Lab 25 Model Building Lab. Draw the structural formula for propane.

Lab 25

Model Building Lab

Draw the structural formula for propane

Hydrocarbon Prefixes:IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Hydrocarbon prefixes

meth Ceth C-Cprop C-C-Cbut C-C-C-CPent C-C-C-C-Chex C-C-C-C-C-Chept C-C-C-C-C-C-Coct C-C-C-C-C-C-C-Cnon C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-Cdec C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C

Propane

C C C

H H H

H

HHH

H

Prop- = 3

Now build the molecule with the molecular modeling set.

C

HH

H

Ethene

CH

Eth- = 2

C

HH

H

Ethene

CH

C

HH

H

Ethene

C

H

CHH

H

Ethene (Matches the model set)

CH

IsomersIsomer: Same molecular formula.

C

C

CC

Butane (carbon skeleton)

2-methylpropane

CCCC

Different structural formula.

Shorten chain by 1 carbon and add a branch.

IUPAC name:

IsomersIsomer: Same molecular formula.

CC

C

CC

2,2-dimethylpropane

Pentane (carbon skeleton)

2-methylbutane

CCCCC

C

CCC

C

Different structural formula.

Shorten chain by 1 carbon and add a branch.

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC

Octane

C C C

CCCCC

2-methyl heptane

C C

C

CCCCC C C

Cheptane3-methyl

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Methyl group

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC C C

C

heptane4-methyl1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Methyl group

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC C

C

C

hexane2,2-dimethyl

1 2 3 4 5 6

methyl

methyl

CCCCC C

C

C1 2 3 4 5 6

methyl

methylhexane3,4-dimethyl

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC C

C

C1 2 3 4 5 6

methyl

methylhexane2,4-dimethyl

CCCCC C

C

C1 2 3 4 5 6

methyl

methylhexane2,5-dimethyl

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC C

C

C1 2 3 4 5 6

methyl

methylhexane3,3-dimethyl

CCCCC C

C

C1 2 3 4 5 6

methyl

methylhexane3,4-dimethyl

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC C

C

C

1 2 3 4 5 6

ethyl

hexane3-ethyl

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC

C C

C1 2 3 4 5

methyl

methylpentane2,2,3-trimethylmethyl

CCCCC

C C

C1 2 3 4 5

methyl

methylmethylpentane2,2,4-trimethyl

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC

C C

C1 2 3 4 5

methyl

methylpentane2,3,3-trimethylmethyl

CCCCC

C CC

1 2 3 4 5

methylmethyl

methylpentane2,3,4-trimethyl

Isomers of Octane

CCCCC

C C

C

1 2 3 4 5

ethylpentane3-ethyl

methyl

-2-methyl

CCCCC

C

C

C

1 2 3 4 5

ethylpentane3-ethyl

methyl

-3-methyl

Groups are named alphabetically

Isomers of Octane

CCCC

C C

C1 2 3 4

methyl

methyl

butane2,2,3,3-tetramethyl

methyl

methyl

C