Laboratory Safety for Chemistry and Biology Updated Aug 2014

Michelle Salazar – Department of Environmental Health and Safety August 2013, revised January 2014 and August 2014

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All laboratory personnel are required to attend basic laboratory safety training through the Department of Environmental Health and Safety. ◦ Know how to access chemical-specific information.

◦ Be familiar with relevant emergency procedures

All laboratory personnel are required to attend Laboratory specific training through the Chemistry or Biology Department. ◦ Speak with your assigned instructor for the course.

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Team members and contact information: Director—Richard Costello (665-2903, MKCS 1.110) Facilities and Fire Safety—Saul Jauregui (665-2458, MKCS 1.106) Emergency Response/Business Continuity —Pablo Mendez (665-2658,

MKCS 1.113) Regional Academic Health Center—Juan Huerta (665-8995, RAHC

1.322) Environmental Protection —Robert Gilchrist (665-2904, MKCS 1.112) Risk Management—Celia Saenz (665-2902, MKCS 1.111) Laboratory Safety/Training—Michelle Salazar (665-7256, MKCS 1.114) Occupational Health and Safety/Asbestos – Forrest Taylor (665-2905,

MKCS) Support Staff – Michael Luna (665-3690, MKCS) DEHS Main Line: 665-3690

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Emergency Response and Business Continuity Program: Develops Procedures for Business Continuity and Crisis Management in the Event of an Emergency; Inspects Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs), First Aid Kits, Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations Environmental Protection and Asbestos Program: Ensures Protection of the Environment; Disposes of Hazardous Waste, Bio-Hazardous Waste, and Universal Waste; Prevents Unauthorized Water and Air Releases; Monitors Asbestos Abatement Activities (Construction, Maintenance and Operations) Waste Pick-Up: [email protected] Facilities and Fire Safety Program: Conducts Fire Drills; Inspects Facilities; Ensures National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Code Compliance (Inspects Alarms, Exit Signs and Lights, Fire Pumps, and Siren System); Provides Training in Fire Safety Laboratory Safety Program: Ensures Laboratory Safety Through Regular Inspections of Hazard Communication, Fire Safety, Waste Disposal, Inspection Records, Training Records, and Work Practices; Offers Laboratory Safety Trainings

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mailto:[email protected]

Occupational Health and Safety Program: Ensures Employee Safety; Monitors Indoor Air Quality; Ensures Animal Safety; Ensures Contractor Safety; Provides Instructions in Back Safety, Fall Protection, Hearing Conservation, Heat Stress, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Respiratory Protection and Other Topics Risk Management Program: Assesses Risk; Processes Workers’ Compensation Claims; Evaluates Insurance Policy Requirements for the Comprehensive Property Protection Plan (CPPP), Automobiles, Fine Arts, Equipment, and Various Sports and Non-Sports Camps Training Program: Offers Training Sessions in Hazard Communication, Bloodborne Pathogens, Food Safety, Driver Safety, Child Protection, First Aid/CPR/AED, and Other Topics

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Radiation Monitoring Chemical Spill Clean-Up Food Safety Advocates

Testing Emergency Shower Fire Extinguisher Training Waste Management

This Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard covers all employees who work with hazardous chemicals. ◦ UTPA extends this to students.

The purpose is to reduce injuries and illnesses related to chemical use.

The standard states that individuals who work with hazardous chemicals have the right to know the answers to these questions: ◦ What chemical substances are present in the products I handle? ◦ What health effects are these chemicals capable of causing in

the event of overexposure? ◦ What precautions are necessary to protect from exposure? ◦ What physical hazards (e.g., fire, explosion) are possible if the

product is not handled properly? ◦ How do I properly handle the product in order to avoid hazards?

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The next 8 slides will summarize 3 major laboratory accidents that have occurred in other universities.

These accidents caused serious injuries and in some cases were fatal.

They are intended to provide lessons that will encourage you to learn as much as you can to protect yourself and to be prepared for the worst case scenarios regarding laboratory hazards.

Personal safety starts with you.

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1997 – Dartmouth accidental poisoning

◦ Professor Karen Wetterhahn followed MSDS guidelines for handling dimethyl mercury. However, the latex gloves she wore at the time of her exposure proved to be an insufficient barrier to her skin.

◦ While transferring dimethyl mercury with a mechanical pipette, 1-2 drops landed on her gloved hand. She didn’t consider the spill to be significant enough to report at the time. 5 month after her exposure she began to show serious neurological symptoms and was then treated for heavy metal poisoning.

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Karen became unresponsive 3 weeks into her treatment and died 10 months after the accident.

Statement from Dr. John Winn, who was Chair of the Chemistry department at the time of the accident: ◦ Whenever confronted with a material known to be

toxic at whatever level, whether super toxic as this one was or not, we must be diligent, learn all we can from as many experts as as we can about the nature of the hazard and about the protections that can be taken to handle it safely.

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2008 – University of California, Los Angeles fire

23-year-old staff research assistant Sheharbano (Sheri) Sangji was severely burned when air-sensitive chemicals burst into flames and ignited her clothing.

Working in a fumehood, Sangji was drawing 50mL of tert-Butyllithium using a 60mL plastic syringe when for no known reason the plunger came out of the barrel.

An open flask of hexane, not part of her experiment, was knocked over. The tBuLi ignited and the solvent caught fire along with her clothes.

She was wearing nitrile gloves, no lab coat, and no one remembers if she had on eye protection.

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Although there was a safety shower in the lab, Sangji did not use it. Instead a postdoctoral researcher, Weifeng Chen, also in the room used a lab coat to wrap her in but it also caught fire. He used a nearby sink to pour water on her as she sat on the floor.

A neighboring postdoctoral researcher, Hui Ding, heard her screams and called 911 after investigating the scene. He then called the Principle Investigator, Dr. Patrick Harran.

EMS arrived and she was decontaminated under the safety shower.

She was then taken to a medical center and then transferred to a burn center.

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Sheri Sangji died 18 days after the Dec. 29, 2008 fire.

Cal/OSHA initially fined the university $31,875 The agency cited the UCLA chemistry and biochemistry

department for ◦ lack of training ◦ failure to document training ◦ failing to correct unsafe laboratory conditions and work practices

identified in an Oct. 30, 2008, inspection of Harran’s lab ◦ failing to ensure that employees wore appropriate personal protective

equipment (PPE), such as lab coats.

Harran and UCLA maintain that all researchers had the laboratory-specific training needed to perform their work safely.

EH&S now provides general safety training monthly, and researchers cannot receive keys to their labs until the training is complete.

UCLA has also now purchased flame-resistant lab coats for researchers using flammable reagents.

2013 update: Harran will be tried in May on three felony counts of violating workplace safety standards. If convicted Harran faces up to 4 1/2 years in prison.

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One of the challenges in lab safety is that the lab setting becomes very familiar to people who work in it day in and day out.

“When you do something over and over, your perception of the risk may change even though the risk itself doesn’t change,” says Lawrence M. Gibbs, associate vice provost for EH&S at Stanford.

His department tries to use information about incidents to remind researchers not to get too comfortable.

In that way, hopefully something positive can come out of Sangji’s death.

“It was a tragic, tragic incident,” Gibbs says. “We all have to learn from it and use it as reinforcement to help people understand the potential risks of working with high-hazard materials in this environment.”

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2010 – Texas Tech University explosion ◦ 2 students working with energetic/explosive compounds funded by The

U.S. department of Homeland Security. ◦ They were synthesizing and performing tests on a new compound, a

derivative of nickel hydrazine perchlorate. ◦ Initially the compound was made in small batches, 50-300 milligrams. ◦ They decided to make a single, larger batch of 10 grams or 10,000

milligrams. ◦ They believed that keeping the compound wet with a solvent would keep it

from exploding. ◦ One student took half the batch and while wearing safety goggles, lab coat

and gloves, used a mortar and pestle to break up some clumps in the mixture.

◦ A short time later he came back to stir the mixture again but was not wearing goggles at this time. As the pestle pressed against the compound, it detonated.

◦ The graduate student’s left hand was severely injured by the force of the explosion causing the loss of three fingers. His eye was perforated and he sustained cuts and burns to other parts of his body.

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Key Lessons: 1. Ensure that all safety hazards, including physical hazards of

chemicals, be addressed. 2. Ensure that practices and procedures are in place to verify that

research-specific hazards are evaluated and mitigated. 3. Comprehensive guidance on managing the hazards unique to

laboratory chemical research in the academic environment is lacking. Current standards on hazard evaluations, risk assessments, and hazard mitigation are geared toward industrial settings and are not fully transferable to the academic research laboratory environment.

4. Research-specific written protocols and training are necessary to manage laboratory research risk.

5. Ensure that the safety inspector/auditor of research laboratories directly report to an identified individual/office with organizational authority to implement safety improvements.

6. Near-misses and previous incidents provide opportunities for education and improvement only if they are documented, tracked, and communicated to drive safety change.

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All injuries must be reported to the Department of Environmental Health and Safety (665-3690).

Additionally, any conditions that make you feel unsafe must also be reported to 665-7256. ◦ You almost had an accident. (Near miss.)

◦ You observed someone else almost have an accident.

◦ Something is damaged or malfunctioning.

◦ Equipment/substances are being used incorrectly.

Ex. Insufficient ventilation, no PPE, unsafe handling

◦ Not enough information/instructions were given on a subject and you do not feel confident in the laboratory.

◦ The work area’s cleanliness is not being maintained.

Ex. Slip hazards or accumulation of hazardous wastes

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1. Physical ◦ Exposures to work hazards resulting in physical injury.

Examples: cuts, burns, electrocution, hearing loss, back injuries

2. Chemical ◦ Exposure to toxins, corrosives, flammables, explosives,

gases under pressure, pyrophorics, oxidizers, and peroxides. Routes of entry: Inhalation, ingestion, absorption, injection See Chemical Hygiene Plan

3. Biological ◦ Exposures to plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, blood borne

pathogens and other biological sources resulting in skin irritation, allergies, and/or infection. Examples: animal bites, needle sticks, exposure to droplets

4. Radiological ◦ Exposures to radiation sources resulting in changes in DNA

and radiation sickness.

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Safety and a Healthy Lifestyle are connected.

Smoking greatly increases the chances of developing health complications when mixed with exposure to other toxic substances.

Drinking alcohol can interact with certain solvents to cause severe damage quickly.

Tips:

◦ Exercise

◦ Eat a low-fat/high fiber diet

◦ Eat less meat/more grains and vegetables

◦ Aim for good mental health and self-development

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They are found posted on the outside of any laboratory door. ◦ Please report missing door postings to DEHS.

They include information on the type of hazard(s) present: ◦ Chemical Storage Area ◦ Biological Infectious Agents (BSL-2 and above) ◦ Radioactive Materials

They educate lab users on avoiding risk. ◦ Dress Code and Required PPE ◦ Room Usage Policy – No Food or Drink

They provide emergency contact information. They list the laboratory’s Principle Investigator(s) ◦ Responsible faculty member

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Never work alone under potentially hazardous conditions. Always use the “buddy system”.

Familiarize yourself with all equipment/substances. ◦ Know their names, read instruction manuals, read MSDS, know their health

effects and hazards, and follow all safety rules.

Do not use any equipment unless you have been properly trained to do so by your instructor.

Give the equipment your undivided attention and stay alert for any hazards. ◦ Ex. malfunctioning equipment, horseplay near the work area, untidy work

area (slip hazards)

Know how to protect yourself with the recommended personal protective equipment (PPE)

Know all first aid and emergency procedures before you begin working with the equipment/substances. ◦ Know where all emergency response equipment is located nearest to the

laboratory.

Know where all exits are located nearest to the laboratory and have an exit strategy.

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⇧ Research Wing

⇦ Teaching Wing

EXIT EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

If time permits, secure area and take personal items with you. (e.g. phone, wallet, purse) Observe all Emergency Notifications. Walk to nearest exit. Move to a safe distance of at least 150 ft. Request medical attention if needed. Do not return to building unless instructed by UTPA Police.

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⇦ Teaching Wing

⇧ Research Wing

STAIRS

STAIRS STAIRS

STAIRS

Do not use an elevator during a fire evacuation. Persons with disabilities are to move to a safe stairwell landing and summon assistance from first responders. Alert EVAC Assistant or emergency personnel if a person with a disability was seen in a stairwell.

Undergraduate Student ◦ Requires another student

(from this class), faculty, or staff to be present at all times.

Graduate Student ◦ Requires any responsible

adult to be present at all times.

Recommended that they are familiar with the facility

Arrange for someone to be with you especially after regular University office hours (8 a.m. to 5 p.m.)

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The only exception to this rule is if the activity being performed is of minimal risk. Ex. Computer use

It is not safe to have children in the laboratory. ◦ Children have died from accidentally

drinking chemicals found in chemical storage areas.

◦ No child under 13 years of age is allowed in any UTPA laboratory.

If you are pregnant or nursing, consult a physician about working around the hazards associated with the laboratory. ◦ Know which chemicals have the potential

to injure the baby.

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Outlines procedures for handling or working with any substance in a safe manner including the following information: ◦ Physical data (melting point, boiling point, flash point, etc.) ◦ Toxicity ◦ Health effects ◦ First aid ◦ Reactivity ◦ Storage ◦ Disposal ◦ Protective equipment ◦ Spill-handling procedures

Search online for information on any substance. Ask someone to help you find MSDS information: ◦ Michelle Salazar– Laboratory Safety Rep., Dept. of Environmental Health & Safety

[email protected] DEHS website under Laboratory Safety MSDS

◦ Thomas Eubanks– Laboratory Supervisor Coordinator, Chemistry Dept. ◦ Ruben Diaz – Lab Technical Service Supervisor, Chemistry Dept.

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Note: MSDS will switch to SDS by 2015 as part of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification

and Labeling of Chemicals.

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There are several systems currently used to clearly identify hazardous substances.

The newest system was developed by the United Nations (UN).

The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)

GHS will be implemented into UTPA by 2015.

Under the GHS, MSDS will become SDS and these Safety Data Sheets will be standardized.

Include 16 sections

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“Danger” = More severe “Warning” = Less severe

Globally Harmonized

System’s pictograms and their

corresponding hazards listed below

each symbol.

3.1.1 Explosives 3.1.2 Flammable Gases 3.1.3 Flammable Aerosols 3.1.4 Oxidizing Gases 3.1.5 Gases Under Pressure 3.1.6 Flammable Liquids 3.1.7 Flammable Solids 3.1.8 Self-Reactive Substances 3.1.9 Pyrophoric Liquids 3.1.10 Pyrophoric Solids 3.1.11 Self-Heating Substances 3.1.12 Substances Which in Contact with Water Emit Flammable Gases 3.1.13 Oxidizing Liquids 3.1.14 Oxidizing Solids 3.1.15 Organic Peroxides 3.1.16 Substances Corrosive to Metal

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3.2.1 Acute Toxicity

3.2.2 Skin Corrosion

3.2.3 Skin Irritation

3.2.4 Eye Effects

3.2.5 Sensitization

3.2.6 Germ Cell Mutagenicity

3.2.7 Carcinogenicity

3.2.8 Reproductive Toxicity

3.2.9 Target Organ Systemic Toxicity: Single Exposure & Repeated Exposure

3.2.10 Aspiration Toxicity

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3.3.1 Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment

3.3.1.1 Acute Aquatic Toxicity

3.3.1.2 Chronic Aquatic Toxicity

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Section 1, Identification includes product identifier; manufacturer or distributor name, address, phone number; emergency phone number; recommended use; restrictions on use.

Section 2, Hazard(s) identification includes all hazards regarding the chemical; required label elements.

Section 3, Composition/information on ingredients includes information on chemical ingredients; trade secret claims.

Section 4, First-aid measures includes important symptoms/ effects, acute, delayed; required treatment.

Section 5, Fire-fighting measures lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire.

Section 6, Accidental release measures lists emergency procedures; protective equipment; proper methods of containment and cleanup.

Section 7, Handling and storage lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities.

Section 8, Exposure controls/personal protection lists OSHA's Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs); Threshold Limit Values (TLVs); appropriate engineering controls; personal protective equipment (PPE).

Section 9, Physical and chemical properties lists the chemical's characteristics.

Section 10, Stability and reactivity lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions.

Section 11, Toxicological information includes routes of exposure; related symptoms, acute and chronic effects; numerical measures of toxicity.

Section 12, Ecological information*

Section 13, Disposal considerations*

Section 14, Transport information*

Section 15, Regulatory information*

Section 16, Other information, includes the date of preparation or last revision.

*Note: Since other Agencies regulate this information, OSHA will not be enforcing Sections 12 through 15(29 CFR 1910.1200(g)(2)).

Employers must ensure that SDSs are readily accessible to employees.

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PPE stands for Personal Protective Equipment and is designed to protect the wearer from the risk of exposure to harmful chemicals and/or injuries.

PPE must be selected for the specific task. PPE must be selected for the chemical being

used. PPE must fit properly. PPE must be worn correctly. PPE must not be removed during the task it

was designed to protect you from.

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Splash Goggles Chemical Resistant

Gloves Laboratory Coat

Respirator 50

Face Shield Temperature Resistant Gloves

Any garment that exposes part of your legs. ◦ Ex. Shorts, skirts, quart-length pants

Any footwear that exposes part of your feet. ◦ Ex. Crocks, slip-ons, sandals, flip-flops, open-backed

shoes, ballerina shoes

Any footwear that would readily absorb chemicals during a chemical spill. ◦ Ex. Cloth shoes, highly porous shoes

Any garment that is composed of synthetic fibers. ◦ In the event of a fire, these can cause further

damages to skin by melting and adhering to the body.

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Coal miners used to carry highly sensitive canaries into the mines to alert them of any undetected poisonous gasses that may have been present.

Be your own canary in the laboratory.

Be aware of your body.

If you feel dizzy or ill or develop rashes, a sore throat, etc. stop what you are doing and investigate the situation.

Your body usually hints of danger before permanent damage is done.

Beware of “the zone”

◦ You may get into your work so thoroughly you don’t realize that you’re hurting yourself.

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There are four main routes of entry that a toxic substance may enter your body through.

They are as follows:

1. Absorption

2. Injection

3. Ingestion

4. Inhalation

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Absorption ◦ Caused by direct skin or eye contact.

◦ Solution: Wear gloves and protective clothing. Immediately rinse off any splashed chemicals or dust residue.

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The Eye

Injection ◦ Caused by improper handling of

sharps (pointed tools) or working with open wounds.

◦ Solution: Handle sharp objects with care and cover wounds while working.

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Circulatory System

Ingestion ◦ Caused by eating, drinking,

smoking, touching your mouth with contaminated hands, or storing foods near chemicals.

◦ Solution: No food, candy, or drinks are allowed in these areas. Do not eat or drink in the laboratory. Do not apply lip products in the laboratory. Wash hands thoroughly after you are finished working in the laboratory.

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Inhalation ◦ Caused by working in poorly

ventilated areas.

◦ Solution: Work in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood. Wear recommended PPE.

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Respiratory System

All chemicals must be clearly labeled with the chemical name.

Do not handle chemicals with bare hands. Wash hands after use even when gloves were used.

Do not inhale the fumes produced by these chemicals. ◦ Work in well-ventilated areas and do not stand with your face directly

over the mouth of an open chemical container.

Never put anything into your mouth while working around these chemicals. ◦ No food, drink, gum, candy, cigarettes, make-up, etc.

Never dispose of these chemicals down the sink. ◦ Absorb with towels and discard in appropriate waste container

If you are pregnant or taking medications, consult a doctor about any precautions that should be taken before starting any laboratory work.

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Keep your hands away from your face, eyes, mouth, and body while using chemicals.

Food and drink, open or closed, should never be brought into the laboratory or chemical storage area.

Never use laboratory glassware for eating or drinking purposes.

Do not apply cosmetics while in the laboratory or storage area.

Wash hands after removing gloves, and before leaving the laboratory.

Remove any protective equipment (i.e., gloves, lab coat or apron, chemical splash goggles) before leaving the laboratory.

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Use tools like tweezers, tongs, etc. as much as possible to keep your fingers from being exposed to chemicals, solvents, cleaners, etc.

Gloves have a lifespan. ◦ Change them as needed.

Use the correct type of gloves for the best resistance to the chemical you are handling. ◦ Ex. Neoprene, Nitrile, Latex, PVC

Use gloves appropriate for the task at hand. ◦ Ex. Flame-resistant gloves, temperature-resistant gloves,

chemical-resistant gloves

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Wet hands with clean, warm, running water and apply any standard soap.

Rub hands together to make a lather and scrub well. Commonly Forgotten Areas: ◦ backs of hands ◦ between fingers/thumb ◦ under nails

Continue rubbing hands for at least 20 seconds. ◦ Tip: Sing the “Happy Birthday” song twice.

Rinse hands thoroughly under running water.

Dry hands with a clean paper towel.

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Chemicals should arrive with the label in good condition. ◦ Chemical name ◦ Common name ◦ Manufacturer (name and address) ◦ Hazard warnings (Rating of Flammability Hazard, Health Hazard,

Instability Hazard, and Special Hazard)

Make sure labels are legible at all times. ◦ If transferring to different container, must label new container with

chemical name and warnings.

Keep area appropriately labeled with Hazard Identification Signs: ◦ Flammables ◦ Corrosives ◦ Oxidizers/Peroxides

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All chemicals must remain closed when not in use.

◦ Replace the lid after every use.

Screw lid back on rather than placing it loosely on top of the opening of the container.

◦ Open funnels do not constitute closed containers.

Do not store chemicals above eye level.

Use appropriate storage containers designed for the chemical.

Do not store glass containers on the floor unless they are tucked away from the aisles.

Containers on the floor must be in secondary containment.

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1. If you see an open container, please close it. Always use proper PPE when handling chemical storage containers.

2. Funnels may not be left permanently inside the mouth of a container.

3. Make sure cap is not loosely lying over mouth of the container. Screw the cap on snuggly

after each use.

This will prevent spills in case the container is knocked over.

This will also reduce the release of chemical vapors.

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Chemical Glass Sharps

Bio Hazardous Radioactive

All waste containers must be labeled and must be scheduled for pick-up when 3/4 full.

Do not place other types of hazardous waste or regular trash within a specified waste container. 1. Chemical Waste Container

Must adhere a detailed list of contents to the container. 2. Glass Disposal Container

Not for chemical disposal. Bottom of box should not be wet or damaged.

3. Sharps Container Not for bottles or beakers unless items are infectious.

4. Bio Hazardous Waste Container 5. Radioactive Waste Container

Waste containers must be stored close to where the waste is being generated.

Chemical waste being stored on the floor must be stored inside secondary containment.

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Email [email protected] for waste disposal or to request empty containers.

Why must the laboratory be neat and free of clutter? ◦ Prevents trip hazards and other physical hazards. ◦ Maintains access to emergency equipment. ◦ Aisles require 3 ft. of clearance in the event of a fire.

Why must working surfaces be wiped clean and chemicals put back in their storage areas? ◦ Reduces likelihood of contamination. ◦ Prevents spills.

Why must supplies not be stored within 18” of the ceiling? ◦ Maintains fire sprinkler efficiency in the event of a fire.

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Make requests for more paper towels, trash cans emptied, or the floor cleaned to the Facilities Management dispatcher, 665-2748

between 7:45 a.m. and 4:35 p.m. or send an email to [email protected]

Replace containers that are in poor condition or cannot close properly: ◦ Leaking ◦ Bulging ◦ Heavily Corroded/Rusty ◦ Missing Cap ◦ Expired Contents

Contact Robert Gilchrist with the Department of Environmental

Health and Safety at [email protected] or 665-2904.

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Acids ◦ Store in corrosives cabinet. ◦ Do not store organic acids with inorganic acids.

Common Organic Acids – Hydrochloric, Sulfuric, Phosphoric Common Inorganic Acids – Nitric, Acetic

◦ Do not store acids with flammables.

Bases ◦ Common bases – ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide ◦ Do not store acids with bases.

Flammables ◦ Store in flammables cabinet.

Common flammables – Methanol, Ethanol, diethyl ether, toluene, glacial acetic acid, acetone, benzene

◦ Do not store flammables with oxidizers. Common oxidizers – Nitric acid, bromates, peroxides, nitrates, nitrites,

perchlorates, chlorates ◦ Do not store flammables with acids.

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Caution! Keep combustibles away from any heat sources.

Check the dates of all peroxides and remove any expired products promptly through DEHS. ◦ [email protected]

Peroxide forming chemicals: ◦ Dioxane

◦ Ethers

◦ Furans - tetrahydrofuran (THF)

◦ Picric Acid

◦ Perchloric Acid

◦ Sodium Amide

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Do not leave doors to laboratory propped open.

Do not tape locks or tamper with the locking mechanism in any way.

Do not grant access to any individual who has not received laboratory safety training.

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Laboratory doors should be locked or under 100% surveillance at all times.

May not be used for permanent storage. May not be cluttered with objects. Sash Guidelines: ◦ Do not block the sash with objects.

The sash should be able to lower without any obstructions. ◦ Always close the sash when not in use. (~1” gap) ◦ Pull down the sash to 12” or less

while in use so that you are protected while working.

◦ Confirm adequate face velocity 80-150 linear feet per minute (lfpm)

◦ Require annual inspections.

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Before and after each use, wipe BSC with a suitable disinfectant (alcohol, 10% bleach solution).

Let BSC run for 5 minutes prior to use to purge airborne contaminants.

Make sure UV light is off before using cabinet to avoid eye injury.

Work with all supplies within cabinet, including waste container. ◦ Work at least 4 inches into cabinet.

Do not block air intake grills Avoid opening and closing doors while cabinet

is in use to prevent disruption of airflow. Always work with proper PPE. Wash hands and arms thoroughly after each

use.

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Require annual inspections, arranged through DEHS.

Never distract or startle someone who is using a power tool. Never operate while tired or under the influence of drugs,

alcohol, or medication. Power tools may only be operated by properly trained

individuals. Never work in damp areas. Read the instruction manual for that specific device before

operating. Dress appropriately for the task, do not wear loose clothing or

jewelry, and contain long hair. Always wear eye protection. Always wear hearing protection. Maintain a safe working environment. (well lit, clean, dry) Keep bystanders away or have them wear PPE as well. No children or pets should be in the work area.

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Hearing damage can occur at 85+ decibels.

Decibel (dB) Levels: ◦ Normal conversation 60 dB

◦ Chemistry analyzer

◦ Fume Hood 50 dB

◦ Biosafety Cabinet 50 dB

◦ Incubator

◦ Cell washer

◦ Fans and compressors

◦ Centrifuge 65 dB

◦ Stirrer

Temporary hearing loss can lead to permanent damage. You can prevent permanent

hearing loss with quality hearing protection.

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Caution! ◦ Never mouth pipette.

Drain pipette against inner wall of receiving vessel.

Never forcibly expel any hazardous material from a pipette. ◦ This will help minimize

airborne particles and reduce the risk of accidental inhalation.

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Properly stored Improperly stored

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Must be secured with a strap to prevent tipping.

Hot Plate ◦ Keep away from flammables/combustibles.

Bunsen Burner ◦ Tube must be free of defects. ◦ Keep away from flammables/combustibles.

Vacuum pump ◦ Keep away from flammables/combustibles.

Electrical Cords ◦ Must be in good condition.

Insulation is not worn, split or frayed. Plug is not separated from cord. Cord is not pinched in any way.

Electrical Panel ◦ If present, must remain unobstructed. ◦ Requires 3 ft. of clearance.

Extension cords may not be used

as permanent wiring.

Power strips may not be

connected in series.

(Daisy-chained.)

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Air flow to the laboratory should be “negative” or moving from the hallway into laboratory. ◦ This will help ensure that contaminants remain inside the

laboratory.

◦ May be tested using a thin strip of paper/tissue.

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Report any HVAC or plumbing issues to DEHS: -Strong air flow from ceiling duct or noisy flow. -Uncomfortable temperatures. -Positive flow (into hallways). -Strong chemical odors. -Any odors of natural gas. -Water leaks.

These items can help reduce the severity of injury if used in a correctly and in a timely manner. ◦ Fire Extinguisher ◦ First Aid Cabinet

Contains over 20 products to choose from. Locations:

Chemistry Copy Room SCNE 3.306 Biology Conference Room SCNE 2.342

◦ Automated External Defibrillator (AED) ◦ For use in case of cardiac arrest ◦ Located in surrounding buildings (Education Building, Library,

Engineering Building, HPE1, HPE2) Science Building 1st floor across from Sandella’s.

◦ Safety Shower ◦ For use in case of skin contamination or clothing fire. ◦ Eyewash Station ◦ For use in case of eye contamination. ◦ Located in all teaching labs and in hallways of research wing. ◦ Chemical Spill Kit ◦ Provided by DEHS.

In an emergency, every second

counts. Be prepared. Never block

emergency response equipment with

laboratory supplies.

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First Aid Cabinet

Fire Extinguisher

Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

Eye Wash Station

Safety Shower

Know where the nearest safety shower/eye wash station is located. (Must be within 10 seconds or 100 ft. from any process involving corrosive materials.) ◦ Teach laboratory room ◦ Research laboratory hallway

Know the procedures for using these devices ◦ On-the-spot decontamination ◦ For use in case of exposure to chemicals ◦ For use in flushing out eye contaminants ◦ Rinse for at least 15 minutes ◦ For use in extinguishing clothing fires ◦ Seek medical attention Inspected monthly by DEHS.

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Identify that an emergency exists and remain calm.

Notify the University Police at 665-7151 who offer 24-hr emergency services or direct someone else to call.

Notify Environmental Health and Safety at 665-3690.

Notify the Principle Investigator. (See lab’s door posting.)

Follow All Safety Guidelines:

◦ Laboratory Guidelines/Trainings

◦ Operator’s Manuals for Machinery/Power Tools

◦ Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

◦ Emergency and Evacuation Procedures

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Abnormal breathing or not breathing Lack of consciousness Chest pain Persistent abdominal pain Severe bleeding Major burns Chemical burns Chemical poisoning Major chemical spill Vomiting or passing blood Broken bone Slurred speech or weakness in one side of the body Repeated seizures or a seizure lasting more than a few minutes Head, neck, or spinal injury Fire Severe weather

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Always call the University Police for any emergency situation that occurs on campus. If you are off campus, call 911.

Do not attempt to fight a fire unless… ◦ you are trained to use a fire extinguisher. ◦ the fire is smaller than a standard trash can. ◦ Make sure you are between the fire and the exit.

If the fire is large and spreading… ◦ Activate the fire alarm (pull station) to alert other

building occupants. ◦ Close the door on your way out to contain the fire. ◦ Evacuate the building as soon as possible. Do not use the elevators.

Do not re-enter the building.

◦ Call the University Police when it is safe to do so.

If you catch on fire… ◦ Do not run. Stop, drop, and roll. ◦ If someone else catches on fire, knock them down and roll them to smother

the flames. ◦ A nearby safety shower can also be used to extinguish the flames.

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P.A.S.S. Method: 1. Pull the pin and stand ten (10) feet away. 2. Aim at the base of the fire. 3. Squeeze the lever. 4. Sweep nozzle from

side to side until the fire is completely expelled.

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Chemicals on Skin ◦ Rinse for a minimum of 15 minutes at nearest

safety shower. ◦ Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry.

Chemicals in Eyes ◦ Rinse for a minimum of 15 minutes at nearest eye wash. ◦ Keep eyelids open with fingers and thumbs. ◦ Remove contacts (do not reuse).

Chemical Inhalation ◦ Close the container, increase ventilation, move to fresh air.

Ingestions of Chemicals ◦ Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a health care professional

to do so.

Injection of Chemicals ◦ Wash the area with soap and water.

Inform emergency personnel of chemicals involved in the accident.

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Assess the hazard. Get help and seal off the area. If the chemical has contacted anyone's skin, get that person to

water immediately and wash the affected area. Cover liquid spills with Spill Mix until all liquid is absorbed OR

contact DEHS to clean up the spill. As necessary, protect yourself from fumes or contact with the

chemical. Use appropriate PPE. ◦ Caution: Beware of odorless gases or olfactory fatigue.

Scoop the residue into a plastic pail. Place the pail in a fume hood and report to DEHS for disposal.

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Major chemical spills and mercury spills are emergencies. Do not attempt to clean the area. Evacuate the affected area immediately and call the University Police.

The nearest first aid cabinet is located in the Chemistry Copy Room, SCNE 3.306 or the Biology Conference Room, SCNE 2.342

Render first aid if you are trained to do so and with consent from the victim. ◦ If they are unconscious, consent is assumed.

Remain with the victim to ensure that treatment is being arranged.

Always use exam gloves when handling someone else’s body fluids to ensure the safety of yourself and the victim.

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Do not rub the eye. Wash your hands and then remove contact

lenses. Try to flush out the object with sterile eye

rinse kit OR use the nearest eyewash station to apply a gentle stream of water to the eye while propping eyelids open with thumbs and fingers.

Make sure the affected eye is below the unaffected eye while flushing.

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Brush off any dry chemicals using gloves or towel.

Carefully remove contaminated clothing.

Flush under running water for at least 20 minutes.

Ask someone to call the University Police.

Seek medical attention as soon as possible.

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Minor Burns ◦ Cool under running water until pain subsides

Never use ice directly on skin – may damage skin further

◦ Apply burn spray – immediate pain relief and disinfectant for minor cuts, burns, scrapes, and sunburn.

◦ Cover loosely with sterile gauze bandage. ◦ May take a mild pain reliever.

Major Burns ◦ Call the University Police and remove victim from the

heat source. ◦ Do not remove burned clothing. ◦ Apply a moist, sterile bandage or use cool, running

water. ◦ Elevate the burn above heart level when possible.

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Control the bleeding before treating victim for shock and have someone call the University Police.

Apply continuous pressure with a sterile bandage (emergency pressure dressing) or trauma pad for at least 20 minutes

Do not remove any embedded objects. Do not check to see if the bleeding has

stopped. Apply additional bandages if wrap becomes

saturated with blood. Wrap the wound to keep the

bandage in place (cohesive bandage wrap).

Take steps to minimize shock.

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Minor cuts ◦ Stop the bleeding with a sterile cloth by

applying constant gentle pressure.

◦ Clean the wound with water.

Remove debris with sterile tweezers.

◦ Apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment.

◦ Cover the wound with a bandage until sufficient healing has occurred.

◦ Change the dressing daily and when it becomes wet or dirty.

◦ Watch for signs of infection (increasing pain, redness, swelling, heat, drainage).

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What to look for: ◦ Victim will often become pale and begin to sweat.

If you feel faint, lie down flat on your back. ◦ If there is no room to lie down, sit down with head between your

knees to prevent a fall.

Loosen any tight clothing. Do not get up too quickly to avoid fainting a second time. Ask to elevate legs of victim 12 inches above their heart. Fainting is not generally life-threatening when the cause is

known (ex. crowded room, lack of oxygen) but if the victim faints for no apparent reason or does not regain consciousness within one minute or stops breathing, call the University Police.

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Send someone to retrieve AED and call the University Police at 665-7151.

Perform CPR using protective barrier from CPR pack in First Aid Kit: ◦ 30 chest compressions, hard and fast in

center of chest. ◦ 2 breaths while pinching nose shut and

holding victim’s chin up. ◦ Do not stop cycles until AED is ready or

EMS personnel take over.

Follow auditory instructions from Automated External Defibrillator: ◦ Apply pads to bare, dry chest. ◦ Allow machine to analyze heart rhythm.

Do not touch victim while analyzing. ◦ Have everyone stand clear and deliver

shock if prompted by AED.

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Upper right side of chest

Lower left side of chest

Aspirin ◦ Mild pain relief

Instant cold compress ◦ Temporarily relieves minor pain and

swelling for sprains, aches, and sore joints

Triangular/sling bandage ◦ Use as arm sling, head wrap, or tourniquet

Cherry cough drops ◦ Temporarily relieves cough due to

minor throat and bronchial irritation

Antiseptic/Cleansers ◦ Reduce possibility of infection

Alcohol cleansing pads Providone-iodine infection control wipes BZK antiseptic towelettes

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The next slides were taken from the departmental websites of Biology and Chemistry.

They contain contact numbers and laboratory rooms designated to specific faculty who you may want to talk with to find out more about your laboratory exercises or future research topics.

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Dr. Banu Dr. Brush Dr. Dearth Dr. DeYoe Dr. Dirrigl 665-3222 665-2921 665-8750 665-3538 665-8732

Dr. S. Gunn Ms. Hinojosa Dr. Judd Dr. Keniry Dr. Kuang 665-3540 665-2883 665-7001 665-7463 665-2953

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Dr. Edwards Dr. Farooqui Dr. Faulkes Dr. Feria Dr. Gilkerson Ms. B. Gunn 665-3545 665-3543 665-2614 665-7322 665-7838 665-2062

Dr. Lowe Dr. Materon Dr. McDonald Dr. Persans Dr. Pereyra Dr. Plas 665-8749 665-7140 665-2065 665-7323 665-2468 665-3409

Dr. Wedig Dr. Zaidan Ms. Montalvo Mr. Eubanks Ms. Vela Ms. Mendez-Montano

665-7025 665-7481 665-2883 665-3308 665-7935 665-5216 101

Dr. Racelis Dr. Schuenzel Dr. Summy Dr. Terry Dr. Torres-Avila Dr. Vitek 665-7463 665-2229 665-7927 665-2064 665-2498 665-2845

Staff

Research Laboratories ◦ SCNE 1.102 McDonald ◦ SCNE 1.112 Persans ◦ SCNE 1.212 DeYoe, Brush ◦ SCNE 1.214 Materon ◦ SCNE 1.240 Racelis, Dirrigl ◦ SCNE 1.408 Judd ◦ SCNE 1.412 Kuang ◦ SCNE 1.476 Edwards ◦ SCNE 1.488 DeYoe ◦ SCNE 1.492 Keniry, Dean ◦ HSHW 2.224 Banu

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◦ SCNE 2.212 Pereyra, Zaidan ◦ SCNE 2.240 Plas, Pereyra ◦ SCNE 2.260 Vitek, Edwards ◦ SCNE 2.266 Summy ◦ SCNE 2.404 Brush ◦ SCNE 2.406 Eubanks ◦ SCNE 2.412 Vitek ◦ SCNE 2.420 Gunn, Schuenzel ◦ SCNE 2.426 Gunn ◦ SCNE 2.428 Dearth ◦ SCNE 2.436 Faulkes, Plas ◦ SCNE 2.444 Persans ◦ SCNE 2.476 Zaidan ◦ SCNE 2.488 Lowe ◦ SCNE 2.492 Feria ◦ SCNE 3.146 Terry ◦ SCNE 3.148 McDonald

Storage

◦ SCNE 1.248 DeYoe

◦ SCNE 2.248 Vela

Freezer





Museums

◦ SCNE 1.102 McDonalds

◦ SCNE 2.406 Persans

◦ SCNE 2.414 All faculty

Equipment/Other

◦ SCNE 1.448 Eubanks

◦ SCNE 1.486,b,c Kuang


◦ SCNE 2.478 Gunn

◦ SCNE 2.486 Gunn

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Teaching Laboratories

◦ SCNE 1.224 Vela

◦ SCNE 1.226 Vela

◦ SCNE 1.246 Vela

◦ SCNE 1.260 Persans

◦ SCNE 1.266 Gunn

◦ SCNE 2.214 Materon

◦ SCNE 2.224 Vela

◦ SCNE 2.226 Vela

◦ SCNE 2.246 Vela

◦ SCNE 2.260 Vitek, Edwards, Terry, Faulkes, Plas, Summy

Dr. Ahmad Dr. Tulay Atesin Dr. Banik Dr. Bhat Dr. Bullard 665-3372 665-2854 665-8741 665-3373 665-2950

Ms. Diaz Dr. Gutierrez Dr. Ibrahim Dr. Macossay-Torres

665-2172 665-2151 665-5003 665-3377

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Dr. Mao Dr. Parsons 665-2417 665-7462

Dr. Smith Dr. Villarreal Dr. Whelan 665-2063 665-2986 665-2854

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Not Pictured: Dr. A. Atesin 665-2241 Dr. Bandyopadhyay 665-8741 Dr. Dean 665-2852 Dr. Kotsikorou 665-2851 Dr. Rampersad-Ammons 665-2097 Dr. Thomas 665-3744

Ms. Rosemary Hinojosa 665-3371

Mr. Everardo ‘Ed’ Villarreal 665-3378

Mr. Ruben Diaz 665-7328

Mr. Thomas Eubanks 665-7328

Teaching Laboratories

◦ SCNE 3.150 Villarreal








Storage/Prep


◦ SCNE 3.470 Bhat

Equipment

◦ SCNE 3.426 Ahmad


Freezer

◦ SCNE 3.466 Ahmad

Research Laboratories ◦ SCNE 1.486A Villarreal ◦ SCNE 3.260 Mao, Dean ◦ SCNE 3.408 Parsons ◦ SCNE 3.412 Bhat ◦ SCNE 3.420 Gutierrez ◦ SCNE 3.428 Ahmad ◦ SCNE 3.436 Bullard ◦ SCNE 3.444 T. Atesin ◦ SCNE 3.474 Rampersad+ ◦ SCNE 3.476 Macossay-Torres ◦ SCNE 3.486 Rampersad-Ammons ◦ SCNE 3.488 Bandyopadhyay ◦ SCNE 3.492 Bandyopadhyay

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University Police (24-hr Emergency Services) ◦ 665-7151

Environmental Health and Safety ◦ 665-3690

Student Health Services ◦ 665-2511

Poison Hotline ◦ 1-800-POISON1

Facilities Management ◦ 665-2748

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Michelle Salazar Laboratory Safety Representative

Department of Environmental Health and Safety

Office: MKCS 1.114 Phone: 665-7256 Email: [email protected]

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Please contact me with any questions or concerns:

Laboratory Safety for Chemistry and Biology Updated Aug 2014

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