Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Transferable Indigenous Knowledge (TIK): Education Process and Policy Rajib Shaw E-mail:

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Transferable Indigenous Transferable Indigenous Knowledge (TIK):Knowledge (TIK):

Education Process and Policy Education Process and Policy

Rajib ShawE-mail: [email protected]

Web: http://www.iedm.ges.kyoto-u.ac.jp/

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Defining TIK• Indigenous knowledge is the knowledge that people in a

given community have developed over time, and continue to develop. It is based on experience, often tested over centuries of use, adapted to local culture and environment, dynamic and changing. Source: IIRR, Philippines, 1996: Recording and using indigenous knowledge: A

manual.

• Transferable indigenous knowledge is the traditional art of disaster reduction that is indigenous to specific region (s) but having potential to be applied to other regions and having time-tested reliability

Idea Workshop 2007 Idea Workshop 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Criteria for TIK• Originated within communities, based on

local needs, and specific to culture and context (environment and economy)

• Provides core knowledge with flexibility for local adaptation for implementation

• Uses local knowledge and skills, and materials based on local ecology

• Has been proven to be time tested and useful in disasters

• Is applied or applicable in other communities or generations

Idea Workshop 2007 Idea Workshop 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Knowledge/Technology Type and its Application

Flood Prevention Knowledge/Technology

Erosion Control Knowledge/Technology

Damage Reduction Knowledge/Technology

Takeuchi and Shaw 2007Example from Japan

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Waju (Inside Ring) =Community Protected by Ring Dike

Distribution of Waju in Noubi plains (Ando,1952)

Photo by Iwanami Co.,Ltd.(1956)

Takeuchi and Shaw 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Hijiri-Ushi (Grand OX) at Nagara river

By Google

Takeuchi and Shaw 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental StudiesPhoto by NIED-KU(2007)

Hijiri-Ushi (Grand OX) at Nagara river

Takeuchi and Shaw 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental StudiesPhoto by NIED-KU(2007)

7m4.5m7m

4m

Photo by NIED-KU(2007)

Hijiri-Ushi (Grand OX)

Takeuchi and Shaw 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Photo by NIED-KU(2007)

Mizuya (Flood House)

2m

1.3m

Blue line is record of flood disaster in 1896

Takeuchi and Shaw 2007

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Implementation Issues of TIKAction Workshop 2008 Action Workshop 2008

Transferability Transferability of TIKof TIK

What to transfer(Principles andMethodology)

Who to transfer-Community leaders-External Facilitators

How to transfer-Documentation-On-site visit-DRH database-Workshops-Internal, external facilitation-Link to modern technology

Whom to transfer(Vulnerable Communities, Policy makers)

For Hydro-meteorological disasters, focus on climate change adaptation

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

TIK Classification• Five thematic areas

– Mountain Ecosystem– Coastal Zone Management – Integrated Water Resource Management

• Arid land management• River basin management

– Housing and Shelter

• Two types of TIK– Based on technology – Based on belief systems

• Three phases of Disaster Cycle – Pre-disaster – During disaster– Post-disaster

Action Workshop 2008 Action Workshop 2008

Pre-disaster

During-disasterPost-disaster

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

TIK in Education

• Cross-discipline collaboration – Civil society: Document and analyze– Education and Research Community: Validation and analyze– Policy maker: Policy decision– Regional and International organization: Policy advocacy

• Steps (not necessarily in the order of appearance)– Education: link to curriculum– Policy: regional, national and local advocacy and decision– Pilot: Implementation and validation

Action Workshop 2008 Action Workshop 2008

Kyoto University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies

IK and DRR Policy Issues• Critical Entry Points

• Priority Thematic areas

• Climate change and food security

• Rural development

• Urban Risk reduction

• Gender and inclusion

• Policy Tools • Research, documentation

• Education

• Advocacy

• Institutional Framework

• Action Agenda• Establishment of a resource group

• Documentation and research

• Education

• Policy advocacy

• Enabling environment

• Change agents

• Special focus areas