1 Lab Exercise 4 Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Organization in Animals • Cellular level: Random assembly of cells • Tissue level: Cells connected to form distinct tissues • Organ level: Tissues connected to form organs Levels of Biological Organization • Organ system level – All more advanced organisms – Multiple organ systems working together form an complex organism
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Lab Exercise 4 - csun.educmb24722/Lectures/Lab4SimpleAnimal.pdfPorifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Organization in Animals • Cellular level: Random assembly of cells • Tissue level:
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Lab Exercise 4
PoriferaCnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Organization in Animals
• Cellular level: Random assembly of cells
• Tissue level: Cells connected to form distinct tissues
• Organ level: Tissues connected to form organs
Levels of Biological Organization
• Organ system level
– All more advanced organisms
– Multiple organ systems working together form an complex organism
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Biological Symmetry
• Radial Symmetry
– Body can be divided into mirror image halves through the center
– Examples• Mature Cnidarians
Biological Symmetry
• Bilateral Symmetry
– Body is divisible into left and right halves by a single plane only
– Examples• Flatworms• Arthropods• Vertebrates
Biological Symmetry
• Asymmetry
– Body cannot be divided to produce mirror image halves
– Example• Porifera
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Embryonic Development
Cell Cleavage
Blastula Gastrula
GastrulaGastrula
(Diploblastic)
Ectoderm
Endoderm
Archenteron-Space within
endoderm
Blastopore
Archenteron: becomes adult digestive tract
Blastopore: becomes the mouth or anus
Gastrula(Triploblastic)
Blastopore
Mesoderm
Phylum Porifera
• Diploblastic
• Asymmetrical
• No digestive tissue-absorbs particles from water