1 COURSE OUTLINE LABOR STANDARDS LAW Academic Year 2012-2013 PART ONE INTRODUCTORY MATERIALS 1. Labor Law in General 1.01. Labor Law Defined - See any Labor Dictionary or Law Dictionary 1.02. Law Classification – Labor Standards, Labor Relations, and Welfare Laws – See Any Textbooks and Titles, Labor Code of the Philippines , P.D. No. 442, As Amended. Labor Standards Batong Buhay Goldmines, Inc. v. de la Serna, G.R. No. 86963, 312 SCRA 22 (99) Peñaranda v. Baganga Plywood Corp., G.R. No. 159577, May 3, 2006 , 489 SCRA 94 (06) 1.03. Basis for Enactment – Constitution (1987) – ART. II, Sec. 18; ART. XIII, Sec.1, 2 & 3 [SEE ALSO ARTICLE II, SEC. 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18 & 20; ARTICLE III, SEC. 1, 4 & 8, ARTICLE XIII, SEC.1, 2, 3 & 14] Police Power CMS Estate , Inc. v. Social Security System, 132 SCRA 106 (84) 1.04. Source of Law A. Labor Code and Related Special Legislation (Including Implementing Rules) Mariveles Shipyard Corp. v. C.A., 415 SCRA 573 (03) B. Contract - ART. 1305 – 1306, NCC Kasapian etc. v. C.A. 487 SCRA 487 (06) C. Collective Bargaining Agreement – Book Five, Rule I, Sec. 1 (j)
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COURSE OUTLINE LABOR STANDARDS LAW Academic Year 2012-2013
PART ONE
INTRODUCTORY MATERIALS
1. Labor Law in General
1.01. Labor Law Defined - See any Labor Dictionary or Law Dictionary 1.02. Law Classification – Labor Standards, Labor Relations, and Welfare Laws – See Any
Textbooks and Titles, Labor Code of the Philippines , P.D. No. 442, As Amended.
Labor Standards
Batong Buhay Goldmines, Inc. v. de la Serna, G.R. No. 86963, 312 SCRA 22 (99)
Peñaranda v. Baganga Plywood Corp., G.R. No. 159577, May 3, 2006 , 489 SCRA 94 (06)
1.03. Basis for Enactment – Constitution (1987) – ART. II, Sec. 18; ART. XIII, Sec.1, 2 & 3 [SEE
ALSO ARTICLE II, SEC. 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18 & 20; ARTICLE III, SEC. 1, 4 & 8, ARTICLE XIII, SEC.1, 2, 3 & 14]
Police Power
CMS Estate , Inc. v. Social Security System, 132 SCRA 106 (84)
1.04. Source of Law
A. Labor Code and Related Special Legislation (Including Implementing Rules)
Mariveles Shipyard Corp. v. C.A., 415 SCRA 573 (03)
B. Contract - ART. 1305 – 1306, NCC
Kasapian etc. v. C.A. 487 SCRA 487 (06)
C. Collective Bargaining Agreement – Book Five, Rule I, Sec. 1 (j)
Samahang Mangagawa etc. v. NLRC, 295 SCRA 171 (98)
American Wire and Cable Daily Rated Employees Union v. American Wire and Cable Co., Inc., 457 SCRA 684 (05)
Pag-asa Steel Works , Inc. v. C.A, 486 SCRA 475 (06)
E. Company Policies
Suico v. NLRC , 513 SCRA 375 (07)
China Banking Corp. v. Borromeo, 440 SCRA 622 (04)
Maneja v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 603 (98)
1.05. Law and Worker
Ankor Technology v. Juangco, 512 SCRA 325 (07)
Cebu Royal Plant v. Hon. Deputy Minister of Labor, 153 SCRA 38 (87)
Vicente G. Sinco, Philippine Constitutional Law 2nd Ed. (1960), pp. 130-134
Joaquin G. Bernas, The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines: A Commentary, 2003 Ed., pp.441-445
1.06. Labor Case
Enriquez v. BPI, 544 SCRA 590 (08)
Smart Communications v. Astoria, 542 SCRA 435 (08)
Pioneer Concrete Products , Inc. v. Todaro , 524 SCRA 153 (07)
Villamaria v. C.A 487 SCRA 571 (06)
Lapanday Agricultural Development Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 324 SCRA 39 (00)
1.07. Case Decision
Philmore v. Suganib, 557 SCRA 439 (08)
EDI Staff Builders International Inc. v. Magsino, 359 SCRA 212 (01)
Anino v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 489 (98) 1.08. Management Function
Recognition
San Miguel Corp. v. NLRC, 551 SCRA 410 (08)
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Norkis Trading Co. Inc. v. Gnilo, G.R. No. 159730, February 11, 2008; 544 SCRA 278 (08)
Punzal v. EISI Technologies, Inc. 518 SCRA 66 (07)
Torreda v. Toshiba, 515 SCRA 133 (07)
Star Paper Corp. v. Simbol, 487 SCRA 228 (06) Limitations
Marival Trading, Inc. v. NLRC, 525 SCRA 708 (07)
Tinio v. C.A., G.R. No. 171764, June 8, 2007;524 SCRA 533 (07)
1.09. Compromise and Waiver – ART. 227; Arts. 2028, 2036
Flight Attendants and Stewards Association of the Phis. v. PAL, G.R. No. 178083, July 22, 2008; 559 SCRA 252 (08)
Hanjin etc. v. Ibañez, G.R. No. 170181, June 26, 2008; 555 SCRA 537 (08)
R.B. Michael Press v. Galit, G.R. No. 153510, February 13, 2008; 545 SCRA 23 (08)
Arellano v. Powertech Corporation, G.R. No. 150861, January 22, 2008; 542 SCRA 182 (08)
2. Labor and The Constitution
Statutory Reference: - 1935, 1973 AND 1987 CONSTITUTIONS
2.01. Historical Background/Rationale
Antamoc Goldfields Mining Co., v. CIR, 70 Phil. 340 (40) 2.02. Nature of Provision
PCL Shipping Phils., Inc. v. NLRC, 511 SCRA 44 (07)
Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. Santos , 218 SCRA 415 (93) 2.03 1987 Constitution
A. Labor Sector – Characterized - Art. II, Sec. 18
B. Protection of Labor – Guarantees – Art. XIII, Sec. 3 . Compare: 1935 Constitution –
Art.XIV, Sec.3; 1973 Constitution – Art. II, Sec. 9 and 1987 Consitution, Art. XIII, Secs. 1, 3; Art. II, Secs. 10,18
Lopez v. Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage Authority, 462 SCRA (05)
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Joaquin A. Bernas, S.J. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, pp . 1194-1197
C. Social Justice – Art. II, Sec. 10; 1973 Constitution; Art. II, Sec. 5, 1935 Constitution; 1987 Constitution, Art. XIII, Secs . 1-2 Definition – Social Justice
Enriquez v. BPI, 544 SCRA590 (08)
PLDT v. Bolzo, 530 SCRA 550 (07)
Calalang v. Williams, 70 Phil. 726 (40) Limits of Use
Heirs of Jugalbot v. CA, 518 SCRA 202 (07)
Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 (04)
Phil. Long Distance Telephone Co. v. NLRC, 164 SCRA 671 (88)
2.04. Constitutional Rights and Labor Law
Management and the Constitution
Sarocam v. Interorient Maritime Ent., Inc. v. 493 SCRA 502 (06)
Dayan v. Bank of the Phil. Islands, 369 SCRA 712 (01) Equal Work Opportunities
Francisco v. NLRC, 500 SCRA 690 (07)
Star Paper Corp. v. Simbol, 487 SCRA 228 (06) Labor as Property
Executive Secretary v. Court of Appeals , 429 SCRA 81 (04)
Asuncion v. NLRC, 362 SCRA 56 (01)
Maneja v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 603 (98) Due Process Requirements
Ang Tibay v. CIR , 59 Phil. 635 (40)
Air Manila, Inc. v. Balatbat, 38 SCRA 489 (71)
Century Textile Mills, Inc. v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 528 (89) Liberty of Contract / Laissez –faire and State Interference
Phil. Assn. of Service Exporters v. Drilon, 163 SCRA 386 (88)
Leyte Land Transpotation Co. v. Leyte Farmers and Workers Union, 80 Phil. 842 (48)
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Welfare State
Alalayan v. National Power Corporation, 24 SCRA 172 (68) Participation In Decision Making Process
Philippine Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 225 SCRA 301 (93)
Phil. Assn. of Service Exporters v. Drilon, 163 SCRA 386 (88)
3. Labor and The Civil Code
Statutory Reference : Civil Code of the Philippines, R.A. No. 386 as amended
3.01. Role of Law – Art. 1700 Labor Contracts
Philippine Telephone and Telegraph Co., v. NLRC, 272 SCRA 596 (97)
Brew Master International, Inc. v. NAFLU, 271 SCRA 275 (97)
3.02. Employer - Employees Standards of Conduct – Art. 1701 Art. 1701. Neither capital nor labor shall act oppressively against the other, or impair the interest or convenience of the public. Fair Treatment
Uypitching v. Quiambao, 510 SCRA 172 (07) Law Compliance
Sarmiento v. Tuico, 162 SCRA 676 (88)
Employee Obedience and Compliance Employer Orders
Gustilo v. Wyeth Phils., Inc., 440 SCRA 67 (04)
GTE Directories Corp. v. Sanchez, 197 SCRA 452 (98)
PCIB V. Jacinto, 196 SCRA 197 (91) Public Policy
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Avon Cosmetics, Inc. v. Luna , 511 SCRA 376 (07)
4. Labor and International Covenants Labor Standards and Welfare Law) p. 17 to 20 Azucena
4.01. Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Arts. 3,7,17,22, 23,24,25 4.02. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - - Part III, Arts. 6,7,9,11 4.03. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - - Part. II, Art. 8 4.04 Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization (ILO)
International Conventions
International School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, 333 SCRA 13 (00)
5. The Labor Code of the Philippines 5.01. Decree Title - 1
5.02. Effectivity – 2
5.03. Policy Declaration - 3; CF. CONSTITUTION, ART.XIII, Sec. 3
5.04. Rational, Spirit, Intent
Magallanes v. Sun Yat Sen Elementary School, 542 SCRA 78 (08)
Light Railway Transit Authority v. Venus, 485 SCRA 301 (06) International Agencies
Ebro III v. NLRC, 261 SCRA 399 (96) School Teachers
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Chiang Kaishek College v. Court of Appeals , 437 SCRA 171 (04)
National Mines and Allied Workers Union v. San Ildefonso College, etc., 299 SCRA 24 (98)
Religious Corporations
Austria v. NLRC, 312 SCRA 410 (99) Managerial Employees
Peñaranda v. Baganga Plywood Corp., 489 SCRA 94 (06)
5.06. Rule Making Power – 5 Limitation – Rule Making Power – Policy Instructions
Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 583 (2004)
Rizal Empire Insurance Group v. NLRC, 150 SCRA 565 (1987)
CBTC Employees Union v. Calve, 141 SCRA 9 (1986)
5.07. Law Interpretation – 4; Art. 1702, New Civil Code of the Philippines, Liberal Construction
Manaya v. Alabang Country Club, 525 SCRA 144 (2007)
Duncan Association etc., v. Glaxo Wellcome, 438 SCRA 343 (2004)
Salinas v. NLRC , 319 SCRA 54 (1999) In favour-Labor- Rationale
Acuña v. C.A., 489 SCRA 658 (2006)
Asian Transnational Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 425 SCRA 478 (2004)
Abella v. NLRC, 152 SCRA 140 (1987) Doubt
Clemente v. GSIS, 152 SCRA 500 (1987) No Doubt
Bonifacio v. GSIS , 146 SCRA 276 (1986) Sweeping Interpretation
Bravo v. Employees Compensation Commission, 143 SCRA 101 (1986)
Factual Considerations and Rationality
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Phil. Airlines , Inc. v. NLRC, 201 SCRA 687 (1991)
Equity and Moral Consideration
Manning International Corp., v. NLRC, 195 SCRA 155 (1991) Fairness
Reliance Surety And Insurance Co., Inc., v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 365 (1991) Balancing Conflicting Claims
Duncan Association etc., v. Glaxo Wellcome Phils., Inc. 438 SCRA 343 (2004)
Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 201 SCRA 687 (1992)
6. Work Relationship
6.01. Work Relationship
A. Definitions: Employer, and Employees [See any Labor or Law Dictionary] - 97 (a), (b), (c); 167 (f), (g); 212 (e), (f). Policy Instruction No. 40, (1979) – Employment in Broadcast Industry
Employee
Uy v. Villanueva , 526 SCRA 73 (2007)
United Pepsi-Cola Supervisory Union (UPSU) v. Laguesma , 288 SCRA 15 (1998)
A. Employer-Employee Relationship
Factual Test
Television and Production Exponents, Inc. v. Servaña, G.R. No. 167648, January 28, 2008 542 SCRA 578 (2008)
Remington Industrial Sales Corp. v. Castañeda, 507 SCRA 391 (2007)
Established
Miguel v. JCT Group, Inc., G.R. No. 157752, March 16, 2005, 453 SCRA 529 (05)
Wack-Wack Golf and Country Club v. NLRC, 456 SCRA 280 (2005) Factors
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Pacific Consultants International Asia, Inc. v. Schonfeld , G.R. No. 166920, February 19, 2007, 516 SCRA 209 (07)
Gabriel v. Bilon, G.R. No. 146989, February 7, 2007, 515 SCRA 29 (07)
Philippine Global Communications, Inc. v. De Vera, 459 SCRA 260 (2005) Control Test
Lopez v. Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, 462 SCRA 425 (2005)
UERMMMC – R.D.U. v. Laguesma, cited in Felix v. Buenaseda, 240 SCRA 139 (1996)
Transport Corp. v. Ejandra, 428 SCRA 725 (04)
Insular Life v. NLRC, 179 SCRA 459 (89) Economic Test
Sevilla v. Court of Appeals, 160 SCRA 171 (88)
Francisco v. NLRC, 500 SCRA 690 (06) Agreement
Chavez v. NLRC, 478 (05)
San Miguel Corp. v.Abella, 461 SCRA 392 (05)
Lopez v. Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, 462 SCRA 428 (05)
Sonza v. AB-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 381 (04)
Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd. V. NLRC, 287 SCRA 476 (98) Broadcast - Talents – Performers
Television etc. v. Servana , 542 SCRA 578 (08)
Dumpit-Murillo v. CA, 524 SCRA 290 (07)
ABS-CBN v. Nazareno, 503 SCRA 204 (07)
Method Wage Payment
Almirez v. Infinite Corp. Technology Corp., 481 SCRA 364 (06)
Lazaro v. SSS, 435 SCRA 472 (04) Hours of Work
Lazaro v. SSS, 435 SCRA 472 (04)
Proof
Television and Production Exponents, Inc. v. Servaña, 542 SCRA 578 (08)
6.02. Independent Contractor and Labor Contractor Only – 106-107; 109; DOLE Order No. 18-A, Series of 2011 (Rules Implementing Articles 106 to 109 of the Labor Code, as amended); DOLE Department Order No. 14, Series of 2001 (Guidelines Governing the Employment and Working Conditions of Security Guards and Similar Personnel in the Private Security Industry. A. Independent Contractor Management Function - Determination Need
Manila Electric Co. v. Quisumbing, 302 SCRA 173 (99)
Trilateral Relationship
PAL v. Ligan, 547 SCRA 181 (08)
Requirements - Independent Contractor
PAL, Inc. v. Ligan, 547 SCRA 181 (08)
Big AA Manufacture v. Antoni, 484 SCRA 333 9060
Lakas v. Burlingame Corp., 524 SCRA 690 907)
Desirable – Unnecessary
Manila Electric Co., v. Benamira, 463 SCRA 331 (05)
Coca-Cola Bottlers Phil., Inc. v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 131 (99)
Proof
Oregas v. NLRC, 559 SCRA 153 (08)
Employment – Employee Relationship
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Mercury Drug Corp. v. Libunao, 434 SCRA 404 (04)
Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 430 (98)
Liability
Jaguar v. Sales, 552 SCRA 295 (08)
MERALCO, etc. v. NLRC, 548 SCRA 315 (08)
Eparwa Security v. Liceo de Cagayan, 508 SCRA 370 (07)
B. Labor Contractor Only
Requisites and Prohibition
Mandaue etc. v. Andales, 548 SCRA 17 (08)
Aboitiz Haulers, Inc. v. Dimapatol, 502 SCRA 271 (06)
Maraguinot v. NLRC , 284 SCRA 539 (98)
C. Effect of Finding
Mandaue etc. v. Andales, 548 SCRA 17 (08)
San Miguel Corp.v. MAERC Integrated Services, Inc., 405 SCRA 579 (03)
Aboitiz Haulers, Inc. v. Dimapatol, 502 SCRA 271 (06)
7. Employee Classification
Statutory Reference: Art. 280 LC; Book VI, Rule 1, Sec.5, Rules To Implement the Labor Code
Statutory Reference: Art. 13-29, Labor Code; Book I, Rules III-VIII, Omnibus Rules; Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 ( R.A. No. 8042); As Amended by R.A. 9422 (2007) and R.A. 10022 (2010)
R.A. No. 8759 (2000) – Public Employment Service Office Act of 1999 – Secs. 2-3
E.O. No. 857 – Governing the Remittance to the Philippines of Foreign Exchange Earnings of Filipino Workers Abroad and for Other Purposes-1984
2.01. Recruitment and Placement of Workers – Definition – Art. 13 (a); 13 (b)
2.07 Illegal Recruitment – Articles 38, 34, Labor Code; Sec. 6, R.A. No. 8042; Sec. 2 and 5, as amended by R.A. No. 10022
Elements of Crime
People vs. Sagayaga, 423 SCRA 105 (04)
People vs. Baytic, 398 SCRA 18 (03)
CF Sharp Crew Management, Inc. vs. Espanol, 533 SCRA 424 (07)
Lapasaran vs. People, G.R. No. 179907, February 12, 2009, 578 SCRA 658 Large Scare
o People vs. Buli-e, 404 SCRA 105 (03) o People vs. Dujua, 422 SCRA 169 (04) o People vs. Reyes, 242 SCRA 264 (95)
Referrals
o People vs. Meris, 329 SCRA 33 (00) o People vs. Fortuna, 395 SCRA 354 (03) o Rodolfo vs. People, G.R No. 146964, Aug. 10, 2006, 498 SCRA 377
Employees
o People vs. Corpuz, 412 SCRA 479 (03) o People vs. Sagayaga, 423 SCRA 468 (04) o People vs. Gutierrez, 422 SCRA 32 (04)
2.08 Enforcement and Sanctions – Articles 36-39, Labor Code; Sec. 7, R.A. No 10022
Executive Secretary v. CA, 429 SCRA 81 (04) 2.09. Liability of Agency
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G & M (Phil.) Inc. v. Bato-Malaquz, 461 SCRA 111 (05)
Datuman vs. First Cosmopolitan Manpower and Promotion Services, Inc., G.R. No. 156029, November 14, 2008, 571 SCRA 41
2.10. Migrant Workers Act- R.A. No. 8042, Secs. 2, 4, 6 and 10 (as amended by R.A. No.
10022)
Flourish Maritime Shipping v. Almanzor, 548 SCRA 713 (08)
Phil. Employ Services, etc. v. Paranio, 427 SCRA 732 (04)
Chavez vs. Bonto-Perez, 242 SCRA 73 (95)
Placewell Intl. Services Corp., v. Camote, 492 SCRA 761 (06)
PNB vs. Cabansag, 460 SCRA 514 (05)
Sim vs. NLRC, 534 SCRA515 (07)
Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. G.R. No. 167614, March 24, 2009, 582 SCRA 254
Skippers United Pacific, Inc. vs. Doza; G.R. No. 175558, February 8, 2012
PERT/CPM Manpower Expondent Co. Inc. vs. Vinuya; G.R. No. 197528, September 5, 2012
2.11. Pre-Termination
Flourish Maritime v. Alanzor , 548 SCRA 712 (08)
3. Alien Employment
Statutory Reference: Arts. 40-42, Labor Code; Revised Guidelines for Issuances of Employment Permit – 1988
3.01. Coverage
Non-Resident Alien
Almodiel v. NLRC, 223 SCRA 341 (93)
3.02. Technique Regulation - Employment Permit - Art. 40-42; ART. XII, Sec.12, Constitution R.A. No. 7916 – The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995. – Secs. 2 (b); 3 (c); 4, 10, 40 R.A. No. 7918 – Amending Omnibus Investments Code of 1987 – Sec.39 (g) Authority Employment Permit - Issuance
General Milling Corp. v. Torres, 196 SCRA 215 (91)
4. Employment of Apprentices. Learners and Handicapped Workers
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Statutory Reference: Art. 57-81, Labor Code; Technical Education and Skills Development Authority Act of 1994( R.A. No. 7796); Dual Training Systems Act of 1994 ( R.A. No. 7686); Magna Carta for Disabled Persons (R.A. No. 7277)
Century Canning Corp. v. C.A., 530 SCRA 501 (07) 4.02. Apprentice
a. Defined - Sec. 4(j) (R.A. No. 7796) b. Apprenticeable Occupation - Sec. 4 (m), (R.A. No. 7796) c. Qualification – Sec. 12, R.A. No. 7610, as amended by R.A. No. 7658 d. Allowed Employment –
Requirement Program Approval
Nitto Enterprises v. NLRC, 248 SCRA 654 (95)
e. Terms and Conditions of Employment – Articles 61-72 f. Costs - Art. 71 g. Enforcement – Articles 65-67
4.03. Learners
A. Defined - Sec. 4 (R.A. No. 7796) B. Allowed Employment – Sec., 74 (b) C. Terms and Conditions of Employment – Sec. 75,76
4.04. Handicapped Worker – R.A. No. 7277 (1992, Magna Carta for Disabled Persons)
A. Defined – 4(a), (b), (c), (d), 1-8 (R.A. No. 7277) B. Allowed Employment – 5 (R.A. No. 7277)
Regular Worker
Bernardo v. NLRC, 310 SCRA 186 (99)
5. Conditions of Employment – Hours of Work
Statutory Reference : Arts. 82-90, Labor Code; Book III, Rules I, IA, II, Rules to Implement the Labor Code
5.01. Hours Regulation Rationale and Enforcement
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Manila Terminal Co. Inc., v. CIR, 91 Phil. 625 (52)
Placewell International, etc. v. Camote 492 SCRA 761 (06)
F. Minimum Wages
Statutory Reference: Arts. 126-127, Labor Code; Book III, Rule IX, Rules to Implement the Labor Code; R.A. No. 6727 9.19. Wages And The Constitution – ART. XIII, SEC. 3
Minimum Wages
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Atok Big Wedge Mining Co., Inc. v. Atok Big Wedge Mutual BenefitAssociation, 92 Phil. 755 (53)
Beneficiaries
People v. Gatchalian, 104 Phil. 664 (59)
Effect Inability Pay
Phil. Apparel Workers Union v. NLRC, 106 SCRA 444 (81) 9.20. Agencies For Wage Fixing Machinery
A. National Wages and Productivity Commission – Articles 120, 121, 126 B. Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Board – Articles 122, 126
Functions
Nasipit Lumber Co., v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 339 (03) 9.21. Area Minimum Wages And Criteria – Art. 124 9.22. Wage Order – Articles 123-124 Methods of Fixing
Employers Convederation of the Phil. v. National Wages and Productivity Commission, 201 SCRA 759 (91)
Agency Authority
Nasipit Integrated etc. v. Nasipit, etc. 556 SCRA 150 (98) Requirements Validity
Cagayan Sugar Milling co. v. Secretary, 284 SCRA 150 (98)
Piece Worker
Lambo v. NLRC, 317 SCRA 420 (99)
Pulp etc. v. NLRC, 279 SCRA 408 (97)
9.23. Effect On Benefits – Art. 100
Prubankers Assn. v. Prudential Bank and Co., 302 SCRA 74 (99)
Arco Metal, etc. v. Samahan, etc., 554 SCRA 110 (08)
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10. Women Workers
Statutory Reference: - Arts. 130-138, Labor Code; Book III, Rule XII, Rules to Implement the Labor Code; R.A. No. 7877, R.A. No. 8184; and R.A. No. 8282 10.01 Women And The Constitution – ART. II, SEC. 14
Women Workers
Phil. Telegraph and Telephone co., v. NLRC, 272 SCRA 596 (97)
10.02 Coverage – Book III, Rule XIIIiii, Sec. 1, Rules to Implement the Labor Code 10.03 Prohibited Acts
1) Night work and Exception – Articles 130-131 2) Discrimination – Art. 135 3) Marriage – Art. 136 4) General – Art. 137
10.04. Facilities – Articles 132, 134
10.05. Special Classification Special Women Workers – Art. 138
10.06 Maternity Leave – See Social Security Act Of 1997, Sec. 14-A, and Parternity Leave Act Of 1996, R.A. No. 8187
10.07 Sexual Harassment – R.A. No. 7877
Policy – Sec. 2 Work Related Environment – Secs. 3, 3(A) (1-3) Education Or Training-Related Environment – Secs. 3, 3(B) (1-4)
Duty Employer – Sec. 4 Liability Employer – Sec. 5 Remedies – Secs. 6-7
Bacain v. Wahiman, 553 SCRA 137 (08)
Domingo v. Rayala, 546 SCRA 90 (08)
Phil. Aelous Automotive United Corp. v. NLRC, 331 SCRA 237 (00)
Libres v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 675 (99)
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11. Minors
Statutory Reference: Arts. 138-140, Labor Code; R.A. No. 7610 (1991) as amended by R.A. No. 7658 (1993), Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, etc.
11.01. Minors And The Constitution – Art. II, Sec. 13
11.02 Law – Art. VIIi, Working Children, R.A. No. 7610, As Amended By R.A. No. 7658 – Secs. 2, 3, 12-16
11.03 Discrimination -140
12. Social Security Program Statutory Reference: Republic Act 1161 as amended by Republic Act No. 8282