Cells 1.Properties of water Importance of being polar and non-polar 2.Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells 3. How big are cells? 4. Eukaryotic cells Differences between plant and animal cells 5. The parts of the cell Plasma membrane Organelles • Function of each organelle 6. Cell diagrams
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Cells1.Properties of water
Importance of being polar and non-polar
2.Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
3. How big are cells?
4. Eukaryotic cells
Differences between plant and animal cells
5. The parts of the cell
Plasma membrane
Organelles
• Function of each organelle
6. Cell diagrams
The Properties of Water (32-34)
The Properties of Water Water is a polar molecule:
Oxygen side is slightly negative
Hydrogen side is slightly positive
When molecules have no charges, they are nonpolar
Figure 2.4
What Does Life Require?The Properties of Water Hydrogen bond: the weak attraction between
the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another
Water molecules tend to stick together:
cohesion
Water is a good solvent (p33,34)
The Properties of Water
Water can dissolve salts (ionically bonded compounds) and hydrophilic (water–loving) molecules because both the water and these molecules are polar.
Figure 2.6
Water is a polar solvent
The Properties of Water Non-polar molecules, such as oil, do not
contain charged atoms.
These atoms are called hydrophobic (water–hating).
Just as non-polar molecules do not mix with polar solvents, polar molecules cannot dissolve in non-polar solvents•Water is not the only solvent!
PhospholipidsType of lipid similar to a fat but with only 2 fatty
acid tails and phosphate “head”
The phosphate head is hydrophillic
The fatty acid tails are hyrophobic
Phospholipids Due to the properties of phospholipids, when exposed to water they organize themselves into a bi-layer.
Heads on the outside next to the water
Tails inside away from the water
But the edges are also exposed to water prompting the formation of a sphere.
Plasma membrane
Where there is water, the phospholipids line up so that the head (hydrophilic) is next to the water and the tail (hydrophobic) is away from the water.
Because there is water on both sides you get 2 layers.
Plasma membrane (p44,45) Plasma membrane Also called a lipid bilayer
because it is comprised of 2 layers of lipids
Also- Proteins
- Cholesterol
STUDY GUIDEKnow what kind of molecules will be dissolved in water and which will not and why.
Understand how the properties of phospholipids cause them to form the plasma membrane
Q1. What kind of solvent is water?
Q2. What kind of molecules can water dissolve?
- 3 terms
Q3. What kind of molecules can watter not dissolve
- 3 terms
Q4. Describe the properties of the head group of a phospholipid
Q5. Describe the properties of the tails of a phospholipid
Q6. What happens when you put phospholipids in water?
- what is formed?
- why?
Measurements (nib)
1 meter = 3.28 feet
100 centimeters = 1 meter (cent means 1/100)
10 millimeter = 1 centimeters (milli means 1/1000)
1000 micrometers = 1 centimeter (micro means 1/1,000,000)
1000 nanometers = 1 micrometer (nano means 1/1,000,000,000)