Page 1
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX, Semester Genap, Tahun 2010/2011
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
Penekanan Desain :
Arsitektur Postmodem
Permasalahan Dominan :
Efektifitas Penataan Ruang dan Sirkulasi
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Disusun Oleh :
Ratri Pinaringan Palilih 06.11.0113
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
April,2011
Page 2
~
\ 1 . ,
.'
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX, Semester Genap, Tahun 20101 2011
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KA TOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Judul Proyek
Penekanan Desain
Permasalahan Dominan
Disususn Oleh
Pembimbing
Penguji
Dekan,
Interior Design Centre
Arsitektur Postmodem
Efektifitas Penataan Ruang dan Sirkulasi
Ratri Pinaringan Palilih 06.11.0113
Moediartianto, ST, MSc
Ir. Etty Endang Listiati, MT
Ir. Edy Prawoto, MT
Ir. FX. Bambang Suskiyatno, MT
Semarang, April 2011
Mengetahui dan Mengesahkan
Ketua, Ketua,
Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain Program Studi Arsitektur Proyek Akhir Arsitektur
Ir. B.P.R. GandhLM.S.A.
NPP.058.1.1987.022 NPP.058.1.2000.235 NPP.058.1.1986.015
ii
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX, Semester Genap, Tahun 20101 201 t
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKUL TAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Judul Proyek
Penekanan Desain
Permasalahan Dominan
Disususn Oleh
Pembimbing
Penguji
Penguji I
Ir. Ettv Endang Listiati. MT
NPP.058.1.1984.007
Interior Design Centre
Arsitektur Postmodem
Efektifitas Penataan Ruang dan Sirkulasi
Ratri Pinaringan Palilih 06.11.0113
Moediartianto, ST, MSc
Ir. Etty Endang Listiati, MT
Ir. Edy Prawoto, MT
Ir. FX. Bambang Suskiyatno, MT
Semarang, April 2011
Mengetahui dan Mengesahkan
Dosen Pembimbing
NPP.058.1.20oo.235
Penguji II Penguji III
Ir. Edy Prawoto. MT
NIP. 1956.1024.1987.031001 NPP.058.1.1992.124
iii
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PRAKATA Dalam proses perancangan dan perencanaan fisik sebuah gedung, gubahan komponen
bangunan bagian dalam yang lazim disebut desain interior menduduki urutan tingkat
. pelaksanaan yang paling akhir setelah arsitektur, rekayasa sipil, mekanikal dan elektrikal. Akan
tetapi, pada saat seseorang memasuki sebuah gedung yang sudah jadi, maka sosok desain
interior inilah yang paling pertama terlihat secara kasat mata dan kemudian menggugah kesan
atau citra tersendiri pada-pikiran orang yang melihatnya. Dunia. interior Indonesia tumbuh pes at,
tidak berbeda dengan bidang lainnya. Perkembangan tren desain interior pad a dasarnya hampir
sama dengan perkembangan tren pad a fesyen. Hal tersebutlah yang mendorong penulis untuk
merencanakan sebuah desain Interior Design Centre yang cukup berkompeten untuk lebih
meningkatkan desain interior khususnya di Kota Semarang.
Dengan rendah hati, penulis mengucapkan banyak terimakasih kepada semua pihak
yang telah membantu jalannnya penelitian ini baik secara langsung dan tidak langsung, antara
lain:
1. Tuhan YME yang selalu menyertai dan membimbing saya setiap saat.
2. Ibu dan kedua kakak tercinta yang telah membantu- dalam haJ. tenaga, mora~ dan
materia!.
3. Almarhum ayah tercinta yang sangat memberi inspirasi dan semangat besar untuk
tetap terus menjalani kehidupan, khususnya untuk tetap mendapatkan gelar sarjana.
4. Ir. BPR Gandhi, MSA, selaku dosen koordinator Proyek Akhir Arsitektur 59 yang
telah memberi kesempatan untuk menempuh studio PAA 59.
5. Moediartianto, ST, MSc selaku dosen pembimbing Proyek Akhir Arsitektur 59, yang
telah selalu memberikan pengarahan dan pengetahuan dalam pembuatan Landasan
Teori dan Program ini.
6. Ir. Etty Endang Listiaty, MT, Ir. Eddy Prawoto, MT dan Ir. FX. Bambang Suskiyatno,
MT. Selaku dosen penguji atas kritik, nasehat dan masukannya.
7. Seluruh dosen-dosen Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain atas i1mu dan bimbingan yang
telah diberikan.
8. Semua teman-teman PAA 59 atas kebersamaannya selama penyusunan Laporan
Landasan Teori dan Program.
9. Semua sahabatku Evi, Mita, Ratna, Bita, Thomas, Maxi, Mario, Prima serta Nanang
untuk kebersamaan, semangat dan perhatiannya selama ini.
Tujuan L TP PAA 59 ini disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan guna
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Arsitektur periode- 59· Semester Genap tahun 2010/2011 Jurusan
Arsitektur dan Desain Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
Semarang, April 2011
Penulis
hI
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-
DAFTAR 151 ~ - - -- - ~ ---- --- -------- - - -
Halaman sampul .................................................................................................................... i
Halaman Pengesaha ............................................................................................................. ii
Kata Pengantar ...................................................................................................................... iv
Daftar isi ................................................................................................................................... v
Daftar tabel dan diagram ..................................................................................................... x
Daftar gambar ......................................................................................................................... xii
BABI:PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang Proyek ........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Tujuan dan Sasaran Pembahasan ................................................................... 2
1.2.1. Tujuan .......................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Sasaran ........................................................................................................ 3
1.3. Lingkup Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 3
1.4. Metoda Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 4
1.4.1. Metoda Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 4
1.4.2. Metoda Penyusunan dan Analisis ......................................................... 6
1.4.3. Metoda Pemrograman ............................................................................. 7
1.4.4. Metoda Perancangan Arsitektur ............................................................ 7
1.5. Sistematika Pembahasan ..................................................................................... 9
BAB II : TINJAUAN PROYEK
2.1. Tinjau'an Umum ..................................................................................................... 11
2.1.1. Gambaran Umum 11
2.1.2 Latar Belakang - Perkembangan - Trend ........................................ 12
2.1.2.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................... 12
2.1.2.2. Perkembangan ........................................................................... 13
2.1.2.3. Trend ............................................................................................. 13
2.1.3. Sasaran Yang Akan Dicapai ................................................................ 13
2.2. Tinjauan Khusus ................................................................................................... 14
2.2.1.Terminologi ................................................................................................ 14
2.2.1.1. Pengertian Interior Design Centre .......................................... 14
2.2.1.2. Latar Belakang Sejarah ............................................................ 15
\!
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2.2.2.Kegiatan ..................................................................................................... 18
2.2.2.1. Pelaku ........................................................................................... 18
2.2.2.2. Aktivitas ........................................................................................ 19
2.2.2.3. Fasilitas ........................................................................................ 20
2.2.3.Spesifikasi dan Persyaratan Desain ...................................................... 21
2.2.3.1. Spesifikasi Proyek ....................................................................... 21
2.2.3.2. Persyaratan Desain ..................................................................... 22
2.2.4.Deskripsi Konteks Kota ............................................................................. 24
2.2.4.1. Kota Semarang, ............................................................................ 24
2.2.4.2. Kondisi Penduduk Kota Semarang .......................................... 27
2.2.4.3. Sektor Perdagangan Kota Semarang ..................................... 27
2.2.4.4. Keterkaitan (Relevancy) ............................................................. 27
2.2.4.5. Urban Issue ................................................................................... 28
2.2.5.Studi Banding dan Studi Komparasi ...................................................... 28
2.2.5.1. Haas Haus ..................................................................................... 28
2.2.5.2. Jakarta Design Centre ................................................................ 32
2.2.6.Permasalahan Desain ............................................................................... 37
2.3. Kesimpulan, Batasan dan Anggapan ............................................................... 38
2.3.1. Kesimpulan ....................................................................................... 38
2.3.2. Batasan .............................................................................................. 38
2.3.3. Anggapan .......................................................................................... 38
BAB III: ANALISA PENDEKA TAN PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR
3.1. Analisa Pendekatan ArsitektW .......................................................................... 40
3.1.1. Studi Aktivitas, ............................................................................................ 40
3.1.1.1. Aktivitas, .......................................................................................... 40
A. Pengelompokan Aktivitas ..................................................... ..40
B. Pendekatan Aktivitas - Pelaku ............................................ ,41
C. Pendekatan Pola Aktivitas ..................................................... 43
3.1.1.2. Pelaku 46
3.1.1.3. Pendekatan Jumlah Pelaku ...................................................... .47
3.1.1.4. Struktur Organisasi ...................................................................... 48
3.1.1.5. Pendekatan Jumlah Pengunjung .............................................. 48
3.1.2. Studi Fasilitas ............................................................................................. 49
3.1.2.1. Studi Kebutuhan Ruang ............................................................ .49 ui
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3.1.2.2. Pengelompokan Ruang .............................................................. 57
3.1.2.3. Studi Besaran Ruang .................................................................. 58
A. Area Indoo~ ............................................................................... 62
B. Area Outdoor ............................................................................ 67
C. Studi Ruang Khusus ............................................................... 69
3.1.2.4. Studi Kebutuhan Luas ................................................................. 74
3.1.2.5. Citra Arsitektural ........................................................................... 75
3.2. Analisa Pendekatan Sistem Bangunan ........................................................... 76
3.2.1. Studi Sistem Struktur dan Enclosure ................................................... 76
3.2.1.1. Sistem Struktur ....................................................................................... 77
3.2.2.2. Pondasi ........................................................................................... 77
3.2.2.3. Lantai ............................................................................................... 79
3.2.1.4. Dinding ............................................................................................ 80
3.2.1.5. Atap ................................................................................................. 83
3.2.1.6. Jendela dan Pintu ......................................................................... 85
3.2.2. Studi Sistem Utilitas 86
3.2.2.1. Pencahayaan ................................................................................. 86
3.2.2.2. Penghawaan .................................................................................. 90
3.2.2.3. Sistem Jaringan Listrik ................................................................ 92
3.2.2.4. Sistem Transportasi ..................................................................... 93
3.2.2.5. Sistem Penangulangan Kebakaran .......................................... 95
3.2.2.6. Sistem Penangkal Peti~ .............................................................. 97
3.2.2.7. Sistem Pengolahan Sampah ..................................................... 98
3.2.2.8. Sistem Pengolahan Limbah ...................................................... 98
3.2.2.9. Sistem Pengolahan Sampah ..................................................... 99
3.2.2.10. Sumber Air Bersih ...................................................................... 100
3.2.2.11. Sistem Komunikasi .................................................................... 100
3.2.2.12.Sistem Keamanan Bangunan ................................................... 101
3.2.2.13.Architectural Sign ........................................................................ 102
3.2.3. Studi Pemanfaatan Teknologi ............................................................... 102
3.3. Analisa Konteks Lingkungan .............................................................................. 105
3.3.1. Analisa Pemilihan Lokasi ....................................................................... 1 05
3.3.1.1. Kriteria Lokasi.. ............................................................................... 1 05
3.3.1.2. Alternatif Lokasi 105 \Iii
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3.3.1.3. Penilaian Lokasi ............................................................................. 107
3.3.2. Analisa Pemilihan Tapak ........................................................................ 107
3.3.2.1. Kriteria Tapak ................................................................................. 107
3.3.2.2. Alternatif Tapak .............................................................................. 1 07
3.3.2.3. Penilaian Tapak ............................................................................. 11 0
BAB IV : LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
4.1. Program Arsitektur ................................................................................................ 111
4.1.1. Aspek Citra Arsitektural .......................................................................... 111
4.1.2. Aspek Fungsi ............................................................................................ 112
4.1.3. Aspek Teknologi ....................................................................................... 112
4.2. Tujuan, Faktor, dan Faktor Penentu Persyaratan Perancangan .............. 112
4.2.1. Tujuan Perancangan (Design Objective) ............................................ 112
4.2.2. Faktor Penentu Perancangan (Design Determinants) ................... 113
4.2.3. Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan ........................................................ 113
4.3. Program Arsitektur ................................................................................................ 114 .-
4.3.1. Program Aktivitas ..................................................................................... 114
4.3.2. Pengelompokkan Fasilitas ..................................................................... 117
4.3.3. Program Besaran Ruang ........................................................................ 117
4.3.4. Program Sistem Struktur ........................................................................ 118
4.3.5. Program Sistem Utilitas .......................................................................... 119
4.3.6. Program Lokasi dan Tapak Lokasi Kec. Gayamsari ........................ 124
BAB V : KAJIAN TEORI
5.1. Kajian Teori dan Penekanan Desain ................................................................ 130
5.1.1. Uraian Interpretasi dan Elaborasi Teori Penekanan Desain .......... 131
5.1.1.1. Pengertian Postmodern ....................................................... : ...... 131
5.1.1.2. Latar belakang Postmodern ...................................................... 132
5.1.1.3. Ciri-ciri dan Pokok Postmodern ................................................ 133
5.1.1.4. Pokok Pikiran Postmodern 134
5.1.1.5. Postmodern di Indonesia ........................................................... 136
5.1.1.6. Postmodern dan Alirannya ........................................................ 138
5.1.2. Studi Preseden 140
5.1.3. Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Dalam Penekanan Desain .......... 142
5.2. Kajian Teori Permasalahan Dominan .............................................................. 146
5.2.1. Uraian dan Elaborasi Teori Permasalahan Dominan 146 uiii
Page 9
5.2.1.1. Definisi Ruang .............................................................................. 146
5.2.1.2. Hubungan Ruang ......................................................................... 150
5.2.1.3. Bentuk Menentukan Ruang ....................................................... 154
5.2.1.4. Organisasi Ruang ........................................................................ 155
5.2.2. Studi Preseden 157
5.2.3. Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Permasalahan Dominan .............. 166
KEPUSTAKAAN 167
LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................................... 169
Page 10
DAFTAR TABEL DAN DIAGRAM
Tabel 2.1 Pelaku dan Deskripsinya ..................................................................................... 18
Tabel 2.2 Pelaku dan Aktivitasnya ....................................................................................... 19
Tabel 2.3 Aktivitas dan Fasilitasnya .................................................................................... 20
Diagram 2.4 Spesifikasi Proyek ............................................................................................. 21
Tabel2.5 Persyaratan Desain ............................................................................................... 22
Tabel2.6 Bagian Wilayah Kota Semarang ......................................................................... 25
Tabel2.7 Segi Positif dan Negatif Haas Haus ................................................................... 32
Tabel 2.8 Segi Positif dan Negatif Jakarta Design Centre .............................................. 37
Tabel 3.1 Pendekatan Aktivitas Pelaku ............................................................................... 41
Diagram 3.2 Pola Kegiatan Pengunjung ............................................................................. 43
Diagram 3.3 Pola Kegiatan Pemilik ...................................................................................... 43
Diagram 3.4 Pola Kegiatan Pengelola ................................................................................. 43
Diagram 3.5 Pola Kegiatan Penyewa ................................................................................... 44
Diagram 3.6 Pola Kegiatan Desainer Interior ..................................................................... 44
Diagram 3.7 Pola Kegiatan Staf.. .......................................................................................... 44
Diagram 3.8 Pola Kegiatan Administratif ............................................................................ 45
Diagram 3.9 Pola Kegiatan Public Relation ........................................................................ 45
Diagram 3.10 Pola Kegiatan Cleaning Service .................................................................. 45
Diagram 3.11 Pola Kegiatan Teknisi .................................................................................... 46
Diagram 3.12 Pola Kegiatan Security .................................................................................. 46
Tabel 3.13 Deskripsi Pelaku ................................................................................................... 46
Tabe13.14 Jumlah Pelaku ...................................................................................................... 47
Diagram 3.15 Struktur Organisasi ......................................................................................... 48
Tabe13.16 Jumlah Pengunjung Citraland Mall Semarang .............................................. 49
Tabe13.17 Jumlah Pengunjung Interior Design Centre ................................................... 49
Tabel 3.18 Studi Kebutuhan Ruang ...................................................................................... 49
Tabel 3.19. Pengelompokan Ruang ..................................................................................... 57
Tabel 3.20 Standar Studi Besaran Ruang .......................................................................... 58
T abel 3.21 Studi Besaran Ruang Area Pengelola ............................................................. 62
Tabel 3.22 Studi Besaran Ruang Area Komersil ............................................................... 63
Tabel 3.23 Studi Besaran Ruang Area Pemeliharaan ..................................................... 64
x
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Tabel 3.24 Studi Besaran Ruang Area Penerima ............................................................. 65
Tabe13.25 Studi Besaran Ruang Area Service ................................................................. 66
Tabe13.26 Studi Besaran Ruang Outdoor .......................................................................... 67
Tabel 3.27 Studi Besaran Ruang Area Service ................................................................. 69
Tabe13.28 Studi Kebutuhan Luas ....................................................................................... ..74
Tabel 3.29 Jenis Lampu .......................................................................................................... 90
Diagram 3.30 Bagan Kerja Solar Ceil .................................................................................. 93
Diagram 3.31 Sistem Utilitas Sampah ................................................................................. 98
Diagram 3.32 Sistem Utilitas Air Kotor (Iimbah cairL ...................................................... 99
Diagram 3.33 Sistem Utilitas Air Kotor (Iimbah padatL ................................................... 99
Diagram 3.34 Sistem Utilitas Sampah ................................................................................. 99
Diagram 3.35 Sistem Utilitas Air Bersih (downfeedL ...................................................... 100
Diagram 3.36 Sistem Utilitas Air Bersih (upfeedL .......................................................... ..1 00
Diagram 3.37 Skema Utistem Keamanan ......................................................................... ..1 01
Tabel 3.38 Kriteria dan Parameter Penilaian Lokasi ...................................................... ..1 07
Tabel 3.39 Penilaian Lokasi ................................................................................................... 107
Tabel3.40 Kriteria dan Parameter Penilaian Tapak ......................................................... 110
Tabel3.41 Penilaian Tapak .................................................................................................... 110
Tabel4.1 Program Aktivitas ......................................•............................................................ 114
Diagram 4.2 Pelaku Aktivitas dan Fasilitas ......................................................................... 116
Tabel4.3 Pengelompokan Fasilitas, ..................................................................................... 117
Tabel4.4 Besaran Fasilitas Indoor ..................................................................................... ..117
Tabel4.5 Besaran Fasilitas Outdoor .................................................................................... 117
Tabel4.6 Program Sistem Struktur ...................................................................................... 118
Tabel4.7 Program Sistem Utilitas, ........................................................................................ 119
Tabel4.8 Program Ruang Hijau ............................................................................................ 121
Tabel 5.1 Kemungkinan Penerapan Desain ....................................................................... 142
Page 12
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Peta Kota Semarang ......................................................................................... 24
Gambar 2.2 Haas Haus ........................................................................................................... 28
Gambar 2.3 Hans Holein ......................................................................................................... 29
Gambar 2.4 Fasad Bangunan ................................................................................................ 29
Gambar 2.5 Cerminan Katedral... .......................................................................................... 29
Gambar 2.6 Sebelum ............................................................................................................... 30
Gambar 2. 7 Sesudah ............................................................................................................... 30
Gambar 2.8 Adaptasi Jaman Romawi ................................................................................ 30
Gambar 2.9 Curtain Wall ......................................................................................................... 30
Gambar 2.10 Tampak Bangunan .......................................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.11 3 Potongan Bangunan .................................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.12 3 Siteplan Bangunan ...................................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.13 Denah Bangunan ............................................................................................. 31
Gambar 2.14 Interior Haas Haus .......................................................................................... 32
Gambar 2.15 Atap Haas Haus ............................................................................................... 32
Gambar 2.16 Jakarta Design Centre .................................................................................... 32
Gambar 2.17 Lokasi Jakarta Design Centre ....................................................................... 33
Gambar 2.18 Ruang Pamer ................................................................................................... 34
Gambar 2.19 Kantor ................................................................................................................ 34
Gambar 2.20 Eksterior R. Seminar ....................................................................................... 34
Gambar 2.21 Interior R. Seminar .......................................................................................... 34
Gambar 2.22 Ruang Pamer ................................................................................................... 35
Gambar 2.23 Kantor ................................................................................................................. 35
Gambar 2.24 Bank ................................................................................................................. 35
Gambar 2.25 Fasilitas ............................................................................................................. 35
Gambar 2.26 Workshop .......................................................................................................... 36
Gambar 2.27 Jakarta Design Centre .................................................................................... 36
Gambar 2.28 Denah Jakarta Design Centre ...................................................................... 36
Gambar 2.29 Struktur Bangunan Jakarta Design Centre ................................................ 37
Gambar 2.30 Utilitas Bangunan Jakarta Design Centre .................................................. 37
Gambar 3.1 Analisa Ruang Gerak dalam Kloset ............................................................... 69
Page 13
Gambar 3.2 Dimensi Ruang dalam Kloset .......................................................................... 69
Gambar 3.3 Dimensi Wastafel. ............................................................................................. .70
Gambar 3.4 Rute Aksesibel dari Area Parki~ ..................................................................... 70
Gambar 3.5 Layout Area Penjualan ..................................................................................... 71
Gambar 3.6 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Keluarga ...................................................... ..71
Gambar 3.7 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Tidu~ ............................................................. ..71
Gambar 3.8 Dimensi Area Display Kamar Mandi ............................................................ ..71
Gambar 3.9 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Tamu ............................................................ ..71
Gambar 3.10 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Dapur ........................................................... 72
Gambar 3.11 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Makan .......................................................... 72
Gambar 3.12 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Nonton ......................................................... 72
Gambar 3.13 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Baca ........................................................... ..72
Gambar 3.14 Dimensi Area Display Ruang Kerja ........................................................... ..73
Gambar 3.15 Layout Area Display dan Penjualan .......................................................... ..73
Gambar 3.16 Layout Area Display ...................................................................................... ..74
Gambar 3.17 Sistem Struktur ............................................................................................... ..77
Gambar 3.18 Pondasi Tiang Pancang ............................................................................... ..78
Gambar 3.19 Pondasi Sumuran .......................................................................................... ..78
Gambar 3.20 Keramik .............................................................................................................. 80
Gambar 3.21 Parket ............................................................................................................... 80
Gambar 3.22 Granit Tile .......................................................................................................... 80
Gambar 3.23 Bata ringan! Hebel! Celcon (60 cm x 20 cm x 8-10 cmL .................... 80
Gambar 3.24 Detail Pemasangan Hebel ............................................................................. 80
Gambar 3.25 Detail Pemasangan Dinding Kaca ............................................................... 81
Gambar 3.26 Dinding Kaca .................................................................................................... 81
Gambar 3.27 Partisi Dinding Papan Semen ....................................................................... 82
Gambar 3.28 Partisi Dinding Kaca ........................................................................................ 82
Gambar 3.29 Partisi Dinding Resin Kayu ............................................................................ 82
Gambar 3.30 Space Frame .................................................................................................... 83
Gambar 3.31 Vancouver Convention and Exhibition Centre .......................................... 84
Gambar 3.32 Potongan Detail Atap Bertanaman .............................................................. 84
Gambar 3.33 Detail konstruksi tirisan dan gavel pada atap bertanaman yang miring ........ .
.......................................................................................................................................... 84
Gambar 3.34 Center of New Industries and Technologies ............................................. 84
Page 14
Gambar 3.35 Kusen Alumunium ........................................................................................... 85
Gambar 3.36 Jenis Profil Kusen Alumunium ...................................................................... 85
Gambar 3.37 Detail UPVC ...................................................................................................... 86
Gambar 3.38 Lewis Clark State Office,penonjolan pada dinding bangunan .............. 86
Gambar 3.39 Secondary Skin ................................................................................................ 86
Gambar 3.40 Exterior Window Shading .............................................................................. 86
Gambar 3.41 Pencahayaan dari Bukaan Atas ................................................................... 87
Gambar 3.42 Pencahayaan dari Jendela ............................................................................ 88
Gambar 3.43 General Lighting ............................................................................................... 88
Gambar 3.44 Task Lighting .................................................................................................... 88
Gambar 3.45 Artificial Lighting System Scenography ...................................................... 88
Gambar 3.46 Macam Ventilasi ............................................................................................... 90
Gambar 3.47 AC Split .............................................................................................................. 92
Gambar 3.48 Exhaust Fan ...................................................................................................... 92
Gambar 3.49 Generator Set ................................................................................................. 92 '.
Gambar 3.50 Solar Cell ........................................................................................................... 92
Gambar 3.51 Service Elevator ............................................................................................... 94
Gambar 3.52 Moving Ramp ................................................................................................... 94
Gambar 3.53 Ramp .................................................................................................................. 94
Gambar 3.54 Perlengkapan Pemadam Kebakaran .......................................................... 95
Gambar 3.55 Tangga Darurat ................................................................................................ 95
Gambar 3.56 Pintu Darurat ..................................................................................................... ~§
Gambar 3.57 Fire Evacuation Staircase .............................................................................. 96
Gambar 3.58 Penangkal petir dengan sistem Thomas .................................................... 97
Gambar 3.59 Pengolahan air sabun secara biologis ........................................................ 98
Gambar 3.60 Perlengkapan CCTV ....................................................................................... 101
Gambar 3.61 Handy Talky ...................................................................................................... 1 01
Gambar 3.62 Architectural sign ............................................................................................. 102
Gambar 3.63 Sistem ke~a solar cell ................................................................................... ..1 02
Gambar 3.64 Aplikasi MERO Floor System ....................................................................... 103
Gambar 3.65 Detail MERO Floor System .......................................................................... 104
Gambar 3.66 Situasi Alternatif Tapak Kec. Gayamsari .................................................. ..1 08
Gambar 3.67 Situasi AlternatifTapak Kec. Pedurungan ................................................. 109
Gambar 4.1 Kerai Payung (Filicium decipiensL ............................................................... 121
Page 15
Gambar 4.2 Pohon Kamboja (Plumeria rubraL ................................................................ 121
Gambar 4.3 Pohon trompet (Tabebuia sp) ......................................................................... 121
Gambar 4.4 Pohon Palem 121
Gambar 4.5 Kerai Payung (Filicium decipiensL. ............................................................. ..121
Gambar 4.6 Glodogan (Polyalthia longifo/iaL ................................................................... 121
Gambar 4.7 Angsana (Petrocarpus indicus wil/d) ............................................................. 121
Gambar 4.8 Melati Costa (Brunfelsia sp) ............................................................................ 121
Gambar 4.9 Oleander (Nerium Oleander).. ......................................................................... 121
Gambar 4.10 Angel's Trumpet (Datura) .............................................................................. 121
Gambar 4.11 Puring (codiaeum veriegatum) ..................................................................... 122
Gambar 4.12 Drasena (Dracaena spL ............................................................................... 122
Gambar 4.13 Azalea (Rhododendron spy ......................................................................... ..122
Gambar 4.14 Bunga Kertas (Zinnia el/egansJ. ................................................................... 122
Gambar 4.15 Bougenville ........................................................................................................ 122
Gambar 4.16 Mandevilla ........................................................................................................ 122
Gambar 4.17 Thunbergia (Thunbergia spy ...................................................................... ..122
Gambar4.18 Sirih Gading ..................................................................................................... 122
Gambar 4.19 Bunga Aster (Callistephus sp) .................................................................... ..122
Gambar 4.20 Sutra Bombay (Portulaca grandiflora) ................................................ ....... 122
Gambar 4.21 Lidah buaya (Aloe vera). ............................................................................... 123
Gambar 4.22 Lidah buaya (Sanseviera trafiscieta) ......................................................... 123
Gambar 4.23 Plumbea nigra, Variegata macrorrhiza bomeogiant. ........................... ..123
Gambar 4.24 Zoysia matrella,Zoysia japonica, Zoysia tenuifolia .................................. 123
Gambar 4.25 Teratai (Nymphaea sp) ................................................................................. .tf~
Gambar 4.26 Lotus (Nelubonaceae sp) .............................................................................. 123
Gambar 4.27 Cipyrus papyrus). ............................................................................................. 123
Gambar 4.28 Iris kuning .......................................................................................................... 123
Gambar 4.29 Thyla cattail ....................................................................................................... 123
Gambar 4.30 Situasi Alternatif Tapak Kec. Gayamsari... ................................................. 125
Gambar 4.31 Peta Lokasi Tapak ........................................................................................... 126
Gambar 4.32 Potongan Jalan Tol Gayamsari .................................................................... 126
Gambar 4.33 Potongan JI. Brigjend Sudiarto ................................................................... ..129
Gambar 5.1 Dancing House ................................................................................................... 140
Gambar 5.2 Fasad Dancing House ...................................................................................... 140 xv
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Gambar 5.3 Cerminan Penari ................................................................................................ 140
Gambar 5.4 Interior Dance House ........................................................................................ 141
Gambar 5.5 Kolom beton bentuk lengkung ........................................................................ 141
Gambar 5.6 Concrete structure ............................................................................................. 142
Gambar 5.7 Sistem Struktur ................................................................................................... 142
Gambar 5.8 Contoh Bangunan Postmodern ...................................................................... 142
Gambar 5.9 Jenis pondasi tiang pancang cast in place .................................................. 143
Gambar 5.10 Penutup Lantai ................................................................................................. 143
Gambar 5.11 Penutup Lantai ................................................................................................. 143
Gambar 5.12 The glass panel ................................................................................................ 144
Gambar 5.13 Titanium Plantter .............................................................................................. 144
Gambar 5.14 Facade Structures ........................................................................................... 144
Gambar 5.15 Sistem Moduler Area Display ....................................................................... 144
Gambar 5.16 Pengaplikasian Biomorphic ......................................................................... ..144
Gambar 5.17 Pengaplikasian dinding partisi ..................................................................... 145
Gambar 5.18 Atap Space Frame ........................................................................................ ..145
Gambar 5.19 Contoh Kombinasi Atap Bangunan ............................................................ 145
Gambar 5.20 Scenography artificial lighting system ....................................................... ..146
Gambar 5.21 Lighting track set & Lights Beam ............................................................... ..146
Gambar 5.22 Pengaplikasian Lighting track set & Lights Floor ................................... ..146
Gambar 5.23 Pemikiran Ruang Lao Tzu ............................................................................. 147
Gambar 5.24 Pemikiran Ruang Plato ................................................................................... 148
Gambar 5.25 Pemikiran Ruang William Wayne Caudill ................................................... 150
Gambar 5.26 Sendai Mediatheque ....................................................................................... 157
Gambar 5.27 Kolom Bangunan ............................................................................................. 158
Gambar 5.28 Fasad Bangunan ............................................................................................. 158
Gambar 5.29 Polikarbonat, kaca dan alumunium ........................................................... ..158
Gambar 5.30 Kolom Seismic .................................................................................................. 159
Gambar 5.31 Interior Bangunan ............................................................................................ 159
Gambar 5.32 Denah Lantai 1 dan 2 ................................................................................... ..160
Gambar 5.33 Denah Lantai 3 dan 4 ................................................................................... ..160
Gambar 5.34 Denah Lantai 5 dan 6 161
Gambar 5.35 Denah Lantai 7 ................................................................................................. 161
Gambar 5.36 Potongan Bangunan ...................................................................................... 162 v\,i
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Gambar 5.37 Eksterior Bangunan ........................................................................................ 162
Gambar 5.38 Kolom Seismic ........................................................................................ 162
Gambar 5.39 Kolom Seismic .................................................................................................. 162
Gambar 5.40 East Wing, National Gallery ........................................................................ ..163
Gambar 5.41 Fasad EWNG 163
Gambar 5.42 View area EWNG .......................................................................................... ..164
Gambar 5.43 Parti-parti EWNG ............................................................................................. 164
Gambar 5.44 View area EWNG ............................................................................................ 164
Gambar 5.45 EWNG ................................................................................................................ 164
Gambar 5.46 Gambar Kerja EWNG ................................................................................... ..165
Gambar 5.47 Gambar 3D EWND .......................................................................................... 165
Gambar 5.48 Eksterior EWNG ............................................................................................... 165
Gambar 5.49 Sky Light dari Samping ................................................................................ ..166
Gambar 5.50 Sclupture ............................................................................................................ 166
Gambar 5.51 Atrium EWND ................................................................................................... 166 ,~
Gambar 5.52 Sky Light dari Atas .......................................................................................... 166
Gambar 5.53 View area EWNG 166