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Herramientas para Herramientas para diagnósticosdiagnósticos
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PingUSO: Ping nombre.dominio o dirección IPOptions:• -t Ping the specifed host until interrupted. • -a Resolve addresses to hostnames.• -n count Number of echo requests to send. • -l size Send buffer size. • -f Set Don't Fragment flag in packet. • -i TTL Time To Live. • -v TOS Type Of Service. • -r count Record route for count hops.• -s count Timestamp for count hops.• -j host-list Loose source route along host-list. • -k host-list Strict source route along host-list. • -w timeout Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply.
TracertUSO: Tracert nombre.dominio o dirección IPOptions: • -d: Do not resolve addresses to hostnames.• -h maximum_hops: Maximum number of hops to search for target.• -j host-list: Loose source route along host-list.• -w timeout: Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.
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RouteUSO: Route PrintSintaxis: ROUTE [-f] [command [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway]]• -f : Clears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used in conjunction
with one of the commands, the tables are cleared prior to running the command. • command Specifies one of four commands
– PRINT Prints a route– ADD Adds a route– DELETE Deletes a route– CHANGE Modifies an existing route
• Destination: Specifies the host to send command. • MASK: If the MASK keyword is present, the next parameter is interpreted as the
netmask parameter.• netmask: If provided, specifies a sub-net mask value to be associated with this
route entry. If not specified, if defaults to 255.255.255.255. • Gateway: Specifies gateway.
-A Displays all connections and listening ports. (Server-sideconnections are normally not shown).
-E Displays Ethernet statistics. This may be combined with the -soption.
-N Displays addresses and port numbers in numerical form.-P proto Shows connections for the protocol specified by proto; proto
May be tcp or udp. If used with the -s option to displayper-protocol statistics, proto may be tcp, udp, or ip.
-R Displays the contents of the routing table.-S Displays per-protocol statistics. By default, statistics are
shown for TCP, UDP and IP; the -p option may be used to specifyA subset of the default.
interval Redisplays selected statistics, pausing interval secondsbetween each display. Press CTRL+C to stop redisplayingstatistics. If omitted, netstat will print the currentconfiguration information once.
-a Displays current ARP entries by interrogating the currentprotocol data. If inet_addr is specified, the IP and Physicaladdresses for only the specified computer are displayed. IfMore than one network interface uses ARP, entries for each
ARP table are displayed.-g Same as -a.inet_addr Specifies an internet address.
Arp Cont.-N if_addr Displays the ARP entries for the network interface specified
by if_addr.-D Deletes the host specified by inet_addr.-S Adds the host and associates the Internet address inet_addr
with the Physical address eth_addr. The Physical address isgiven as 6 hexadecimal bytes separated by hyphens. The entryis permanent.
eth_addr Specifies a physical address.if_addr If present, this specifies the Internet address of the
interface whose address translation table should be modified.If not present, the first applicable interface will be used.
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Winipconfig
Configuración de Configuración de Router CiscoRouter Cisco
• Permite configurar interfaces y rutas.• Entrar al modo configuración:
– Router# configure [terminal]--> Router(config)#
• Salir del modo configuración:– Router(config)# exit --> Router#– Router(config)# CTRL-Z (o end) -->
Router#
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Configuración de Interfaces• Router(config)# interface tipo nbr -->
• Fast ethernet:interface fastethernet 0ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0no shutdown
• Serieinterface serial 0 ip address 192.168.1.1 mask 255.255.255.252no shutdown
Configuración de rutas
• Router(config)#ip route Red destino máscara next_hop
• Configuración de una ruta estática:ip route 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
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• Verificar la configuración:Router# sh interfaceRouter# sh ip route
• Grabar los cambios– Router# write
• Salir del router– Router# logout
Ping (Cisco)Router# pingProtocol [ip]:Target IP address: 131.108.1.27Repeat count [5]:Datagram size [100]: 1000Timeout in seconds [2]:Extended commands [n]: yesSource address:Type of service [0]:Set DF bit in IP header? [No]: yesData pattern [0xabcd]:Loose, Strict, record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 1000-byte ICMP Echos to 131.108.2.27,
timeout is 2 seconds:M.M.MSuccess rate is 60 percent, round-trip min/avg/max =
4/6/12 ms
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Ping (Cisco) Cont.
Ping test charactersSignificado de cada carácter.
! Each exclamation point indicates receipt of a reply.. Each period indicates the network server timed out while waiting
For a reply.U destination unreachable error PDU received.N network unreachable.P protocol unreachable.Q source quench.M could not fragment.? Unknown packet type.
Trace test charactersChar meaningNn msec the probe was successfully returned in nn milliseconds.* The probe timed out.? Unknown packet type.Q source quench.P protocol unreachable.N network unreachable.U host unreachable.