Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | Home | Support Us | Printable E-book | Downloadable Website | Podcasts | User Materials | | Low Bandwidth Website | Receive Updates | Report Errors | About Us | Contact Us | Help | FAQs | Arabic Course Vocabulary/ Flashcards Tests Forum Bookshop Tuition Services Lesson 26 – Composite Number (B) Introduction – We learnt in lesson 19 and lesson 20 the numbers from 1 to ten as applied for masculine and feminine numbered nouns. In this lesson we will learn the numbers from 11 to 19 In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). The topics that will be covered include: The numbers () "aћada ξashar" (eleven) and () "ithnā ξashar" (twelve) in a special section, and the special rules relating to these numbers. After that we will cover the numbers from () "thalāthata ξashar" (thirteen) to () "tisξata ξashar" (nineteen). We will answer some questions relating to the numbers, such as: What are the situations in which a number will be masculine or feminine? Are numbers declinable or indeclinable? The ending of the numbered noun (the name comes after a number) Below we will cover some examples. Read the examples carefully and then study the rules that follow in future sections: Number With masculine With feminine Free Arabic Language Course, Learn Arabic, Arabic Tuition http://www.madinaharabic.com/UAT/Arabic_Language_Course/Lesson... 1 of 4 24/03/2010 10:37 م
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Introduction – �� �������We learnt in lesson 19 and lesson 20 the numbers from 1 to ten as applied for masculine and feminine
numbered nouns.
In this lesson we will learn the numbers from 11 to 19 In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). The topics that
will be covered include:
The numbers (� � � � !) "aћada ξashar" (eleven) and (��� �"#��) "ithnā ξashar"(twelve) in a special section, and the special rules relating to these numbers.
After that we will cover the numbers from (��� �#$#) "thalāthata ξashar" (thirteen) to(� � � �� ���%) "tisξata ξashar" (nineteen).We will answer some questions relating to the numbers, such as:
What are the situations in which a number will be masculine or feminine?
Are numbers declinable or indeclinable?
The ending of the numbered noun ������� &�'(� (the name comes after anumber)
Below we will cover some examples. Read the examples carefully and then study the rules that
In this part we will learn the two numbers � � � � �� "aћada ξashara" (eleven) and � � � ����"ithnā ξashara" (twelve), as they are similar to each other with the exception of declension.
Before we consider the gender of the number, we need to understand the gender of the noun that is
being referred to. If the noun is feminine then the number will also be feminine, likewise with the
masculine noun / masculine number. To change the number � �� "aћada" to feminine ���� "iћdā" we can add the long vowel Alif (alif maqŝūrah) !�"#$% &�� to the word ending, andchange the initial Hamzah to be signed with kasrah ( ), and to change the sign of the medial (Hā’)from the fatħah to the sukūn to become ���� "iћdā". The number ���� "ithnā" can be madefeminine by adding the letter ' "t" to be �(��� "ithnatā".The number should be identical with the numbered noun (that comes after the number) in gender
The number here is feminine because the numbered noun is feminine.
We will now cover the number ( � � � � ��) "aћada ξashara" (eleven) in more detail In-Shā’-Allâh(God-willing).
The word-ending of the two words � �� "aћada" and ���� "iћda" are 456��3 % "mabniyah", i.e. staticor indeclinable in all cases of grammar – this means that they do not change their endings in
nominative, accusative or genitive case. Let us look at some examples below to illustrate this
point:
Case: Transliteration: English: Arabic:
The nominative caseξUmri aћada
ξashara ξāmanI am eleven years old. ����7�� � ��� � � ��0%� �
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We will now cover the number ��� ����� "ithna ξashar" (twelve) in more detail In-Shā’-Allâh(God-willing).
The two words ���� "ithna" (masc.) and �(��� "ithnata" (fem.) are dual nouns. In the nominativecase, we say ���� "ithna" and �(��� "ithnata" while in the accusative and genitive cases we say >��"ithnai" and ?��� "ithnatai":
Case: Transliteration: English: Arabic:
The nominative case
(masculine)
Ĵā’a ithna ξashara
ŧâlibanTwelve students came. @)� *����� � � ��03����=
Numbers from 13 to 19- � � � �� ���� ���� � � � ���� �� �!�" ��� ���#$�In this section we will study the numbers from 13 to 19. These numbers have the same rules,
therefore we will study them in one section In-Shā’-Allâh (God-willing).
The composite numbers from 13 to 19 – e.g. ( � � � ���� ��) "thalathata ξashara" (thirteen) - arecomposed of two parts. The gender of each part depends on the gender of the noun that is being
referred to. The first part is always opposite to the gender of the noun, and the second part is
the same gender as the numbered noun.
The first part may be feminine (�� �) "thalathata" (three) or may be masculine (% �) "thalatha".The second part may also be feminine (�& ��� �) "ξashrata" (ten) or may be masculine ( � � �)"ξashara" (ten). As above, the rule we apply here is related to the noun (that comes after the
number). Here are some examples:
Transliteration: English: Arabic:
Fil-faŝl thalathata ashara
ŧâliban
There are thirteen students
in the class.
�'�(�)�� *��� � � � ��+,���-
ћađarat thalathu ξashrata
mudarrisatan
Thirteen lady teachers
attended. �. � / 0�% �� �& ��� �� 12� ��"
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Dhabaћtu sittata ξashara
diikan
I slaughtered sixteen
roosters.
�3�4 5�6���7�1 � � ��89:��
Hādha al-waladu ξumruhu
tisξa ξashrata sanatan
This boy (young man) is
nineteen years old.
�;���<�� ���� =�� �>? @���� �& ��� �8� A 1
In these examples, the first part of the number is opposite in gender to the numbered noun, while
the second part is similar to it.
Now we will explain the word-ending of the number and the numbered noun.
The two parts of the composite number for numbers from 13 to 19 – e.g. ( ��� ��� �)"thalathata ξashara" (thirteen) - have a fixed vowel, namely (�47B) short vowel Fatћa, atthe end of both parts.
The numbered noun in this case always ends with a (�47B) short vowel Fatћa. Take thefollowing examples:
C�E�(�B * ������ � � ��8G:�� H Fi faŝli tisξata ξashara ŝadiiqan
I have nineteen friends in the class.
[Note that the "n" at the end of ξā’ilatan and ŝadiiqan is the (!:=A�) Tanwīn (nunation; theroot to pronounce the letter N), but both words end with the short vowel Fatћa]
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Numbers (20, 30, 40 … etc.) - ����� �����There are numbers in the Arabic language that are called (����� �����) "alfaađh al-ξuquud" (20,30, 40 … etc.):
Numbers in letters (accusative or
genitive case)
Numbers in letters
(nominative case)Numbers in digits
� ��!ξishriina
������!ξishruun
20 "#
$%&%thalathiin
��%&%thalathuun
30 '#
$(��arbaξiin
��(��arbaξuun
40 )#
$�* ���*50 +#
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khamsiin khamsuun
$,-sittiin
��,-sittuun
60 .#
$/-sabξiin
��/-sabξuun
70 0#
$1�2thmāniin
��1�2 thmānuun 80 3#
$�4tisξiin
�����4tisξuun
90 5#
Alfaađh al-ξuquud are declinable, to which the rules of (6���� ��7�� 89) "ĵamξu mudhakkar
sālim" (regular masculine plural) are applied. They always end with (��:) "-uun" or ($:) "-iin"
according to their position in the sentence. Here are some examples:
English: Transliteration: Arabic:
Twenty Muslims came Ĵā’a ξishruun musliman ;<�=��������!�>?�@���A
The Muslims came Ĵā’a al-muslimuun ����?�@��B�� ;<�=
I saw the Muslims Ra'aytu al-muslimiin �D� �� � $�?�@��B��
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I saw the Muslim Ra'aytu al-muslima C�@��B�� �D� �� �
I live with twenty MuslimsAskunu maξa ξishriin
musliman 8 A ��BE�-�� � �����!�>?�@���A
I live with the Muslims Askunu maξa al-muslimiin 8 A ��BE�-�� $�?�@��B��
I live with the Muslim Askunu maξa al-muslimi �C�@��B�� 8A ��BE�-��
Sometimes a composite number consists of two numbers connected with (wa “and”), such as:
These are twenty-one teachers
�<F�G HI��J� � �����! ��KL�,-� Hā’ulā’i wāћidun wa ξishruun ustādhan
These are twenty-one lady teachers
�<F�G HM ��JN �������! �KOL�,-� Hā’ulā’i iћda wa ξishruun ustādhatan
I read twenty-five books
�P� ��QKR ��? S � ����! ��>(�,�� Qara’tu khamsatan wa ξishruun kitāban
My friend read twenty-seven stories
T� �� U � � ��>�/ - � ����! �KR�V�Q Darasa ŝadiiqi sabξan wa ξishriin qissatan
The price of my clothes is fifty-five pounds.
�( T�(���%WR ��? X $��? S ��>Y�Z [�= Thawbi bikhamsatin wa khamsiin ĵunaihan
I wrote the lesson in twenty-two papers.
\ ������� �D�/ ,���$ , [%� � ���! �KR�Q � � Katabtu ad-darsa fi ithnataini wa ξishriin waraqatan
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I have twenty-two garments.
����[�!���[%�� ������!��>(�/@�= ξIndi ithnān wa ξishriina ĵilbāban
We notice here that the first number before ( �) "wa" (and) is similar to the numbers 1 and 2, as westudied in the previous part. This means that numbers (�J��) "wāћid" (one) and (��[%�) "ithnān"(two) should be masculine or feminine according to the numbered noun. For example, the numbers
in the following sentences are masculine because the numbered noun in each is masculine:
�<F�G HI��J� � �����! ��KL�,-� Hā’ulā’i wāћidun wa ξishruuna ustadhan
These are twenty-one teachers.
����[�!��� [%� ��������! ��>(� /@�= ξindi ithnāni wa ξishruun ĵilbāban
I have twenty-two garments.
The numbers in the following sentences are feminine because the numbered noun in each is
feminine:
�<F�G HM ��JN �����! �KOL�,-� Hā’ulā’i iћda wa ξishruuna ustadhatan
These are twenty-one lady teachers.
\ ������� �D�/ ,���$ , [%� � ���! �R�Q � � Katabtu ad-darsa fi ithnatayni wa ξishriin waraqatan
I wrote the lesson in twenty-two papers.
As a revision of lessons 19 and 20 - we have already learnt that the numbers from 3 to 9 should be
opposite to the numbered noun, i.e. the first part should be masculine if the numbered noun is
feminine. For example:
T� �� U � � ��>�/ - � ����! �R�V�Q Darasa ŝadiiqi sabξan wa ξishriin qiŝŝatan
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My friend studied twenty-seven stories.
Alternatively, the first part should be feminine if the numbered noun is masculine. For example:
Exercise - ������� �In this section we will have multiple questions to test your understanding of the principles we have
learnt In-Shā'-Allâh (God willing). To answer the questions:
o Type the complete answer for the following questions by selecting the question and using the
on-screen keyboard or your actual keyboard.
o Use the Shift key to enter characters on the upper portions of the letters and use full
diacritics in your answers – e.g. fathah, kasrah, sukūn etc.
o Do not use diacritics in the following cases:
§ The Alif followed by laam �� (while the laam itself can be signed with a vowel)§ The laam followed by alif � (while the Alif itself can be signed when it comes with
hamzah).
§ Do not put the small Alif on words like �� !. § Do not put diacritics on long vowels.
o Upon completion of all questions, click on the Mark button to see the correct answer and to
get your mark.
· For more instructions click here.
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"#$�%& ' "� � ( )���* +,���� ��-$ .
The Arabic sentence above means " changes each number from the digital form into words". In
each of the sentences below simply type the words using the keyboard including the vowel-marks
which have been omitted.
Mark Reset
/�!01�23456 These are 23 pounds
78%&' 91:�;�%� In my library, are thirty books
<=�>1:�'$� I fasted 30 days
?@�,0:ABC, I read 20 stories
# D$E0FA�3456 My dress is 75 pounds
Mark Reset
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Hundreds and thousands – ������ �����· The last lesson in the composite number is the numbers of hundreds and thousands, as follows:
500
�� � !khamsumi‘ah
400
�� "�#arbaξumi’ah
300
��$%�&thalāthmi’ah
200
��'��(mi’atān
100
���(mi’ah
1000
)�#alf
900
�� ����*tisξumi’ah
800
�� �+� �&thamānimi’ah
700
�� ��, -sabξumi’ah
600
�� .'�-sittumi’ah
5000
/�01 2� �� !khamsatu alāf
4000
/�01 2� "���#arbaξatu alāf
3000
/�01 2��&%�&thalāthatu alāf
2000
����3��#alfān
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9000
/�01 2� ���*tisξatu alāf
8000
/�01 2� 4�+� �&thamānitu alāf
7000
/�01 2� �, -sabξatu alāf
6000
/�01 2��'�-sittatu alāf
These numbers are declinable on the short vowels of declension based on their case – e.g.:
Short fatħah a in accusative case
short kasrah i in genitive case
short đammah u in nominative case
Sign of declension Sentence and numbers
(6 ) � 8��" 9�:�(Ending in short đammah (u)
;<�= 2��(/>�= � Ĵā’a mi’atu raĵulin
One hundred men came.
(; ) �?'3��" @�AB(Ending in short fatћah (a)
�C�D�# � ��(;��/>�= � Ra’aytu mi’ata raĵulin
I saw one hundred men.
(� )E��F��" ���GEnding in short kasrah (i)
H( �C�,IJ ���(/>�= � Dhahabtu maξa mi’ati raĵulin
I went out with one hundred men.
The short vowels (đammah, fatћah and kasrah) appear on the first part of the composite numbers
from 300 (thalāthumi’ah) to 900 (tisξumi’ah), such as (2K%�&) "thalāth" (three), (�H "���#) "arbaξ"(four), (L� !) "khams" (five), (H���*) "tisξ" (nine), etc, and the second part (��() "mi’ah"(hundred) always ends with the short vowel kasrah "i", for example:
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Sign of declension Sentence and numbers
(� )E��F��" ���GEnding in short kasrah (i)
M( ��N��# �L2� ��+�� O �P%-Q� �� '�-������ �+� �&/P� R
Exercise - ������� �In this section we will have multiple questions to test your understanding of the principles we have
learnt In-Shā'-Allâh (God willing). To answer the questions:
o Type the complete answer for the following questions by selecting the question and using the
on-screen keyboard or your actual keyboard.
o Use the Shift key to enter characters on the upper portions of the letters and use full
diacritics in your answers – e.g. fathah, kasrah, sukūn etc.
o Do not use diacritics in the following cases:
§ The Alif followed by laam �� (while the laam itself can be signed with a vowel)§ The laam followed by alif � (while the Alif itself can be signed when it comes with
hamzah).
§ Do not put the small Alif on words like �� !. § Do not put diacritics on long vowels.
o Upon completion of all questions, click on the Mark button to see the correct answer and to
get your mark.
For more instructions click here.
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"#$�%& ' "� � ( )���* +,���� ��-$ .
The Arabic sentence above means "change each number from the digital form into words". In each
of the sentences below simply type the words using the keyboard including the vowel-marks which
have been omitted.
Mark Reset
) 0�1%2�� � 3 .45�67���8 (50 students attended the meeting
) :' �;���< 2=">�?��� @ (I sat with six female friends
) AB ��CDEF���< G (My father visited 13 countries
) H' �I�B ��<G JK5L �'� 2 (In my country, are more than twenty
universities
) )M�� %��N�� JO)� P��7�8�B (4(>�7Q�7�8
In the hospital, are 5 male doctors
and 5 female doctors
) #�R� J >�'E555"S�2 � (In the war, 3000 men died
) TG U���GV ' �;�� � %�W�455"X�Q Y�2 (I bought my clothes with 500 pounds
) �;�B�DDFV�2 � (I saw 11 men
) ������ � 3 .DKFL7����8 (12 female students attended the
lesson
) �Z� ��1�(K4�6'�( (My age now is 25 years
Mark Reset
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