Lack of planning by Sayed El Houshy & Hamada Hassan

Presented by

Sayed S. El-Houshy Hamada G. Hassan

Master Degree StudentsHotel Studies Department

Faculty of Tourism and Hotels

Under the Supervision of

Dr. Osman Ahmed El-Said Lecturer in the Faculty of Tourism & Hotels

University of Alexandria

Lack of Planning & Its Impact on

The Future of Tourism : The Case

Study of Egypt

Outline

Introduction

Statement of the Problem

Research Questions and Objectives

The Concept of Tourism Planning

Levels of Tourism Planning

Lack of Planning Concept and forms

1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels 2

Outline

The Major Shortcomings of Tourism Planning

The Effects of Lack of Planning

Consequences of Lack of Tourism Planning

Case Study

Conclusion & Recommendations


Introduction

Tourism provides a major economic developmentopportunity for many countries.

Tourist planning is considered one of the mostimportant tools of contemporary development.

Failure to plan will damage the effectiveness of thecountry, destination, and organization.

Lack of planning soon leads to serious environmental and socio-cultural problems.

Many islands and coastal areas face various problemsfrom unplanned tourism development.


Statement of the Problem

Tourism activity is becoming more extensive and

more demanding of host communities, culture and

environment.

Hence, It is necessary for tourism planning to be

practiced in a fashion and appropriate way.

Insufficient (Or) lack of tourist planning brings many

problems to the local community.

What are the main shortcomings of tourism

development planning? and the impacts of lack of

planning on the future of tourism with special

reference to Egypt?1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels

5

Research Objectives

This study seeks to achieve FOUR main objectives:

1. Understanding the concept, definition and importance

of the TP.

2. Investigating the main issues and forms of poor

planning/lack of planning.

3. Proposing the main shortcomings of tourism planning

in Egypt.

4. Evaluating the main impacts of lack of planning on

tourism development. 1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels

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The Concept of Tourism

Planning

Tourism planning has become a specialized area withspecific techniques, principles, and models.

Planning is about setting and meeting objectives.

TP has been defined as a process that establishesdestination goals and tourism objectives based on researchand evaluation and creates a miss for accomplishing them.

It does NOT solely involve the number of touristsand their economic consequences.


Levels of Tourism Planning

TP is implemented at different levels from the general

level down to the local level.

1. International level

2. National level

3. Regional level

4. Local or community level

5. Site planning level

Tourism planning and development must be integrated

among ALL levels to AVOID duplication of efforts and

policies.


Lack of Planning Concept


Lack of

Planning

Poor

Planning Insufficien

t Planning

Unimplemente

d

Planning Unrestrict

ed

Planning

Planning

Deficiency

Lack of Planning Forms

Although the majority of countries have prepared

tourism development plans, many of these plans are

not implemented, and others are only “partially or

very partially implemented”

Many governments allowed the private sector to take

important decisions about tourism development in an

unrestricted and extensive planning.


The Major Shortcomings of Tourism

Planning


The common shortcomings of planning approaches

to tourism development;

Over-centralization of tourism planning

Tourism development planning is rigid and inflexible

Plans are not comprehensive enough and not prepared in an

integrated manner

Lack of a community based approach

Tourism development planning is dominantly supply-oriented

Tourism development planning is highly driven by the market

The plans are difficult to implement

Lack of consistency and continuity in planning policies


Planning




• The planning apparatus is highly centralized.

• 43.5 percent of 1,619 assorted tourism plans were

never implemented.

Over-centralization of tourism planning


Planning


The common shortcomings of planning approaches to tourism development;

The government is the ONLY authority to decide on the form and style of tourism development.

Hence, the flexibility of the planning process is reduced.

Problems during the implementation of centrally made will take some time to deal with rapidly changing circumstances.

Tourism development planning is rigid and inflexible


Planning




It is argued that there is a lack of integrated

planning in Egypt, where sectorial planning in

isolation dominates.

Lack of communication and interaction

between the local authorities.

Plans are not comprehensive enough and not prepared in an

integrated manner


Planning




There is a lack of political will to implement a

participatory tourism development approach.

Tourism continues to be driven by upper levels of

government rather than community interests

Lack of a community based approach


Planning


The common shortcomings of planning approaches to

tourism development;

Tourism planning was seen as a simplistic process of

encouraging new hotels to open.

The result is the superstructure of the industry has

reached a high level, infrastructure has NOT been

developed to the same extent.

Damage of natural resources in the regions that tourists

have come to see.

Tourism development planning is dominantly supply-oriented


Planning


The common shortcomings of planning approaches to tourism development;

Political inconsistency is one of the main problems of sustainable development.

As part of political traditions of favoritism, ministers replace the former personnel in their “territory” with new ones .

The change in government means re-ordering of priorities, changes in policies and personnel.

Lack of consistency and continuity in planning policies


Planning




Some tourism plans are not realistic enough to

cope with the real conditions.

Planning is perceived as a routine activity, which

must be done in certain periods.

Many statements are ONLY nice words in planning

documents.

The plans are difficult to implement

The Effects of Lack of Tourism

Planning

A. Physical Impacts

1. Damage of the physical environment

2. Damage of historical/cultural landmarks & resources

3. Overcrowding and congestion

4. Pollution

5. Traffic problems


B. Human Impacts1. Less accessibility to services and tourist attractions

2. Dislike of tourists by local residents (resentment).

3. Loss of cultural identities

4. Lack of awareness of the benefits of tourism to the destination area.

C. Marketing Impacts1. Failure to capitalize on new marketing opportunities

2. Erosion of market shares due to the actions of competitive destination areas.

3. Lack of a clear image of destination are in potential markets

4. Lack of cooperative advertising among individual operators.



Planning


Planning

D. Organizational Impacts

1. Lack of cooperation among individual operators2. Inadequate representation of the tourism industry’s

interest3. Lack of support from local public authorities.4. Failure to act upon important issues, problems.

E. Other Impacts

1. Lack of sufficient attractions and events2. High seasonality and short lengths of stay3. Poor or deteriorating quality of facilities and services4. Poor or inadequate travel information services


CASE

STUDY


Sharm El-Sheikh

Challenges Facing Tourism

Development As A Result Of

Poor Planning.

Introduction

South Sinai

In terms of economic development, South Sinai is a definite success story.

In less than twenty years, it represents over 20% of national tourism capacity and at least 25% of tourism’s contribution to the GDP.

Tens of thousands of jobs have been created and1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels

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Areas

Sharm el Sheikh

Dahab Nuweiba Ras Sudr Taba

Two key planning authorities active in the

development of the tourism sector ;

1. The Governorate of South Sinai

2. The Tourism Development Authority (TDA)

In the long term, there are indicative plans to

expand the region’s current hotel room capacity

from 48,000 rooms to 74,000 by 2017.


Cut-throat competition and loss of

quality

Tendency for hotel and resort operators to sell rooms at

considerable discounts.

Cutting of market price structures could be a serious

threat to sustained growth in South Sinai, especially

since it could discourage potential investors.

Indications that there is a loss of quality tourists, those

who are willing to pay for more than the cheapest

holiday tour.


Cleanliness in tourist areas

Solid waste collection from tourist establishments and towncenters is relatively efficient.

However, many areas, especially those which fall outsidethe town centers have scattered and uncollected garbage.

In addition, in most tourist areas and along tourist corridorsthere is a serious problem of un-disposed rubble andconstruction waste.

In fact, in the SSGEAP tourist opinion survey 15% of touristscomplained most about “waste and rubbish” as the leastenjoyable aspect of their visits to South Sinai.


Environmental Deterioration

In the Egyptian coastal areas it is reported that there has

been a 20 to 30% loss in live coral cover over 1987-96.

Uncontrolled tourism growth constitutes a major threat for

coral reefs.

The number of hotels in the Gulf of Aqaba has increased

from 5 in 1989 to 141 in 2006 while the number of hotel

rooms increased from 565 to more than 48,000.

Similarly around Hurghada the number of hotel rooms

increased from a few hundreds in 1989 to 35,000 in

2004 1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels 27

Cont.

73% of the coral along the Egyptian coast

has been damaged as a result of construction.


Cont.

In a survey made in 2004 to determine the top

motivations for foreigners to travel to South Sinai,

when tourists asked about the most enjoyed aspects of

their holydays they ranked;

o Coral reefs at the first place (73%),

o Climate (58%),

o Beauty of landscape (35%),

o Beaches (31%) and

o Accommodation, services and food (26%)


Conclusion

Lack of Tourism planning brings many problems to the localcommunity, such as: overcrowding, traffic congestion,superstructure, and socio-cultural deterioration.

Most of these problems can be attributed to insufficientplanning.

It is evident that tourism development, in Egypt, hasboth positive and negative effects

Unplanned and uncontrolled tourism growth can resultin an expensive deterioration of the environment.


Conclusion

In Egypt, although many plans have been designed at

national and regional level many of them have NOT

been implemented due to;

Unrealistic planning.

Egypt Lost a lot of its natural recourses due to;

Unrestricted Planning


Recommendations

1. Tourism planning processes should be flexible and adaptable; to cope with rapidly changing conditions and situations faced by a community.

2. Comprehensive tourism planning is needed to maximize the benefits and minimize the costs or disadvantages of tourism development.

3. The government should develop an appropriate method of planning by using the right mix and proportion of components of the contemporary approach.

4. Governmental institutions should assume a more active role in order to employ experts and knowledgeable professionals.


Recommendations

5. There must be a means of communication and

interaction between the local authorities.

6. The private sector should be encouraged to

undertake large-scale eco-tourism development

projects.

7. The development of Regional Action Plan for

conservation of coral reefs in the Red Sea, containing

priority actions and objectives.


Recommendations

8. The management of recreational activities should

give serious attention to environmental policies to

ensure protection of the coral reefs.

9. Local authorities MUST apply existing regulations,

and state authorities to control environmental laws.

10. Egypt should focus on tourism quality rather than

quantity.


Questions …. !

Lack of planning by Sayed El Houshy & Hamada Hassan

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