Lab Portfolio Formatting Topics – Expt. Design. The IB Portfolio The IB portfolio includes evidence for all laboratory work sessions: 40 hours SL or 60.

Lab Portfolio FormattingLab Portfolio Formatting

Topics – Expt. DesignTopics – Expt. Design

The IB PortfolioThe IB Portfolio

The IB portfolio includes evidence for all The IB portfolio includes evidence for all laboratory work sessions: laboratory work sessions: 40 hours40 hours SL SL or or 60 hours60 hours HL . HL .

a)a) All lab work b) All lab work b) problem solvingproblem solving c) dry c) dry labs d) labs d) formal labsformal labs e) partial labs e) partial labs

FORMATFORMAT

Word process (Word process (1.51.5 space) Times new roman 11 space) Times new roman 11 point fontpoint font

Microsoft Excel for: Graphs, tables, Microsoft Excel for: Graphs, tables, statisticsstatistics

Word can do tables if you have troubleWord can do tables if you have trouble

Include in your portfolio: lab Include in your portfolio: lab handoutshandouts, , instructions, notes, log of lab activities, write-instructions, notes, log of lab activities, write-ups.ups.

Quick TipsQuick Tips

Treat each lab as practice for the internal assessmentTreat each lab as practice for the internal assessment

Maximize use of time in classMaximize use of time in class

Turn in only COMPLETE labsTurn in only COMPLETE labs

Always think about what your results Always think about what your results actually meanactually mean

The process is just as important as the end product.The process is just as important as the end product.

REMEMBER TO KEEP YOUR PORTFOLIO UP TO REMEMBER TO KEEP YOUR PORTFOLIO UP TO DATE – QUARTERLY NOTEBOOK CHECKS !!DATE – QUARTERLY NOTEBOOK CHECKS !!

IB Internal AssessmentIB Internal Assessment

Internal Assessment consists of 2 complete Internal Assessment consists of 2 complete labs (Bio = 1 full and 2 partials, Enviro = 4 labs (Bio = 1 full and 2 partials, Enviro = 4 partials)partials)

You will complete 2 required labs with an option You will complete 2 required labs with an option of a 3of a 3rdrd (science fair) (science fair)

Internal Assessment is Internal Assessment is 23%23% of your final IB of your final IB Biology or IB Environmental scoreBiology or IB Environmental score

Remember: You have full control over this Remember: You have full control over this portion of your IB test scoreportion of your IB test score

Use the following as a format Use the following as a format guide for your IAguide for your IA

Remember: Samples will differ slightly Remember: Samples will differ slightly from this formatfrom this format

Everything underlined here should Everything underlined here should appear as an underlined heading in appear as an underlined heading in your lab – Refer to the hand out for your lab – Refer to the hand out for

referencereference

NameName SchoolSchool

Class / PeriodClass / Period Dates planningDates planning

Lab PartnersLab Partners executionexecution

Use a meaningful, descriptive title of your Use a meaningful, descriptive title of your own creationown creation

IBES IA #1IBES IA #1

Running title: What is the effect of some Running title: What is the effect of some factor on some aspect of the environment?factor on some aspect of the environment?

Factor can be natural or anthropogenicFactor can be natural or anthropogenic

BackgroundBackground

*Information that lead to your question*Information that lead to your question*Background info and Observations*Background info and Observations*Include at least two parenthetical *Include at least two parenthetical references e.g. (Campbell, p. 245) or references e.g. (Campbell, p. 245) or (Platt, 2001)(Platt, 2001)**Must have enough info to support Must have enough info to support problem and hypothesisproblem and hypothesis*FUNNEL THE READER INTO YOUR *FUNNEL THE READER INTO YOUR EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENT

(1/2 page maximum)(1/2 page maximum)

DesignDesign

Problem:Problem: Frequently a question Frequently a question

What is the effect of What is the effect of ___________ on __________?___________ on __________?

e.g. What is the effect of e.g. What is the effect of seasonal changes in rainfall on the seasonal changes in rainfall on the reproduction of tree frogs?reproduction of tree frogs?

Aspects of the Environment Aspects of the Environment Brainstorm: Period 1Brainstorm: Period 1

BiodiversityBiodiversity Cuban Tree Frog colorsCuban Tree Frog colors

Waterway health, conditions etcWaterway health, conditions etc Mountain building / land featuresMountain building / land features

Worm PredatorsWorm Predators Turtle shell density / patternsTurtle shell density / patterns

Urban developmentUrban development Kangaroo pouch volumeKangaroo pouch volume

Weather StabilityWeather Stability Honey badger migrationHoney badger migration

Global WarmingGlobal Warming MalnutritionMalnutrition

Nuclear waste disposalNuclear waste disposal Ice cap volume, areaIce cap volume, area

Beaver Dam numbersBeaver Dam numbers snake shedding schedulesnake shedding schedule

Increase in CO2Increase in CO2 Increased water levels, sea levelsIncreased water levels, sea levels

Whale MigrationsWhale Migrations Australian wind patternsAustralian wind patterns

Giraffe ReproductionGiraffe Reproduction cloud density or formationscloud density or formations

Land pollution, degradationLand pollution, degradation species depletionspecies depletion

Bird populations / diversityBird populations / diversity size of raindropssize of raindrops

Nonnative species / Invasive speciesNonnative species / Invasive species development of alternative energiesdevelopment of alternative energies

Forest AreaForest Area yellowstone deer populations, species diversityyellowstone deer populations, species diversity

DeforestationDeforestation human reproduction rateshuman reproduction rates

Gopher PopulationGopher Population spread of disease / eboila / spread of disease / eboila /

Soil – volume, nutrients, pH, Soil – volume, nutrients, pH, global food supplyglobal food supply

Coral ReefsCoral Reefs

Resources / depletionResources / depletion

Squirrel DietSquirrel Diet

Overpopulation / Human populationOverpopulation / Human population

Ozone VolumeOzone Volume

Fish PopulationFish Population


Rainforests – area, health, productivityRainforests – area, health, productivity

BiodiversityBiodiversity National ParksNational Parks

Ozone volumeOzone volume Marine life, OceansMarine life, Oceans

Animal speciesAnimal species Amount of spaceAmount of space

Global food supplyGlobal food supply Population growthPopulation growth

Water qualityWater quality Quality of foodQuality of food

Standard of livingStandard of living Death rates, Death rates,

AgricultureAgriculture GeneticsGenetics

Depletion of resourcesDepletion of resources

Ice shelves – area, thickness, Ice shelves – area, thickness,


Polar ice caps – size, thicknessPolar ice caps – size, thickness

Populations of speciesPopulations of species

Habitats, EcosystemsHabitats, Ecosystems

Plant growth Plant growth

Poison dart frogsPoison dart frogs

BiomassBiomass

Yellow Squirrel banana paw paw populationsYellow Squirrel banana paw paw populations

Migration patterns Migration patterns

ReproductionReproduction

Species mutationsSpecies mutations

HumidityHumidity

Rate of erosionRate of erosion

Food productionFood production

Factors that could have an Factors that could have an effect: Period 1effect: Period 1

AnthropogenicAnthropogenicOverfishingOverfishing

EcotourismEcotourism

Oil spillsOil spills

Human life spanHuman life span

CFCsCFCs

PollutionPollution

Nickel mining african childrenNickel mining african children

Human populationHuman population

Burning fossil fuelsBurning fossil fuels

RecessionRecession

MalnutritionMalnutrition

Mercury in waterwaysMercury in waterways

Species depletionSpecies depletion

North Koreen nuclear proliferationNorth Koreen nuclear proliferation

Medical discoveriesMedical discoveries

BiomagnificationBiomagnification

Photochemical smogPhotochemical smog

Coal mining in west virginiaCoal mining in west virginia

Gold mining in coloradoGold mining in colorado

WarWar

EutrophicationEutrophication

NaturalNatural

UV radiationUV radiation

Hurricanes, earthquakes,Hurricanes, earthquakes,

Shark attacks in a yearShark attacks in a year

volcanoesvolcanoes

RainRain


AnthropogenicAnthropogenicCO2 emissionsCO2 emissions

CFCs CFCs

Pesticides / runoffPesticides / runoff

Methane gasMethane gas

Beach erosionBeach erosion

Whale huntingWhale hunting

Nuclear wasteNuclear waste

Population growthPopulation growth

DeforestationDeforestation

Cows in IndiaCows in India

Food wasteFood waste

EcotourismEcotourism


NaturalNatural

Beach erosionBeach erosion

WildfiresWildfires

Hurricanes (specific or Hurricanes (specific or general)general)

EarthquakesEarthquakes

Volcanic ashVolcanic ash

Population growthPopulation growth


AnthropogenicAnthropogenicAcid rainAcid rain

PollutionPollution

DeforestationDeforestation

PopulationPopulation


Food supplyFood supply

Cetacean SlaughterCetacean Slaughter

GreenhouseGreenhouse

Waste productionWaste production

Species depletionSpecies depletion

Coral BleachingCoral Bleaching

RadiationRadiation

Tragedy of the Commons – Tragedy of the Commons –

Ozone depletionOzone depletion

NaturalNatural

TemperatureTemperature

PrecipitationPrecipitation

PHPH

DODO

Ocean currentsOcean currents

Natural DisastersNatural Disasters

Sunlight – InsolationSunlight – Insolation

UV radiationUV radiation

Albedo effectAlbedo effect

Hypothesis:Hypothesis:

Based on preliminary infoBased on preliminary infoBe as Be as quantitativequantitative as possible as possibleState as If…Then… & State as If…Then… & BecauseBecause

e.g. e.g. IfIf there is less than 20 cm there is less than 20 cm of rain in a particular season of rain in a particular season thenthen tree tree frogs will not reproduce. frogs will not reproduce.

This will happen because 20cm This will happen because 20cm of rainfall is the minimum to leave standing of rainfall is the minimum to leave standing water in pools for the eggs to float.water in pools for the eggs to float.

VariablesVariables(list them as follows)(list them as follows)

Independent variableIndependent variable = Parts of the experiment = Parts of the experiment that the scientist changesthat the scientist changes

= e.g. amount of rainfall frogs receive= e.g. amount of rainfall frogs receiveDependent variableDependent variable = Variable that is being = Variable that is being

measured (its changes are measured) and how it is measured (its changes are measured) and how it is measuredmeasured

= e.g. size of eggs produced (measured in = e.g. size of eggs produced (measured in cm with calipers)cm with calipers)

Controlled variableControlled variable = What is kept the same = What is kept the same throughout the experiment – throughout the experiment – includeinclude as many as as many as possible & be sure you explain how and why herepossible & be sure you explain how and why here

= e.g. temp, food supply, age, time of year, = e.g. temp, food supply, age, time of year, etc …etc …

MaterialsMaterials

• must be a COMPLETE list must be a COMPLETE list • with an with an explanationexplanation of how each item is of how each item is

used in the experiment used in the experiment • Be specifics on sizes, concentrations, etc.Be specifics on sizes, concentrations, etc.• (include safety equipment)(include safety equipment)

Experimental Set upExperimental Set up

Photographs with Photographs with labelslabels showing ongoing showing ongoing experiment with all apparatus including safety experiment with all apparatus including safety equipmentequipment

A drawing is acceptable if it is detailed and A drawing is acceptable if it is detailed and completecomplete

Procedures:Procedures:

numbered steps – complete enough to be numbered steps – complete enough to be replicated exactly by another personreplicated exactly by another person

Include replicationsInclude replications

Must include method of data analysis, Must include method of data analysis, technology used and tests completedtechnology used and tests completed

Safety:Safety: steps taken for safety in the lab steps taken for safety in the lab

e.g.e.g.

Data Collection and ProcessingData Collection and ProcessingAll results should stand aloneAll results should stand aloneRaw Data TableRaw Data Table

organize in excel or word chart with lines organize in excel or word chart with lines sig. sig. figs., labels, replicates, units, titles, uncertaintiesfigs., labels, replicates, units, titles, uncertainties

Raw Data GraphRaw Data Graphtypically a bar graph showing individual typically a bar graph showing individual

measurements – remember title, axis labels, units, measurements – remember title, axis labels, units, scale, scale,

ObservationsObservationsqualitative observations made during experimentqualitative observations made during experiment

Data ProcessingData ProcessingOverviewOverview – explains how you will analyze the – explains how you will analyze the data (T-test – 1 or 2 tailed - or Linear data (T-test – 1 or 2 tailed - or Linear regression)regression)– Explains why you chose that testExplains why you chose that test

CalculationsCalculations– Sample calculations for each manipulation you do Sample calculations for each manipulation you do

of the raw dataof the raw data– Minimum will include – mean, standard deviation, T-Minimum will include – mean, standard deviation, T-

test or Linear regressiontest or Linear regression– Include formula with your #’s plugged in – if Include formula with your #’s plugged in – if

repetitive may include “…”repetitive may include “…”– Need even if using excel or calculator for itNeed even if using excel or calculator for it

PresentationPresentation• Another 2 tables – Another 2 tables –

1.1. descriptive stats (mean, med. mode), Standard descriptive stats (mean, med. mode), Standard Deviation, other stats, etc. Deviation, other stats, etc.

2.2. Statistical test resultsStatistical test results• T-test = df, T value, p valueT-test = df, T value, p value• Linear Regression = df, critical r value, r valueLinear Regression = df, critical r value, r value

• must be your own presentation not an excel output must be your own presentation not an excel output tabletable

• Graph Graph correct type (bar graph for T-test, correct type (bar graph for T-test, scatterplot with trendline for Linear Regression)scatterplot with trendline for Linear Regression)• label axes, units, title, central tendency and rangelabel axes, units, title, central tendency and range

Example of graphsExample of graphs

Graphs/FiguresGraphs/Figures

Type meaningful titleType meaningful titleLabel axes with unitsLabel axes with unitsDo 1 representation of raw dataDo 1 representation of raw dataDo 2Do 2ndnd for the transformed data (means with error for the transformed data (means with error bars).bars).

e.g. Frogs:e.g. Frogs:a)a) One graph showing pairs of individual frog data One graph showing pairs of individual frog data

(rainfall, eggs per frog) (rainfall, eggs per frog) b)b) One showing Average rainfall (as bar graph) and One showing Average rainfall (as bar graph) and

Average eggs produced (bar graphs)Average eggs produced (bar graphs)c)c) One showing scatter plot of X (rainfall) and Y (eggs) One showing scatter plot of X (rainfall) and Y (eggs)

plots with trend line, r value, linear equationplots with trend line, r value, linear equation

Conclusion (Discussion for IBES)Conclusion (Discussion for IBES)(must have 3 things) (about 1/2 page)(must have 3 things) (about 1/2 page)

1. 1. Compare results to initial hypothesis – Compare results to initial hypothesis – Were Were you right or wrong?you right or wrong?

2. 2. Restate numerical information important to Restate numerical information important to your conclusion – graphs and stats infoyour conclusion – graphs and stats info

What do your results show or mean?What do your results show or mean?

WHY did the expt. turn out the way it did?WHY did the expt. turn out the way it did?

3. 3. You must include a biological explanation for You must include a biological explanation for the results you foundthe results you found

Citations must be used here as well – what was Citations must be used here as well – what was supposed to happen? Why was yours the same or supposed to happen? Why was yours the same or different (at least 2 references)different (at least 2 references)

IBES - ConclusionIBES - Conclusion

½ Page maximum½ Page maximum

You need to frame your work in the You need to frame your work in the context of a broader environmental issuecontext of a broader environmental issue– You studied pH in a pond effecting plants You studied pH in a pond effecting plants

in your narrative you need to Talk about acid in your narrative you need to Talk about acid rainrain

– You studied populations of trees in a forest You studied populations of trees in a forest in your narrative you need to talk about in your narrative you need to talk about biodiversitybiodiversity

EvaluationEvaluation

(about 1/2 page)(about 1/2 page)• Critically evaluate the quality of your data, Critically evaluate the quality of your data,

procedures, etc.procedures, etc.• Variability? Reliability? Error Sources?Variability? Reliability? Error Sources?• You must You must discuss standard deviationdiscuss standard deviation as a as a

numerical estimate of error or variability numerical estimate of error or variability

• Systematic Error – based on your manipulationSystematic Error – based on your manipulation• Random error – nature is variableRandom error – nature is variable

Improvements:Improvements:

• Suggest improvements for procedures & Suggest improvements for procedures & data collectiondata collection

Must have at least 3 improvements Must have at least 3 improvements relating to evaluation issuesrelating to evaluation issues

• E.g. increased E.g. increased sample sizesample size, increased , increased number of replicates, longer sampling number of replicates, longer sampling times, better controls (same age, gender) times, better controls (same age, gender) etc., better accuracy in measurement. etc., better accuracy in measurement.

• DO NOT design a different experiment DO NOT design a different experiment (toads, different time of day, food (toads, different time of day, food available). Work with what you have available). Work with what you have started with.started with.

Works CitedWorks Cited

Minimum of two references – Minimum of two references – probably 4probably 4

Use proper MLA format, refer to Use proper MLA format, refer to handout or reference the internethandout or reference the internet

END OF LABORATORY REPORTEND OF LABORATORY REPORT

Skills AssessmentSkills AssessmentThe following will be assessed by the teacher during the lab

activity and from the write-up. It reflects 12/48 points on your final IA grade

1 Manipulative skills: Graded Summatively across all labs 6 points total

Were all instructions followed?Were procedures carried out efficiently with Proper recording of lab

activities?Was everything done in a safe Manner?

2 Personal skills: Assessed on Jan 9th at Group 4 and included everything this activity encompasses6 points total for this one activity

Worked effectively within a teamRecognized and encouraged contributions of othersSelf motivation and perseveranceEthics – honesty, integrity of data, citing of sourcesAttention to environmental impact

Skills Assessment Automatic Skills Assessment Automatic DeductionsDeductions

1 Manipulative skills: Safety concernsdoes not demonstrate proper techniques not recording data during or by the end of the lab periodFailure to approach lab activities with due diligencefailing to clean up after labNot analyzing data properly Perpetually late labsImproper citations

2 Personal skills / Group 4Safety concernsProblems with completing activities on time line

lack of effort or behavioural issues

Any cheating or plagarism will result in a grade of 0 on the entire lab

Any cheating or plagarism will result in a grade of 0 on the

entire lab

Did I mention that …Did I mention that …

Thoughts on Experimental Thoughts on Experimental DesignDesign

Designing a Good ExperimentDesigning a Good Experiment

1. Replication – do it enough to show that 1. Replication – do it enough to show that the result is not a chance occurrencethe result is not a chance occurrence

2.2. Control & Constants – ensure that you Control & Constants – ensure that you know what is the cause of the effect you know what is the cause of the effect you seesee

I.V. is the manipulated I.V. is the manipulated variable (treatments)variable (treatments)


3. Data collection – plan for the type of data 3. Data collection – plan for the type of data you want to collectyou want to collect

Be precise and meticulous in your Be precise and meticulous in your collection of datacollection of data

4.4. Data analysis – is your result significant?Data analysis – is your result significant?

Statistical tests, graphical analysis, what Statistical tests, graphical analysis, what does it actually show (beyond the #’s)does it actually show (beyond the #’s)


5.5. What does it all meanWhat does it all mean

Why did it happenWhy did it happen

THINK ABOUT THIS, Its your chance to THINK ABOUT THIS, Its your chance to use your knowledge to explain a new use your knowledge to explain a new phenomenonphenomenon

Don’t be afraid to research similar Don’t be afraid to research similar experiments and reference themexperiments and reference them

Lab Portfolio Formatting Topics – Expt. Design. The IB Portfolio The IB portfolio includes evidence for all laboratory work sessions: 40 hours SL or 60.

Documents

anthropogenic slide

design slide

reference slide

ib test score slide

page maximum slide

ib portfolio

lab handouts

environment brainstorm