Lab Ten 1378

8/6/2019 Lab Ten 1378

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Programming Fundamentals LabSpring 2011

Lab Number: 10

Registration: 1378-FBAS/BSSE/F10

Name: Muhammad Anas

Section: A

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

FACULTY OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

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Report of Lab Ten

Experiments and Exercises

Question No. 1

Part a)

Source Code

#include <iostream>using namespace std;

//takes an integer as argument and//returns its square

int square(int a){

a = a*a;return a;

}/////////////...............///////int main(){

int n;cout << "Enter an integer to calculate its square: ";cin >> n;cout << "Square is " << square(n)//call to the function

<< endl;

system("pause");return 0;

}

Output Screens

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Part b)

Source Code


//takes an integer as argument and//returns its squareint square2(int &a){

a = a*a;return a;

}/////////////...............///////int main(){

int x;cout << "Enter x: ";cin >> x;cout << "Square of x is " << square2(x)//call to the function

<< endl;cout << "\nAnd the value of x is now " << x//the value of x has now changed

<< endl << endl;


}

Output Screens

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Part c)

Source Code


//takes an integer as argument and//returns its squareint square3(int* a){

(*a) = (*a)*(*a);return (*a);

}/////////////...............///////int main(){

int x;cout << "Enter x: ";cin >> x;

cout << "Square is " << square3(&x)//call to the function<< endl;

cout << "\nAnd the value of x is now " << x//the value of x has now beenchanged

<< endl << endl;


}

Output Screens

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Question No. 2

Source Code


//here come the declarations of all the functions//in this program. check function definitions for input//output details.....................................void get_operands(float&, float&);float add(float, float);float sub(float, float);float mul(float, float);float div(float, float);long double factorial(int);//////////////////....................\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

void main(){

float op1, op2;//operands for binary operationsint n;//operand for factorialchar operation;//operation to perform on above operators

//prompt the user to enter an appropriate operatorcout << "What do you want to do?\n";cout << "Press + for addition" << endl;cout << "Press - for subtraction" << endl;cout << "Press * for multiplication" << endl;cout << "Press / for division" << endl;cout << "Press ! for factorial" << endl;cin >> operation;

//take and validate inputs(operands), carry out the//calculations and output resultsswitch(operation){case '+':

get_operands(op1, op2);cout << op1 << " + " << op2 << " = " << add(op1, op2) << endl;break;

case '-':get_operands(op1, op2);

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cout << op1 << " - " << op2 << " = " << sub(op1, op2) << endl;break;

case '*':get_operands(op1, op2);cout << op1 << " * " << op2 << " = " << mul(op1, op2) << endl;break;

case '/':

get_operands(op1, op2);if (op2 != 0)//don't accept zero in the denominator

cout << op1 << " / " << op2 << " = " << div(op1, op2) << endl;else

cout << "Division by zero is not allowed ...\n";break;

case '!':cout << "Enter the number whose factorial you want to calculate:\n";cin >> n;while (n < 0)//don't accept negative numbers{

cout << "Please enter a non-negative number to calculate itsfactorial!\n";

cin >> n;}cout << n << "! = " << factorial(n) << endl;break;

default:cout << "Sorry! We can't recognize " << operation << " as a valid

operator.\n";}system("pause");

}

//get_operands()//used to input operands from the user//for binary operators such add, subtract etc...

void get_operands(float &o1, float &o2){cout << "Please enter the first number: ";cin >> o1;cout << "Now enter the second number: ";cin >> o2;

}

//add()//returns the sum of two floating point numbers//pased as arguments to itfloat add(float o1, float o2){

return (o1+o2);

}

//sub()//takes two floating point numbers as arguments//subtracts second from the first and and returns//the resulting floating point numberfloat sub(float o1, float o2){

return (o1-o2);}

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//mul()//returns the product of two floating point numbers//passed as arguments as a floating point number.float mul(float o1, float o2){

return (o1*o2);

}

//div()//returns the floating point quotient//of the the two floating point numbers//passed as argumentsfloat div(float o1, float o2){

return (o1/o2);}

//factorial()//takes an integer as argument as returns//its returns its factorial as a long doublelong double factorial(int num){

long double fact=1;for (int i=2; i <= num; i++){

fact *= i;}return fact;

}

Output Screens

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Question No. 3

Source Code

#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;

//function declarations....................................\\\\\\//for input, output details, please//checkout the definitions of each function!!!!!!!!!float averagegpa(float[], int);void lt2gpaholders(float[], string[], int);string highestgpaholder(float[], string[], int);void displaygpa(float[], unsigned int[], int, unsigned int);void editgpa(float[], unsigned int[], int, unsigned int);///////////////////.............................\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

int main(){const int size = 3;float Gpa[size];unsigned int Reg[size];string Name[size];int choice;for (int i=0; i<size; i++){

cout << "Enter Registration number of the student no. " << i+1 << ":";

cin >> Reg[i];cout << "Enter GPA of student no. " << i+1 << ": ";cin >> Gpa[i];

cin.ignore(1024,'\n');cout << "Enter Name of the sudent no. " << i+1 << ": ";getline(cin, Name[i]);

}do {cout << "\n\nPress 1 for Average GPA of class\n"

<< "Press 2 for displaying names of students whose GPA is less than2\n"

<< "Press 3 for displaying name of student whose GPA is highest\n"<< "Press 4 for displaying GPA of a particular student\n"

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<< "Press 5 for modifying GPA of a particular student\n"<< "Press 6 to exit the application\n";

cin >> choice;switch (choice){case 1:

cout << "Average GPA of class is " << averagegpa(Gpa, size) << ".\n";

break;case 2:

cout << "Here is the list of names of the students whose GPA\n"<< "is less 2.\n";

lt2gpaholders(Gpa, Name, size);break;

case 3:cout << "Name of the student with highest GPA is: "

<< highestgpaholder(Gpa, Name, size) << ".\n";break;

case 4:int regnumber;cout << "Enter the registration no. of the student whose GPA you want

to view:\n";cin >> regnumber;displaygpa(Gpa, Reg, size, regnumber);break;

case 5:cout << "Enter the registration no. of the student whose GPA you want

to modify:\n";cin >> regnumber;editgpa(Gpa, Reg, size,regnumber);break;

case 6:exit(0);

default:cout << "Invalid input\n";

}} while (choice != 6);return 0;

}

//averagegpa()//takes an array of floating point point numbers and its size//as arguments and returns the average of all numbersfloat averagegpa(float gpa[], int size){

float totalgpa = 0;for (int i=0; i<size; i++){

totalgpa += gpa[i];

}return (totalgpa/size);}

//lt2gpaholders(): stands for "less than 2 gpa holders"//takes an array of floating point numbers that stores the//gpas of some students while an other array of strings that contains//names of the same students and the common size of both these arrays as//arguments and prints out the names of all those students who//have gpa's less than 2.0

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void lt2gpaholders(float gpa[], string name[], int size){

for (int i=0; i<size; i++){

if (gpa[i] < 2.0)cout << name[i] << endl;

}

}

//highestgpaholder()//takes two arrays containing gpa and names of some students and the size//of these arrays as arguments an returns the name of that student who has//the highest gpa.string highestgpaholder(float gpa[], string name[], int size){

float highest_gpa = gpa[0];for (int i=1; i<size; i++){

if (gpa[i] > highest_gpa)highest_gpa = gpa[i];

}int j;for (j=0; j<size; j++){

if (gpa[j] == highest_gpa)break;

}return name[j];

}

//displaygpa()//prints out the gpa of the student whose registration is passed to it.//also prints an error message if the sent registration number does not exist in//available data. takes the arrays containing gpas and registration numbers

//of the students and the common size of these arrays as arguments too.void displaygpa(float gpa[], unsigned int reg[], int size, unsigned intregnumber){

int i;for (i=0; i<size; i++){

if (regnumber == reg[i]){

cout << "GPA of the student with Registration no. " << reg[i]<<

" is " << gpa[i] << ".\n";break;

}

}if (i == size){

cout << "The registration no. " << regnumber << " was not found inthe available data.\n";

}}

//editgpa()

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//enables one to edit the gpa of a perticular student whose registraion is passedto//it. Also prints out an error message if the supplied registration number doesnot exist//in the available data. Also takes the arays containing gpas and registrationnumbers of the//students and their common size as arguments.

void editgpa(float gpa[], unsigned int reg[], int size, unsigned int regnumber){

int j;for (j=0; j<size; j++){

if (regnumber == reg[j]){

break;}

}if (j == size){

cout << "The registration no. " << regnumber << " was not found inthe available data.\n";

}else{

cout << "Existing GPA of student with registration no. " << regnumber<< " is "

<< gpa[j] << ".\n";cout << "Enter new GPA for this student: ";cin >> gpa[j];cout << "Congratulations! You have successfully modified the GPA of

your required student.\n";}

}

Output Screen

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Question No. 4

Source Code

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//function declarations//see function definitions at the end of this program//for input and output detailsvoid sortArray(int[], int);bool compareArrays(int[], int[], int);////////////////////..............\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

int main(){

const int size = 5;int a1[size], a2[size];bool decider = false;

for (int i=0; i<size; i++){

cout << "Enter element number " << i+1 << " of first set: ";cin >> a1[i];

}for (int i=0; i<size; i++){

cout << "Enter element number " << i+1 << " of second set: ";cin >> a2[i];

}

sortArray(a1, size);sortArray(a2, size);

decider = compareArrays(a1, a2, size);

if (decider)cout << "Both sets are exactly same!\n";

elsecout << "Sets are not same!\n";


}

//sortArray()//sorts the integer type array passed as argument along with its size//in ascending ordervoid sortArray(int a[], int size){

for (int i=0; i<(size-1); i++){

for (int j=0; j<(size-1); j++){

if (a[j] > a[j+1]){

int temp = a[j];a[j] = a[j+1];

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a[j+1] = temp;}

}}

}

//compareArrays

//compare the elements of two similarly sorted integer type arrays//passed to it along with their common size.//returns true if all elemnts in the arrays are same and returns//false otherwise.bool compareArrays(int a1[], int a2[], int size){

bool same=true;for (int i=0; i<size; i++){

if (a1[i] != a2[i]){

same = false;break;

}}return same;

}

Output Screens

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Question No. 5

Source Code


//function declarationfloat average(float[], int);

int main(){

const int size=10;float testArray[size];cout << "Enter " << size << " floating point numbers to calculate their

average:\n";for (int i=0; i<size; i++)

{cin >> testArray[i];

}cout << "The average of these numbers is " << average(testArray, size) <<

endl;system("pause");return 0;

}

//takes a linear float type array and returns the//average of all of its elements also in type float.float average(float numbers[], int size){

long double sum=0;

for (int i=0; i<size; i++)sum+=numbers[i];

return (static_cast<float>(sum/size));}

Output Screen

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Question No. 6

Source Code

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//function declarationdouble average(int[][5], int);

int main(){

const int rows=2, cols=5;int testArray[rows][cols];cout << "Fill out a " << rows << "X" << cols << " matrix of integers:\n";for (int i=0; i<rows; i++)

for (int j=0; j<cols; j++)cin >> testArray[i][j];

cout << "The average of these numbers is " << average(testArray, rows) <<

endl;system("pause");return 0;

}

//average()//calculates the average of all the elements of a two dimensional array//containing 5 columns passed as an argument along with the number of rows//and returns that averagedouble average(int numbers[][5], int rows){

long double sum=0;for (int i=0; i<rows; i++)

for (int j=0; j<5; j++)

sum+=numbers[i][j];return (static_cast<double>(sum/(rows*5)));

}

Output Screen

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Question No. 7

Source Code


//function declarationbool issymmetric(int[5][5]);

int main(){

bool decider;int matrix[5][5];cout << "Enter a 5X5 matrix of integers to check if it is symmetric or

not:\n";for (int i=0; i<5; i++)

for (int j=0; j<5; j++)cin >> matrix[i][j];

decider = issymmetric(matrix);if (decider)

cout << "It is a symmetric matrix.\n";else

cout << "It is not a symmetric matrix.\n";


}

//issymmetric()//takes a two dimensional integer type array i.e. a matrix as argument//returns true if this matrix is symmetric and returns false otherwisebool issymmetric(int m[5][5]){

bool symmetric=true;for(int i=0; i<5; i++){

for (int j=i+1; j<5; j++){

if (m[i][j] != m[j][i]){

symmetric=false;break;

}}if (!symmetric)

break;

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}return symmetric;

}

Output Screens

Question No. 8

Source Code


//function declarations.int gcd(int, int);int gcditerative(int, int);///////.........\\\\\\\\

int main(){

int num1, num2;cout << "Enter two numbers to calculate their greatest common divisor:\n";cin >> num1 >> num2;cout << "Greatest Common Divisor = " << gcd(num1, num2) << endl;cout << "Same thing by iterative version of the function = "

<< gcditerative(num1, num2) << endl;system("pause");return 0;

}

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//gcd()//calculates and returns the greatest common devisior of two integers passed to//it and it does so RECURSIVELY.int gcd(int p, int q){

int r;r=p%q;

if(r == 0)return q;

elsereturn gcd(q, r);

}

//gcditerative()//calculates and returns the greatest common devisior of two integers passed to//it and it does so ITERATIVELY.int gcditerative(int p, int q){

int r;r=p%q;while (r != 0){

p=q;q=r;r=p%q;

}return q;

}

Output Screens

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Question No. 9

Source Code

#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std; //function declaration

string dec_to_binary(int);

int main(){

int number;cout << "Enter a decimal integer to convert it into a binary number:\n";cin >> number;cout << dec_to_binary(number) << endl;system("pause");return 0;

} //dec_to_binary()//takes an integer as an argument and

//returns its binary equivalent in the//form of a string of charactersstring dec_to_binary(int num){

if (num==0)return "0";

else if (num==1)return "1";

else if (num<0)return "-"+(dec_to_binary(-num));

elsereturn (dec_to_binary(num/2)+static_cast<char>((num%2)+48));

}

Output Screens

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Lab Ten 1378

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