Lahendong 5&6 Revised ESIA Report - Volume III Appendices February 2011 Pertamina Geothermal Energy Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
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Although not referenced in the MOE decree, the MOE advised that it is a 2 hour averaging period based on the
measurement method as recorded in the MOM with Ministry of Envyronment (see Appendix J) (c)
Decree regarding odour standard, not for protection of public health
In addition to the ambient air quality standard described above for the protection of the public, Ministry of
Manpower Letter No. SE-01/MEN/1997 regarding Ambient Threshold Limits of Chemical Factors in
Working Environments; provides occupational H2S exposure limits. This is presented in Table A.6 below.
Table A.6: Indonesian Ambient Air Quality Standard for the Protection of Occupational Health, H2S
Name Averaging Period H2S
Ministry of Manpower Letter No. SE-01/MEN/1997
8 Hour 10ppm / 14,000 µg/m3
Emissions to air from geothermal power plant are regulated by Ministry of Environment Regulation No. 21
of 2008 on air emissions from stationary sources and power plants. This limit is presented in Table A.7.
Table A.7: Indonesian Air Emission Standards for H2S
Parameters and Values(a)
Name Averaging Period NH3 (mg/Nm3)
H2S (mg/Nm3)
MOE Regulation No.21 of 2008
1 Hour 0.5 35
Note: (a)
At reference conditions 25oC, 1 ATM
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A.2.4. Noise
Indonesian standard for environmental noise is set in Ministry of Environment Decree No. 48 of 1996 as
shown in Table A.8. A noise health and safety limit is set in Ministry of Manpower Decree No. 51 of 1999.
Table A.8: Indonesian Noise Standards (dBA)
Measured Sites National standard Kep. MenLH 48/1996
National standard Kep. Menaker 51/1999
Residential area 55
Green open space 50
Industrial area 70
Occupational safety and health 85 (8 hours)*
88 (4 hours)*
91 (2 hours)*
94 (1 hour)*
97 (30 minutes)*
Source: Ministry of Environment Decree No. 48 of 1996
Ministry of Manpower Decree No. 51 of 1999
* Exposure limit per day
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A.3. World Bank Group Guidelines
A.3.1. Overview
IFC Performance Standard 3 and World Bank OP 4.01 specify the use of the World Bank Group
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines (known as the "EHS Guidelines"). These guidelines were
developed as part of a two and a half year review process that ended in 2007.
The revised World Bank Group EHS Guidelines are a set of general and industry specific examples of
international good practice. The General EHS Guidelines contain information on crosscutting issues
applicable to projects in all industry sectors. They provide guidance on performance levels and
measurements considered to be achievable at reasonable cost by new or existing projects with the use of
existing technologies and practices. The Project will be designed to comply with the levels and measures
identified in the EHS Guidelines where Indonesian host country requirements are less stringent or do not
exist.
The General EHS Guidelines provide both environmental and occupational health & safety (OHS)
standards. No measurement method references are quoted within the World Bank Group guidelines and it
is assumed that internationally recognised measurement methods such as various ISO standards will
apply.
A.3.2. Waste water effluents
No specific liquid effluent discharge guidelines are provided within either the World Bank Group General
EHS Guidelines or EHS Guidelines for Geothermal Power Generation. However, liquid effluent discharge
guidelines are provided within the World Bank Group EHS Guidelines for Thermal Power Plants which are
presented for reference purposes. In comparison with Indonesian national standards, certain parameter
requirements in the World Bank Group EHS Guidelines are more stringent (total suspended solids, residual
chlorine, copper, iron and cadmium). The Project will comply with these more stringent standards.
Table A.9: World Bank Group Standards for Liquid Effluent Discharge
Pollutant Unit Limit Comment
pH pH 6 - 9 -
TSS mg/l 50 -
Oil and Grease mg/l 10 -
Total Residual Chlorine mg/l 0.2 Chlorine “shocking” may be preferable in certain circumstances.
Chromium (total) mg/l 0.5 -
Copper mg/l 0.5 -
Iron mg/l 1 -
Zinc mg/l 1 -
Cadmium mg/l 0.1 -
Mercury mg/l 0.005 -
Arsenic mg/l 0.5 -
Temperature Increase mg/l +5ºC Site specific requirement; elevated temperature areas due to discharge of once-through cooling water should be minimized by adjusting intake and outfall design through the project specific EA depending on the sensitive
aquatic ecosystems around the discharge point.
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To limit impacts on water quality in case of limited or no sewerage network, the following World Bank
Group General EHS Guidelines will apply to any sanitary waste water after being treated in waste water
treatment plant.
Table A.10: Indicative Values for Treated Sanitary Sewerage Discharges
Pollutants Units Guideline Value
pH pH 6-9
BOD mg/l 30
COD mg/l 125
Total nitrogen mg/l 10
Total phosphorus mg/l 2
Oil and grease mg/l 10
Total suspended solids mg/l 50
Total coliform bacteria MPNb / 100ml 400a
Notes a) not applicable to centralised, municipal, wastewater treatment systems which are included in EHS guidelines for water
and sanitation
b) MPN = Most probable number
A.3.3. Ambient Air Quality
As noted above, the construction phase of the project could potentially lead to emissions of a range of
combustion related pollutants including nitrogen oxides (NOx), particles and carbon monoxide. In the
operational phase, the only pollutant of concern is hydrogen sulphide which is released from the cooling
towers, rock mufflers and during the initial well testing phase.
The Project shall be designed to comply with the relevant national standards or, in their absence, the
current WHO air quality guidelines, as required by the World Bank Group General EHS Guidelines. As
other pollutants such as NO2, SO2 and PM10 are adequately covered under Indonesian legislation
(Government Regulation No. 41 of 1999) only WHO guidelines for H2S are referenced given that the MOE
Decree No. 50 of 1996 regarding odour standard has not been used within this assessment for the
justification provided previously in Section A.2.3. The current WHO guidelines for H2S are presented in
Table A.11.
Table A.11: WHO Ambient Air Quality Guidelines
Pollutant Averaging Period Value (µg/m3)
Hydrogen Sulphide 24 Hour 150 (guideline)
The latest version of the WHO Guidelines (Global Update, 2005), focus on the key criteria pollutants of
particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide and do not contain specific guideline values
for H2S.
The WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, 2nd
Edition 2000, (henceforth the WHO guidelines) was a
landmark publication that provided information on a much wider range of pollutants than previous guidance.
Although the publication was made in Europe, the preface and foreword notes that WHO guidelines were
and have been applied world-wide as best practice, and consequently led to the 2005 Guidelines adopting
a ‘Global’ moniker. The 2000 Guidance, from which the guideline for H2S is sourced and draws heavily on
international data, acknowledges that when States use the guidelines for setting legally binding standards,
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considerations such as prevailing exposure levels, technical feasibility, source control measures,
abatement strategies, and social, economic and cultural conditions should be taken into account.
In many jurisdictions, such as the United States and Europe, such considerations have led to the
introduction of a threshold of tolerance to account for exceptional, worst case episodes. In practice this
means defining a number of allowable occurrences greater than the prescribed value to account for
potential abnormal or infrequent pollutions episodes - these are often referred to the guideline values being
applied as percentiles. This principal has been applied within the assessment by comparing the second
highest modelled 24 hour H2S concentrations against the WHO guideline value. Not only is this in
accordance with the spirit of the guidelines, but it also ensures that conclusions are not based on potential
outlier results produced by the modelling.
The WHO defines a guideline as “…any kind of recommendation or guidance on the protection of human
beings or receptors in the environment from adverse effects of air pollutants”. This assessment has
interpreted the application of the WHO standard as being relevant to those locations only where receptors
can reasonably be expected to be exposed for the specified averaging period. . This is in accordance with
the application of, for example, the EU Air Quality Directive (2008/50/EC) where application of ambient air
quality objectives excludes areas of non fixed habitation (i.e. residential areas), work and industrial
locations and within roads. In the case of H2S, the averaging period is 24 hours and therefore this
guideline has only been applied to locations where receptors can reasonably be expected to be located for
this duration, i.e. residential locations, as well as health care facilities, schools and similarly sensitive sites.
This approach is consistent with international interpretation of air quality standards such as those in
Europe.
Some studies of the potential impacts of H2S on vegetation have been undertaken in the US and Canada
which has included studies on plants in the biosphere as well as in laboratory experiments. In general,
studies have found that negative effects on vegetation occur only with prolonged exposure to H2S, and that
lower levels can stimulate growth in certain types of plants. No formal guidelines have been set for the
impacts of H2S on vegetation, but a report published by Alberta Environment (Assessment Report On
Reduced Sulphur Compounds, 2004) recommended a limit of 140µg/m3 as a no observable effect
concentration, for long-term exposure (long-term exposure usually being interpreted, for example within the
EU, as annual average periods). Therefore in the present assessment, this limit has been adopted as an
annual mean to assess the potential effects of H2S on vegetated areas. Modelled concentrations of ground
level H2S have therefore been compared against this standard for areas designated as Hutan Lindung
(Watershed Protection Forest) and surrounding agricultural areas. As the existing vegetation is already
exposed to some levels of ambient H2S they are likely to already be desensitized to exposure and therefore
this limit is likely to be conservative.
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A.3.4. Noise
The World Bank Groups General EHS Guidelines set out recommended environmental noise limits for new
Guidelines values for occupational health and safety (OHS) limits, as described in World Bank Group
guidelines that will be used for this project in addition to general good practice measures are provided in
further detail below. The Project shall be designed to comply with the relevant Indonesian and World Bank
Group guidelines on OHS. Where the Indonesian and international standards differ, the more stringent of
the two will be applied.
Noise
Table A.13 summarises relevant World Bank Group Guidelines for occupational noise exposure, which
should be complied with at the relevant locations on site.
Table A.13: Noise Limits for Various Working Environments
Location / Activity Equivalent Level LAeq,8h
Maximum LAmax,fast
Heavy industry (no demand for oral communication) 85 dB(A) 110 dB(A)
Open offices, control rooms, service counters or similar 45 – 50 dB(A) –
Individual offices (no disturbing noise) 40 – 45 dB(A) –
Hydrogen Sulphide H2S
The World Bank Group EHS Guidelines for Geothermal Power Generation provide examples for sources of
occupational health and safety guidelines. These include those established by the Occupational Safety
and Health Administration of the United States (OSHA). Other international standards include Icelandic
workplace exposure limits for hydrogen sulphide (Icelandic Regulation No. 320 on Pollution and the
working environment, 2009). These are presented in Table A.14. Both US and Icelandic standards are
comparable to the Indonesian occupational health exposure limit presented in Table A.6.
In accordance with requirements of the World Bank Group General EHS guidelines, as the Indonesian
occupational limit exists and is comparable with Icelandic standards and more stringent relevant US
standards referenced, it has been applied to assess the air quality impacts of the project at occupational
receptors.
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Table A.14: International Occupational Exposure Standards for H2S
Organisation Averaging Period Value
Icelandic permitted concentration for occupational exposure
8 hours 14,000 µg/m3
- 20ppm / 28,000 µg/m3 (Acceptable
Ceiling concentration) Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the United States Acceptable maximum peak above the
acceptable ceiling concentration for an 8 hour shift
50 ppm / 70,000 µg/m3
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B.1. Introduction
B.1.1. Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan (PCDP) Objectives
Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) applied for a grant from the Government of the Netherlands that has
been provided through the World Bank (WB). The purpose of the grant was to contribute to the cost of
initial development of three of PGE’s geothermal power projects. The scheme considered in this report is
the Lahendong Units 5&6 Geothermal Power Project (The Project) located in North Sulawesi. Each of the
two proposed units will have a net capacity of 20MW. The Project is also referred to as South Lahendong
and Tompaso Units 1&2.
Environmental assessment for the purpose of permitting and compliance with Indonesian legislation is
undertaken on behalf of PGE by a local university consultancy, Badan Konsultan AMDAL Unrat (the Local
Consultants). PGE has appointed Mott MacDonald Limited (MML) to assist them in completing a full
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) to international standards, in compliance with World
Bank (project financier) procedures and guidelines. One requirement of international standards is the
production of a Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan (PCDP) or Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) to
ensure that the appropriate consultation and engagement with the public and relevant stakeholders is
undertaken.
In Indonesia, project related public consultation and disclosure is required under the AMDAL (national
environmental permitting) process. Appropriate and meaningful consultation is a key international finance
requirement because it is integral to project planning and development.
This PCDP is a strategic document for planning a comprehensive and culturally appropriate approach to
consultation and disclosure for the lifecycle of the Project. The purpose of this PCDP is to provide a
consultation and participation strategy for the Project which:
� Identifies people or communities that are or could be affected by the project, as well as other interested
parties;
� Ensures that such stakeholders are appropriately engaged on environmental and social issues that
could potentially affect them through a process of information disclosure and meaningful consultation;
� Maintains a constructive relationship with stakeholders on an ongoing basis through meaningful
engagement during project implementation; and
� Meets legal requirements related to consultation.
The PCDP is underpinned by the principles that community engagement should be free of external
manipulation, interference, coercion and intimidation, and conducted on the basis of timely, relevant,
understandable and accessible information, in a culturally appropriate manner. Consultation activities
should always be well planned and based on principles of respectful and meaningful dialogue.
B.2. Project Location and Description
The Project is located about 30 km South of Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. It stretches across the
villages of Sendangan, Pinabetengan, Pinabetengan Utara (North), Tompaso II, Kanonang (I and II),
Tonsewer, Touure, Liba, Tember, Kamanga (I and II) and Talikuran in the Tompaso and Kawangkoan
sub-districts, Minahasa District.
Regional and local maps showing project location are shown in Figure B.1 and Figure B.3.
Appendix B. Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan
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Figure B.1: Project Location
Source: National Coordinating Agency for Surveys and Mapping
Site Location
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Figure B.2: Project Components
Legend
Source: Mott MacDonald
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Figure B.3: Project Area Features
Legend
Source: Mott MacDonald
To utilise geothermal energy, production wells are drilled down into the heated water contained within the
Earth's crust - the geothermal reservoir. Once these geothermal reservoirs are tapped into, the heated
water and steam rise to the surface where the steam is separated and used to power steam turbines, which
then generate energy that can be harnessed as electricity. Brine and condensate are returned via
reinjection wells back to the geothermal reservoir.
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During operation, the main process activities include:
� Steam production where steam is extracted, processed and also subsequently reinjected;
� Power plant, where the extracted steam is used to generate electricity; and evacuation of electricity via
transmission lines.
The project was originally conceived of three well clusters (two production well clusters and one reinjection
well cluster) and one power plant with two 20MW units. However, following analysis of preliminary data,
the technical feasibility study has recommended that the project should also consider up to two potential
additional production well clusters and one potential additional reinjection well cluster. The Project will be
connected by 150kV transmission line to the existing grid at the Kawangkoan substation which is
approximately 2.7km from the proposed power plant site.
Table B.1 summarises the currently identified Project Components of Lahendong Units 5&6. Land already
acquired and estimates of land required for future acquisition are provided together with approximate
locational co-ordinates.
Table B.1: Main Project Components
Easting Northing Component
WGS 84 Projection
Area (m2) Land Acquired?
Drilled / Built?
LHD-26 697161 129789 Yes Cluster 26
LHD-30 697161 129789.5
40,940 (a) Yes
Yes
LHD-27 699731 129744 Yes
LHD-31 699731 129764 Yes
LHD-33 699731 129714 Yes
Cluster 27
LHD-34 699731 129754
47,515 (a) Yes
Yes
LHD-32 699204 131384 Yes Cluster 32
LHD-35 699191.5 131388
55,128 (a) Yes
Yes
Water Pump Station (WPS) 698815 129802 8,171 Yes Yes
Potential Additional Production Cluster 1 (e) (e) 45,000 (a) (b) No No
Potential Additional Production Cluster 2 (e) (e) 60,000 (a) (b) No No
Potential Additional Reinjection Cluster 1 (e) (e) 45,000 (a) (b) No No
Separators (e) (e) 1,000(b) No No
Reinjection pipeline corridors (c) (c) 95,000 (b) No No
Production pipeline corridors (c) (c) 32,500 (b) No No
Lahendong Power Plant Units 5&6 (e) (e) 105,000 (a) (b) No No
2.7km Transmission Line (d) (d) (d) No No
Notes: (a) Includes area of road access
(b) Data is conservatively approximate based on preferred location and area as derived from AECOM feasibility study.
(c) Provisional routes between wellpads and power plant.
(d) Provisional route of transmission line.
(e) Exact co-ordinates unknown as not yet acquired. Proposed potential locations presented in Figure B.2.
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B.2.1. PCDP Structure
This PCDP is organised by sections to cover:
� Regulations and requirements;
� Review of consultation and disclosure previously carried out on the project;
� Identification of stakeholders;
� The disclosure and consultation implementation programme;
� Details of a timetable for consultation and disclosure;
� The grievance mechanism; and
� Monitoring and reporting requirements.
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B.3. Regulations and Requirements
B.3.1. Overview
This PCDP is undertaken to meet the legislation and policy regulations of the Government of Indonesia and
to meet the information disclosure, consultation and stakeholder participation requirements of the World
Bank. These requirements are summarised below.
B.3.2. National Consultation Requirements under the AMDAL Process
Public involvement was formally introduced into the AMDAL process through a decree by of the Head of
the Environmental Impact Management Agency (EIMA or Bapedal) in 2000. This decree—No. KepDal
08/2000 covers transparency of information and allows for governors to be flexible in arranging further
implementations at the provincial level according to context specificity. Four key objectives are addressed
in the guidelines including: the protection of the community’s interests; community empowerment;
transparency of the AMDAL process; and stakeholder partnership building. The guidelines also embody
four overarching principles: (1) the equal position of AMDAL stakeholders; (2) transparency in decision-
making; (3) equality in problem resolution; and (4) coordination, communication and cooperation among
AMDAL stakeholders. The term ‘public involvement’ in the AMDAL process is interpreted as public
participation in the decision making process.
Under Indonesian guidelines, consultation with the public is conducted during all stages of the project.
Firstly, during the prearrangement stage of the project (before AMDAL documents are prepared); secondly
during the Terms of Reference preparation; and thirdly through the public’s representative who sits on the
AMDAL commission or makes written submissions to the commission. Once all the AMDAL documents
have been prepared, the proponent presents those documents to the AMDAL commission for further
review. Ahead of the review process, members of the public have one further opportunity to express their
views and offer comments and suggestions.
Due to the size of the Project (2x20MW), a full AMDAL is not required. The consultation undertaken by
PGE and the Local Consultants has therefore been undertaken as part of PGE’s policy rather than for
compliance purposes.
B.3.3. International Consultation Requirements of the World Bank
Public consultation, disclosure and stakeholder engagement are key requirements of World Bank
Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies. World Bank Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 Environmental
Assessment states that for all Category A and B projects proposed for WB financing, during the ESIA
process the borrower must consult project-affected persons (PAPs) and groups and local nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) about the project's environmental aspects and takes their views into account. The
borrower must initiate such consultations as early as possible. For Category A projects - such as this
project - the borrower must consult these groups at least twice:
� shortly after environmental screening and before the terms of reference for the ESIA are finalized; and
� once a draft ESIA report is prepared.
In addition, the borrower consults and engages with such groups throughout construction and operation
phases as appropriate about environmental and social considerations.
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WB OP 4.01 also specifies information disclosure requirements. For meaningful consultations between the
borrower and project-affected groups and local NGOs on all Category A and B projects, the borrower must
provide relevant material in a timely manner prior to consultation and in a form and language that are
understandable and accessible to the groups being consulted.
For a Category A projects, the borrower must provide for:
� The initial consultation a summary of the proposed project's objectives, description, and potential
impacts.
� For consultation after the draft ESIA report is prepared, the borrower must provide a summary of the
ESIA's conclusions.
For Category A projects, the borrower makes the draft ESIA report available at a public place accessible to
project-affected groups and local NGOs.
Public availability in the borrowing country and official receipt by the WB of Category A reports for projects
proposed for WB financing are prerequisites to WB appraisal. Once the borrower officially transmits the
Category A ESIA report to the WB, the WB distributes the summary (in English) to the executive directors
and makes the report available through its InfoShop (http://publications.worldbank.org) for a period of 120
days for interested parties to submit comments prior to the meeting at which the Bank's Executive Directors
will decide whether to approve the project. The borrower can also make the report available through its
own website.
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B.4. Previous Public Consultation and Disclosure
B.4.1. Overview
PGE has actively undertaken various community engagement activities including information disclosure
and public consultation. The sections below describe consultation activities carried out by PGE prior to and
during the UKL/UPL and land Acquisition Processes. An overview is also provided of stakeholder
responses to date and corporate responsibility activities of PGE. Subsequent activities carried out by the
International Environmental and Social Consultants during the ESIA process are reported in ESIA Volume
II.
B.4.2. Indonesia UKL / UPL Consultation
Community consultation about the proposed project has been undertaken prior to and during the UKL/UPL
process on:
� December 9th, 2004 at Pinabetengan village;
� December 20th, 2004 at Kanonang I and II villages
� October 2nd
, 2007 at Tonsewer village; and
� August 20th, 2009 at District office in Tompaso.
The UKL/UPL for the steamfield (produced by the Local Consultants, 2009) states that the following 6
villages affected had good knowledge about the project when surveyed as part of the UKL/UPL process:
� Pinabetengan: Approximately 70% of villagers aware of the project;
� Tompaso II: Approximately 100%of villagers aware of the project;
� Tonsewer: Approximately 100%of villagers aware of the project;
� Sendangan: Approximately 100%of villagers aware of the project;
� Kanonang1 II: Approximately 20%of villagers aware of the project; and
� Kanonang I: Approximately 50%of villagers aware of the project.
The sources of information villagers had drawn on for their knowledge of the Project was more extensive
than solely the consultations carried by PGE, however, and included sources such as Project surveyors, as
well as the village leadership.
B.4.3. Land Acquisition Consultation
One of PGE’s core land acquisition principles is:
“Land acquisition for development shall involve public participation commencing from the planning
stage of development through to execution and the post-acquisition of land stage – all negotiations
with the land owners are carried out collectively in a public location, and in the presence of village
heads and community leaders, in an open and consultative manner without any coercion and with
sufficient time for consideration of offers.”
_________________________
1 Kanonang has since been reorganised. Kanonang I split into Kanonang 1 and 3, and Kanonang II became Kanonang 2, 4 and 5.
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In practice this means disclosing information about the project from the outset, and holding deliberations
with local community leaders and the land holders over local prevalent market prices and entitlements to
compensation. These activities are summarised in Table B.2 below.
Table B.2: Information Disclosure and Consultation Activities Undertaken as Part of the Land Acquisition Process
Village Date Details of deliberations (‘musyawarah’) and land acquisition
Sendangan 13 August 2006;
17 & 18 October 2008;
3 August 2009
In this village, 4.8 hectares of land that was owned by nine persons was acquired by PGE for the project and villagers were pleased with the deliberation process because PGE did not use the NJOP tax valuation in the negotiations. The people were satisfied with the price. They also owned other land. On 3 August 2009 a meeting was held to discuss compensation for crops damaged during well testing and Rp. 26,720,000 was paid to eleven farmers.
Kanonang 7 September 2006;
16 & 17 October 2006
PGE has acquired land for the project in this village and the people were satisfied with the compensation received following the deliberation process.
Pinabetengan 17 & 18 October 2006
Land acquired was owned by three individuals and a price of Rp.30,000 - 31,000 per m² was agreed between PGE and the landowners.
Tompaso II 17, 18 & 20 April 2009
Land acquired was owned by two families, with the one having the largest share living in Manado and the one with a small share living in Jakarta. They had land ownership (hak milik) and the land was registered at the Kabupaten Land Office. PGE stated that they would change the status of the land to right to use the land (Hak Guna Bangunan - HGB).
A PGE Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework has been produced (see Appendix C). It
outlines the methods PGE uses for disclosing information to and consulting with Project Affected Persons
subject to land acquisition impacts.
B.4.4. ESIA Consultation and Disclosure Activities
The international ESIA team undertook two site visits during the original ESIA process in order to inform the
inception (scoping) processes, to assist PGE in disclosing the inception (scoping) findings to local
communities and NGOs and to support PGE in gathering comments used to inform the preparation of the
draft ESIA (2010).
An additional site visit was undertaken by the international ESIA team to inform the revised ESIA to be
produced in accordance with the potentially revised project scope (2011).
� ESIA Inception (Scoping) Site Visit Stakeholder Interviews between 19th - 20th March, 2010;
� ESIA Main Site Visit Stakeholder Interviews between 7th - 10th June, 2010;
� ESIA Main Site Visit Consultation and Disclosure Events on 7th and 8th June, 2010;
� Disclosure of Draft ESIA for a 120-day period on 7th October 2010;
� Draft ESIA Consultation and Disclosure Event on 28th October 2010;
� ESIA Revision Site Visit Stakeholder Interviews on 8th January 2011; and
� ESIA Revision Site Visit Consultation Event on 10th January 2011
B.4.5. Community Investment Activities
PGE provides community investment to catalyse development benefits within the communities in which it
operates. During the ESIA Scoping Site Visit community leaders expressed satisfaction with past
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community investment and the desire for future investment to provide opportunities to improve
infrastructure, employment, rural electrification, health and education services as part of the project.
The village leaders submit proposals for assistance to PGE. They are evaluated and some have been
approved. There are several programs by PGE assisting the village, which are providing medicine and a
medical doctor. A road in Sendangan has been improved by PGE and the village has received from PGE
materials such as cement, support for meetings, health assistance, and education.
PGE has a Corporate Social Responsibility program targeted at five areas as shown below:
� Income Generation
� Education
� Infrastructure
� Health
� Environment
In 2009 in Lahendong, the following amounts were invested.
� Health: 300,000,000Rp
� Infrastructure: 75,687,500Rp
� Environment: 2,800,000Rp
� Sponsorship: 60,860,000Rp.
The community investment activities are expected to continue and details will be reported on annually.
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B.5. Project Stakeholders
B.5.1. Overview
Stakeholder consultation is undertaken to determine the views of persons and organisations that may be
affected directly or indirectly, positively or negatively, by the Project or that can affect the outcome of the
Project.
A key step in successful stakeholder engagement is the identification of the various individuals or groups
who (i) are affected or likely to be affected directly or indirectly by the project (“affected parties”), or (ii) may
have an interest in the project (“other interested parties”). The process of identifying affected parties and
other interested parties is summarised below.
B.5.2. Stakeholder Identification
To date PGE and Badan Konsultan AMDAL Unrat (local consultants) have been involved in identifying and
reaching out to stakeholders. Stakeholders identified to date during the development of the Project are
summarised below in Table B.3. Additional stakeholders will be incorporated into the disclosure and
consultation process. The Public Relations Officer (PRO) will keep a file with names and organisations and
their contacts. As new stakeholders are identified they will be added to the list.
Table B.3: Stakeholders Identified for the Project
Stakeholder Group Identified Stakeholders
Local communities Villages of Pinabetangan; Tompaso II; Tonsewer; Sendengan; Kanonang I; Kanonang II; Kanonang IV, Pinabetengan Utara (North), Toure, Liba, Tember, Kamanga (I and II) and Talikuran
Local government agencies (Districts and Regencies)
District Governor of Minahasa, Badan Lingkungan Hidup / BLH (Environmental Agency), Dinas Pertambangan Dan Energi (Mines And Energy Agency)
Provincial government agencies Badan lingkungan Hidup / BLH (env agency), dinas pertambangan dan energi (mines and energy agency), dinas pekerjaan umun (publict work agency), dinas social (social agency), dinas tata kota (spacial planning agency)
National Government Ministries/Bodies
Kementerian Negara Lingkungan Hidup (Ministry of Environment); Directorate Energy, Ministry of Mines and Energy; MPs for Project Area, Direktorat Jenderal (Ditjen) Energi Baru Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi (EBTKE) (Directorate-General of New Energy, Renewable and Energy Conservation)
Industry and Businesses -
Local NGOs / Civil society organisation
PKK (Housewives association), Campaigners against power development in area at National and Provincial levels, Yayasan Hulu Lestari
Farmers Local Gapotkan representatives
Education Village school Heads
Local Universities/ academics unversitas minahasa (unima), universitas samratulangi
Others Media – local news paper such as manado post, tribun manado, komentar, tribun sulut
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B.6. Information Disclosure and Community Engagement
B.6.1. Overview
To date there has been a range of activities to disclose information and to exchange opinions. The Project
is committed to information disclosure and community engagement throughout the project lifecycle. The
sections below look at activities to be implemented during the rest of the drilling phase, and for the
operation phase.
B.6.2. Information Disclosure
During the UKL/UPL process, statutory consultation requirements were met and efforts were made to
facilitate local community participation in that process. In addition, further activities were undertaken and
efforts made to meet with parties indicating opposition to the project. The key Project issues that local
community members and local authority representatives need to fully understand relate to:
� What the technology is, in particular for operation phase, and how it differs from combustion power
plants;
� What the project components look like;
� What the effects on maize, ground nuts and crops production will be; and,
� What the effects on human health will be.
Disclosure of relevant project information helps stakeholders understand the risks, impacts and
opportunities of the project. Sometimes information needs to be reiterated several times or described in
various manners to help people understand projects better.
For the Lahendong Units 5&6 Project, consultation is carried out during the ESIA process. These are all
described in more detail below.
B.6.3. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)
The ESIA, undertaken by MML, identifies the likely environmental and social effects associated with the
proposed Project. The ESIA process requires the following activities relevant to public disclosure and
consultation are undertaken:
� Public consultation event at the scoping stage of the ESIA to provide information about the project, the
ESIA approach and discuss key environmental and social issues;
� Public consultation on the draft ESIA report, providing an opportunity for comments on the report; and
� Production of a Non-Technical Summary of the ESIA.
ESIA Consultation activities and outcomes are be fed back to the ESIA technical specialists and reported in
the ESIA. MML produce these documents in English. The ESIA is translated into Bahasa Indonesia for
distribution to stakeholders. The documents are made available for consultation and comments by PGE at
their head office, site office and at the village head’s offices in the project affected area, for a period of 120
days. Additional consultation with individual stakeholders is undertaken by PGE where this is necessary to
inform individual issues identified in the ESIA.
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B.6.4. Media Communications
PGE has a Corporate Secretary responsible for media communication. All project team members should
be made aware of this and all media requests or contacts should be directed to the Corporate Secretary
who will manage media relations. This role will involve other team members as appropriate and will inform
them of the key project messages that have already been identified. The Corporate Secretary has press
release contacts and content templates which will be used as required. The Corporate Secretary will work
closely with the Public Relations Officer who is responsible for the site.
B.6.5. Community liaison during Drilling, Construction and Operation
The PGE Public Relations Officer who is based on site has overall responsibility for managing consultation
and disclosure for the Project. This includes the drilling, construction and operation phases. In addition, the
contractors will be required (through contract clauses) to identify a Community Liaison Officer (CLO). The
PRO should organise meetings with stakeholders (except for media), especially the local group leaders (for
instance there are women’s groups, youth groups, village elders, religious leaders) and the elected and
appointed local authorities to provide a regular opportunity to discuss any issues or concerns stakeholders
may have. The PRO is the main point of contact for stakeholders.
The PRO, with assistance from the CLO, is responsible for logging grievances according to the grievance
mechanism detailed below. The definition of a complaint or grievance in the context of this PCDP and
additional requirements over and above the provisions of the existing procedure are discussed in more
detail in Section B.8 below. The PRO works to close out grievances in a timely and satisfactory manner.
The PRO is responsible for producing annual summaries that provide details related to community
investment activities and the use of the grievance mechanism. These are submitted to the Corporate
Secretary for inclusion in the Project’s Annual Reports.
For the first four years of operation, an annual open day will be organised to allow local villagers to see the
facilities functioning up close to improve local understanding of the technology.
B.6.6. Updating the PCDP
This PCDP should be reviewed annually by the Project Manager and Corporate Secretary to see if further
activities need to be included and to address any changes to the Project or local context that may occur.
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B.7. Implementation Timescales and Responsibilities
B.7.1. Overview
It is important that consultation and disclosure undertaken as part of the Project occurs at appropriate
timescales to allow stakeholders to be informed and contribute to the appropriate management of
environment and the development of the Project. This section assigns timescales and responsibilities to the
activities identified in the previous section.
B.7.2. Implementation
The activities described above are presented in Table B.4 below with suggestions regarding when they
were or should be implemented and the various people who have responsibility.
Table B.4: Information Disclosure Consultation and Community Engagement Schedule
Activity Timing Responsibility
ESIA Pre-consultation March 2010 MML accompanied by PGE
ESIA Screening consultation and Disclosure event
June 2010 Material in English by MML
Event arranged and advertised by PGE
ESIA – consultation event on draft report
October 2010 Draft Non-technical summary in English by MML;
Final first version in Indonesian by PGE
Event arranged and advertised by PGE
ESIA – distribution of the Non-Technical Summary
October 2010 Final English version by Mott MacDonald,
Translation and distribution by PGE
Media communications As requested or when press releases deemed relevant
Corporate Secretary, Public Relations Officer
Stakeholder meetings during drilling and operation
Within the first three months and proactively as needed thereafter
Public Relations Officer
Community investment activities
Annually Public Relations Officer, Project Manager, Corporate Secretary
Annual reports Annually Public Relations Officer, Project Manager, Corporate Secretary
Open days during operation Annually for at least the first four years
Public Relations Officer, Project Manager, Corporate Secretary
B.7.3. Responsibilities
Specific documents related to the Environmental and Social Assessment are provided by MML and
implementation support from the Local Consultants. PGE will be responsible for organising translation of
documents other than the NTS into the local language and ensuring they are distributed to the appropriate
stakeholders.
During drilling and operation, the PRO will be responsible for meeting with stakeholders and implementing
the grievance mechanism. The PRO will pass media requests to and interact regularly with PGE’s
Corporate Secretary. The PRO will document interactions with all stakeholders. The PRO will be
responsible for logging grievances and working with PGE’s Project Manager and the contractor’s CLO to
resolve them. The funding for the corporate investment activities will be approved by PGE’s Board and be
managed by the Corporate Secretary.
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B.8. Grievance Mechanism
B.8.1. Overview
A grievance can be defined as an actual or perceived problem that might give grounds for complaint. The
sections below consider types of grievances, confidentiality and anonymity, and the Project’s grievance
resolution process.
B.8.2. Current PGE Practice
At present, PGE does not have a formally documented community grievance mechanism and resolution
process. Grievances raised by community members, representatives or groups are not currently recorded
by PGE, therefore no list of grievances and their associated resolutions has been provided for the purposes
of the ESIA. PGE has stated however, that through the UKL/UPL consultation processes, it has been
explained to the local communities that grievances can be submitted to the site manager. If grievances are
not resolved to the complainant’s satisfaction they can then contact PGE’s Headquarter. It is not clear if
contact details have been provided to the local communities.
Although there is currently no formal grievance process, evidence of grievance resolution can be found in
PGE’s Corporate Social Responsibility activities (discussed in detail in Section 8.7) whereby PGE have
invested in infrastructure such as household water supplies and irrigation principally in response to
community complaints (whether substantiated or not).
PGE has agreed to develop a community grievance mechanism for the project (all phases) and disclose
this to the local community, as specified in the subsections below. PGE’s Project Manager with support
from the PRO has overall responsibility to manage grievance issues related to the Project.
B.8.3. Type of Grievances
Potential impacts and effects that are most likely to give rise to grievances for this Project are related to:
� Construction, drilling and steam venting noise;
� Presence of a construction labour force and the effects on neighbouring villages, local services and
infrastructure;
� Water resources and water pollution;
� Community health and safety, for instance in relation to impacts of increased traffic on nearby residents;
and,
� Damage to surrounding natural environment, including crops.
Anyone will be able to submit a grievance to the Project if they believe a practice is having a detrimental
impact on the community, the environment, or on their quality of life. They may also submit comments and
suggestions. Grievances could include:
� Negative impacts on a person or a community (e.g. financial loss, physical harm, nuisance);
� Dangers to health and safety or the environment;
� Failure of PGE its sub-contractors and their workers or drivers to comply with standards or legal
obligations;
� Harassment of any nature;
� Criminal activity;
� Improper conduct or unethical behaviour;
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� Financial malpractice or impropriety or fraud; and
� Attempts to conceal any of the above.
Grievances during construction will be investigated by PGE to review the validity and responsibility. The
PRO or Corporate Secretary will explain in writing (or orally, where literacy is an issue) the manner in which
the review was carried out, the results of the review, any changes to activities that will be undertaken to
address the grievance or how the issue is being managed to meet appropriate environmental and social
management systems and requirements.
B.9. Confidentiality and Anonymity
The Project will aim to protect a person’s confidentiality when requested and will guarantee anonymity in
annual reporting. Individuals will be asked permission to disclose their identity. Investigations will be
undertaken in a manner that is respectful of the aggrieved party and the principle of confidentiality. The
aggrieved party will need to recognise that there may be situations when disclosure of identity is required
and the Project will identify these situations to see whether the aggrieved party wishes to continue with the
investigation and resolution activities.
B.10. Grievance Resolution
With implementation of the formal grievance mechanism, PGE logs grievances and the logging system will
be formalised. A comments sheet will be produced by PGE’s Corporate Secretary for those wanting to
make a complaint or comment, in addition to the route of writing to PGE, directly or through the village
leader. Should any member of PGE’s staff receive an informal or formal verbal complaint, it must be
written down and passed to the PRO for recording and follow up. PGE’s corporate procedure for
grievances will be included in appropriate project communication materials such as the non-technical
summary. In the first instance, grievances will be directed to the PRO (in some cases this may be via the
contractors CLO) who will classify grievances according to Table B.5.
Table B.5: Grievance Classification Criteria
Grievance Classification
Risk Level Validity Response
Low No or low Unsubstantiated PRO will conduct investigation, document findings and provide a response
Medium Possible risk and likely a one off event
Possible substantiation PRO and an appropriate investigation team (including contractors CLO) will conduct investigation. The Project/Site Manager may decide to stop work during the investigation to allow the corrective preventive actions to be determined. The PRO will provide a response.
High Probable risk and could reoccur
Probable substantiation PRO will organise a Major Investigation Team including PGE for prompt investigation and resolution. Work will be stopped in the affected area. The PRO will provide a response.
The PRO will log the receipt of a comment, formally acknowledge it, track progress on its investigation and
resolution, and respond in writing with feedback to the aggrieved party. The contractors CLO will initiate
the investigation and ensure its speedy conclusion aiming to provide a response with 10 working days,
unless there are exceptional circumstances. If the Project receives a large number of unsubstantiated
grievances, the process will be reviewed to define instances when no response is needed.
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PGE may hire an independent national consultant to investigate grievances if required, or to monitor
environmental and social indicators during the operational phase; this independent company/consultant
would play an important role in investigating the validity and responsibility for the grievance effect. Project
staff, and outside authorities as appropriate, will also contribute to the investigation. The PRO and
contractor’s CLO will collaborate to identify an appropriate investigation team with the correct skills to
review the issue raised and to decide whether it is Project related or whether it is more appropriately
addressed by a relevant authority outside the Project. The investigation will also aim to identify whether the
incident leading to the grievance is a singular occurrence or likely to reoccur. Identifying and implementing
activities, procedures, equipment and training to address and prevent reoccurrence will be part of the
investigation activities. In some cases it will be appropriate for the PRO and contractors CLO to follow up
at a later date to see if the person or organisation is satisfied with the resolution or remedial actions.
The PRO will summarise grievances to report on project performance bi-annually during construction
(including drilling, SAGS and power plant) and annually during operation removing identification information
to protect the confidentiality of the complainant and guaranteeing anonymity.
The point of contact for grievances and comments is:
PGE PRO, Mr Remmy Basalama Address : Jl. Raya Tomohon No. 420 Tomohon, North Sulawesi - Indonesia Tel _+62 431 351378 Email: [email protected] / [email protected]
B.11. Monitoring and Reporting
This PCDP identifies various activities that require monitoring and reporting including the following:
� The progress / updating of the ESIA.
� PRO and contractor’s CLO activities: minutes of consultation meetings will be produced and all original
written consultation correspondence will be retained as evidence of the process and outcomes.
� Grievance logging and tracking: each grievance will be given an identification number and followed
through by recording details and timing for their resolution and closing out.
� Annual reporting: a Project specific annual report summarising project performance, PRO activities
including grievances, will be produced.
Public domain documents are to be distributed widely to stakeholders including regulatory agencies, project
financiers local authorities and local communities.
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C.1. Introduction
C.1.1. Background
Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE), a subsidiary of PT Pertamina (Persero), was established in 2006 as
mandated by the Government of Indonesia (GoI) to develop 15 Geothermal Business Working Areas in
Indonesia.
Geothermal power is a clean and efficient alternative for diversifying Indonesia’s electricity generation mix.
Indonesia has the world’s largest geothermal potential that could fuel about 27,000 MW of generation
capacity. However, the resource makes up only 3.2 percent of the present generation capacity.
The GoI has requested a loan from the World Bank (WB) to support the development of up to 370 MW of
capacity. The designated implementing agency is PGE who has requested the WB to assist with finance
investment in two sites at an advanced stage of preparation: Ulubelu Units 3&4 in Lampung Province,
Sumatra, and Lahendong Units 5&6 in North Sulawesi
The development objective of the proposed WB investment is to increase the utilisation of clean
geothermal based electricity in order to reduce pollution and improve the environment. This will be
achieved through: a) development of geothermal power generation capacity in fields under the control of
PGE, and b) strengthening the institutional capabilities of the company through technical assistance and
capacity building so that PGE can contribute to sector development on a sustained basis.
The bulk of project investment will be devoted to establishing up to 150 MW of power generation capacity
(Ulubelu Units 3&4 and Lahendong Units 5&6) which will include the confirmation of resources, production
drilling, development of the steam gathering systems, and the construction of the power plants. Upon
completion, PGE will be in a position to sell geothermal power into the national electricity grid in order to
meet growing electricity demand in an environmentally friendly manner.
Pertamina has been working in Ulubelu since the mid 1990s undertaking preliminary exploration surveys.
Since the establishment of PGE in 2006 as a subsidiary of Pertamina, PGE progressed with developing a
number of clusters, drilling wells and preparing the roads and other infrastructure needed to start
production. Lahendong Units 5&6 is actually located on the Tompaso field which is located near PGE’s
existing Lahendong field in operation since 2000. Work in the Tompaso field (registered as Lahendong
Units 5&6) started in 2007, resulting in two production clusters and one reinjection cluster.
C.1.2. World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement)
Land for all facilities will be, or has been acquired by PGE. Since PGE is legally registered as a private
company, it acquires land through direct negotiations, based on the principle of willing buyer-willing seller.
However, PGE can request expropriation if negotiations fail and if no viable alternative siting exists.
Therefore, the World Bank Operational Policy (OP) 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement) would be triggered, for
which PGE has prepared this Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework, which describes in
detail PGE’s land acquisition procedures as well as steps that will be taken under expropriation. OP 4.12
includes safeguards to address and mitigate against impoverishment risks associated with any land
acquisition or involuntary resettlement under development projects.
Appendix C. Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework
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The primary objective of this Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework and Note is to provide
provision of details of the land acquisition procedures employed by PGE on both project sites to date, as
well as an indication as to the expected land acquisition required for the remainder of the Project. This
demonstrates that PGE practices follow the principle of willing buyer-willing seller. A secondary objective is
to provide detailed procedures that will be applied if PGE requests the expropriation of any land, as well as
requirements for reporting to the World Bank to ensure and demonstrate compliance with OP 4.12.
Although this policy framework is intended to provide a framework for land acquisition and resettlement
impacts associated with these specific projects, it is also intended to provide an overarching framework for
land acquisition relevant to any future project that PGE pursues.
Resettlement in this document refers to the direct economic and social impacts that are caused by the
involuntary taking of land which results in relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, or
loss of income sources or means of livelihood whether or not the affected persons must move to another
location. The Bank policy also refers to the involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and
protected areas resulting in adverse impact on the livelihoods of the displaced persons.
C.1.3. Report Structure
PGE has prepared this Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework (LARPF) as a means to
demonstrate compliance with both national laws and regulations and international best practice as
exemplified by WB OP 4.12. The document consists of two main sections:
1. Firstly, an outline of PGE’s Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework which includes
acquisition principles and corporate and field-level institutional and management arrangements by PGE
Land Acquisition Teams. A detailed description of PGE’s actual approach to land acquisition through
negotiated settlement is provided. In addition, by law PGE may request the Government to expropriate
land through eminent domain2 (under the Presidential Regulation, Perpres 65/2006) as a last resort.
The LARPF also includes procedures in order to ensure compliance with WB OP 4.12.
2. Secondly, a description of land acquisition and asset compensation undertaken to date as well as the
land acquisition anticipated to complete Ulubelu Units 3&4 and Lahendong Units 5&6 sites.
Additionally, a comparison of the variation in prices paid for land and trees/crops across time and
between locations is provided.
The document is based upon known information at the time of writing and is intended to be a live document
that can be updated and modified to reflect changes in law and/or acquisition status.
_________________________
2 Eminent domain is the right of the state to acquire land, using its sovereign power, for public purposes. National law establishes
which public agencies have the prerogative to exercise eminent domain.
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C.1.4. Resettlement Policy Framework – WB OP 4.12
This Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework corresponds with the requirements of a
Resettlement Policy Framework, the components of which are described in WB OP 4.12 Annex A
(paragraphs 23 – 25) and are shown below:
(a) a brief description of the project and components for which land acquisition and resettlement are
required, and an explanation of why a resettlement plan as described in paras. 2-21 or an abbreviated plan
as described in para. 22 cannot be prepared by project appraisal;
A project description is provided as part of the projects specific information in Section 2 of the ESIA
Volume 2. No resettlement has occurred to date and none is envisaged at this stage. Should expropriation
or resettlement be required at a later stage, an outline of the requirements of an ARAP and a RAP is
provided in C.5 and a framework for resettlement is provided in this document.
(b) principles and objectives governing resettlement preparation and implementation;
PGE’s principles for land acquisition are outlined in Section C.2.2.
(c) a description of the process for preparing and approving resettlement plans;
Section C.2.5 provides details on the necessary pre-requisites and procedures for resettlement planning
should it be required.
(d) estimated population displacement and likely categories of displaced persons, to the extent feasible;
Section C.3.3 gives information regarding the land acquisition needed for the remainder of the Ulubelu 3&4
and Lahendong 5&6 projects. Details on the number of affected persons are yet to be established; no
persons are expected to be displaced.
(e) eligibility criteria for defining various categories of displaced persons;
Eligibility for entitlements is discussed in Section C.2.5.10.
(f) a legal framework reviewing the fit between borrower laws and regulations and Bank policy requirements
and measures proposed to bridge any gaps between them;
The legal framework is reviewed in Section C.2.1.
(g) methods of valuing affected assets;
Section C.2.5.7 describes the establishment of an independent assessment to value affected assets if
there is expropriation.
(h) organizational procedures for delivery of entitlements, including, for projects involving private sector
intermediaries, the responsibilities of the financial intermediary, the government, and the private developer;
Organisational procedures, roles and responsibilities are detailed in Section C.2.3.
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(i) a description of the implementation process, linking resettlement implementation to civil works;
The implementation process is presented in Section C.2.5.19.
(j) a description of grievance redress mechanisms;
This is described in Section C.2.5.16 and draws on the grievance mechanism presented in the Public
Consultation and Disclosure Plan for the ESIA for the project (Appendix B, Volume III), which will be
disclosed when completed.
(k) a description of the arrangements for funding resettlement, including the preparation and review of cost
estimates, the flow of funds, and contingency arrangements;
Issues of funding are addressed by Section C.2.3 and Section C.2.5.18 discusses cost estimation in the
event of expropriation or involuntary resettlement. Examples of prices paid for land and assets for the two
sub-projects (Ulubelu 3 &4 and Lahendong 5&6) are shown in Sections C.3.1 and C.3.2.
(l) a description of mechanisms for consultations with, and participation of, displaced persons in planning,
implementation, and monitoring; and
Consultation with project affected persons (PAPs) is a key element of this Land Acquisition Framework and
is an inherent part of PGE’s existing practices. This document discusses consultation in Section C.2.4.2,
which describes PGE’s current procedures of negotiated settlement, and in Section C.2.5.6 which
describes the processes required for consultation when expropriation of land becomes necessary.
(m) arrangements for monitoring by the implementing agency and, if required, by independent monitors.
Monitoring, reporting and evaluation requirements are discussed in Section C.2.6.
C.2. Institutional and Legal Policy Framework
C.2.1. PGE’s Land Acquisition Approach and the Legal Requirements
As a subsidiary of the state owned oil company PT Pertamina (Persero), PGE is legally registered as a
private company in accordance with the Law and Human Rights Ministerial Decree Number W7-00089
PGE acquires land through direct negotiations, based on the principle of ‘willing buyer-willing seller’. By
law, PGE also has the option to acquire land under the rubric of public interest, utilising the principle of
eminent domain according to the provisions of the presidential decree Perpres 65/2006. The use of
Perpres 65/2006 has a controversial history in Indonesia resulting in project affected persons (PAPs)
refusing to relocate and riots. It is not a popular regulation amongst public officials or infrastructure
developers, who tend to avoid its use where possible.
Perpres 65/2006 is expected to be replaced by a national law on Land Acquisition in the Public Interest
which is currently being drafted and championed by the President3. This law, whilst still specifying
_________________________
3 Source: Drafting Committee for the Land Acquisition Law
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procedures for use of eminent domain, is expected to be more participatory than Perpres 65/2006 and
more aligned with best practice for land expropriation, as exemplified in WB OP 4.12.
PGE commits to employing expropriation and the use of the principle of eminent domain only as a last
resort in the unlikely event of failure to negotiate a settlement and to identify a viable alternative site. If
PGE decides to exercise this right, the approach used will be fully compliant with provisions of the
prevailing law on Land Acquisition in the Public Interest and adjusted to ensure compliance with World
Bank OP 4.12. This approach is described in more detail below.
C.2.2. PGE’s Land Acquisition Principles
As stated in their internal policy document on ‘Land Acquisition for Geothermal Exploration and
Exploitation’ (No. B-001/PGE500/2008-S0), which this documents complements, PGE adopts the following
principles which are consistent with international best practice when undertaking land acquisition:
a. PGE will ensure that compensation is paid based on replacement value which takes into account
prevalent market prices as determined through consultation with affected persons (owners) and
agreement with village heads along with transaction costs to enable all affected land owners to
replace their affected assets.
b. PGE will acquire land that is free of any encumbrances and to the extent possible does not affect
any households other than the land owners. Where this is not possible, land users, whether titled or
not, will be compensated, especially leaseholders and shareholders.
c. Land acquisition for development shall involve public participation commencing from the planning
stage of development through to execution and the post-acquisition of land stage – all negotiations
with the land owners and users will be carried out collectively in an accessible location, and in the
presence of village heads and community leaders, in an open and consultative manner without any
coercion and with sufficient time for consideration of offers.
d. Owners are free to refuse to sell their land or to refuse PGE’s offers. If negotiations fail, an
alternative site is selected and the process begins again.
e. When negotiations are completed, inventories of affected land and other fixed assets are prepared in
consultation with affected land owners and a copy of the same is to be given to each land owner.
f. The negotiated amount will be paid within one month after all necessary documents required for the
land acquisition process have been completed by the land owners.
g. All market analysis, negotiation and other consultation proceedings will be documented and the
agreement for sale and purchase of land will be signed by the negotiating parties in the presence of
PPAT (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah) and the village head or community leaders.
h. In the unlikely case where expropriation is pursued, it will be done in such a way to ensure that the
PAPs’ pre-project standard of living is improved and at a minimum restored.
i. Perpres 65/2006 or the anticipated new law on Land Acquisition in the Public Interest (‘eminent
domain’) will not be used for any land acquisition except in cases where direct negotiations with the
land owners on a ‘willing buyer-willing seller’ basis fails AND, alternative sites cannot be identified
for technical reasons without resulting in significant project component cost increases.
This process aims to be transparent, consultative, fair, and open.
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C.2.3. PGE’s Institutional Management of Land Acquisition
At the corporate level, land acquisition for geothermal projects is headed by the Vice President of Support
Services at PGE4, who is responsible for guiding the Land Acquisition Teams (LAT) that are established for
each project. Each LAT is comprised of staff with the required skills representing the following
departments: Legal, Finance, Planning and Management; plus the Project Manager or General Manager
for each respective geothermal field. In practice, the Project Manager or General Manager will be assisted
by other staff such as Public Relations Officers with good communication skills, who are respected and
sought out by local residents and officials in relation to land acquisition and compensation.
In addition to the LAT, a Corporate Secretary helps coordinate between different PGE departments and
follows-up on the decisions taken in meetings. The roles and responsibilities of each member of the LAT
are clearly defined in the Pertamina’s internal order Prin-1062/PGE000/2007-S8, particularly regarding
decision-making and documentation.
The project LAT working in the field reports back to the corporate level at two points in the process, and
possibly a third as well:
a. First, after completing the topographical survey and market research, and reaching the decision that
local people are amenable to selling, the team reports on the process and proposes compensation
levels which are reviewed and endorsed by the corporate level. At this time, funds to make
payments should be ring fenced.
b. Second, if local owners insist on prices significantly higher than the range agreed by the corporate
team, the project team refers to the corporate level for guidance.
c. Finally, once negotiations are concluded and final agreements are signed by individual owners, the
corporate level arranges budget approval to release funds for payment.
In the highly unlikely event that eminent domain is sought and expropriation is followed, PGE personnel will
participate in the District Land Acquisition Committee (DLAC) in accordance with Perpres 65/2006 as
described below (see Section C.2.5).
C.2.4. Negotiated Settlement Land Acquisition Procedure
The Project LAT goes through at least twelve distinct steps in the negotiated settlement land acquisition
process. They are described below.
C.2.4.1. Site Selection
Based on technical investigations, PGE selects a potential site and prepares preliminary designs that
indicate the likely location of platforms (clusters), roads, and other major characteristics. Meetings are held
with kecamatan (sub-district) and village officials to discuss preliminary designs and potential sites.
C.2.4.2. Initial Socialization (consultation)
Kecamatan and village officials conduct village level meetings to acquaint villagers with the nature of the
investment and the implications of construction for land acquisition, traffic, and other factors and discuss
_________________________
4 Meanwhile, in the Vice President’s absence, the Corporate Secretary will take this responsibility
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potential benefits and impacts. These public information and dissemination meetings are generally held in
all villages in the kecamatan, beyond the immediate range of impact.
C.2.4.3. Topographical Survey
The project carries out a detailed topographical survey and mapping of the project area to pinpoint cluster
sites, roads, and other elements. An inventory of typical above-ground assets (crops, trees) is mapped on
cadastral maps to identify affected households.
C.2.4.4. Market Analysis
While the land survey and inventory are underway, PGE also obtains information on prevalent market
prices for the types of land, structures, trees and crops in the area. These prices are established though
consultation and agreement with village heads on both formal and informal (undocumented) market
transactions. Information on NJOP prices for land is collected from the village office. Information on
prevalent market prices is obtained by gathering information on both formal and informal (undocumented)
market transactions from discussions with local officials such as village heads.
C.2.4.5. Consultation with Affected Households
Staff approach members of affected households to discuss their willingness to sell the land required,
acquaint them with steps in the purchase process and, if the owners are amenable, prepare them for the
inventory and negotiations. Details of the grievance mechanism should also be made available to PAPs at
this point. Once the formal Grievance Mechanism is adopted, an outline of it will be distributed in each
discussion.
C.2.4.6. Submission of Land Acquisition Plan
Staff compile topographical, market and landholding data together with inventory estimates and submit a
report to the corporate office that proposes compensation levels and seeks endorsement.
C.2.4.7. Negotiations
Once the corporate office grants clearance of the Land Acquisition Plan, which should take approximately
one week, PGE staff start contacting land owners, individually and in groups to organize public meetings
prior to negotiations. It may take from one to three weeks to arrange public meetings, depending on how
difficult it is to contact all the land owners. The lag time between the first contact and the meeting provides
land owners with the opportunity to obtain information on prices and prepare themselves for negotiations.
All negotiations with the land owners are carried out collectively, and in the presence of village heads and
community leaders, in an open and consultative manner without coercion.
PGE starts negotiation sessions by providing information about the assets likely to be acquired for the
Project and then requests land owners for their asking prices for land per square metre. PGE then reviews
the offers and makes a counter offer, usually corresponding to the lowest requested price levels. Owners
are invited to discuss the offer among themselves and the next meeting is convened when owners are
ready for further discussion. Negotiation usually takes two to five rounds depending on the complexity of
the issues.
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Once the land price is set, the unit price of other assets is also negotiated and these discussions are
generally easier to conclude. Once PGE and the owners agree on prices of both land and other assets and
negotiations are concluded, minutes of negotiations are prepared and signed by project staff, the village
head and other community leaders. The list of participants is signed by all present as confirmation of their
concurrence with the agreed prices.
In the event that the asking prices by land owners is significantly higher than the range provided by the
LAT, the matter is referred back to the Corporate LAT for further guidance and possible approval of
alternate rates. Ultimately, owners are free to decline the offer made by PGE and to decline to sell their
land for the Project.
When it is clear that land owners decide to not sell their land to PGE either due to disagreement over the
rates or for other personal reasons, PGE will make efforts to change the project design and find alternative
land parcels that meet project needs. Geothermal development normally requires several clusters of land
parcels of varying sizes often at some distance from each other, instead of one contiguous large plot.
Therefore, PGE has the flexibility to revise their project designs and change the location of the land that
needs to be acquired. PGE re-located proposed Platforms A and C in Ulubelu when negotiations failed for
the original sites; and the design of one platform in Lahendong was revised to exclude one parcel when the
owner could not provide the documentation needed to conclude a transaction.
If an alternative site cannot be identified due to technical reasons that would result in significant cost over-
runs, PGE may decide to pursue expropriation and exercise ‘eminent domain’ as a last resort. Additional
steps are required to ensure expropriation is done in accordance with Indonesian law and World Bank
OP 4.12, as specified in Section C.2.5 below. It should be reiterated, however, that PGE has no intention
of resorting to expropriation.
C.2.4.8. Inventory of Individual Household Assets
Once agreement on land and asset unit prices is reached between the PAPs and PGE, PGE staff meet
with each owner to make a thorough inventory of household assets. This includes all standing crops, trees
and structures. Prices vary according to the age and productivity of the trees. Where possible, evidence
regarding age and productivity is provided. The inventory is signed by both parties with witnesses.
C.2.4.9. Individual Agreements
Based on the results of the topographical survey, the household inventory and prices established in the
common agreement, PGE drafts a separate purchase agreement with each household, clarifying the
responsibilities of each party for reaching a final settlement. Both parties sign the agreement.
C.2.4.10. Owners Submit Documentation
When the agreement is concluded, the owners are required to submit their land certificates as proof of
ownership to PGE to process revisions of land titles.
C.2.4.11. Payment by PGE
PGE is expected to pay compensation within a month of receiving the owners’ documents. It takes two or
three weeks for PGE to obtain budget approval from the corporate office and payments are usually prompt.
PGE makes payments in cash at its offices, witnessed by the head of the village. Each owner signs a
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standard agreement that all payments are made and the owner has no further claims over the land and
assets sold to PGE. In addition, owners and PGE jointly sign documents to submit to the BPN to transfer
title for the land.
Villagers have the option of receiving payment in cash or direct deposit in a bank account. To ensure
women are not subjected to pressure or harassment to sign over their rights or relinquish their entitlement
no payment will be made for compensation to a female PAP to a bank account other than one that is
opened specifically for her as the sole account holder.
C.2.4.12. PGE Transfers Revised Letters to Owners
As the final step in the process, PGE processes the transfer of title at BPN and the Camat (sub-district)
issues a revised land letter indicating the change in land ownership. This is in effect a revised title, rather
than a new title that is issued after the transaction. The revised letter refers to the original plot and
indicates the part of the plot that has been transferred to PGE and the amount still held by the owner.
PAPs will be given one month to vacate the land or sufficient time to collect the last harvest, whichever is
the longest.
C.2.5. Resettlement Planning when Expropriation is Required
C.2.5.1. Overview
Following failure to negotiate a settlement or identify an alternative site during PGE’s Land Acquisition
Principles outlined in Section C.2.2 above, PGE has the option to expropriate land using Perpres 65/2006
or the new law on Land Acquisition in the Public Interest once it is enacted. When this occurs, PGE will
notify the Bank of its intent to expropriate land and will decide jointly on the appropriate resettlement
instrument to use. If PGE decides to request expropriation, in addition to the field steps taken under the
negotiated settlement, PGE will undertake resettlement planning and implementation in accordance with
WB OP 4.12 and aligned with the prevailing laws relating to Land Acquisition in the Public Interest5. In
addition, if PGE determines in advance that a specific site is required, regardless of the outcome of
negotiations, it will notify the World Bank immediately and prepare a resettlement plan in accordance with
OP 4.12, prior to beginning negotiations.
C.2.5.2. Planning for Expropriation and/or Resettlement
This section outlines the preparatory stages required prior to expropriation or resettlement taking place.
These include: information about how to decide on an appropriate resettlement instrument; the process for
preparing resettlement plans; the eligibility criteria for compensation; an entitlement matrix to ensure fair
compensation for all PAPs; the institutional and legal framework; methods for the evaluation of assets; a
description of the implementation process; a grievance redress mechanism; the arrangements for funding
of resettlement; consultation mechanisms; and arrangements for monitoring of the resettlement process.
_________________________
5 If the project is still in effect when the law is changed, PGE will revise this document to update legal provisions and assure
compliance with OP 4.12 and submit it to the Bank for approval
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C.2.5.3. Resettlement Planning Instruments
Selecting an appropriate resettlement tool is important. There are two main resettlement planning
instruments for project impacts, namely an abbreviated resettlement action plan (ARAP) which is
acceptable if fewer than 200 PAPs are affected, or if more than 200 people are affected but land acquisition
is minor (10 percent or less of all productive assets of the affected households is taken) and no physical
relocation is involved. A full resettlement action plan (RAP) is required when land acquisition affects more
than 200 people, takes more than 10 percent of household productive assets, and involves physical
relocation. For both types of resettlement plan, preliminary notification that the land is needed for public
purposes will be required.
Full details on the requirements of both an ARAP and a RAP are shown in C.5. There are no fundamental
differences in terms of achieving objectives of equality and compensating social cost; however there are
some procedural differences between an ARAP and RAP. The RAP is more detailed and takes longer to
complete. A RAP needs to include a review of the legal and institutional framework (such as is provided
within this document) whereas an ARAP does not. An ARAP can be based on an asset census with each
PAP household while a RAP requires both an asset census and a community socio-economic survey to
provide a monitoring benchmark for understanding how PAPs’ socio-economic conditions have changed.
The socio-economic survey generally covers one in every four households where PAPs live. It will draw
accurate information and help identify likely impacts of displacement based on a quantitative as well as
qualitative assessment. It also helps with the stakeholder analysis by identifying different categories and
groups, sectors and population involved and analysing the particular ways they are going to be affected. It
provides a useful baseline for evaluating income restoration and ensuring that PAPs are returned to at least
pre-project standards of living.
The RAP also needs to address provisional resettlement arrangements, if relevant, (which may include
transport arrangement and temporary accommodation if needed), livelihood restoration and community
access to service provision as well as land and housing provision.
The Project Land Acquisition Team at PGE will be responsible for coordinating the production of the
appropriate resettlement planning instrument and for ensuring its implementation. The following
procedures and considerations are expected to be part of the resettlement planning and implementation
monitoring processes.
C.2.5.4. Managing Gender Considerations
Women have important economic roles in project areas, particularly in farming, and the quantity and quality
of water significantly affects their well-being. PGE’s sub-projects will pay particular attention to ensure
women’s needs and perspectives are addressed in entitlement packages and to ensure the impact on them
as well as vulnerable groups is monitored and evaluated. Women will be major participants in the
consultation processes to determine and negotiate for compensation entitlements and implement the
resettlement plans. Where the PAP census identifies women headed households, these will be clearly
listed as beneficiaries of compensation and rehabilitation activities. To address gender issues, the
following actions have been identified:
� Collect gender disaggregated data;
� Include female surveyors in the household survey team;
� Have women only focus group discussions; and,
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� Have monitoring indicators and evaluation questions related to how women’s and other vulnerable
groups needs have been addressed in resettlement implementation.
Vulnerable groups that have been identified include the elderly, the disabled or those with long term health
problems, and those who are untitled.
C.2.5.5. Establishment of the District Land Acquisition Committee (DLAC)
The District Land Acquisition Committee (DLAC) will be established as stipulated by Presidential Decree
Kepres 65/2006, to manage all aspects of the expropriation process in an open, transparent and
participatory manner. The DLAC will comprise of the:
� Bupati (Head of District Administration) who will chair the DLAC;
� District administration land agency representatives (secretary);
� Project affected village head;
� PAP representatives: a minimum of two representatives - one male and one female; and a suggested
one for every fifty PAPs; and
� PGE Land Acquisition Team Leaders.
The DLAC will be responsible for overseeing all of the expropriation activities specified in detail below
including:
� Public consultation and disclosure (socialisation) with PAPs;
� Household socio-economic and asset census surveys;
� Research on the legal status of the plots of land;
� Facilitation of deliberation (musyawarah) between PGE and the PAP with regard to the type of impacts,
form of compensation, appraisal of compensation, and appointment of the appraising agency;
� Preparation and issue of official monitoring reports with regard to the payment of compensation for land,
buildings, plants, and other objects thereon and release of title to land; and
� Administration and documentation of all files on the expropriation process and provision of legalized
copies of the original documents to the district/city land office.
C.2.5.6. Disclosure, Consultation (Socialisation) and Deliberation (‘Musyawarah’)
The DLAC shall disclose information about the Project and land acquisition process via a public information
booklet to the PAPs and the village leader explaining the development proposal, the results of the
topographical survey, the failure of the negotiations discussed in Section C.2.4.7, the reasons for pursuing
expropriation, the expropriation process moving forward, and the legal rights of the PAP under this
framework. This information will be disclosed in the appropriate local language and in non-technical terms,
taking into account literacy levels. The date of distribution of the public information booklet to PAPs shall
be the cut-off date for eligibility for entitlements under the expropriation process (see Section C.2.5.10).
The booklet will contain contact information—names, addresses, phone numbers—for those who wish to
raise queries or grievances (see Section C.2.5.16 below). PGE will retain documentation of the receipt of
the information by each PAP.
The DLAC together with PGE will meet with PAPs in order to disclose information about the process and to
deliberate the compensation and income restoration entitlements. This may be conducted several times as
required. In addition to the PAPs, deliberation must also involve the Appraising Agency (as discussed in
Section C.2.5.7 below) to ensure exchange of accurate information from the initial stage on the appraisal of
compensation and to prevent speculation on unit prices. Efforts will be made to minimise speculation by
having a transparent and inclusive decision on land rates, by using as much concrete, recent data as
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possible, and by not allowing for the implementation schedule to be delayed, therefore reducing the amount
of time available for speculation to occur. The DLAC will ensure female representation to discuss issues
with female PAPs.
C.2.5.7. Organising Independent Assessment
The DLAC can establish a local assessment group or acquire the services of an appraising agency that has
obtained the required license from the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia to act as an
Independent Assessor. The appointment of independent assessor should be agreed in principle by the
PAPs. The appraising agency shall clearly define in writing and inform affected persons of the proposed
valuation methods prior to beginning the appraisal. Whether a local assessment group is established or an
appraising agency is used, the valuation process is to be guided by the principle that the livelihood of the
people affected by the land acquisition shall be better off or at least equal to their condition before the land
acquisition. Valuation methods need to reflect use of replacement cost as the main basis for appraisal of
physical and economic displacement.
C.2.5.8. Socio-economic and Asset Census of Project Affected Persons (PAPs)
For a full resettlement action plan, a socio-economic baseline measurement of the PAPs pre-project
standard of living is required. A sample of twenty-five percent of local households must be surveyed to
determine baseline household composition and socio-economic status in terms of health, education,
livelihood, income, expenditure and vulnerability to impoverishment risks.
In addition an asset census for those who will be directly affected and suffer losses must be undertaken
with one hundred percent of PAPs for both abbreviated and full resettlement action plans. Gender-
disaggregated socioeconomic and asset census information for PAPs and local households will be included
in a database for reference and livelihood/income restoration monitoring purposes, particularly for
vulnerable or severely affected PAPs (see Section C.2.5.15 below).
Census information will cover, but is not limited to covering:
� Aggregate number of individuals and households;
� Age, gender, occupation of every individual;
� Ownership of personal property including structures, land, crops on land, other assets such as livestock,
wells, trees, fishing equipment;
� Use of public and common property including land, structures and facilities, and infrastructures; and
� Income sources including farm and natural environment-based income, off-farm labour or employment,
informal sector activities, remuneration from other family members.
During the census, detailed measurements of assets, including land plots, standing crops, in some cases
trees, structures, houses, and equipment will be taken to help value them. Sketches and photographs will
be used to record land use and assist in asset valuation.
C.2.5.9. Eligibility and Entitlements
Based on the results of the asset census, the entitlement package for each PAP will be prepared. The
entitlement matrix below (Table C.1) addresses loss of agriculture, non-agricultural, commercial, residential
land, crops, trees, and commercial, residential or other structures and community infrastructure.
Temporary losses are also reflected in the entitlement matrix.
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C.2.5.10. Eligibility Criteria
For the purposes of this framework, a PAP will include:
� any person or household adversely affected by acquisition of assets or change in use of land due to
PGE’s operations;
� any vulnerable and affected person including women, destitute, artisans, tribal communities, squatters,
and those with usufruct rights, poverty groups depending for livelihood upon the land to be acquired by
the project; and
� any other person who may prove and establish his/her right as an affected person to the satisfaction of
the PGE’s Director General of Projects.
Compensation eligibility will be limited by a cut-off date to be set for each subproject as the day of the
distribution of the PAP information booklet. PAPs who settle in the affected areas after the cut-off date will
not be eligible for compensation. They will be given sufficient advance notice to vacate premises and
dismantle affected structures prior to project implementation. Dismantled structures materials will not be
confiscated and ineligible PAPs will not pay any fine or suffer any sanction if completed in the requested
time period.
Those entitled to receive compensation shall be:
� Holders of titles to land whether with certificates or without certificates;
� Customary law community members whose communal land is used for development;
� Nadzir for wakaf land;
� State land users;
� Owners of buildings, plants, or other objects related thereto;
� PAPs dependent on use of affected land for their livelihoods as well as business owners or employees;
and
� Other land users who may not be living on the land but may have been using its resources and now will
suffer from restrictions on that land use.
C.2.5.11. Compensation
The compensation, as in the procedures for negotiated settlement (see Section C.2.4), may be in the form
of:
� Replacement land (for instance where there is complete loss of a landholding, an equivalent area of
land with similar characteristics will be provided as an option to cash compensation); and/or
� Replacement shelter or structure (for instance where the main residence is lost, housing with similar
amenity will be provided as an option to cash compensation); and/or
� Money (allowances in addition to compensation for permanent losses can include cash assistance for
land preparation, transition allowances, transport allowance for shifting to a new location, and
allowances to cover repair cost of the remaining structure); and/or
� Income and livelihood restoration measures (see Section C.2.5.14 below).
If land is not directly replaced, cash compensation is to be based on replacement value taking into account
current market values or productive potential, and inclusive of all administrative fees and taxes and other
transaction costs, including moving costs.
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C.2.5.12. Determining Entitlements to Compensation
Based on the results of the asset census, the entitlement package for each PAP will be prepared. The
entitlement matrix below addresses loss of agriculture, non-agricultural, commercial, residential land, crops,
trees, and commercial, residential or other structures and community infrastructure. Temporary losses are
also reflected in the entitlement matrix. Entitlement packages are classified in terms of category of loss
rather than category of person affected as each category of person may suffer more than one loss. Table
C.1 below presents the Entitlement Matrix.
Table C.1: Entitlement Matrix
Type of Loss
Application Category of PAP Compensation Entitlements
Owner: a person with legal title/registration of land ownership (including customary and traditional rights recognised under the laws of Indonesia)
Full replacement cost (Market Value) and relocation allowance.
Tenant Cash compensation for above ground assets and relocation allowance. Owner/Tenant agreements apply.
1. Permanent agricultural land loss
PAPs losing agricultural land
Encroachers (unofficial users of agricultural land)
Cash compensation for above ground assets and relocation allowance.
Owner: a person with legal title/registration of land ownership (including customary and traditional rights recognised under the laws of Indonesia)
Full replacement cost (Market Value) and relocation allowance.
Tenant Relocation allowance.
2. Permanent residential land loss
PAPs losing their residential land
Squatters (unofficial users of residential land)
Relocation allowance.
Owner: a person with legal title/registration of land ownership (including customary and traditional rights recognised under the laws of Indonesia)
Full replacement cost (Market Value), relocation allowance (see item 12) and compensation for temporary income loss.
Tenant Relocation allowance (see item 12), compensation for temporary income loss.
3. Permanent commercial land loss
PAPs losing their commercial land
Squatters (unofficial users of commercial land)
Relocation allowance (see item 12), compensation for temporary income loss.
Owner: a person with legal title/registration of land ownership (including customary and traditional rights recognised under the laws of Indonesia)
Cash compensation for rent or plot rehabilitation equivalent to 1/10th of land market value.
4. Temporary land loss
Land used temporarily during construction of transmission lines
Tenant/Unofficial user Cash compensation lump sum equivalent to 1/10th of land market value shared between land users as per proportions.
5. Residential building loss
Loss of residential buildings
Owner: a person with legal title/registration of ownership
Cash compensation for residential building at replacement value based on market price free of depreciation/transaction costs and salvaged materials plus relocation allowance (see item 12).
Partial impacts will entail the compensation of the affected portion of the building plus repairs to return to at least pre-project standard.
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Type of Loss
Application Category of PAP Compensation Entitlements
Tenants/squatters in residential buildings who are identified in census
Relocation and severe impact allowance as below.
Owner of commercial or non-residential buildings/assets with registration or who is identified in census
Cash compensation for non-residential building and other fixed assets at replacement value based on market price free of depreciation/transaction costs and salvaged materials plus relocation allowance (see item 12).
Partial impacts will entail the compensation of the affected portion of the building plus repairs.
6. Commercial and non- residential buildings/ asset loss
Loss of commercial and non-residential buildings
Tenants/squatters in commercial or non-residential buildings/assets who are identified in census
Relocation and severe impact allowance as below.
7. Crop Losses
Standing crops affected
Owner of crop Advance notice to harvest last crop
Cash compensation to equal amount of market value of crop lost plus cost of replacement of seed based on Agriculture Department estimate.
8. Tree Losses
Trees affected Owner of tree Advance notice to harvest tree products. Salvage material free of cost.
Cash compensation to equal amount of market value of tree lost plus cost of replacement of seed based on Agriculture Department estimate taking into account type, age and productive value.
9. Income losses
Business or employment loss
All PAPs regardless of legal status For a permanent impact, cash compensation of one year net business income or salary.
For a temporary impact, cash compensation of net income or salary for the number of months of business or employment stoppage for a period of up to 1 year.
Assessment to be based on paper evidence or oral testimony and Village Head confirmation. At least government decreed minimum salary will be provided.
10. Community structures or public infrastructure losses
Including losses affecting public service and religious infrastructure
The public via leadership of the relevant authority
Reconstruction of lost structure in consultation with community. They will be fully replaced or rehabilitated so as to satisfy their pre-project functions taking into account any recognised new needs that could increase use or service levels.
11. Allowance for severe impacts
Rehabilitation assistance for PAPs with more than 10 percent of land holding affected or to be relocated
All severely affected PAPs including informal settlers and relocated tenants
For severe land impacts, an additional allowance equal to the market value of the land for one year.
For those being relocated, a rehabilitation allowance of equal to six months of average annual salary.
12. Allowance for relocation
Transport/ transition costs
All relocated PAPs including relocated renters
Provision of funds to cover transport costs and livelihood expenses for 1 month of average annual salary.
13. Allowance for especially vulnerable people
Rehabilitation assistance for PAPs considered especially vulnerable
‘Especially vulnerable’ include households headed by a single parent, woman or widow; include a pregnant woman or woman with a newly born child; have more than six dependent children; and have a family member who has a disability, long term illness (including mental illness), or who has mobility challenges.
Allowance equivalent to 6 months of average annual salary and employment priority for a household family member in project-related jobs.
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Type of Loss
Application Category of PAP Compensation Entitlements
14. Unforeseen impacts
Will be documented and mitigated or compensated based on the principles in this RPF.
C.2.5.13. Replacement Land or Shelter
Where land or shelter is replaced it should be of similar productive or amenity value. In particular, the
following screening criteria will be used for identifying relocation sites:
� the new site should not be within an environmentally sensitive area;
� the resettlement area should be within reach of infrastructure services such as water supply, electricity,
roads, hospitals, schools, etc;
� as far as possible, PAPs should be resettled within or close to their original settlement areas;
� there should be a sustainable source of water within 1 km of the site;
� the site should be large enough to accommodate PAPs and the public and social services provided
should be sufficient enough to cope with the revised population density;
� the site owners, users and PAPs should be consulted and invited to participate in the meetings and
activities related to resettlement;
� the project should secure legal title to the land for the PAPs who are resettled;
� the site boundaries and the land allocated for public service should be clearly marked, measured and
recorded;
� there should not be any natural or man made features on the site (e.g. swamps, water pipes, gullies,
bedrock, flood plains, graveyards, rock falls, steep cliffs, electricity pylons, etc) to obstruct construction
or cause danger to people, animals or building structures;
� the site must conform to the local development plan for the area or district; and
� utilisation of the site should not result in physical displacement of host site people, or the loss, denial or
restriction of their access to economic resources.
There shall be no deduction for depreciation or salvageable materials from partial or complete structural
losses.
C.2.5.14. Income and Livelihood Restoration
In some cases, income and livelihood restoration opportunities such as training and permanent
employment (minimum of three years), land preparation and access to credit may be provided in addition to
cash and land. Where PAPs need to be relocated from their homes and subsistence lifestyles were
practiced, income and livelihood restoration will be considered. It should be noted that no relocation is
anticipated at this point, thanks to the relative flexibility of PGE in terms of site locations.
The DLAC will consider the grievance and issue a response within seven days. If the PAP is not happy
with the compensation outcome they must submit their grievance to the District Court no later than 14 days
after the decision. The District Court’s decision is final. PGE will log and follow up grievances, reporting
every six months to the Bank.
Further details on the Grievance Mechanism are provided in the Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan
included in the Environmental and Social Impact Assessments prepared for each site.
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C.2.5.17. Land Possession
Payment of compensation of assets other than structures (land, crops, and trees) will need to be made at
least 15 days, and preferably 30, prior to actual possession of the space being utilised by the PAPs. In the
case of a grievance, the assessed/allocated amount of compensation will be pledged in the names of the
concerned PAPs, pending a decision. Civil works cannot commence until all compensations have been
paid and entitlements provided, with documentation of receipt by the PAPs.
C.2.5.18. Resettlement Budget and Financing
Each ARAP/RAP will provide a budget that includes:
� Unit compensation rates for losses and the number of units affected;
� Unit costs for relocation activities (transporting PAPs and assets, transfer fees, taxes, costs for
identifying new housing or land, temporary shelter, etc.) and number of units;
� Resettlement site preparation costs; and
� Income restoration and improvement costs including temporary income support, purchasing alternative
income generating assets, training, extension services, start up capital, etc.
PGE will pay PAPs in a timely fashion as per their procedures for paying those involved in negotiated
settlement (see Section C.2.4.11 for details).
The WB requires that the full costs of involuntary resettlement activities are included in the total project
cost. Resettlement activities need not be economically viable on their own but they should be cost
effective. PAPs will not bear the resettlement costs.
C.2.5.19. Implementation Process
Involuntary resettlement is a sensitive process that takes time. RAPs take more time than ARAPs and both
can take several months to follow the required processes and ensure involvement of appropriate
organisations. Table C.2 below provides the general process that each subproject should follow to address
resettlement impacts.
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Table C.2: Resettlement Plan Preparation and Implementation
Step Action Responsibility
A) ARAP/RAP PREPARATION
A1 Decide whether involuntary resettlement is an issue and, if so, what type of RAP is required LAT
A2 Establish the relevant DLAC PGE and Local authorities
A3 Identify independent assessor PGE and DLAC
A4 Establish system for channelling, logging and resolving grievances LAT
A5
Prepare surveys forms for household asset census and detailed measurement survey, train local survey teams, and establish coordination with relevant local government LAT
A6 Collect cadastral and land maps of area where there is involuntary resettlement LAT
A7 Verify land records in affected areas, update cadastral maps and carry out surveys LAT / Local government
A8 Conduct public consultations LAT / DLAC
A9 Negotiations with PAPs LAT / DLAC
A10 Integrate data from surveys, consultations and negotiations into the RAP LAT
A11 Submission of RAP to World Bank for approval LAT / World Bank
A12 Upon approval, issue formal notification about the particular land Local government
A13 Ring fence funds for RAP implementation, including contingency PGE
A14 Distribute RAP and its non-technical summary to stakeholders in an appropriate language, location and manner. LAT / DLAC
A15 Post on WB Infoshop World Bank
B) ARAP/RAP IMPLEMENTATION
B1 Inform PAPs where and when compensation will be paid along with project schedule and dates for vacating their premises LAT
B2 Disburse land and crop compensation and submit payment receipts to appropriate PGE finance department LAT / Local government
B3
Disburse other compensation, assistance and rehabilitation allowance and submit payment to appropriate PGE finance department DLAC / LAT
B4 Prepare new relocation sites as required LAT
B5 Finalise land transfer by demolishing and relocating affected structures and assets (if relevant) LAT / DLAC / Contractor
B6 Monitor and Document RAP implementation DLAC / LAT / Independent Assessor
B7 Issue notice to proceed with civil works DLAC / WB / PGE
B8 Internal monitoring with quarterly reports on RAP implementation DLAC
B9 External evaluation of RAP TBD
Key: LAT – Land Acquisition Team
DLAC - District Land Acquisition Committee
TBD – To be determined
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C.2.6. Monitoring and Reporting
C.2.6.1. Project Documentation
To facilitate monitoring of compliance with this policy framework, PGE will prepare, maintain and make the
following documentation available to the World Bank as evidence of the negotiated settlement land
acquisition process:
� Initial site description and land acquisition plan;
� Schedule of survey, socialization activities and inventory;
� Record of receipt by PAPs of information and cut-off date manual
� Land acquisition report - submitted for corporate agreement;
� Minutes of negotiation;
� Summary compensation data - land and other assets;
� Payment date; and
� Date of transfer of revised certificates to owners.
In cases where resettlement planning is required because expropriation is pursued as a last resort, a
resettlement plan (RAP or ARAP) and reporting will be required. The following additional documentation is
relevant:
� Description of the discussions and negotiations that have taken place prior to initiating the expropriation
process and the circumstances that led to the decision to expropriate;
� Entitlement matrix;
� Any anticipated outcomes that are expected to be different than the outcomes from the standard
negotiated settlement land acquisition process;
� Identification of all PAPs (gender and age disaggregated);
� Identification of vulnerable and severely affected PAPs, and provisions to address their status.
� Record of receipt by PAPs of information and cut-off date manual
� Changes in administrative procedures, assignment of responsibility to individuals, or compensation
rates or measures that will result from expropriation;
� Official monitoring reports with regard to the payment of compensation for land, buildings, plants, and
other objects thereon and release of title to land; and
� Reports on all of the activities specified in Section C.2.5 above, for example reports on socio-economic
and asset census, additional consultation, etc.
C.2.6.2. Monitoring and Evaluation of ARAPs and RAPs
Regular, for instance monthly, reports should track items such as:
� Information campaign and consultation with PAPs;
� Status of land acquisition and payments on land compensation;
� Compensation for affected structures and other assets;
� Relocation of PAPs;
� Payments for loss of income;
� Selection and distribution of replacement land areas;
� Income restoration activities; and
� Number and type of grievances received, how they are being addressed and when they have closed
out).
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PGE will need to produce a Final Land Acquisition and Resettlement Evaluation Report within four months
of the last resettlement activities being implemented, which can be used by World Bank supervision to
review and report on resettlement completion (called a RAP audit). It should provide a summary of
activities and amounts related to:
� Eligibility
� Valuation of property;
� Grievances;
� Losses and compensation;
� Income restoration;
� Consultation and participation of PAPs, especially women, the poor and the most vulnerable groups;
� Level of satisfaction of PAPs in the post resettlement period.
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C.3. Land Acquisition and Crop Compensation to Date (as of 1st January 2011)
C.3.1. Ulubelu 3 & 4
C.3.1.1. Land Acquisition
Ulubelu Geothermal is situated in an open basin that appears to be fully utilised for agriculture and
horticulture. The bottom of the basin is paddy land and the surrounding hills are planted with coffee, cocoa
and other tree crops, sometimes mixed with small vegetable and fodder plots, depending on the land
contours. Except for the paddy land, the terrain is rugged, with relatively steep hills and valleys. Although
the hillsides appear to be scrub forests, on closer look they are densely covered by tree crops. Villages are
located on natural terraces above the paddy land. Residences are concentrated in villages, although the
new roads have prompted linear development of housing and retail outlets beyond the traditional villages.
Several small shops (warung) have appeared recently around new construction sites. Land ownership is
fragmented and it is common for one family to own several pieces of land in different locations. Pertamina
initially established an operations centre at the edge of the paddy land, off the main road into the area.
Subsequent works have been located in the hills, however, deliberately avoiding the paddy land.
The Ulubelu project consists of eight platforms (clusters or groups of wells numbered A to H) on which a
number of either production or reinjection wells are drilled, pumping stations, connection roads, connection
pipes and two power plant sites (each of two units). PLN has purchased the land for Ulubelu Units 1&2
and construction is underway; PGE recently concluded acquisition of the land for implementation of Ulubelu
Units 3&4. The various clusters will be interconnected by steam pipelines to the respective power units.
Each cluster comprises two to six wells. Five of the clusters (B, C, D, G and H) will be used for steam
production and two (A and F) for steam reinjection. Cluster E wells are reportedly not good enough for
production and may be used as spare reinjection capacity.
Pertamina originally acquired land for exploration wells. With the establishment of PGE in 2006, PGE has
subsequently acquired land for Clusters A to H, Ulubelu Units 3&4 power plant and the road network used
for transport and interconnection pipes. The first acquisitions, Clusters A and B, were completed when
PGE was a division of Pertamina; the remaining purchases were carried out by PGE as a separate entity,
the last of which was concluded in December, 2010. To date, PGE has acquired a total of 46.44 ha in
Ulubelu to support the overall Ulubelu development (approximately 34.7 ha is relevant to the Ulubelu Units
3&4 project component scope). Neither the roads nor the earthworks restrict the villagers’ access to
housing or agricultural plots. The PGE roads have significantly improved communication within the project
area and between the local villages and other parts of the kecamatan.
Table C.3 summarises the land acquisition activities to date for Ulubelu Units 3&4 project components and
Units 1&2 (outside project component scope). It is important to note that certain well clusters serve both
power plants (although have dedicated wells to respective power plant), and have therefore been included
in both tables.
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Table C.3: Ulubelu Land Acquisition Undertaken for Main Project Components
Component Project Scope?
Area (m²) No. of Owners
Date Acquired
NJOP (Rp/m2)
Price Paid
(Rp/m2)(e)
Power Plant Units 1&2 (a) No NA NA NA NA NA
Water Pumping Station 1 Yes 260.00 1 May 13, 1997 NA 5,000
Well A1 (UBL-01) No
Well A2 (UBL-09) No
Well A3 (UBL-18) Yes
Wellpad Cluster A (Reinjection)
Well A4 (UBL-22) Yes
22,236.00 6 August 31,
2006 3,500
7,000 or 8,000
Well B1 (UBL-02) No
Well B2 (UBL-03) No
Well B3 (UBL-04) No
Well B4 (UBL-15) Yes
Wellpad Cluster B (Production)
Well B5 (UBL-16) No
52,144.00 (b)
37
August 31, 2006 and
September 2009
3,500
7,000 or 8,000 (2006)
and 12,500 or
20,000 (2009)
Well C1 (UBL-05) No
Well C2 (UBL-06) No
Well C3 (UBL-07) No Wellpad Cluster C
Well C4 (UBL-08) No
31,126.00 6 March 27,
2008 2,450 to 3,500
12,500 or 20,000
Well D1 (UBL-14) No
Well D2 (UBL-11) No
Well D3 (UBL-12) No Wellpad Cluster D
Well D4 (UBL-13) No
86,276.30 (b)
27
June 27, 2008 and
November 5, 2008
2,450 to 3,500
11,500 or 17,500
Well E1 (UBL-10) Yes Wellpad Cluster E (Production) Well E2 (UBL-20) Yes
47,046.55 (b)
16 November 5,
2008 2,450 to 3,500
11,500 or 17,500
Water Pumping Station 3 Yes 9,345.33
(c) 16
January 9, 2009
3,500 to 7,150
11,500 or 17,500
Production Pipeline Corridors Yes 5,253.63 15 January 9,
2009 3,500 to 7,150
12,500 or 20,000
Water Pumping Station 2 Yes 2,224.13 2 July, 2009 3,500 to 7,150
11,500 or 17,500
Well F1 (UBL-17) No
Well F2 (UBL-19) Yes Wellpad Cluster F (Reinjection)
Well F3 (UBL-21) Yes
31,115.68 (b)
9 September,
2009 3,500 to 7,150
12,500
Well G1 (UBL-23) Yes
Well G2 (UBL-24) Yes
Well G3 (UBL-25) Yes
Well G4 (UBL-26) Yes
Wellpad Cluster G (Production)
Well G5 (UBL-27) Yes
38,933.31 (b)
15 September,
2009 3,500 to 7,150
12,500 or 20,000
Well H1 (UBL-28) Yes
Well H2 (UBL-29) Yes
Well H3 (UBL-30) Yes
Wellpad Cluster H (Production)
Well H4 (UBL-31) Yes
56,442.38 (b) (d)
29 September 6,
2010 3,500 to 7,150
12,500 or 20,000
Power Plant Units 3&4 Yes 81,982.04 20 December 16, 2010
3,500 to 7,150
12,500 or 20,000
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Source: PGE Land Acquisition Team
Notes: (a) The site was being prepared for construction during the visit of the ESIA team in June 2010, but the exact size of the
affected area and number of affected people is not known by PGE.
(b) Includes area of road access.
(c) Includes land acquired for the water supply pipeline corridor.
(d) Area acquired for Cluster H includes brine and condensate pipeline corridors to reinjection Clusters A and F.
(e) When two price amounts are presented, the first refers to the price for plantation (kebun) and the second for paddy land
(sawah).
C.3.1.2. Crop Compensation
Table C.4 provides an example of crop compensation paid during the acquisition of Cluster C as part of the
overall Ulubelu development.
Table C.4: Agreed Tariffs for Crop Compensation– Ulubelu Cluster C
Plant Rp/tree
Coffee 20,000
Pepper 25,000
Cocoa 15,000
Sugar palm 50,000
Vanilla 25,000
Cloves 100,000
Others 25,000
C.3.2. Lahendong 5 & 6
C.3.2.1. Land Acquisition
The Tompaso area (within which Lahendong Units 5&6 are being developed) is located on a gently sloping,
slightly undulating plane below a volcanic ridge. The area is intensively cultivated with a mixture of grazing,
fodder, vegetables, tall grains and tree crops. Plots appear to be larger than at Ulubelu, with open fields
demarcated by rows of trees, including coconut palms, interspersed with more dense horticulture. Cattle
are grazed in small herds. Communication is easy within the area, as it is well-served by village roads.
There are two existing production platforms (clusters) in Tompaso and one injection platform in place. The
clusters will be interconnected by steam pipelines to allow operational flexibility. Each cluster comprises
two to five wells. The land for two of them (Cluster 27 close to Sendangan and Cluster 26 close to
Kanonang) was purchased in October 2006. The land for the Cluster 32 close to Tompaso II was
purchased in 2009. Additionally, there is a smaller area of land that was acquired at Pinabetengan for the
purposes of water abstraction / pump-station.
The production clusters are located on village roads, and the injection site is very close to a road, so PGE
did not need to acquire land for roads. PGE upgraded village roads leading to the sites and linking the
clusters. .
The clusters will be interconnected by pipelines to allow operational flexibility. Each cluster comprises two
to five wells. Table C.5 summarises the land acquisition activities to date for Lahendong Units 5 & 6, a total
of 15.18 ha to date.
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Table C.5: Lahendong Units 5 & 6 Land Acquisition Summary
Location Area (m2)
No. of Owners
Date Acquired
NJOP (Rp/m2)
Market Rate (Rp/m2)
Price Paid (Rp/m2)
Water Pump Station I 8,171.00 3 22 Feb. 2007 n.a. 15-30,000 30-31,000
Notes: ‘PC’ = Process Contribution; the predicted concentration caused by the Project (maximum of 3 meteorological years)
D.5.4. Conclusions
The results show that horizontal well testing is not predicted to cause exceedences of the WHO guideline
at receptors representing residential areas. The impacts of horizontal well testing emissions are concluded
to be ‘negligible’ to ‘moderate’ adverse at worst. The WHO guideline is predicted to be exceeded at the
maximum location of impact off-site. However, this does not occur at identified residential areas where the
guideline would apply. In addition, horizontal well testing is not predicted to result in exceedences of the
Ministry of Manpower’s occupational exposure limit either at on-site receptors or off-site receptors where
the limit would apply.
During normal operation, the Project is not predicted to cause any exceedences of the WHO guideline at
receptors which represent identified residential areas. The significance of the impact of H2S emissions
from the Project is concluded to be ‘negligible’ to ‘moderate’ adverse. Moderate adverse impacts occur
at those receptors where Process Contributions are above 25 percent of the WHO guideline, however, this
covers only a small area where residential receptors have been identified and predicted environmental
concentrations (including baseline concentrations) remain well below the WHO guideline. As
concentrations at all receptors remain well below the WHO guideline (less than 40% and typically 5 to 10%
of the guideline value), overall significance at receptors within the airshed is considered to be of ‘negligible
to low’ adverse significance using professional judgement and no H2S abatement is proposed. In addition,
emissions during normal operation are not predicted to result in exceedences of the Ministry of Manpower’s
occupational exposure limit either at on-site receptors or off-site receptors.
H2S concentrations within the Hutan Lindung and surrounding agricultural areas are predicted to be below
the adopted standard for the protection of acute foliar injury and therefore impacts are concluded to be
‘negligible’.
On the basis of the above, no mitigation measures are proposed to control H2S emissions. Requirements
for monitoring are set out in the following Section.
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D.6. Mitigation
D.6.1. Overview
As described above, no mitigation measures are required to control H2S emissions as predicted impacts
are not concluded to be significant. This is valid provided that the construction and implementation of the
project follows the parameters used for cooling tower heights and flow rates. Requirements for monitoring
during the operation of the Project are presented in the following Section (details of other mitigation
measures during construction and operation of the Project are presented in Volume II and the ESMP in
Volume IV).
D.6.2. Requirement for Monitoring
While the results of the assessment show that no exceedences of the WHO guidelines are expected at any
of the identified residential locations, some monitoring of ambient H2S outside of the Project site
boundaries will be undertaken for at least for the initial operations of the plant. A full description of the
proposed monitoring is provided within the ESMP, Volume IV. Equipment designed specifically to monitor
for 24-hour averaging periods is not readily available. A permanent continuous analyser enclosure (which
would provide hourly or sub-hourly estimates that could be averaged to 24-hours) is not recommended
given that concentrations at receptors are predicted to be low and the relative expense of such a solution.
However, hand-held H2S monitors are available which could be used as a substitute. In this case, the
hand-held monitoring could be affixed in a suitable location (e.g. at the property of the closest receptors) in
order to act as a permanent monitor. These units are self-contained, battery or mains powered and include
data loggers. At the relevant frequency, a representative from PGE will recover the hand-held monitor,
download the relevant data and replace for further monitoring. Ongoing calibration can be done in the field
but some initial training for PGE is required to undertake this, while the probe would be returned to the
equipment supplier/manufacturer annually or bi-annually for a full calibration and servicing as per the
manufacturer’s recommendations. These units have an applicable limit of detection in order to monitor
against the WHO guideline value for 24-hour exposure. Monitoring will be undertaken throughout the first
full year of operation simultaneously at the two nearest villages to the site (Tonsewer and Pinabetengen).
If concentrations are demonstrated to be below the WHO guidelines during the initial year period at both
locations, then further monitoring in subsequent years is unlikely to be required.
In accordance with the World Bank Group General EHS guidelines, the installation of a continuous H2S
monitoring and warning system within the Power Plant site during normal operation is required to ensure
compliance with the Ministry of Manpower occupational exposure limit. Although the modelling presented
above has not predicted that the occupational exposure limit will be exceeded, the monitoring is required to
ensure that elevated concentrations on a micro scale (such as the trapping of H2S within confined spaces)
and/or very short term abnormal operating or meteorological conditions do not lead to concentrations
above the standard.
The number and location of on site H2S monitors shall be determined based on an assessment of specific
individual plant and building locations prone to H2S emissions and occupational exposure once detailed
design information is finalised. The monitoring should be designed and implemented by accredited
professionals (accredited professionals may include nationally or internationally Certified Industrial
Hygienists, Registered Occupational Hygienists, or Certified Safety Professionals or their equivalent). In
addition, workers in locations with high risk of exposure on the power plant site or production well clusters
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(during horizontal well testing) shall be provided with personal H2S monitors, self-contained breathing
apparatus and emergency oxygen supplies, and training in their safe and effective use.
Periodic (bi-annual) monitoring of H2S concentrations at the cooling tower emission points are required by
national legislation. To supplement this, monthly H2S monitoring of the steam line serving the Power Plant
(data from which can be used as a proxy for calculating H2S emissions) is also required during
commissioning and operation. If a stable H2S content is achieved and surrogate calculations for cooling
tower emissions comply with the emission limit, the monitoring frequency can be decreased to quarterly.
This additional monitoring is necessary to capture potential short term fluctuations in H2S content which
could result in exceedences of the WHO 24 hour guideline.
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E.1. Glossary of Terms
Air Absorption The reduction in sound level due to atmospheric effects
Ambient Noise The total sound environment under a given set of circumstances
Annoyance A sensation of irritability or displeasure
Attenuation The reduction in sound pressure levels during transmission of sound
A-Weighting A filter capable of mimicking the frequency response of the human ear at 40-phons
Baseline The pre-existing noise conditions prior to the introduction of a noise source
Background Noise This is defined as the LA90 of the residual noise. The combined noise in an environment minus the presence of a specific noise contribution under measurement
Broadband A noise containing a wide range of frequencies
Character Single or multiple distinctive features to a given noise such as tone, impulse or whines
Daytime Defined as the hours 07:00 – 23:00 in the United Kingdom
Decibel (dB) Equal to one tenth of a Bel. Normally used to refer to sound pressure level, sound power level or sound intensity level
Decibel (dBA) Equal to one tenth of a Bel. Used to refer to sound pressure level, sound power level or sound intensity level that has been A-weighted
Directivity The directional characteristics of propagation from a noise source (as the emission characteristics may vary in intensity and frequency for different directions)
Dwelling A permanently or seasonally occupied residence
Emission Noise emitted by a source
Environmental Noise Unwanted or harmful outdoor noise generated by natural or manmade activities
Far-field
An area in free space at a significantly greater distance from a given sound source than the linear dimensions of the source, where the sound pressure level follows the inverse-square law (a decrease of 6 dB per doubling of distance from the noise source). The sound particle velocity is also in phase with the sound pressure in this area
Frequency The rate fluctuations that occur in a cyclical manner normally expressed as cycles per second in Hertz in the field of acoustics
Frequency Spectrum The range of noise frequencies audible (or inaudible) to the human ear
Appendix E. Noise Assessment Glossary
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Ground Absorption Reduction in sound caused by the interaction of the sound wave and the ground
Harmonic A frequency of repetitive configuration that is a multiple of the harmonic
Hertz The unit of measurement for frequency, equal to cycles per second
Industrial Noise A distinctive type of noise arising from sources of an industrial nature
Intermittent Noise A noise level that suddenly and continuously reduces to background noise levels several times during the period of observation
LA90 The A-weighted level of noise exceeded for 90% of the measurement time. Normally taken as the background noise level
LAeq A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level. A steady sound level that produces the same energy as the fluctuating sound level over the measured time interval
LAmax Maximum A-weighted sound pressure level occurring over the measured time interval
Leq The equivalent sound pressure level
L90 The un-weighted level of noise exceeded for 90% of the measured time interval
Level A term used to describe sound that has been converted into decibels
Low Frequency Noise Noise generally in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 200 Hz
Measurement Interval The period over which a noise measurement is made
Near-field
The part of a sound field, typically within two wavelengths of a noise source, where a simple relationship between sound level and distance does not exist, where sound pressure does not follow the inverse square law and particle velocity is not in phase with the sound pressure.
Night-time Defined as the hours 23:00 – 07:00 in the United Kingdom
Noise A sound that can be described as being unnecessary or unwanted
Noise Sensitive Receptor
Any dwelling house, hotel, hospital, educational establishment, or any other place of high amenity that requires the absence of noise at nuisance levels for proper use
Noise Nuisance Noise that interferes with the internal or external amenity of a property, for example
Octave The range between two frequencies with a ratio of 2:1
Octave Band Components of the frequency spectrum contained within two frequencies one octave apart
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Rating Level The specific noise level plus any adjustment for characteristic features
Receiver An individual or property in receipt of noise
Residual Noise The remaining ambient noise when a particular source of sound is suppressed to a degree that it does not contribute to the ambient noise
Screening An environmental or man-made barrier between noise source and receiver that interrupts the transmission path, reducing the received noise levels
Sound A sound is any form of disturbance that is transmitted in a flexible medium such as gas, liquid or a solid which causes pressure changes in the ear
Sound Level Meter
The instrumentation used to measure noise with a standardised frequency and exponential time weighting. There are many types used to measure various descriptions of sound. The measurement should be capable of accuracy and repeatability
Sound Power The rate of production of noise energy and is independent of environmental influences
Sound Power Level Ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the source sound power, W, to a standard reference power, Wref, of standardised value, 1 picowatt
Sound Pressure
The increase or decrease in the atmospheric pressure caused by a sound wave. It is dependent on both the sound power of the source and the surrounding acoustic features in the environment surrounding both source and receiver
Sound Pressure Level Ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the square of the ratio of the effective or root mean square of the sound pressure fluctuations, P, and a standard reference pressure, Pref, of 20 micropascals
Specific Noise Level The equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level at the assessment position produced by the specific noise source over a given measurement time interval
Specific Noise Source The noise source under investigation for assessing likelihood of complaint
Third Octave A frequency band where the frequencies have a ratio of 2 to the 1/3rd
power
Tone The acoustic energy at a particular frequency or within a narrow frequency band
Tonal The acoustic energy in a narrow frequency
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F.1. Introduction
This appendix provides an assessment of the likely impacts associated with the construction of the 2.7km
transmission line required to export electricity produced by the power station to the main electricity
transmission network. The transmission line is one of the components of the Project, as described in
Section 2 of the revised ESIA Volume II. PGE will be responsible for construction of the transmission line.
F.2. Project Description
Electricity generated at the power plant will be transmitted to the main electricity transmission network via a
150kV double circuit steel tower transmission line connected to the existing Kawangkoan substation
located approximately 2.7km away. The existing substation is owned and operated by PLN.
Currently the exact routing of the transmission line has not been determined and will depend on the
outcome of a route selection exercise that is being undertaken, taking into account issues raised during
consultation and agreements with any landowners likely to be affected. Figure 2.6 presented in Volume II
of the ESIA provides an illustration of the preliminary routeing of the transmission line along the road
connecting the power station to the substation.
Tower spanning is approximately 300m and therefore it is estimated that nine transmission towers will be
required to connect the power station to the substation. Each tower typically has a 20m by 20m footprint
and a line corridor width of 40m.
The construction of transmission lines will involve removal of vegetation along the alignment where
required, excavation for installation of towers, erection of towers, erection of substation equipment, civil
works related to the transmission line and line stringing. Securing rights of way for access to the
transmission towers and lines would form part of land acquisition / compensation negotiations through a fair
negotiated settlement.
The World Bank Group EHS Guidelines for Power Transmission and Distribution have been considered in
undertaking the assessment of the transmission line.
F.3. Baseline
If directly routed, the transmission line would have to pass through terrain comprising agricultural land
(adjacent to the power plant) consisting mostly of corn, tomato and peanut plantations as well as some
shrub land. Two houses (thought to be disused) are located along this direct route, as well as some
stables.
Any acquisition of land or compensation required along the route of the transmission line will be undertaken
through PGE’s standard willing buyer-willing seller process as set out in the Land Acquisition and
Resettlement Policy Framework.
Appendix F. Transmission line summary
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F.4. Assessment of Impacts
The environmental and social impacts associated with the construction phase are expected to occur as a
result of:
� Noise and dust from construction activities and the impact on wellbeing of any nearby residential areas.
This would be mitigated through construction best practice measures. Residual impact is low adverse.
� Land take for the siting of the transmission towers which may result in some agricultural land loss and
some disturbance to flora and fauna. The existing habitats are regarded as being of low or negligible
conservation value. The small area required for the tower bases will be acquired by PGE through a fair
negotiated settlement. In addition, compensation will be provided by PGE to secure the transmission
line Right of Way. The residual impact is assessed as being negligible.
� Temporary loss of crops or trees on agricultural land due to construction activity. The duration of this
impact is likely to be very short. Fair compensation will be paid for access to land. The residual impact is
assessed as being negligible.
The environmental and social impacts associated with the operation phase are expected to occur as a
result of:
� Landscape and visual impacts on the predominantly rural landscape. The transmission line is expected
to result in permanent visual intrusion on the landscape. These impacts could be mitigated through the
route selection process or consideration of alternative tower types or underground cabling. The residual
impact is assessed as being low to moderate adverse.
� Electro-magnetic fields EMF if the cables span above any residential buildings. There is little evidence
to link to community health effects. Avoiding stringing of lines directly over residential properties would
mitigate this effect. The residual impact is assessed as being negligible.
� Restrictions on land use (no structures, trees or vegetation above a certain height, etc) throughout the
right of way and provision of access for ongoing maintenance. PGE will provide compensation to
secure the rights of way for access to the transmission towers and lines. The residual impact is
assessed as being negligible.
Environmental and social impacts associated with the decommissioning phase are similar to those
identified for the construction phase.
F.5. Cumulative impacts and transboundary issues
No cumulative impacts or transboundary issues are anticipated as a result of the new transmission line.
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This revised ESIA provides an update to the draft ESIA that was disclosed from 7th October 2010. A
number of minor changes have been made to the text as part of the natural evolution of the ESIA process.
The principal changes that have been incorporated into this document are set out in Table G.1
Table G.1: ESIA Principal Changes
No. Relevant Section of Revised ESIA
Description of Changes Relevant Section of Draft ESIA
1 Volume I Updated to reflect the revised project description and revised impact assessments.
Volume I
2 Volume II, Section 2 Additional detail and clarity is provided on the description of the project. This includes the relocation of the power plant and the potential addition of three clusters. A summary of the Project components and their status is provided.
Volume II, Section 2
3 Volume II, Section 4 Additional explanation has been provided on which World Bank Operational Policies are triggered and which are not.
Volume II, Section 4
4 Volume II, Section 6 Inclusion of details of additional consultation activities undertaken in January 2011.
Volume II, Section 6; Volume III Appendix B
5 Volume II, Sections 7, 8 and 9
Minor changes to the nomenclature and structure of the baseline and impact assessment sections.
Volume II, Sections 7, 8 and 9
6 Volume II, Sections 7, 8 and 9
Changes to the social and environmental baseline and assessments to reflect updated Project description and the outputs from additional consultation activities.
Volume II, Sections 7, 8 and 9
7 Volume II, Section 9 The assessment of air emissions has been updated to reflect changes to the Project. The revised assessment predicts that there will be no exceedences of relevant guidelines, limits and standards.
Volume II, Section 9; Volume III, Appendix D
8 Volume II, Section 9 The assessment of noise has been updated to reflect changes to the Project. The revised assessment predicts that with the application of mitigation measures, there will be no exceedences of relevant guidelines, limits and standards.
Volume II, Section 9; Volume III, Appendix F
9 Volume III, Appendix B Updated Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan to capture activities undertaken as part of the revised ESIA.
Volume III, Appendix C
10 Volume III, Appendix C Updated Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework to reflect current status of the Project.
Volume III, Appendix D
11 Volume III, Appendix D The assessment of air emissions has been updated to reflect changes to the Project. The revised assessment predicts that there will be no exceedences of relevant guidelines, limits and standards
Volume III, Appendix E
12 Volume III, Appendix F Updated summary of the impacts of the transmission line. Volume II, Section 9
13 Volume III, Appendix G The inclusion of a change register to explain the key differences between the draft ESIA (dated September 2010) and this revised ESIA (dated February 2011).
Not applicable
14 Volume III, Appendix H The inclusion of a Joint Agreement between PGE and PLN regarding the construction of the transmission line
Not applicable
15 Volume III, Appendix I The inclusion of a Forestry Ministry Letter confirming that the Project lies outside of the Hutan Lindung
Not applicable
16 Volume III, Appendix J The inclusion of minutes from a meeting with the Ministry of Environment to discuss the odour standards relevant to assessment of H2S
Not applicable
17 Volume IV, Sections 4 and 5
The Environmental and Social Management Plan has been removed from Volumes II and III and forms the basis of Volume IV
Volume II, Section 10.5; Volume III Appendix H
Appendix G. Revised ESIA Change Register
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No. Relevant Section of Revised ESIA
Description of Changes Relevant Section of Draft ESIA
18 Volume IV, Sections 4 and 5
The Environmental and Social Management Plan separates the responsibilities for implementing actions between Project/Corporate and Institutional stakeholders
Volume II, Section 10.5 and 10.6
19 Volume IV, Section 6 Management Plans / Procedural Frameworks are incorporated into Volume IV
Volume III, Appendix G
20 Volume IV, Section 6 New Management Plans/Procedural Frameworks are included: Retrenchment Plan; Labour Grievance Mechanism Framework; and Framework Chance Finds Procedure
Not applicable
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H.1. Overview
The enclosed Joint Agreement between PGE and PLN is referenced in Volume II of the ESIA and includes relevant information in relation to transmission line construction.
Appendix H. PGE and PLN Joint Agreement
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I.1. Overview
The enclosed letter from the Ministry of Forestry (Directorate General of Forestry Planning for the Centre of Forest Area Region VI) is referenced in Volume II of the ESIA and is included by way of confirmation that the Project is located outside the Watershed Protection Forest (Hutan Lindung).
Appendix I. Forestry Ministry Letter
KEIUENTERIAN KEHUTANANDIREKTORAT JENDERAL PLANOLOGI KEHUTANAN
BALAI PEMANTAPAN KAWASAN IIUTAN WILAYAH VI MANADOJl. l? Agustus Kotak Pos 1322 Manado 95119
Te$. (M31) 852709 Fax.8410?5
2<! Ianuan 2MlNomorI-ampiranHal
s.4z fBPKtrv}.-alzotrI (satu) PetaHasil Telaahan lokasi Pengembangan
PLTPUnit5 dan6
KepadaYth.
Ketua Badan Konsultan Amdal Unsrat
diManado
Sehubungan dengan surat Saudara No. 03/AMDALw}}L1 Perihal lokasi pengembangan PLTP Unit 5 & 6
tanggal lg Januari 2011, dengan ini kami sampaikan hasil telaahan dengan peqielasan sebagai berikut :
1. Sesuai surat tersebut di atas, Saudara mengajukan permohonan analisis fungsi kawasan hutan berada dekat
dengan kedudukan lokasi kegiatan pengembangan lapangan uap dan PLTP di daerah Tompaso Kabupaten
Minahasa.
Z. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut di atas, maka berdasa*an hasil telaahan yang mengacu pada :
- peta Kawasan Hutan dan Perairan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Skata 1 : 250.000 No. Lembar 2417 (Lanpiran
Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan dan Perkebunan No.452ltrQts-M999 tgl 17 Juni 1999)
- peta Rupa Bumi Indonesia Lembar 241727 Skala 1 : 50.000 Edisi I Tahun 1991
- Peta Contour- Lahendong unit 5 dan 6
- Daftar kocrdinar kegiatan pengembangan lapangan uap dan PLTP rmit 5 dan 6 Tompaso,
diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut :
a. Seluruh titik pusat ke gratansesuai lampiran daftar koordinat terletak pada areal penggunaan lain (APL).
b. Berdasarkan hasil telaahan dimaksud area pada titik koordinat I seluas x 6,A2 ha, titik kordinat 3 seluas
t 9,67 ha serta lokasi pengembangan Kanonang seluas + 4,4O ha merupakan lokasi yang letaknya
berdekatan dengan kawasan HL. Gunung Soputan sebagaimana pada peta hasil telaahan terlampir.
3. Terkait dengan pengembangan Lapangan Uap dan PLTP Unit 5 dan 6 Lahendong Selatan selanjutnya
diharapkan agar memperhatikan batas kawasan hutan berdasarkan peta hasil telaahan dimaksud.
Demikian kami sampaikan, atas pertatiannya diucapkan terima kasih.
w MP
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J.1. Overview
The enclosed Ministry of Environment meeting minutes is referenced in both Volume II and Appendix A of this volume of the ESIA and is included by way of confirmation / interpretation regarding application of various Indonesian standards relating to H2S emissions.
Appendix J. Ministry of Environment Meeting Minutes