solid Oxidizers. Sensitive to light. Store in
light-resistant containers.
V. TOOLS AND MATERIALS:ToolsMaterials
Spatula (1)
Watch glass (1)
Balance (1)
Funnel (1)
Pipette (1)
Volumetric flask 250mL (1)
Wash bottle (1)AgNO3 (s)
Aquadest
VI. PROCEDURE: 1. Weighting AgNO3 (s) for 4.25 g in balance by
using watch glass
2. Taking AgNO3 (s) into volumetric flask by using funnel
3. Washing the watch glass and funnel by using wash bottle, so
there is no solid of AgNO3 that left in both watch glass and
funnel.
4. Adding aquadest into volumetric flask until fulfill of the
flask.
5. Shaking the volumetric flask until the solution dissolve
6. Adding aquadest until the limited sign in volumetric flask is
reached.
7. Taking the solution that has been made out to the other
bottle for solution of AgNO3 0.1NVII. DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT:
VIII. CONCLUSION:
250mL AgNO3 0.1N can be made by diluting 4.25 g AgNO3 in
volumetric flask 250mL.
ATTACHMENTPictureExplanation
Weighing AgNO3 solid
Labelling the solution
Calculation:
Known:
Mr AgNO3 = 169,87 g/mmol
V = 250 mL
N = 0.1N
Unknown:
How to make preparation solution of 250mL AgNO3 0.1N from AgNO3
(s)?
Solution:
So, mass that needed to dilute AgNO3 (s) in 250mL is 4.25
gramLABORATORY ORGANIZATION
Preparation of solution
Member of Group
Arysta Ningtyas (113194002)Nurul Choiriyah (113194006)Nurul
Hidayah
(113194007)Syifa Salima
(113194010)Linda Wirianty (113194013)Suwiton
(113194201)International Chemistry Education 2011UNIVERSITAS
NEGERI SURABAYA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
JURUSAN KIMIA
2014