Lab Activity 11: Group I Muscles Martini Chapter 11 Portland Community College BI 231
Dec 17, 2015
Lab Activity 11: Group I
Muscles
Martini Chapter 11
Portland Community CollegeBI 231
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Origin and Insertion
• Origin: The place where the fixed end attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective tissue.
• Insertion: The site where the movable end attaches to another structure.
MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
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Frontalis
• Origin: Epicranial aponeurosis
• Insertion: Skin over forehead
• Action: Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead
Epicranial Aponeurosis
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Occipitalis
• Origin: Occipital and temporal bones
• Insertion: Epicranial aponeurosis
• Action: Fixes epicranial aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly
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Orbicularis Oculi
• Origin: Medial orbital margin and zygomatic bone
• Insertion: Skin surrounding eye
• Action: Closes eyelids and depresses skin of forehead
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Temporalis
• Origin: Temporal fossa
• Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible
• Action: Elevates and retracts mandible
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Masseter
• Origin: Zygomatic process and arch
• Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible
• Action: Elevates mandible
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Orbicularis Oris
• Origin: By muscular skips to surround muscles
• Insertion: Muscles interlace to surround mouth
• Action: Closes and purses lips
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• Origin: Zygomatic arch
• Insertion: Corner of mouth
• Action: Elevates corner of mouth
Zygomaticus Major
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• Origin: Fascia of masseter
• Insertion: Corner of mouth
• Action: Draws corner of mouth laterally
Risorius
SUPERFICIAL MUSCULATURE OF THE NECK
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• Origin: Medial tip of suprascapular notch
• Insertion: Body of
hyoid bone
• Action: Depresses hyoid bone
Omohyoid
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• Origin: Posterior surface of manubrium, and medial clavicle
• Insertion: Hyoid bone
• Action: Depresses hyoid bone
Sternohyoid
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• Origin: Mylohyoid line of mandible
• Insertion: Hyoid bone • Action: Elevates
hyoid bone and floor of mouth, depresses mandible
Mylohyoid
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• Origin: Lower border of mandible near midline
• Insertion: Intermediate tendon on the hyoid bone
• Action: Elevates hyoid bone and base of tongue, depresses mandible
DigastricAnterior Belly
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• Origin: Mastoid notch of temporal bone
• Insertion: Intermediate tendon on the hyoid bone
• Action: Moves hyoid bone back
DigastricPosterior Belly
MUSCLES OF THE NECK & BACK
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• Origin: Manubrium and medial third of clavicle
• Insertion: Mastoid process
• Action: Rotates head to opposite side, extends head, and flexes vertebral column
Sternocleidomastoid
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Trapezius
• Origin: External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line and spinous process of C7-T12
• Insertion: Anterior border of scapular spine, acromion process, lateral third of clavicle
• Action: Elevates, adducts, and depresses scapula
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Latissimus Dorsi
• Origin: Spinous processes of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, crest of ilium
• Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus
• Action: Extends, rotates humerus medially, draws shoulder down and backward
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• Origin: Transverse processes of C1-4
• Insertion: Superior angle spine of scapula
• Action: Elevates scapula
Levator Scapula
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• Origin: Spinous process of T1-5 and supraspinous ligament
• Insertion: Medial border below spine of scapula
• Action: Adducts scapula and performs downward rotation
Rhomboid Major
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• Origin: Spinous process of C7-T1
• Insertion: Medial border of scapula at base of spine
• Action: Adducts scapula and performs downward rotation
Rhomboid Minor
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• Origin: Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs
• Insertion: Anterior lip of medial border of scapula
• Action: Holds scapula to chest wall, medially rotates scapula in abducting or extending humerus
Serratus Anterior
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• Origin: Sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae and T11,12
• Insertion: Angles of the ribs. Spinous & Transverse processes of vertebrae
• Action: Extension of vertebral column
Erector Spinae
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• Origin: Iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest
• Insertion: Lower border of 12th rib, transverse process of upper lumbar vertebrae
• Action: Depresses rib cage inferiorly and laterally flexes trunk
Quadratus Lumborum
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• Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6
• Insertion: 1st rib • Action: Elevates 1st
rib, flexes neck forward and laterally, rotates neck
ScalenesAnterior
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• Origin: Transverse processes of C2-C7
• Insertion: 1st rib • Action: Elevates 1st
rib, flexes neck forward and laterally, rotates neck
ScalenesMiddle
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• Origin: Transverse processes of C4-C6
• Insertion: 2nd rib • Action: Elevates 2nd
rib, flexes neck laterally, slightly rotates neck
ScalenesPosterior
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC WALL
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• Origin: Inferior border of rib above
• Insertion: Superior border of rib below
• Action: Elevates rib cage during inspiration
External Intercostal
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• Origin: Superior border of rib below
• Insertion: Inferior border of rib above
• Action: Depresses rib cage during expiration
Internal Intercostal
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Pectoralis Major
• Origin: Medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique
• Insertion: Intertubular groove of humerus
• Action: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus, draws body upward in climbing
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• Origin: Anterior surface of ribs 3 to 5
• Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
• Action: Draws scapula down and forward and elevates ribs
Pectoralis Minor
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
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• Origin: Pubic symphysis and crest of pubis
• Insertion: Xiphoid process and cartilages of ribs 5 to 7
• Action: Tenses abdominal wall and flexes vertebral column
Rectus Abdominus
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• Origin: External surface of lower 8 ribs
• Insertion: Anterior half of iliac crest and linea alba
• Action: Compresses abdomen, contralaterally rotates and flexes vertebral column
External Abdominal Oblique
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• Origin: Lateral half of inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
• Insertion: Lower four ribs, linea alba and by conjoined tendon to pubis
• Action: Compresses abdomen, ipsilaterally rotates and flexes vertebral column
Internal Abdominal Oblique
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• Origin: Lateral third of inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia
• Insertion: Linea alba, and by conjoined tendon to pubis
• Action: Compresses abdomen
Transverse Abdominis
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The End