Electricity and New Energy Three-Phase Induction Motor Starters Courseware Sample 88197-F 0
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Electricity and New Energy
Three-Phase Induction Motor Starters
Courseware Sample88197-F 0
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© Festo Didactic 88197-10 III
Safety and Common Symbols
Caution, risk of danger
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Safety and Common Symbols
IV © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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© Festo Didactic 88197-10 V
Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
VI © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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© Festo Didactic 88197-10 VII
Preface
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Preface
VIII © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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© Festo Didactic 88197-10 IX
About This Manual
Manual objectives
Safety considerations
Prerequisite
DC Power Circuits Single-Phase AC Power Circuits Three-Phase AC Power Circuits Three-Phase Rotating Machines
Systems of units
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To the Instructor
Accuracy of measurements
Equipment installation
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Sample Exercise
Extracted from
the Student Manual
and the Instructor Guide
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© Festo Didactic 88197-10 7
Overcurrent protection. Overload protection.
Start up current. Consequences of extended large currents. Voltage sag.
Start-up torque.
Voltage output of a soft starter. Effect of the soft starter on the motorcurrent. Effect of the soft starter on the motor torque. Effect of the softstarter on the motor speed. How a soft starter controls voltage. Bypasscircuit. Types of soft starters.
Introduction
Direct-on-line starters
DOL Starters and Soft Starters
Exercise 1
E XERCISE OBJECTIVE
DISCUSSION OUTLINE
DISCUSSION
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
8 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Motor protections
Overcurrent protection
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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Overload protection
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
10 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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Motor start-up phenomena
Start up current
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
12 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Consequences of extended large currents
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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Voltage sag
Start-up torque
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
14 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Soft starters
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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Voltage output of a soft starter
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
16 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Effect of the soft starter on the motor current
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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Effect of the soft starter on the motor torque
Poly. (DOL)
Poly. (SS)
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
18 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Effect of the soft starter on the motor speed
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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How a soft starter controls voltage
Poly.
(Speed
DOL(rev/min))
Poly. (SS)
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
20 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
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Bypass circuit
Types of soft starters
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion
22 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure Outline
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Setup and connections
In this part of the exercise, you will connect your equipment as a DOL starter,configure parameters in LVDAC-EMS so that the Four-Quadrant
Dynamometer/Power Supply emulates a flywheel, and set the Oscilloscope toobserve the motor start-up current, torque, and speed.
Power Input
Power Input
Low Power Input PowerInput
PROCEDURE OUTLINE
PROCEDURE
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
24 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Operating Mode Dynamometer
Computer-Based Instrumentation ThyristorControl OK
Tools Friction CompensationCalibration OK OK
O I
I1
Current input I4 of the Data Acquisition and Control Interface is used tomonitor the motor current in order to protect the motor from overheating if
excessive currents flow through the stator windings. The range of current to beused for current input I4 is 40 A.
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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I1
I1
Sync.
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
26 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Digital Output 1 DO1 D + – Remote Control
Analog Outputs T n Analog Inputs /T /n Analog Outputs A
Function Mechanical Load
Load Type Flywheel
Inertia
Friction Torque
Pulley Ratio
Note that the pulley ratio between the Four-Quadrant PowerSupply/Dynamometer and the Four-Pole Squirrel Cage Induction Motoris 24:24.
Function Direct On-Line Starter
Motor Full Load Current [FLA]
Overload On
Overload Class
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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I1) Analog Input 7/T Analog Input 8/n Peak Detect
Starting an induction motor using a DOL starter
In this part of the exercise, you will start the motor using a DOL starter. You willrecord the motor current, torque, and speed at start-up and analyze the results.
Status Started Start/Stop
Single Refresh Start
The above manipulation must be performed rapidly to ensure that theOscilloscope records the entire evolution of the various parameters duringmotor start-up.
Stop
Since the Oscilloscope operates in peak detect mode and a slow time base isused, it displays the envelope of the motor current rather than its waveform.
Status Stopped Start/Stop
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
28 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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The maximal current obtained in step 22 is a peak value. Convert this peakvalue to an rms value before making the comparison.
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
30 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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Soft starter setup and settings
In this section, you will modify the equipment connections so as to replace theDOL starter with a soft starter.
I1
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
32 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
I1
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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Sync.
Digital Output 1 Remote Control
T and n Analog Outputs Analog Inputs 7/T 8/n
Digital Outputs Firing Control Inputs
Range I1
Function Soft Starter
Mode Soft Start
Motor Full Load Current [FLA]
Initial Torque
Start Time Soft Starter Initial Torque
Kick Start Time
Soft Stop
Overload On
Overload Class
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
34 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Starting an induction motor using a soft starter
In this part of the exercise, you will start the motor, still coupled to the samemechanical load used earlier in the exercise, using a soft starter. You will recordthe motor current, torque, and speed at start-up and analyze the results.
Single Refresh Start
The above manipulation must be performed rapidly to ensure the Oscilloscoperecords the entire evolution of the various parameters during motor start-up.
Stop
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure
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DOL starter versus soft starter
In this part of the exercise, you will compare the results you obtained with theDOL starter and the soft starter (for the same mechanical load) and try to deducewhat the advantages and limitations of each one are.
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Conclusion
38 © Festo Didactic 88197-10
Tools Reset to Default Friction Compensation Yes
CONCLUSION
REVIEW Q UESTIONS
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Exercise 1 – DOL Starters and Soft Starters Review Questions
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Bibliography
Foundations of Analog and Digital ElectronicCircuits
Industrial Power Engineering and Applications Handbook
Practical Variable Speed Drives and Power Electronics
The Induction Machine Handbook
Power Electronics Handbook
Electrical Machines, Drives and Power Systems
Power Conversion and Control of Wind Energy Systems