La flessibilità dei cicli combinati di tecnologia ALSTOM D. Pezzella/A. Guizzetti S.S. Giovanni 26 Giugno 2012 Convegno Animp (Sez. Energia) / ATI (Sez Lombardia)
La flessibilità dei cicli combinati di tecnologia ALSTOM
D. Pezzella/A. Guizzetti
S.S. Giovanni 26 Giugno 2012
Convegno Animp (Sez. Energia) / ATI (Sez Lombardia)
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Agenda
Introduction Page 3
Flexible Combined Cycle Power Plant (KA26 example) Page 7
CO2 capture ready solutions Page 24
Fleet Experience Page 26
Summary Page 34
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
CCPP Operating Regime – Past & Present
Shift from base-load expectation to high cyclingOperational Flexibility today a key requirement for CCPP’s
24 hr
7000 – 8300 OH/y~25 starts/y
24 hr
3000 - 7000 OH/y~100-200+ starts/y
MSL or Shut-down during night/weekend
24 hr
3000 - 7000 OH/y~100-200+ starts/y
MSL or Shut-down during night/weekend
CCPP Load Profile Grid Load Profile (Typical)
In the past ..... Today .....
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
0
100
200
300
400
500
60020
09
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
LAM50
Asia
Russia CIS
MEA
Oceania
India
China
Europe
The Winds of Change!
Source: Alstom 2011
GW
Forecast
By 2020 wind capacity is 11% of installed base in
Europe, and 20% in China
CCPP’s expected to called upon more and more to balance intermittent power sources in the future
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Hourly Price Zones (IT) 2011 & 2012
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Key Drivers of Product Development
• #1: Lower Cost of Electricity (CoE)– Initial CAPEX investment + O&M costs
– Net plant output, efficiency at full- and part-load
– Plant reliability & availability
• #2: Increased Operational Flexibility– Large turn-down capability
– Fast start-up & load changes
– Fuel flexibility (composition changes)
• #3: Lower Emissions– Under full- and part-load conditions
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
296 MW
193 MW
>200 MW
115 MW
Gas Turbine Product Portfolio
GT gross electrical output at the generator terminals, including gearbox (where applicable) and generator losses but excluding duct and auxiliary losses.Calculated with 100% methane at ISO conditions, GT cooling air cooler contribution included where applicable
GT26
GT24
GT13E2
GT11N2
Gas turbines with unique combustion technologies
>320 MW
>230 MW
50 Hz
60 Hz
60 & 50 Hz
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26-1 SS “Reference Plant”• 1-on-1 Single-Shaft Power Train configuration on common foundation level• Alstom GT26 Gas Turbine with sequential combustion for high performance/flexibility• Alstom drum-Type HRSG as standard• Alstom hydrogen-cooled (TOPGAS) generator• Alstom Plant Control System (ALSPA )• Alstom Steam Turbine with both axial and lateral LP-exhaust• SSS-clutch between ST and GTG (no auxiliary boiler)• Alstom patented moveable generator foundation• Turbine Building dimensions: ca. 30m(w) x 60m(l) x 25m(h)• 3PRH water-steam cycle (conventional water-steam conditions )• 1 x GSU-Transformer
CL = Shaft Centre-LineSSS = Self-Shifting Synchronous3PRH = Triple Pressure ReheatGSU = Generator Step-Up
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26-2 MS “Reference Plant”
• 2-on-1 Multi-Shaft Power Train configuration
• 2 x Alstom GT26 Gas Turbines, each with TOPAIR (air-cooled ) Generator
• 2 x Alstom drum-type HRSG as standard
• Alstom Steam Turbine with air-cooled (TOPAIR) or hydrogen-cooled (TOPGAS) Generator
• Alstom Plant Control System (ALSPA )
• 3PRH water-steam cycle (conventional water-steam conditions )
• 3 x GSU-Transformers
3PRH = Triple Pressure ReheatGSU = Generator Step-Up
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Nominal Performance – KA26(2011)
Capable of more than 500 MW* (gross)Capable of more than 61% efficiency (gross)
<5688<5688Btu/kWh (LHV)Plant Net Heat Rate
<6000<6000kJ/kWh (LHV)
>60>60% (LHV)Plant Net Efficiency
947473MWPlant Net Output
KA26-2Multi Shaft
2-on-1
KA26-1Single Shaft
1-on-1
Plant performance data at ISO ambient conditions, methane fuel with Direct Cooling
57355739Btu/kWh (LHV)Plant Net Heat Rate
60506055kJ/kWh (LHV)
59.559.5% (LHV)Plant Net Efficiency
935467MWPlant Net Output
KA26-2Multi Shaft
2-on-1
KA26-1Single Shaft
1-on-1
Plant performance data at ISO ambient conditions, methane fuel with Indirect (WCT) Cooling
* With GT Power Augmentation
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT26/KA26 (2011) The Pioneer in Operational Flexibility
PE
RF
OR
MA
NC
E*
Standard EV-burner +LP-Turbine Upgrade
• Superior Part-Load Efficiency• Start up <60 min• High fuel flexibility
>10 x GT26 engines
Compressor Upgrade + Exhaust Housing
Upgrade
1999 features plus:• Increased mass flow• Improved all-round
performance (base-load and part-load)
>15 x GT26 engines
Compressor +Turbine + Combustor
Upgrade +Staged EV-combustion
2002 features plus: • Increased mass flow• Improved cooling and
leakage• Start-up optimization• Lower Emissions• Low Load Operation option• Fast Hot Start (< 30 min)
option
>50 X GT26 engines
Continuous evolutionary upgrade of a proven platform
PE
RF
OR
MA
NC
EF
LE
XIB
ILIT
Y
Compressor +SEV Burner +
LP-Turbine Upgrade
2006 features plus:• Increased mass flow• High all-round performance• Unprecedented
part-load efficiency (virtually constant from 100% to 80% load)
• Switchable Operation Modes (PO and MCO)
2002
2006
2012
1999
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT26/KA26 (2011) 2011 Engine Overview
GT26 (F-class) – same engine platform since mid 1990’s
4 rows VGV‘s
1-stage HP-turbine
4-stage LP-turbine
Solid Rotor
EV-combustor
SEV-combustor
22-stage compressor
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Superior CCPP Part-Load Performance
Absolute η difference at 50% part-load possibly >2%-4%CCPP efficiency virtually constant from 100% to 80% load
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40%
CCPP Load
Typical MSL Range
CC
PP
Rel
ativ
e E
ffici
ency
, ηη ηη r
el
single combustor engine
KA26
Single Combustor GT
2%-4% abs.
MSL = Minimum Stable Load
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Performance Optimised(PO)
• Maximum Power and Efficiency• Normal Inspection Intervals• Normal Availability• Normal Maintenance Costs
On-line switchover
Maintenance Cost Optimised(MCO)
• Extended Inspection Intervalsof up to 30%
• ~3% lower Output• ~0.3% higher heat rate• Higher Availability• Lower Maintenance Costs
Flexible Operation Modes
One Common Hardware - Two Operation Modes
Perfect for volatile power markets
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
100% Load
Hot Start (max. ~8 hrs shutdown)
Warm Start(~60 hrs shutdown)
Cold Start(>120 hrs shutdown)
GT Ignition
Start-up times capabilities for KA26
No auxiliary boiler needed to assist start-up timesNo sparging steam needed to keep boiler warm in downtime
~30 min ~100 min ~150 min
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
LLO – 3 operational options instead of 2!
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11Time
Com
bine
d C
ycle
Rel
ativ
e Lo
ad
Typical Minimum Stable Loadfor Single Combustor technology
Shut-down
KA26 Low Load Operation with entire CCPP online and emission compliant
ca. 40% less fuel consumedcompared with operating
at 50% CCPP load
1
2
3
Spinning / Minute Reserve from below 20% CC plant load350 MW available in 20 min per block
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
C2+ variation tolerance of more than 18% by volume.Wobbe index tolerance ±15%.
GT26’s Superior Fuel Gas FlexibilityC2+ flexibility
• High tolerance to gas variations withouthardware changes or gas preheating
• Fast-acting fuel composition measurement with on-line control
• Ready for changes in fuel gas supply (i.e. LNG)
C2+ varied by more than factor 10 in few hours!
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
• Evaporative Cooling- Cooling by water evaporation through cooling pads
• Fogging- Cooling by water injection with GT inlet humidity close to saturation
• High Fogging- Compressor inter-cooling by water injection with inlet humidity above saturation
compressor
filte
r
airin
combustor
turbine
Evaporative Cooler or Fogging Nozzles
High FoggingNozzles
Sile
ncer
Inlet Air CoolingFoggingHigh Fogging
Types of GT Inlet Cooling
Optimised power augmentation
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
EOH: Equivalent Operating Hours
GT Inlet Cooling Options
‘EOH-neutral’ on-line power augmentation
Air Inlet Cooling at 20% relative humidity
Indicative – Not Project Specific
Power Output off-set
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
NOx Emissions – Clean Power
Lowest NOx emissions over CCPP load range
10% 20% 30% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Relative CCPP Load
NO
xE
mis
sion
(m
g/N
m3 )
0
20
40
60
80
50
0%
Typical NOx Emission
40%
70
Average GT26 NOx Emission
Typical GT NOx Emission
10
LLOC30
Actual NOx emissions depending on fuel composition
EU Limit
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
CO Emissions – Clean Power
Very low CO emissions over wide load range
Relative CCPP Load
0
Typical CO Emission
20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%10%0%
LLOC
CO
Em
issi
on (
mg/
Nm
3 )
40
60
100
80
20
Average GT26 CO Emission
Typical GT CO Emission
Actual CO emissions depending on fuel composition
EU Limit
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26-1 ecoHEATTM
Power
Heat
Low LoadOperation
With bypass & duct firing
(Option)
Condensing Mode
Condensing-Heating Mode
Capable of> 300 MWth
Capable of > 500 MW
> 300 MW thermal for District Heating
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT26 Inspection ConceptEquivalent Operating Hours (EOH)
* For High Intermediate-Load Operation - actual intervals may vary depending on operation regime ** Actual inspection duration may vary depending on operating conditions,
outage scope, parts availability, and staff qualification** From generator breaker off to breaker on
VisualInspection
A(3-4 days **)
VisualInspection
B(incl. ControlSystem Insp.)(4-5 days**)
Hot Gas PathInspection
C(30 days**)
EOH*3500045000 4900063000
1400018000 4200054000
56000720002800036000
210002700070009000
Boroscopic GT Inspection(no burner/cans exchange foreseen, no combustor tuning)
GT Opening(no shipment of rotor forrefurbishment or maintenanceforeseen during service life of rotor)
• EOH-based Inspection Regime (Intermediate Dispatch)
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26 Capture Ready Concept of KA26 with CCS
Future Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR)
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Alstom activity on demonstrations 1st and 2nd Generation CCS
Tests complete
Vattenfall Schwarze-Pumpe Germany-
30 MWth Oxy - Lignite
Dow Chemical Co. US -2 MWth
Adv. Amines - coal
Datang- ChinaOxy 350 MWe lignite,
Post 350 MWe eq. coalAlstom BSF Windsor
US - 15 MWthOxy - coals
Getica - CET TurceniRoumania – >250MWenChilled ammonia - Lignite
PGE BelchatowPoland – 260 MWenAdv. Amines - Lignite
DOE/Alstom WindsorUS – 3 MWth
Chemical looping - coal
2nd Gen
NER300
NER300
Selected for receivingEEPR funding
NER300: Applied for EU ETS New Entrant Reserve funding
EoN KarlshamnSweden - 5 MWth
Chilled Ammonia–Fuel oil
WE – EnergieUS - 5 MWth
Chilled Ammonia, Coal
AEP MountaineerUS - 58 MWth
Chilled Ammonia, coal
Total LacqFrance - 30 MWth
Oxy - Gas
Operating
Alstom Labs VäxjöSweden – 0.25 MWthPost C. – multi purpose
Large-scale projects- under development
NER300
Under construction
TCM MongstadNorway - 40 MWth
Chilled Ammonia - Gas
EDF – Le HavreFrance – 5 MWth
Adv. Amines - Coal
RFCS EU -DarmstadtGermany –1 MWth
Chemical looping - coal
2 Gen
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Gas Power Plants KA26 & KA24 References
red & italic = SCblue = CC single-shaft
blue underlined = CC multi-shaft
CYCOFOS 1xKA26-1FOS SUR MER 1xKA26-1
TERMOBAHIA 1x KA24-1*
TOCOPILLA 1x KA26-1
DOCK SUD 1x KA26-2
FLEVO 2xKA26-1CLAUS C 1xKA26-3**
RINGSEND 1xKA26-1AGHADA 1xKA26-1
SCANDALE 2x KA26-1(*)
GISSI 2x KA26-1MODUGNO 1x KA26-2
GHANNOUCH 1xKA26-1
ROCKSAVAGE 1xKA26-2ENFIELD 1xKA26-1SHOREHAM 1xKA26-1CORYTON 1xKA26-2LANGAGE 1xKA26-2GRAIN 3xKA26-1*STAYTHORPE 4xKA26-1PEMBROKE 5xKA26-1
RDK 1xKA26-1**KW EMSLAND 1xKA26-2
TPP26 1x KA26-1*
CHIBA 1x KA26-1
PORYONG 4x KA24-2
HAI FU 2x KA24-2
ALIVERI 1x KA26-1
GILBERT 1x GT24BURGIN 2x GT24AGAWAM 1x KA24-1MIDLOTHIAN 4x KA24-1ISLAND COGEN 1x KA24-1*LAKE ROAD 3x KA24-1MILFORD 2x KA24-1BLACKSTONE 2x KA24-1BAYSIDE 1x KA24-1**HAYS 4x KA24-1MIDLOTHIAN II 2x KA24-1BELLINGHAM 2x KA24-1LA PALOMA 4x KA24-1
BESOS 1x KA26-1BESOS 1x KA26-1SAN ROQUE 1x KA26-1SAN ROQUE 1x KA26-1CASTEJON 1x KA26-1CARTAGENA 3x KA26-1CASTEJON 2 1x KA26-1MALAGA 1x KA26-1SOTO DE RIBERA 2x KA26-1
TERGA 3x KA26-1
MONTERREY 2x KA24-1ROSARITO 2x KA24-1HERMOSILLO 1x KA24-1MONTERREY III 4x KA24-1EL SAUZ 1x KA24-1**
BOWIN 2x KA26-1BANG BO 1x KA26-1KHANG KHOI 2x KA26-2
SWANBANK 1x KA26-1TALLAWARRA 1x KA26-1
TARANAKI 1x KA26-1
SENOKO 1x KA26-1**SENOKO II 2x KA26-1**TUAS CCP5 1x KA26-1KEPPEL II 2x KA26-1Banyan 1x KA26-1
UTRAN 1x KA26-1JEGURUPADU III 2x KA26-1
FUJAIRAH 2xKA26-2; 1xKA26-1** CoGen Projects ** Repowering Projects(Status: Jan 2012)
80 GT26 and 50 GT24
Alstom Test Power Plant1x KA26-1
Tzafit 2x KA26-1
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Fleet Leaders’ Operating Hours / Starts
KA26: F-class GTCC technology proven for all duties
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA24/KA26 Plants Last 5 Years average
ABOVE SLIDE REPRESENTING:38 KA24 Combined cycle power plants57 KA26-1 single shaft plants
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA26 Plants Capacity Factor progress - 12 monthly rolling average
Represents 56% of the KA26 Fleet
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA24/ KA26 Plants KA24/26 Fleet Operations regime in 2006-2010
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA24/KA26 RAM Fleet Status Report - 1st Quarter 2012 - - P 31
Overall RAM status of KA24/ KA26 Plants KA24/26 Fleet Operations regime 2011
Overall, reduced hours of operation observed in year 2011.
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of one specific KA26 Plant in EU Capacity Factor progress -12 monthly rolling average
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of one specific KA26 Plant in EU 12 monthly rolling average
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Key KA26 Features / Customer Benefits
• Superior operational flexibility� High full-load performance (capable of >59% efficiency with ACC)� Superior part-load performance (virtually constant efficiency from 100% down to 80% load)� High reliability and availability� Turndown capability down to below 50% load� Fast starting options including <30 minutes hot start capability� Emission compliant parking of entire plant at ~20% CCPP load
offering spinning reserve of more than 350 MW per block in 15 minutes� Superior fuel gas composition flexibility (±15% WI tolerance)� Proven GT Inlet Cooling options for power augmentation� On-line choice between Performance Optimised (PO) and
Maintenance Cost Optimised (MCO) operation modes
• Reduced emissions� NOx emissions well below EU limits (50 mg/Nm3)� CO capability well below EU limits (100 mg/Nm3)� Low overall CO2 emissions due to high efficiency over full load-range� CO2 Capture Ready solutions already available
Clean – Efficient – Flexible – Reliable - Proven
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