iatkc dsljh & ys[k Ja[kyk¼lEiknd&vf'ouh dqekj½ D;k fgUnqLrku esa fgUnw gksuk xqukg gS \ ¼Hkkx&1 ls 29½ fnukad&1-11-2011 thou es dHkh&dHkh vrhr dh xgjkbZ es a >ka duk cM+ k gh vPNk yxrk gS vkS j lq[kçnHkhA ;gka ;g ckr eSa jk"Vªks a ds vrhr ds la nHkZ es a dg jgk gw a A Hkkjro"kZ ds ftl ra = es a ge jgjgs gSa vkSj ew [kZrko'k ftls ^çtkra =* dgrs gSa og vktknh ds ika p n'kdks a ckn dSlk fl) gqvkgS] bl ij ;gka eSa fVIi.kh ugha djuk pkgrkA eSa =s rk;qx ds dky ls bl jk"Vª dh fofHkUu 'kklu ç.kkfy;ks a dk vè;;u fiNys fnuks a dj jgk FkkA blh Øe es a dqN ,s ls rF;ks a dh tkudkjh feyh ftUgs a u ds oy eS a ikBdks a ds lkFklka >k djuk pkgrk gw a ] vfirq es jh ea 'kk gS fd ge dqN ckrks a dh çkla fxdrk vkt ds ;qx es Hkhtkus a A ;g ckr lR; gS fd Jhjke dks ifjfLFkfro'k cuokl tkuk iM+ k] fQj Hkh T;s "Bn'kjFkua nu gks us ds ukrs egkjkt n'kjFk ;g ns [kdj fpa frr Fks fd Jhjke fpa rk es a gSa A dqN ç'umuds eu es a meM+ &?kqeM+ dj vkrs gSa vkS j mUgs a O;fFkr dj tkrs gSa A ;FkklEHko mUgks a us Lo;a Hkhmudk fujkdj.k fd;k vkS j ckn es egf"kZ of'k"B dks foLrkj ls lkjh ckr crkbZA Jhjke vkSjegf"kZ of'k"B es a ,d yEck okrkZyki gqvkA vkt ije lkSHkkX; dh ckr ;g gS fd bu lHkhokrkZykiks a lEiw .kZ o` rka r ^;ks x of'k"B* ew yr: la L—r es a miyCèk xza Fk rks gS gh] mlds dqN vPNs Hkk"; Hkh miyCèk gSa A vkt bls èkkfeZd xz a Fk dh la Kk nh tkrh gSA ;ks x 'kkL= dk vn~Hkqr xz aFk Hkh ekuk tkrkgS ] oS jkX; dh Hkh cgqr lh ckrs a bles a gSa ijUrq ,d jktk dk D;k dRkZO; gks uk pkfg,] mles a ,s lklc dqN fufgr gSA ^;ks x of'k"B* vuqie gS * fdlh vU; —fr ls bldh rqyuk ugha dh tkldrhA Bhd blh çdkj egkHkkjr dky es a ,d va èks jktk us tc ;g ns [kk fd mldh fonq"khiRuh us Hkh vka [kks a ij iêh cka èk yh vkSj lkjs ds lkjs jktdqekj ukyk;d fudy x, rks mljktk us fonqj th dks fuea =.k fn;kA ,d Nks Vk ijUrqcM+ k lkjxfHkZr xz Fk çdV gqvkA ge mls dgrs gSa &fonqj uhfrA Hkkoh ?kVuk,a dqN vkSj Fkha ] ojuk èk` rjk"Vª dk ;g ç;kl LrqR; FkkA vc f'kokth jkts dh ckrA Hkkjro"kZ es a fgUn&in&ikn'kkgh dk LoIu iw jk gqvkA f'kokth egkjkt dks fnO; funZ 'k rks feys ] ijUrq mlls igys ,d vn~Hkqr —fr dk çkdV~; gqvkA mldk uke gS&nkl cks èkA euq"; dks Lo;a dks viuh iw .kZrk es a le> ikus dh og vn~Hkqr—fr gSA mldk vk'k; D;k gS] D;k vki tkuuk pkgs xsA vk'k; gS % ^bd cgkuk Fkk tqLrtqrs jhnjvly Fkh] eq>s [kqn viuh ryk'kA*
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D;k fgUnqLrku esa fgUnw gksuk xqukg gS \¼Hkkx&1 ls 29½
fnukad&1-11-2011
thou es a dHkh&dHkh vrhr dh xgjkbZ es a >kaduk cM+k gh vPNk yxrk gS vkS j lq[kçn
HkhA ;gka ;g ckr eSa jk"Vªks a ds vrhr ds lanHkZ es a dg jgk gw aA Hkkjro"kZ ds ftl ra= es a ge jg jgs gSa vkSj ew[kZrko'k ftls ^çtkra=* dgrs gSa og vktknh ds ikap n'kdks a ckn dSlk fl) gqvk gS] bl ij ;gka eSa fVIi.kh ugha djuk pkgrkA
eSa =s rk;qx ds dky ls bl jk"Vª dh fofHkUu 'kklu ç.kkfy;ks a dk vè;;u fiNys fnuks a dj jgk FkkA blh Øe es a dqN ,s ls rF;ks a dh tkudkjh feyh ftUgs a u ds oy eS a ikBdks a ds lkFk lka>k djuk pkgrk gw a] vfirq es jh ea'kk gS fd ge dq N ckrks a dh çklafxdrk vkt ds ;qx es a Hkh tkus aA ;g ckr lR; gS fd Jhjke dks ifjfLFkfro'k cuokl tkuk iM+k] fQj Hkh T;s"B n'kjFkuanu gksus ds ukrs egkjkt n'kjFk ;g ns[kdj fpafrr Fks fd Jhjke fpa rk es a gSaA dqN ç'u muds eu es a meM+&?kqeM+ dj vkrs gSa vkS j mUgs a O;fFkr dj tkrs gSaA ;FkklEHko mUgks aus Lo;a Hkh mudk fujkdj.k fd;k vkS j ckn es a egf"kZ of'k"B dks foLrkj ls lkjh ckr crkbZA Jhjke vkSj egf"kZ of'k"B es a ,d yEck okrkZyki gqvkA vkt ije lkSHkkX; dh ckr ;g gS fd bu lHkh
okrkZykiks a lEiw.kZ o` rka r ^;ksx of'k"B* ewyr: la L—r es a miyCèk xzaFk rks gS gh] mlds dqN vPNs Hkk"; Hkh miyCèk gSaA
vkt bls èkkfeZd xz aFk dh laKk nh tkrh gSA ;ksx 'kkL= dk vn~Hkqr xz aFk Hkh ekuk tkrk gS] oS jkX; dh Hkh cgq r lh ckrs a bles a gSa ijUrq ,d jktk dk D;k dRkZO; gksuk pkfg,] mles a ,s lk lc dq N fufgr gSA ^;ksx of'k"B* vuqie gS* fdlh vU; —fr ls bldh rq yuk ugha dh tk ldrhA
Bhd blh çdkj egkHkkjr dky es a ,d vaèks jktk us tc ;g ns[kk fd mldh fonq "kh iRuh us Hkh vka[kks a ij iêh ckaèk yh vkSj lkjs ds lkjs jktdqekj ukyk;d fudy x, rks ml jktk us fonqj th dks fuea=.k fn;kA
nkl cksèk vn~Hkq r gSA leFkZ xq# jkenkl th us vius fç; f'k"; f'kok dh >ksyh es a ^nkl cksèk* Mkyk vkS j f'kokth us leLr jktikV mUgs a lefiZr dj fn;k vkS j ^jktèot* dks Hkxos es a jax fn;k vkSj ukjk yxk ^t;&t;&t; j?kq ohj leFkZA
bl 'k`a[kyk es a dkSfVY; dks dSls HkwysaAvFkZ'kkL= dk ,d&,d opu ph[k&ph[k dj dg jgk gS fd blls mR—"V jpuk fiNys
gtkjks a o"kks Z a es a ugha jph xbZA ;ksx of'k"B] fonqj uhfr] nkl cksèk vkSj vFkZ'kkL=] lc dq N gekjs ikl Fkk] fQj Hkh ge lfn;ks a xqyke jgs D;ks afd ge viuh tM+ks a ls dV x,A
vkt bfrgkl vius vkidks nksgjk jgk gSA ftl jkg ij ge py jgs gSa og flok;
^foèoa l* ds ges a dgka ys tk,xh \dkj.k D;k gS \ dkj.k ,d gh gS fd ^xks js vaxzstks a* ds gkFk ls fudy dj jk"Vª dkys vaxzstks a ds gkFk es a pyk x;kA ;g lkjs ds lkjs ^eSdkys* ds ekul iq= FksA bUgks aus Hkkjr dks bldh tM+ks a ls dkV fn;kA
^èkeZfujis{krk* uked 'kCn Hkkjr ds ekFks ij dks<+ cudj mHkjkA ;g vkt Hkh bl jk"Vªds fy, dyad gSA èkeZ ds çfr u rks vkt rd dksbZ fujis{k gks ldk gS vkS j u gh Hkfo"; es a gksxk D;ks afd èkeZ ps ruk dk foKku gS] vr% ;g ges'kk ,d gh jgrk gS] nks ugha gks ldrkA
{kek] n;k] 'khy] lPpfj=rk ;g èkkj.k djus ;ksX; gSa] vr% tks bUgs a èkkj.k djrk gS ogh èkkfeZd gS] tks fujis{k gS] og csbZeku gSA vius la Ldkjks a dks v{kq..k j[krs gq , èkkfeZd jgk tk ldrk gSA
Hkxoku —".k us xhrk es a dgk& ^LoèkeZs fuèkua Js;Ek*bldk ,d gh vk'k; gS] viuh futrk u [kksvksAvius èkeZ es a e`R;q Hkh Js;Ldj gSA <ks axh u cuksA <ks axh dks rks ujd es a Hkh txg ugha
feyrhA Hkkjr es a loZ èkeZ leHkko ds ç.ks rk çdV gks x,A jktuhfr us ,s lk dyq"k iSnk fd;kAHkxoku —".k us dgk&viuk èkeZ Js"B] ijUrq fdlh dh fopkjèkkjk dk vuknj u djksA bu csbeku ik[kafM;ks a dks ns[kks] tks los js etkjks a ij pknj p<+krs gSa] nksigj dks eafnjks a es a tkrs gSa]'kke dks ppks Za es a tkdj Hkk"k.k ns rs gSa rFkk jkr es a xq#}kjs tkdj fljksik ys rs gSaA
,s lk yxrk gS] bUgs a cq )Ro çkIr gks x;k \ lkoèkku ! ;s igys ntZ s ds ik[kaMh gSaA ;g <ks ax dj jgs gSa] tks jktus rk ijega lks a tSlk
vkpj.k djs mls D;k dgs axs \
Hkkjr ds ,d jkT; d'ehj ls pqu&pqu dj ^fgUnqvks a* dks [knsM+ fn;k x;k FkkA ;g jk"Vªdk cgqla[;d lekt gS] ;g vius vfHkUu vax esa ugha jg ldrkA budh j{kk dk çcaèk ;g ljdkj ugha dj ldh D;ks afd lkjh dh lkjh ljdkjs a ^èkeZfujis{k* gS a vkSj iafMrks a ds fy, U;k;ekaxus okys lkEçnkf;d djkj fn, tkrs jgsA
^vxj lp dguk cxkor gS] rks le>ks ge Hkh ckxh gSaA*bl lEikndh; es a eSa cgqr lkjs loky mBkÅaxkA bfrgkl ds dq N iUuks a dk lgkjk ysdj
viuh ckr dks Li"V d:axk fd bl fgUnqLrku es a fgUnqvks a ls dSlk O;ogkj gks rk jgk gSA flQZvkt oksV cSad dh jktuhfr dh tk jgh gSA oksVks a dh [kkfrj vYila[;dks a ds rq"Vhdj.k dh uhfr;ka tkjh gS aA vkt eueksgu ljdkj dB?kjs es a [kM+ h gS vkSj bfrgkl dk dky iq#"k ljdkj ls iwNrk gS&D;k fgUnq Lrku es a fgUnw gksuk xq ukg gS \ ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&2-11-2011
dy eSaus loky mBk;k Fkk fd D;k fgUnqLrku es a fgUnw gksuk xqukg gS \ bl loky dk tokc vf/kdka'k yksx gk¡ es a ns rs gSaA vkf[kj ,s lh lksp D;ks a iSnk gqbZ \ Hkkjr fo'o ds n`'; iVy ij lcls cM+k /keZfujis{k ns'k gSA ;g ,s lk /keZfujis{k ns'k gS] tSlh /keZfujis{krk gksuh cM+ h eqf'dy gSA tks ubZ uLys a gS] mUgs a D;k ekywe dh ge D;k pht gSaA Hkkjr vktkn gqvk] blds fy,
ckdk;nk bafM;u baMhiSaMS a l ,DV cuk] ikfdLrku otwn es a vk x;kA vaxzstks a us mUgs a d'ehj ugha fn;k FkkA mls gekjs lkFk egkjktk gfj flag us foy; fd;k FkkA ,s lk foy; 542 fj;klrks a us igys gh dj fn;k FkkA lcdh ckr geus a lquh] ekuh ijUrq d'ehj es a ?kq aMh vM+ xbZA ;g vuks[kh /keZfujis{krk FkhA 'ks[k vkSj egkjktk ds vPNs lEcU/k ugha FksA egkjktk us mUgs a jktnzksg ds vkjksi es a dSn dj j[kk Fkk tcfd iafMr usg: vkSj egkjktk ds lEcU/k Hkh vPNs ugha FksAegkjktk dh utjks a es a usg: dh pkfjf=d lexzrk lafnX/k FkhA 'ks[k vCnqyk fryfeyk mBsA og ckgj vk,] usg: ls feys vkSj 'ks[k us pky py nhA 27 vDVwcj 1947 dks ikfdLrku us vkØe.k dj fn;kA ;g ,d iw.kZ :i ls lqfu;ksftr "kM+;a= FkkA Hk;adj ekjdkV gqbZA egkjkt us
viuh fj;klr dks Hkkjr ds gd es a foy;u ds lgefr i= ij gLrk{kj dj fn,A Jhuxj rks cp x;k] ijUrq gekjk 2@5 Hkkx ikfdLrku us tcjnLrh gfFk;k fy;kA ikfdLrku dh cykRdkjh QkSt dks tokc nsus ds fy, gekjh lsuk igq¡p pq dh FkhA ?kulkjk flag vkS j fczxsfM;j ijkatis ekStwn FksA Ng ?kaVs ds vUnj gekjk Hkw&Hkkx okil vk ldrk Fkk] ijUrq lsuk dk fu;a=.k vkSj mls vkxs c<+us dk vf/kdkj ds oy 'ks[k ds gkFk es a fo'ks"k vkns'k ds }kjk usg: us ns j[kk FkkA
dkj.k Fkk&gekjh /keZfujis{krkA loky Hkkjrh;rk dk ugha /keZfujis{krk dk FkkA egkjktk gfj flag jks rs jgs] geus viuk
Hkw&Hkkx xa ok fn;k vkSj ekeyk la;qDr jk"Vª rd tk igq ¡pkAge viuh ljteha ls fo'kky lsuk gks rs gq, Hkh nq'eu dks [knsM+ ugha lds aA gekjh
/keZfujis{krk vkM+ s vk xbZA ekeyk la;qDr jk"Vª es a yVd x;kA
ikfdLrku us gekjs Hkw&Hkkx dk 13 gtkj oxZ fdyksehVj 2 ekpZ] 1963 dks phu dks nku dj fn;kA lhek fu/kkZj.k ds cgkus fd;s x, bl dq d`R; ij crkS j fons'k ea=h HkqV~Vks us gLrk{kj dj fn, vkS j m/kj phu ds rRdkyhu fons'k ea=h psu ;h us nLr[kr fd,A blh dks dgrs gS^eky egkjktk dk fetkZ [ksys [ksyhA* eky fdlh dk Fkk vkSj deky dkSu dj jgk FkkA tciafMr usg: ij ncko iM+k rks mUgks aus exjePNh vka lqvks a ls Hkjk ,d Hkk"k.k yksdlHkk es a 5 ekpZ]1963 dks fn;k FkkA
;g ,d ^/keZfujis{k vkSj <+ks axh* iz/kkuea=h dh rdjhj FkhA jks jgs Fks fd ge D;k djs a]vHkh le; foijhr gS] geus viuk ^izksVSLV* dj fn;k gSA dkaxzs lh ca/kq bls i<a + s vkSj viuk lj ihVa sA
usg: jks rs D;ks a u \ 1962 ds ;q) es a mUgks aus gekjh nq xZfr djok nhA phu ds uke ls :g dkai jgh FkhA bldh lkjh nka Lrk rc ys- tujy oh-,e- dkSy us viuh fdrkc
^^Untold Story** es a c;ku dj nhA mls Hkh vkt i<+k tkuk pkfg, ysfdu fdls fQØ gS tks bu nLrkostks a es a tk, \ usg: dk 1964 es a fu/ku gks x;kA
1965 es a ikfdLrku us ge ij vkØe.k dj fn;kA rc rd yky cgknqj 'kkL=h dh d`ik ls ge esa cM+k xq.kkRed QdZ vk x;k FkkA geus ikfdLrku dks fnu es a rkjs fn[kok fn,A gekjh lsuk,a ykgkSj rd tk igq ¡phaA mUgks aus dPN ds j.k es a gekjk ,d fgLlk dCts es a ys fy;kAikfdLrku us pky pyhA gekjs ijefe= dks lhftu ls feydj v;wc us rk'kdan es a le>kSrk fd;kA geus mudk lkjk Hkw&Hkkx NksM+ fn;k] mUgks aus dPN es a vkt rd gekjh tehu u NksM+ hAD;ks a \ geus /keZfujis{k rjhds ls bldk izksVSLV fd;kA 1971 es a fQj ogh rkjh[k nqgjkbZ xbZA
ge pkgrs rks f'keyk le>kSrk es a viuk d'ehj okil ys ldrs Fks] ij bafnjk th dh /keZfujis{krk vkM+ s vk xbZA rc ls ysdj vkt rd d'ehj ty jgk gSA vkt ,d /keZfujis{k
ljdkj gekjs ns'k es a otwn es a vk xbZ gS ysfdu bu 30&32 o"kks Z a es a d'ehj es a D;k gqvk bldk gky lqus aA d'ehj ?kkVh ls 2-14 xquk {ks=Qy tEew dk gSA d'ehj ?kkVh ls 4-35 xq uk {ks=Qy y)k[k dk gSA ml jkT; dh 90 izfr'kr vk; tEew vkS j y)k[k ls gSA 10 izfr'kr ?kkVh ls gSA lEiw.kZ vk; dk 90 izfr'kr fgLlk ?kkVh es a [kpZ fd;k tkrk gSA dkj.k D;k gS \ ges a bl ckr dk eyky ugha fd 3 yk[k fgUnw D;ks a fudky fn;s x,A ges a ;g eyky ugha fd ckS)ks a ds lkFk D;k gks jgk gSA ij ges a bl ckr dh lcls T;knk fQØ gS fd&
• ogk¡ nks ukxfjdrk,a dk;e jgs aA• vuq PNsn 370 dHkh u gVsA• Hkkjr dk lafo/kku ykxw u gksA
• ogk¡ dksbZ tehu u [kjhn ldsA• Hkkjr dk dkuwu ykxw u gksA• ogk¡ dh csVh Hkkjr es a dgha 'kknh djs a rks ukxfjdrk [kks cSBs] vkSj ikfdLrku es a djs a rks
rFkkdfFkr dq N vaxzsthnka cq f)thfo;ks a us bl jk"Vª ds fgUnqRo dks ?k`.kk] fo}s"k] Øw jrk dk i;kZ; u ds oy Lohdkj fd;k cfYd ckj&ckj ,s lk fy[kk HkhA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&4-11-2011
eSaus ,d ckj ugha vusd ckj fy[kk gS fd mUekn dh fgUnqRo es a dksbZ txg ughaA mUekn dh Hkk"kk er cksyks] yk[kks a o"kZ dh dkyt;h fojklr ij dyad er yxkvksA eSaus ckj&ckj bl ckr dks nksgjk;k fd pkgs fgUnw dk tquwu gks pkgs eqfLye dk tquwu gks] tc Hkh ekjs tkrs gSa funkZ s"k gh ekjs tkrs gSa] tks xyr gSA bLykeh vkradokn ij Hkh es jk ;gh dguk gS fd çse vkSj d#.kk ds ekxZ ij pyus okys bLyke ds vuq;kf;;ks a dks ;g 'kksHkk ugha ns rkA fdlh Hkh ys[kd us ^tgjhyk bLyke* dHkh ugha fy[kk] ,s ls es a dqN mUekfn;ks a dks tgjhyk fgUnq Ro dgus dh vuqefr dSls nh tk ldrh gSA og vius Hkhrj >kads a vkSj [kqn dk fo'ys"k.k djs aA
eSa Nn~e cqf)thfo;ks a ls dguk pkgw axk fd fgUnq Ro dks le>uk gS rks osn dh _pkvks a ls le>s a] mifu"knks a ds ea=ks a esa >kad dj ns[ks a] e;kZnk iq#"kksŸke Hkxoku jke ds ikou pfj= ls tkus a]Jh—".k dh xhrk es a bl n'kZu dks igpkus a] f'kokth vkSj cank cgknqj dk pfj= i<+ s a] ysfdu
vQlks l bl jk"Vª es a Hkxoku jke dks Hkh viekfur fd;k x;kA Hkkjr vkSj Jhyadk dks tksMu+ s okys iqy Jhjke ls rq dks rksMu+ s dk ç;kl fd;k x;k vkSj gn rks rc gks xbZ tc ljdkj us lqçhe dksVZ es a Hkxoku jke ds vfLrRo dks gh udkjus tSlh t?kU; jktuhfr 'kq: dj nhA tcçcy fojksèk gqvk rks ljdkj dks gyQukek okil ysuk iM+kA fnYyh foÜofo|ky; dh ikB~;iqLrdks a es a Hkh Hkxoku jke ds ckjs es a vuxZy fVIif.k;ka dh xbZa tks fgUnw lekt ds fy,vlguh; gS aA
f'k{kk cpkvks vkanksyu lfefr us ns'k ds mPpre U;k;ky; es a ,d ;kfpdk nkf[ky dh Fkh ftles a ;g fuosnu fd;k x;k Fkk fd ch-,- ¼vkulZ½ bfrgkl ds f}rh; o"kZ es a ,d fucaèk i<+k;k tk jgk gS ftldk 'kh"kZd gS ^Fkzh g.MªsM jkek;.kk ohFk Qkbo ,DtkEiy*A fucaèk ds ys[kd gSa ,-ds- jkekuq tuA bl fucaèk es a jkek;.k ds lEekfur pfj=ks a tS ls jke] lhrk] y{e.k] guq eku]
vfgY;k vkfn ds fo"k; es a vR;a r vkifŸktud fVIi.kh dh xbZ gSA blh fucaèk es a vU; lkexzh ds vfrfjä fuEufyf[kr ckrs a i<+kbZ tk jgh Fkha& jko.k vkSj eanksnjh dh dksbZ la rku ugha FkhA nksuks a us f'koth dh iwtk dhA f'koth us
mUgs a vke [kkus dks fn;kA xyrh ls lkjk vke jko.k us [kk fy;k vkSj mls xHkZ Bgj x;kA nq%[k ls cspkSu jko.k us Nhad ekjh vkSj lhrk dk tUe gqvkA lhrk jko.k dh iq =h FkhA mlus mls tudiq jh ds [ks r es a R;kx fn;kA
guqeku Nq VHkS;k ,d NksVk lk canj Fkk ,oa dkeqd O;fä FkkA og yadk ds 'k;ud{kks a es a fL=;ks a vkSj iq#"kks a dks vkeksn&çeksn djrs cs'keÊ ls ns[krk fQjrk FkkA
jko.k dk oèk jke ls ugha y{e.k ls gqvkA jko.k vkS j y{e.k us lhrk ds lkFk O;fHkpkj fd;kA
ukxfjd lafgrk ykxw djus ds fy, la ln dks dkuwu cukuk pkfg, D;ks afd blls jk"Vªh; ,drk dks c<+kok feysxkA lqçhe dksVZ dk ;g egRoiw.kZ fu.kZ; vkrs gh vky bafM;k eq fLye ilZuy yk cksMZ vkSj dêjiafFk;ks a us 'kks j&'kjkck epkuk 'kq: dj fn;kA lcls T;knk 'keZukd ckr ;g Fkh fd dkaxz s l vkSj dE;qfuLV ikfVZ;ks a vkSj vU; nyks a us lqçhe dksVZ ds fu.kZ; dk fojksèk fd;kA
Hkkjrh; jktuhfr es a dq N ,s ls eqís gSa ftudk mYys[k gks rs gh jktuhfrd {ks= es a Hkwpky vk tkrk gSA ns'k ds fy, pkgs os fdrus gh vfèkd egRoiw.kZ gks a ijUrq jktuhfrd {ks= ds yksx vius lŸkk LokFkZ ds dkj.k mudh fuja rj mis{kk djrs vk jgs gSaA mUgha es a ls ,d eqík gS leku ukxfjd lafgrk dk] ftldk uke ysuk Hkh Hkkjrh; jktuhfr es a vijkèk le>k tkus yxk gS ijUrq
Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ,oa U;k;ikfydk leku ukxfjd lafgrk dks ns'k dh ,drk ,oa v[kaMrk ds fy,vko';d le>rh gSA ,s lh ifjfLFkfr es a tc la oSèkkfud mŸkjnkf;Ro ,oa U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; jktuhfrKks a dh –f"V es a vijkèk cu tk, rc ns'k ds ukxfjdks a dks blds fo"k; es a tkuuk ,oa fu.kZ; ysuk vfuok;Z gks tkrk gSA vr% bl –f"V ls fuEu fcUnqvks a ij fopkj djuk vko';d gSA
nqfu;k ds fdlh Hkh vU; ns'k es a nksgjh dkuwu O;oLFkk ugha rFkk Hkkjr ds vfrfjä fdlh Hkh nw ljs ns'k ds ukxfjdks a ds fy, vyx&vyx dkuwu dk foèkku Hkh ughaA ;wjksi ,oa vejhdk les r lHkh if'peh jk"Vªks a es a ogka jgus okys ukxfjdks a ds fy, ,d leku ukxfjd lafgrk gSA ogka iaFk] tkfr ;k {ks= ds vkèkkj ij fdlh fo'ks"k dkuwu dk foèkku ugha fd;k x;kA nw ljh rjQ vjc ds mu eqfLye jk"Vªks a es a Hkh vyx dkuwu dh O;oLFkk ugha gS tgka 'kjh;r ,oa dqjku ds dkuwu ekU; gS aA ogka ds vU; èkekZoyfEc;ks a ds Åij Hkh ogh dkuwu ykxw gks rs gSaA ,dek= Hkkjr
gh ,s lk jk"Vª gS tgka eqfLye erkoyfEc;ks a ds fy, ukxfjd dkuwu ls vyx 'kjh;r dkuwu ykxw gks rk gSA mu ij Hkkjr dh la ln ds }kjk cuk, x, dkuwu ykxw ugha gks rsA nw ljh rjQ lukruh fgUnw] ckS)] tSu rFkk fl[kks a ij la ln }kjk cukbZ xbZ ,d leku ukxfjd lafgrk ykxw gks rh gS]ftls fgUnw y‚ dgrs gSaA ,d gh {ks= es a jgus okys ,d gh 'kklu }kjk 'kkflr ukxfjdks a ij fHkUu&fHkUu dkuwu ds ykxw gksus dk ;g vn~Hkqr mnkgj.k ds oy Hkkjr es a gh feyrk gSA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&6-11-2011
Hkkjr es a eqfLye ilZuy y‚ dk dkQh nq#i;ksx gksrk gSA eqfLye ilZuy y‚ es a pkj fookg dh NwV ,oa rykd ysus dh ljy çfØ;k ds dkj.k eqfLye efgykvks a ds lkFk HksnHkko ,oa vR;kpkj rks gks rs gh gSa] vU; èkeks Za ds yksx Hkh nw ljh 'kknh ds fy, bLyke èkeZ Lohdkj dj ys rs gS aA Hkkjr es a vYila[;dks a dks vusd çdkj dh lqfoèkk,a nh tkrh gS aA vYila[;dks a dks vius èkkfeZd f'k{k.k la LFkku pykus dh NwV gS vkS j ljdkj bu f'k{k.k la LFkkuks a dks djksM+ks a #i, dk vuqnku Hkh ns rh gSA
cnyrh nq fu;k vkS j efgyk vfèkdkfjrk ds çfr tu tkx`fr vkus ds ckn dbZ eqfLye ns'kks a us vius dkuwuks a es a lqèkkj fd;k gSA lhfj;k] felz] rqdÊ] eks jDdks vkSj bZ jku es a Hkh ,d ls vfèkd fookg çfrcafèkr gSaA bZjku] nf{k.k ;eu vkSj dbZ ns'kks a es a eq fLye dkuwuks a esa lqèkkj fd;k x;kA gky gh esa lÅnh vjc ds 'kkldks a us efgykvks a dks oksV Mkyus dk vfèkdkj fn;k gS vkSj
lÅnh 'kkld efgykvks a dks muds vfèkdkj nsus ds fy, Hkkjrh; O;oLFkk dk vè;;u dj jgs gSaAikfdLrku us Hkh 1961 es a nw ljs fookg ij jksd yxkrs gq, ,d ljdkjh dkSafly dh LFkkiuk dh Fkh rFkk nw ljh 'kknh ds bPNq d O;fä dks mfpr dkj.k crkdj vuqefr ysuk t:jh cuk fn;k FkkA Hkkjr es a dbZ ekSds vk, tc vnkyrks a us 'kjh;r dkuwu ds fo#) fu.kZ; fn;k] ijUrq Hkkjr ds jktuhfrKks a us oksV cSad ds ykyp es a vnkyrks a ds QSlyks a dh voekuuk dhA
vkxs vkuk pkfg,A ,d ^leku ukxfjd lafgrk* vlekurk dks feVkdj jk"Vªh; ,drk ds fy, lgk;d gksxh ijUrq 1986 es a jktho xkaèkh ds us r`Ro okyh dkaxzs l ljdkj us la ln es a foèks;d ykdj mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks gh iyV fn;k vkSj rykd'kq nk eqfLye efgykvksa ds Hkj.k&iks"k.k ds fy, ljdkjh èku nsus dh O;oLFkk dqN fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr;ks a es a dh xbZ rFkk ifr dks lHkh çdkj ds mŸkjnkf;Ro ls eqä dj fn;k x;kA
nw ljk çdj.k Jherh tksMZ su Ms axMsg cuke Jh ,l-,l- pksiM+k ¼,-vkbZ-vkj- 1985 ,l-lh-935½ dk gSA fons'k ls ok es a dk;Zjr bl bZ lkbZ efgyk us fØf'p;u fookg dkuwu 1972 ds vUrxZ r ,d fl[k iq#"k ls fookg fd;k FkkA 1980 es a vius lkFk dh tk jgh Øw jrk ds vkèkkj
ij mlus rykd dh ekax dh] ijUrq mlds rykd dh çkFkZuk Lohdkj ugha dh xbZ] rks mlus mPpre U;k;ky; es a ifr ds 'kkjhfjd :i ls v{ke gksus ds vkèkkj ij rykd dh ekax dhA mPpre U;k;ky; us bl fookn ij fu.kZ; lqukrs gq, Hkkjr ds fofèk ,oa U;k; ea=ky; dks Li"V :i ls fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh fd;k fd fookg vfèkfu;e es a iw.kZr% lqèkkj gksuk pkfg, rFkk tkfr ,oa èkeZ dh ijokg u djrs gq, ,d leku ukxfjd lafgrk ykxw dh tkuh pkfg,A ;g Hkh dgk x;k fd U;k;ky; 'kh?kz ,oa vfuok;Z :i ls leku ukxfjd lafgrk dh vko';drk vuqHko djrk gSA ckdh nks eq[; çdj.kks a dk mYys[k eSa dy ds lEikndh; es a d:axkA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&7-11-2011
Hkkjr es a ljdkjs a cnyrh jghaA rFkkdfFkr èkeZfujis{krk ds uke ij xBcaèku gks rs jgs] ljdkjs a curh jghaA vVy fcgkjh oktis;h ljdkj ds ckn ns'k es a gh ugha ns'k ds ckgj Hkh ;g lans'k Hkstus dh çfØ;k dk lw=ikr fd;k x;k fd vVy th dh ljdkj ,d lkEçnkf;d fdLe dh ljdkj Fkh] vc ;gka èkeZfujis{k ljdkj dk opZLo gks pqdk gSA èkeZfujis{krk D;k gS bldh dkuwuh ;k la oSèkkfud O;k[;k vkt rd ugha gks ldhA dkuwu dk u;k fo|kFkÊ Hkh tc Hkkjr es a lafoèkku dh vks j ,d fogaxe –f"V Mkyrk gS rks ikrk gS fd la oSèkkfud –f"Vdks.k ls Hkkjr es a 1976 ls iw oZ èkeZfujis{krk ugha FkhA Hkkjr ds lafoèkku ds uhfr funZs'kd rRo ;k vfèkdkjks a ls
loZèkeZ leHkko >ydrk Fkk fd ugha] eSa bl cgl es a ugha iMu+k pkgrk ij ;g 'kCn èkeZfujis{k 42 os a la'kksèku ds ckn çkDdFku es a vk;kA
eSa vkxs c<u+ s ls igys nks vkSj çek.kksa dks is'k djuk pkgw axkA ,d vkSj çdj.k 'kk;jk ckuks uke dh eqfLye efgyk dk gS] ftlus vius ,oa vius cPpks a ds Hkj.k&iks"k.k ds fy, mPpre U;k;ky; dk njoktk 1987 ¼,-vkbZ-vkj- 1987 ,l-lh- 1107½ es a [kV[kVk;kA U;k;ky;us 'kkgckuks csxe ds ds l dk mnkgj.k ns rs gq, Hkj.k&iks"k.k dk vkns'k fn;kA ,d vkSj ekeyk 11 ebZ] 1995 es a mPpre U;k;ky; ds ,sfrgkfld fu.kZ; dk gSA ,d fgUnw efgyk ftlds ifr us bLyke èkeZ Lohdkj dj nw ljh 'kknh dj yh Fkh] dh ;kfpdk ij fu.kZ; lq ukrs gq, mPpre U;k;ky; us vkns'k fn;k fd fgUnw dkuwu ds vuqlkj èkekZa rj.k ds i'pkr~ iw oZ 'kknh lekIr ugha gks rh rFkk iq ufoZokg èkkjk 494 ds vuqlkj naMuh; gSA fookg] rykd vkS j iaFk ;g LoHkko vkSj
cgq r dqN vkLFkk vkSj fo'okl dk fo"k; gS] lqfoèkk dk fo"k; ugha gSA,d fgUnw dyek i<+dj eq lyeku cu tkrk gS ;k ,d eqlyeku ea= i<+dj fgUnw cu tkrk gSA ;g Hkjks lk] fo'okl vkSj vkLFkk ,oa rdZ dk fo"k; gSA fdlh ds }kjk iaFk dk ?kfV;k nq#i;ksx rq jUr jksdk tkuk pkfg,] erkUrj.k lqfoèkk ds fy, ugha gksuk pkfg,A ;g cgqr xEHkhj] lkekftd] jktuhfrd vijkèk gSA U;k;kèkh'kks a us dgk fd leku ukxfjd lafgrk mRihfM+ r yksxks a dh lqj{kk rFkk jk"Vª dh ,drk ,oa v[kaMrk nksuks a ds fy, vR;ko';d gSA U;k;ky; us vkxs ;g Hkh dgk fd ftu yksxks a us foHkktu ds i'pkr~ Hkkjr es a jguk Lohdkj fd;k] mUgs a Li"V :i ls ;g tku ysuk pkfg, fd Hkkjrh; us rkvks a dk fo'okl nks jk"Vª ;k rhu jk"Vª ds fl)ka r es a ugha Fkk vkSj Hkkjrh; x.kra= es a ek= ds oy ,d jk"Vª gSA dksbZ Hkh leq nk; iaFk ds vkèkkj ij i`Fkd vfLrRo cuk, j[kus dh ekax ugha dj ldrkA fofèk gh og çkfèkdj.k gS u fd iaFk
dkSfVY; dk vkSj 'ks"k vkèks es a fo'o ds lHkh jktuhfrK lesVs tk ldrs gSaAcl ds oy <kbZ jktuhfrK gh bl i`Foh ij gq, gSaA Jh —".k us fo"ke ls fo"ke ifjfLFkfr es a ;g ugha dgk fd eS a bl i`Foh ij ^jktuhfr* dh LFkkiuk djus dks vorfjr gqvkA mudk Li"V mn~?kks"k gS&
nw ljh ckr tks vkt fopkj.kh; gS vkS j lukru ok³~xe; ds gj vkjkèkd dks tkuuh gksxh og gS Hkxoku ds ;s opu fd ^vius èkeZ es a jgdj e`R;q dks çkIr gksuk vPNk gS] ij nw ljks a dk èkeZ fouk'kdkjh gS] og Hk;kog gSA** ;g mfä fo'o ds lcls cM+ s uhfrK dh gSA D;k ;gka Hkxoku —".k dks ge lkEçnkf;d dgs a vkSj viuh vks<+ h gqbZ èkeZfujis{krk dh dlkSVh ij mUgs a udkj ns aA D;k ;g mfpr gksxk \
FkksM+k lk bl ckr dks blfy, le>uk gksxk D;ks afd Hkkjr es a tks dkuwu curs gSa] mudk lcls cM+k lzks r èkeZ gSA ^LoèkeZ* dh ckr Hkxoku blfy, djrs gSa D;ks afd tUe ds lkFk gh euq";ds la Ldkj ,d fo'ks"k fn'kk es a cuus 'kq: gks tkrs gSa vkSj mlh ds vuqlkj mldh J)k dk fuekZ.k gks rk gSA
,d fo'kq) vk;Z lekth ifjokj dk mnkgj.k ys aA ml ifjokj es a mRiUu ckyd dks osnks a es a vxkèk fu"Bk gksxh] og ,d gh bZ'oj dks ekuus okyk gksxk] Lokeh n;kuan ds fopkjks a ij vkLFkk j[kus okyk gksxk] Li"Voknh gksxkA vxj ,s ls fdlh ;q od dks vki ;g dgs a fd] ^^rq e dy
vkSj muds us rk ns jgs gS a] eq>s yxrk gS fd mUgsa èkeZ] ns'k] jk"Vª dh u rks tkudkjh gS vkSj u gh fpa rkA dkaxz s l] dE;q fuLVks a] rhljs vkSj pkSFks ekspZs ds us rk vkSj vusd {ks=h; us rk ,s lk dj jgs gSaAvktknh ds ckn ls gh etgch ladh.kZrk] tkfrokn vkSj {ks=okn ftruk bUgks aus QSyk;k gS mruk fdlh us ugha QSyk;kA vYila[;dks a ds oksV Fkksd es a cVks jus ds fy, cgqla[;d fgUnq vks a dh vkLFkkvks a ij yxkrkj vk?kkr djuk vkSj jk"Vªh; vfLerk ij çgkj djuk budh vknr cu pq dk gSA tks dqN vkt gks jgk gS mldh 'kq:vkr vaxzstks a ds 'kkludky es a gqbZ Fkh] ftldh ppkZ eSa dy d:axkA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&9-11-2011
vaxzstks a ds 'kkludky es a 1871 es a fofy;e foYlu gaVj dh vè;{krk es a ,d desVh cukbZxbZ FkhA bl desVh dk xBu vaxzstks a us eqlyekuks a dh fLFkfr dk vè;;u djus ds fy, fd;k FkkA gaVj desVh us viuh fjiksVZ es a eqlyekuks a ds fiNM+ siu ds fy, rRdkyhu Hkkjrh; jkT; vkSj fgUnqvks a dks nks"kh Bgjk;k FkkA ftl çdkj gaVj desVh dh flQkfj'kks a ds xHkZ es a vyxkookn dk
cPpk iyrk jgkA og cPpk vkt cM+k gks pqdk gSAeueksgu flag ljdkj us 2005 es a tfLVl jktsUæ lPpj dh vè;{krk es a ,d mPpLrjh;desVh cukdj eq lyekuks a ds vkfFkZd] lkekftd vkS j 'kSf{kd fiNM+ siu dk vè;;u djok;kA lPpj desVh us tks flQkfj'ks a dha oLrq r% og rq"Vhdj.k dk iq fyank ek= gS aA lPpj desVh us ;g Hkh flQkfj'k dh fd eqfLye cgqy pquko {ks= eqfLyeks a ds fy, vkjf{kr dj fn, tk,aA ;fn ,s s ls fuokZpu {ks= vuqlwfpr oxZ ds fy, vkjf{kr gSa rks mUgs a Hkh jí dj fn;k tk,A ljdkj us Hkh lPpj desVh dh flQkfj'kks a dks ;Fkkor ykxw djus dh ckr eku yhA bl ij la ln es a u rks cgl djkbZ xbZ u gh dksbZ dk;Zokgh fjiksVZ ¼,Vhvkj½ is'k dh xbZA vkf[kj ljdkj dks tYnh fdl ckr dh Fkh] tcfd fjiksVZ es a eqlyekuks a ds fiNM+ siu dk eq[; dkj.k tula[;k o`f) rFkk f'k{kk dh mis{kk dk mYys[k rd ugha fd;k x;kA eqlyekuks a ds fiNM+ siu dk dkj.k lc tkurs gS aA bl ns'k es a tkfdj gq lSu] Q[k#íhu vyh vgen ns'k ds lokZsPp in jk"Vªifr in ij jgsAeksgfluk fdnobZ] utek gsirqYyk vkS j vusd eqfLye efgyk,a mPp inks a ij jghaA lyeku [kq'kÊn] Qk:d vCnqYyk vkSj dbZ vU; eqfLye ea=h ns'k dh ls ok dj jgs gSaA bles a dksbZ lansg ugha fd ;gh eueksgu ljdkj dk ,tS aMk gS] tks lPpj desVh dh flQkfj'kks a ds :i es a lkeus vk;k gSA
lPpj desVh us viuh fjiksVZ es a D;k dgk] tjk ml ij Hkh utj Mkys a&desVh us dgk gSfd eqlyeku vius dks loZ= vlqjf{kr eglw l djrk gSA udkciks'k eqfLye efgykvks a rFkk nk<+ h vkSj Vksih okys eqlyekuks a dks cgqla[;d fgUnw turk ?k`.kk vkSj lansg dh –f"V ls ns[krh gSAiqfyl vkSj ç'kklfud vfèkdkjh vYila[;dks a ds lkFk vR;kpkj djrs gSaA eqlyekuks a ds lkFk iw jh e'khujh èkkfeZd HksnHkko djrh gSA ukSdfj;ks a ds p;u es a eqlyekuks a ds lkFk HksnHkko fd;k tkrk gSA oksVj fyLV ls tkucw>dj ljdkjh e'khujh eq lyekuks a ds uke dkV ns rh gSA çkFkfed Lrj
ij mnZ w dks çksRlkgu u feyus ls uoksn; dh ijh{kk es a eqlyeku cPps ços'k ugha ikrs gSaA bruh f'kdk;rs a ntZ djkus ds lkFk gh eqfLyeks a dh cngkyh nw j djus ds fy, lPpj us tks lq>ko fn,gS a os Hkh de gkL;kLin ugha gSaA muds vuqlkj bLyke es a C;kt dk ysuk ;k nsuk gjke gS blfy,cSadks a dks eqfLyeks a ds fy, viuh O;oLFkk cnyuh pkfg,A ftys dh lHkh dY;k.kdkjh ;kstukvks a dk ,d fuf'pr Hkkx eq lyekuks a ds fy, vkjf{kr dj fn;k tk, rFkk blds fØ;kUo;u ds fy,eqlyekuks a dh ,d desVh cuk nh tk,A enjlk f'k{kk cksMZ dks lhch,lbZ ds leku ekU;rk nh tk,] ftles a enjlks a dh vkèkkjHkw r lqfoèkkvks a rFkk f'k{kdks a dk iw jk [kpZ dsUæ ljdkj mBk, fdUrq f'k{kdks a dh fu;qfä vkSj ikBîØe fuèkkZ j.k es a mldk dksbZ gLr{ksi u gksA
Jh fdnobZ] Jh gk'keh vkSj Jh dq jS'kh rFkk tkosn gqlSu la?k yksd ls ok vk;ksx ds lnL; jgs gSaA mUgksaus rks dHkh eqlyekuks a ls HksnHkko dh f'kdk;r ugha dhA lp rks ;g gS fd ftu eqlyekuks a us Åaps vksgns lEHkkys os dkQh mPp f'k{kk çkIr jgsA vk'p;Z gksrk gS fd lPpj desVh dks bl yksdra= dh [kkfl;r utj ugha vkbZ] cfYd mUgs a f'kdk;rs a gh utj vkbZaA iqfyl ls ok] ukSdj'kkgh] yksdls ok vk;ksx] vLirky] fpfdRld rFkk f'k{kk txr es a Hkh eq fLye mPpinks a ij jgs rks fgUnq vks a }kjk muls HksnHkko djus dh ckr dks lp ugha ekuk tk ldrkA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&10-11-2011
;g bl ns'k dk nqHkkZX; jgk fd 1895 es a ,d vaxzst ykMZ ,yu vksDVkfo;u áwe }kjk LFkkfir dkaxzs l us 'kq: ls gh fgUnqRo fojksèkh joS;k viuk;k vkSj ns'k dh vktknh ds lkFk foHkktu dks Hkh Lohdkj dj fy;kA dkaxzs l us etgc ds vkèkkj ij ns'k foHkktu ds ckn Hkh viuh fgUnqRo fojksèkh o eq fLye rq"Vhdj.k dh jk"Vª ?kkrd uhfr dks ugha NksM+kA ;g flyflyk vkt rd py jgk gSA eueksgu ljdkj us rq"Vhdj.k dh lHkh lhek,a yka?k nh gSaA ljdkj us 2005 ls dsUæh; ;kstuk vk;ksx dh okf"kZd ;kstukvks a es a vuqlwfpr tkfr ds fy, fo'ks"k dEiksus aV ;kstuk lekIr dj nh FkhA nw ljh vks j jk"Vªh; fodkl ifj"kn dh cSBd es a çèkkuea=h
eueksgu flag us ns'k ds vkfFkZd la lkèkuks a ij igyk gd eqlyekuks a dk cuk fn;kA27 twu] 1961 dks ns'k ds çFke çèkkuea=h ia- tokgj yky usg: us lHkh eq [;eaf=;ks a dks i= fy[kdj voxr djk;k Fkk fd etgc ds vkèkkj ij fdlh Hkh çdkj dk vkj{k.k u fd;k tk,A blh çdkj 1936 es a iwuk iSDV ds ckn tc vaxzst ljdkj us vuq lwfpr tkfr dh igyh lwph tkjh dh Fkh rks èkekZarfjr bZlkbZ o eqlyekuks a dh tkfr;ka mles a 'kkfey djus dh ekax mBkbZ xbZ Fkh] ftls vaxzst gqdwer us vLohdkj dj fn;k FkkA fdUrq eueksgu ljdkj bles a Hkh ugha pwdh vkSj lPpj desVh ds ckn jaxukFk feJ vk;ksx dk xBu djds èkekZarfjr bZlkbZ vkS j eqlyekuks a dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dk vkj{k.k djus gs rq iS joh çkjEHk dj nhA çkjfEHkd rkSj ij jk"Vªh; vuqlwfpr tutkfr vk;ksx ds vè;{k cwVk flag us Hkh bldk fojksèk fd;k fdUrq lksfu;k xkaèkh tSlks a dh lgefr ns[kdj 'kka r gks x,A
oLrqr% 16 fnlEcj] 2004 dks dSFkksfyd fo'ki dkaxzs l vkQ bafM;k us ubZ fnYyh es a 34
bZlkbZ vkSj 14 xS j bZ lkbZ vFkkZr dqy 48 lka lnks a dh cSBd cqykbZ] ftues a èkekZarfjr bZlkbZ vkS j eqlyekuks a dks vuq- tkfr ds vkj{k.k dk ykHk fnyokus lacaèkh tufgr ;kfpdk lokZsPp U;k;ky;es a nkf[ky djus dk fopkj r; gqvkA bl ;kfpdk ds lanHkZ es a dsUæ ljdkj us viuh lgefr O;ä dh] ftldk c;ku ljdkj ds odhy us dksVZ es a fn;k] bl ij U;k;ky; us lgefr dk vkèkkj tkuuk pkgkA vkèkkj crkus ds fy, cM+ s gh ukVdh; <ax ls jaxukFk feJ vk;ksx cukdj ljdkj us 10 ebZ] 2007 dks euekuh fjiksVZ lokZ sPp U;k;ky; es a çLrqr dj nh tcfd lqçhe dksVZ iatkc jko cuke esJke ¼1965½] jkekfyaxe cuke vczkã ¼1967½] lw lkbZ cuke Hkkjr la?k ¼1987½ vkfn fooknks a ls igys gh bl fo"k; ij vlgefr O;ä dj pq dk gS] ysfdu dsUæ ljdkj dh uh;r dSlh fofp= gS fd 10 ekpZ] 2006 dks vYila[;d f'k{k.k la LFkkuks a esa vuq- tkfr ,oa fiNM+ s oxZ ds vkj{k.k dh O;oLFkk dks Nk=ks a ds ços'k ds lacaèk es a lekIr dj fn;k x;k tcfd
èkekZa rfjr bZlkbZ o eq lyekuks a dks vuqlwfpr tkfr dk vkj{k.k fnyokus dh iSjoh çkjEHk dj nh xbZA lpeqp es a ;g èkekZa rj.k dks çsfjr djds Hkkjr es a fgUnw tula[;k de djus dk xEHkhj "kM;a= gSA
ljdkj dh rq"Vhdj.k dh uhfr;ks a ds pyrs vYila[;dks a dk >qdko dkaxzs l dh rjQ gh jgk tcfd fgUnw jktuhfrd rkSj ij fc[kjk gqvk gh jgkA ;gh dkj.k jgk fd ns'k dh lŸkk ij ,s ls yksx vkSj ny dkfct gks tkrs gSa ftUgs a fgUnq Ro] jk"Vª okn] jk"Vªh;rk vkSj vius ns'k ds xkSjo'kkyh bfrgkl vkSj la L—fr dk Kku gh ugha gks rkA dsUæ dh ljdkjks a us Hkkjr fojksèkh rRoks a
dks [kqn bl ns'k es a iukg nhA Hkkjr es a 3 djksM+ caxykns'kh ?kqliSfB;s ns'k dh lq j{kk ds fy,[krjk cu pq ds gSaA mUgks aus ljdkjh lg;ksx ls viuh lEifŸk;ka cuk yh gSaA fgUnq vks a ds èkeZLFkyks a vkSj 'kfäihBks a dk ljdkjhdj.k fd;k tk jgk gS] ysfdu nw ljks a ds èkeZLFkyks a ij dksbZ fu;a=.k ughaA ljdkjh [ktkus ls vYila[;dks a ds èkkfeZd LFkyks a ds j[kj[kko ij [kpZ gks rk gSA
t:jreanks a rd igq ap ugha ikrk] cfYd Øhehys;j bldk Qk;nk T;knk mBkrs gSaA vkt gkykr ;g gSa fd i<+kbZ] ukSdjh] O;kikj gj {ks= es a vkj{k.k dks txg feyh gSA ;gka rd fd fpfdRlk ds {ks= es a Hkh vkj{k.k ykxw gSA ;g ckr le> ls ijs gS fd ekuo thou ls tqM+ s is'ks esa vkj{k.k nsuk oksV cSad dh jktuhfr ds vykok D;k gks ldrk gS \ bls rks lhèks rkSj ij ^jktuhfrd ?kw l* dgk tk ldrk gSA
vc mŸkj çns'k es a foèkkulHkk pquko gksus tk jgs gSa rks dkaxzs l ds fy, ;g pquko thou&ej.k dk loky gSA jkgqy xkaèkh ds Hkjld ç;klks a ls Hkh dkaxzs l ds ogka iqutÊfor gksus ds vklkj fn[kkbZ ugha ns rsA dkaxzs l] lektoknh ikVÊ vkSj clik dh utjs a eqfLye oksV cSad ij gS a vkSj dkaxzs l eqfLye oksV cSad ds fy, ,s lk czãkL= NksMu+k pkgrh gS] ftlls mls pqukoh thr gkfly gksA eq[;ea=h ek;korh us çèkkuea=h dks i= fy[kdj eqfLye lekt ds fy, vkj{k.k dh
ekax dh FkhA cl fQj D;k Fkk dsUæh; fofèk ea=h igq ap x, y[kuÅ vkS j dj fn;k ,syku fd çèkkuea=h eueksgu flag vkSj lksfu;k xkaèkh bl ekeys es a dkQh xEHkhj gSa vkSj ljdkjh ukSdfj;ks a es a eqfLyeks a dks vkj{k.k dh ?kks"k.kk tYn dj nh tk,xhA mUgksaus ;g Hkh ,syku fd;k fd ljdkj lPpj desVh dh flQkfj'kks a ij vey djus ds fy, rS;kj gSA pqukoks a ls igys eqfLyeks a dks vkj{k.k ,d lhèkh fj'or gSA lo.kZ fgUnw xjhch es a Hkys gh ,fM;+ka jxM+&jxM+ dj ej tk, dksbZugha iwNrkA u ljdkj] u fj'rsnkj] u fe=] dksbZ lgk;rk ugha djrk ysfdu eqfLyeks a dks bl ckr ls lrdZ jguk gksxk fd pquko ls igys lgkuqHkwfr trkdj jktuhfrd ny muls èkks[kk rks ugha dj jgsA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&12-11-2011
vkt eS a ppkZ d:axk 'k=q lEifŸk foèks;d dhA 'k=q lEifŸk foèks;d dks ysdj ftl rjg ls lkEçnkf;d jktuhfr dh xbZ og dkQh v'kksHkuh; jghA gky gh es a la ln dh x`g ea=ky;dh LFkk;h lfefr us 'k=q lEifŸk foèks;d dks ,d er ls ukeatw j dj fn;kA bldh iq jtks j odkyr dj jgs x`gea=h ih- fpnEcje vkSj fofèk ea=h lyeku [kq'kÊn ds fy, ;g djkjk >Vdk gSA la lnh; lfefr us jktk egewnkckn ,e-ds- eqgEen [kku dk i{k Hkh lq uk] tks lqçhe dksVZ es a 'k=q lEifŸk ekeys esa ;kfpdkdrkZ FksA
njvly x`g ea=ky; foèks;d es a fd, x, cnykoks a ij lfefr dks Li"Vhdj.k nsus es a foQy jgkA foèks;d ij la lnh; lfefr dk QSlyk oSls rks ns'k Hkj dh 'k=q lEifŸk;ks a ls tqM+k gS] ysfdu bldk lcls T;knk vlj mŸkj çns'k ij gksxkA ogka jktk egewnkckn foHkktu ds le; vius firk ds ikfdLrku pys tkus ds ckn 'k=q lEifŸk ds rgr xbZ Hkkjh&Hkjde tk;nkn gkfly djus ds fy, yM+kbZ yM+ + jgs gSaA fiNys foèkkulHkk pquko es a og dkaxzs l ds mEehnokj FksAiw oZ es a vnkyr es a muds bl ekeys dks fpnEcje ,oa [kq'kÊn dkuwuh lykg Hkh ns pqds gSaA Hkktik lka ln os adS;k uk;Mw dh vè;{krk okyh lfefr us viuh fjiksVZ xq#okj dks jkT;lHkk ds lHkkifr gkfen va lkjh dks lkS ai nh gSA fjiksVZ lHkh nyks a dh vke jk; ls eatw j dh xbZ gS] ftles a dkaxzs l ds nl lka ln Hkh 'kkfey gSaA lfefr us flQkfj'k dh gS fd ljdkj mlds lq >koks a ds eqrkfcd ekStwnk foèks;d dh txg u;k foèks;d ysdj vk,A lfefr us dgk gS fd gtkjks a djksM+ #i, dh
'k=q lEifŸk mu yksxks a ds gkFk esa ugha tkuh pkfg,] ftudk ml ij oSèkkfud gd ugha gSA Hkkjr uhfr çfr"Bku ds vuqlkj yksduhfr dk mís'; jk"Vªh; fgr gks rk gSA ;g ladh.kZrkvks a ls Åij gks rk gSA U;k;ky; ;k tuer bls t:j çHkkfor djrk gS ijUrq dk;Zikfydk ,oa foèkkf;dk ls ,sfrgkfld] lkekftd ,oa èkeZfujis{k ewY;ks a ds lanHkZ es a dk;Z djus dh vis{kk dh tkrh gSAnqHkkZX; ls Hkkjrh; jktuhfr es a ,s lh vusd ço`fŸk;ks a dh mRifŸk gq bZ gS ftuls yksduhfr;ks a ,oa yksdrkaf=d la LFkkvks a dk voewY;u gks jgk gSA blh dk mnkgj.k orZeku fookn gSA Hkkjr ljdkj ds gh nks ea=h x`gea=h ih- fpnEcje ,oa fofèk] vYila[;d ekeyks a ds ea=h lyeku [kq'kÊn] bl fo"k; ij ,d&nw ljs dk çfrokn djrs jgsA x`g ea=ky; dh –<+ rk dks rksMu+ s ds fy,
ftl jktuhfrd czãkL= dk ç;ksx fd;k x;k og n'kdks a ls Hkkjr dh jktuhfr ,oa uhfr fuèkkZjdks a dks detks j djrh jgh gSA ;g gS vYila[;d fgr ds uke ij yksduhfr;ks a dks iquiZfjHkkf"kr djus ds fy, nckoA ;gh gq vk 'k=q lEifŸk vfèkfu;e ds lacaèk es aA dqyhuks a us viuh jktuhfr dks tehu ij mrkj dj bls ^eqfLye eq ík* cuk fn;kA dk;Zikfydk ds foosd ,oa rdZ dk LFkku Øe'k% ladh.kZrk ,oa Hkkouk us ys fy;kA eqfLye lka lnks a us ,dtqV gksdj 'k=q lEifŸk vfèkfu;e ls tqM+ s i{kks a dks eqfLye fojksèkh crk;k vkSj jktuhfr es a ogh ijEijkxr lkEçnkf;d èkzq ohdj.k bl fo"k; ij Hkh gks x;kA
foHkktu ds ckn yk[kks a yksxks a us Hkkjr&ikd dh lhek yka?kh FkhA LokHkkfod gS fd yksxks a dh jk"Vªh;rk Hkh cnyhA ,sls 'kj.kkfFkZ;ks a dh lEifŸk;ks a dks Hkkjr ,oa ikfdLrku dh ljdkjks a us vfèkxzg.k dj Custodian ds vUrxZr dj fn;kA mu yksxks a dks Hkh ikfdLrku NksMu+ s ds fy,
ckè; fd;k tks ,s lk gh pkgrs FksA blh Øe es a Hkkjr es a Evacuee Property Act vk;k FkkAikfdLrku ,oa ckn es a caxykns'k us 'k=q lEifŸk;ks a dks viuh&viuh vFkZO;oLFkk ds <kaps es a mi;ksx dj fy;kA Hkkjr es a O;oLFkk dh detks j bPNk&'kfä us bls xS j dkuwuh dCts ,oa fdjk;snkjks a ds gokys dj fn;kA lkB ds n'kd rd bu lEifŸk;ks a dks 'k=q lEifŸk ugha ekuk x;kA tks yksx bls eqfLye ç'u ekurs gS a mUgs a 'k=q lEifŸk dk ;k rks Kku ugha gS ;k os tkucw>dj rF;ks a dks vuns[kk dj jgs gSaA
'k=q lEifŸk dh voèkkj.kk Hkkjr es a 1962 es a Hkkjr&phu ;q) ds ckn vkbZ tc 'k=q jk"Vª ls çR;{k&vçR;{k tqM+ s lfØ; yksxks a dh lEifŸk ljdkj us vfèkxzfgr dj yhA fQj ikfdLrku ds lkFk 1965 es a ;q) gq vkA LokHkkfod Fkk tks Hkkjr&phu ;q) ds le; gqvk Fkk ogh uhfr nqgjkbZ xbZA rHkh 1968 es a 'k=q lEifŸk vfèkfu;e vk;kA jktk egewnkckn 1958 es a LosPNk ls ikfdLrku x, FksA mudh lEifŸk dks 'k=q lEifŸk ds rgr vfèkxzfgr dj fy;k x;kA bls vYila[;d rFkk cgq la[;d ç'u ekuuk ns'k dh uhfr fuèkkZ j.k çfØ;k dks Hkzfer ,oa detks j djuk gS] ijUrq ljdkj us blh detks jh dk ifjp; ns rs gq, vius gh }kjk yk, x, igys foèks;d dks fujLr dj u;k foèks;d rS;kj fd;kA f}rh; 'k=q lEifŸk ¼la'kksèku vkSj fofèkekU;dj.k½ foèks;d 2010] tks lkEçnkf;d jktuhfr ds ncko es a rS;kj fd;k x;k foèks;d gSA uhfr dk xyr ;k lgh gksuk mruk nq"ifj.kkedkjh ugha gks rk gS ftruk fd ladh.kZrkoknh rkdrks a ds ncko es a mldk fuekZ.k djuk gks rk gSA jk"Vªh;rk ls tqM+k ;g dkuwu vifjorZuh;gksuk pkfg, FkkA U;k;ky; us bls ?klhVdj lkEçnkf;drk ds nk;js es a yk [kM+k dj fn;k gSA¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&13-11-2011
jktuhfr dh D;k ifjHkk"kk gksuh pkfg,] vkt dh ifjfLFkfr;ks a dks ns[kdj le>uk eqf'dy ughaA jktuhfr ekuork ls vyx ,s ls yksxks a dh HkhM+ dh cdokl gS] ftUgs a vius fxjscka es a >kadus es a dksbZ fnypLih ugha ijUrq nw ljks a ds ln~xq .k Hkh mUgs a ^tgj* yxrs gSa] vr% ;g 'kk'or nq"Vrk dk gh i;kZ; gS tcfd èkeZ dk eryc gS&èkkj.k djus ;ksX;A {kek] d#.kk] n;k]ijfgr] ;s lc èkkj.k djus ;ksX; gSaA vr% tks bUgs a èkkj.k djrk gS og èkkfeZd gSA ,s ls es a jktuhfr D;k èkeZ ds lkFk jg ldrh gS \
ldZl esa yaxwj us xtc fn[kyk;k [ksy jsy ?kksVkyksa dh pyk] czsd dj fn;k QsyA
ea=h in dh 'kiFk ys] oks cksy eqLdk; lkbZa bruk nhft,] tk esa dqVqEc lek;A
vki ftls pkgs a oksV ns a] ftldk pkgs lkFk ns a] pfj= ;gh gSA ,s ls es a Jhjke dk uke Hkh fny es a gh ys a rks vPNk gSA u tkus dkSu lkEçnkf;drk dk vkjksi yxkdj vkidks nw j Hkxk nsA¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&14-11-2011
Hkkjr es a fgUnw /keZ dk ckj&ckj vieku fd;k x;kA fgUnqvks a ds /keZLFkyks a a dk ljdkjhdj.k fd;k x;kA dkaxzs l uhr xBca/ku ljdkj us fgUnqvks a ds vkLFkk LFkyks a ij vk?kkr djus es a dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+ hA fgUnqvks a ds vkjk/; ns o Jhjke }kjk cuk, x, leq nzh ls rq Jhjke ls rq dks rksM+us dk iz;kl fd;k x;kA
ljdkj us lqizhe dksVZ es a Hkxoku Jhjke ds vfLrRo dks gh udkj fn;kA tc blds fojks/k es a tuekul meM+k rks ljdkj Fkj&Fkj dkaius yxhA tc vyxkookfn;ks a vkSj vkrda okfn;ks a ds ncko es a vkdj tEew&d'ehj ds dkaxzs lh eq[;ea=h xqyke uch vktkn us ckck vejukFk ;kf=;ks a dh lqfo/kk ds fy, nh xbZ Hkwfe okil ys yh rks fgUnw lekt us ,dtq V gksdj
fojks/k fd;kA bl vkanksyu es a 11 fgUnw 'kghn gq, vkSj ,d gtkj ls vf/kd yksx ?kk;y gq,A Lora=rk laxzke es a viuk vewY; ;ksxnku nsus okys ohj lkojdj dks vktknh ds ckn Hkh dkaxzs l us fu'kkuk cuk;k vkSj ekS r ds ckn Hkh viekfur djus es a dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+ hA
ohj lkojdj us dgk Fkk fd jktuhfr dk fgUnwdj.k vkSj fgUnw dk lSudhdj.k djks&;g v[kaM Hkkjr dh lqj{kk dk egkea= ØkfUrdkfj;ks a ds iFk izn'kZd egku ns'kHkDr ohj lkojdj us Hkkjr la rkuks a dks ns rs gq, 1955 es a tks/kiqj es a fgUnw egklHkk ds eap ls cksyrs gq, dgk Fkk&^^tc rd ns'k dh jktuhfr dk fgUnwdj.k vkSj fgUnw dk lSudhdj.k ugha fd;k tk,xk rc rd Hkkjr dh Lok/khurk] mldh lhek,a] mldh lH;rk o la Ld`fr dnkfi lq jf{kr ugha jg ldsxhA es jh rks
fgUnw ;qodks a ls ;gha vis{kk gS fd os vf/kd la[;k es a lsuk es a HkrhZ gksdj lSU; fo|k izkIr djs a rkfd le; iM+us ij os vius ns'k dh Lok/khurk dh j{kk es a ;ksxnku ns lds aA fo|ky;ks a es a lSfud f'k{kk vfuok;Z :i es a nh tk,A**
eq>s yxrk gS fd vkus okys 20 o"kks Z a ds Hkhrj fgUnqRo vkSj fgUnqLrku ij ?kks j ladV vkus okyk gSA Hkkjr foHkktu ftu dkj.kks a ls gqvk Fkk mles a ;w jksi ds bZlkbZ ns'kks a fczVsu&vejhdk vkfn dk dqfVy [ksy py jgk FkkA dkaxzs l lŸkk izkfIr ds fy, bruh ykykf;r Fkh fd fgUnw fgrks a ds fo:) tkdj Hkh eqfLye yhx vkSj ftUuk ds lkFk feydj ns'k vkS j lŸkk dk caVokjk Lohdkj dj fy;kA eqlyekuks a dks ikfdLrku dk uke eqfLye ns'k fey x;k vkSj tks cpk og fgUnqLrku ;kfu fgUnq vks a dk LFkku dgyk;kA ns'k foHkkftr gks rs gh eqlyekuks a dks Hkkjr dh ns oHkwfe ij ,d bLykeh jk"Vª fey x;k ij fgUnw&eqfLye ds uke ij ns'k dk caVokjk gksus ds
ckn Hkh fgUnqvks a dks mudk fgUnw jk"Vª ,d fnu Hkh ugha feykA egkRek xka/kh us ftUuk es jk HkkbZdk jkx vykirs gq, cM+ s tks j&'kks j ls fgUnw&eqfLye HkkbZ&HkkbZ dk ukjk yxk;k vkSj izkFkZuk lHkkvks a es a bZ'oj vYyk rs jks uke [kwc xk;k] ysfdu xka/kh th ds lkeus gh HkkbZpkjs dk og ukjk Qsy gks x;kA ftUuk vkSj lqgjkonhZ ds Mk;jsDV ,D'ku ls ygwyqgku Hkkjr dk caVokjk gks x;kA[kwu ls yFkiFk vax&Hkax Hkkjr ekrk ds 'kjhj ij dkaxzs lh fnYyh es a <+ksy ctkdj lŸkk izkfIr dk t'u euk jgs Fks vkSj caVokjs ds fnu dks vktknh dk fnu crk jgs gSA
dkaxzs lh us rkvks a xka/kh&usg: ds rq "Vhdj.k ds vkn'kks Za ij orZeku dkaxzs l py jgh gS vkSj dkaxzs lh iz/kkuea=h dgrs gS fd ns'k ds la lk/kuks a ij igyk gd eq lyekuks a dk gSA ;g Li"Vr%fgUnw fgrks a dh cyh nsus dh ?kks"k.kk gh gSA bl okD; ls fgUnw ;qodks a dk Hkfo"; nko ij yx x;k gSA lPpj lfefr dks ykxw djds eqfLye rq"Vhdj.k dk uaxk ukp dkaxzs l us 'kq: dj fn;k gSA ikfdLrku izk;ksftr vkradokfn;ks a ds izfr tks dk;Zokgh bl ns'k dh fgUnw turk pkgrh gS
mruh ugha gks jgh vfirq ns'k ij geyk djus okys vkradokfn;ks a dh lqj{kk ij mUgha lqj{kk cyks a dks yxk;k gqvk gS ftUgs a os ekjus vkrs gSA vkradokfn;ks a dh lqj{kk vkSj [kkus&ihus ij Hkh ns'k dh xjhc turk iS lk ikuh dh rjg cgk;k tk jgk gSA djksM+ks ugha ,d vjc ls vf/kd :i;s Hkkjr es a idM+ s x, vkrafd;ks a ij [kpZ fd, tk pqds gSaA tks lsuk d'ehj es a Hkkjr dh lq j{kk es a yxh gqbZ gS mls lhek ls okil cqyk jgs gSaA
ikfdLrku vkS j ckaXkykns'k ls gfFk;kj vkSj fopkj ysdj Hkkjr fojks/kh xfrfof/k;ks a es a fyIr vkradokfn;ks a ls ujeh cjrh tk jgh gSA fLFkfr;ka caVokjs ls igys dh rjg Hk;kog gks jgh gSAij dksbZ cksyrk ugha vkSj tks cksyrk gS mls lkEiznkf;d vkS j HkkbZpkjk fcxkM+us okyk crkdj mlds ihNs gkFk /kksdj ekuokf/kdkfj;ks a dh QkSt lkFk ysdj ihNs iM+ tkrs gS aA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&15-11-2011
egku jk"Vªoknh fpUrd vkS j fopkjd ohj lkojdj us D;k dgk Fkk] bl ij fopkj djuk t:jh gS] mudh dgh ckrs a ,d&,d djds lp gks jgh gSaA
4 twu 1947 dks ohj lkojdj us dgk fd usg: dk ;g dFku xyr fl) gksxk fd Hkkjr foHkktu ls fgUnw&eq fLye leL;k dk lnk ds fy, lekèkku gks tk,xkA fgUnw&eqfLye leL;k ds lekèkku ds :i es a ns'k dks [kaM&[kaM djus okyks a dks eSa ps rkouh ns rk ga w fd ns'k ds
jgh gS vkSj rq"Vhdj.k dh uhfr;ks a ds pyrs fgUnw vkradokn dk gkSok [kM+k dj jgh gSA orZeku es a ;g Hkwfedk fpnEcje o fnXxh jktk fuHkk jgs gSaA fgUnqLrku es a fgUnw èkeZ dks viekfur fd;k tkrk gS tcfd fgUnw èkeZ fdlh nw ljs èkeZ dk vieku ugha djrkA bl ij eq>s ,d çlax ;kn vk jgk gSA
^^loZiYyh jkèkk—".ku tc ,d NksVs bZlkbZ Ldwy es a i<+ rs Fks rHkh ls fgUnw èkeZ ds çfr bZlkbZ vè;kidks a ds }s"kiw.kZ mn~xkjks a dks lqurs vk, FksA Ldwy esa yM+dks a dks ^ckbcy* rks i<+kbZ gh tkrh Fkh ij ckr&ckr es a fgUnw èkeZ dh ga lh mM+kuk Hkh bZlkbZ iknfj;ks a dk fuR;deZ cu x;k FkkA ckyd jkèkk—".ku dks ;g cqjk rks yxrk Fkk ij èkeZ ds jgL;ks a ls vutku gksus ds dkj.k os
vfèkd cksy ugha ldrs FksA fQj Hkh bu ckrks a ls mudk eu èkeZ ds Lo:i dh rjQ vkdf"kZ r gks x;k vkSj os bl fo"k; dh iqLrdks a dks i<+dj mu ij fopkj djus yxsA mUgks aus Lokeh foosdkuan dh iqLrds a i<+ ha vkSj muls mudks fu'p; gks x;k fd fgUnw èkeZ bZlkbZ èkeZ dh vis{kk vfèkd lkj;qä vkS j mi;q ä gSA vc os bZlkbZ iknfj;ks a dh ckrs a lq udj pqi ugha jgrs Fks] oju~dHkh&dHkh viuk vla rks"k Hkh çdV dj ns rs FksA
iknjh mŸkj ns rs&^vkSj fgUnw èkeZ \ D;k nw ljks a dh ç'ka lk djrk gS \ ^gka] og dHkh nw ljks a ds èkeZ dks cqjk ugha dgrkA Hkxon~xhrk es a Hkxoku —".k us ;gh dgk gS fd fdlh Hkh ns o dh
mikluk djus ls es jh gh mikluk gks rh gS vkSj eSa mldk çfrQy ns rk gw aA ;s fofHkUu etgcvkSj lEçnk; mu vusd jkLrks a dh rjg gSa tks fofHkUu fn'kkvks a ls vkdj ,d gh dsUæ ij fey tkrs gSaA bues a ls fdlh dks lPpk vkSj vU;ks a dks >wBk dguk mfpr ughaA*
tc dHkh dksbZ iknjh fgUnw jhfr&fjoktks a dh vkykspuk djrk rks os dgrs&^iknjh lkgc ! gks ldrk gS vki gekjs bu jhfr&fjoktks a dk egRo u le>s a] fdUrq fpjdky ls pyh vk jgh bUgha çFkkvks a us gekjs fo'okl vkSj J)k dks fLFkj j[kk gS] tks èkeZ dk ewy gSA es js ns'k dk ,d lkèkkj.k fdlku Hkh] tks bUgha fo'oklks a ds lkFk viuk thou;kiu djrk gS] vkt ds foKku dh pdkpkS aèk ls ikxy cus fdlh Hkh ik'pkR; ns'k ds vius dks Kku lEiUu dgus okys O;fä ls vfèkd èkkfeZd gSA vèkdpjs foKku us rks vkt djksM+ks a ik'pkR;tuks a dh J)k dks ,s lk fucZy cuk fn;k gS fd os fdlh Hkh èkeZ ds fo'oklh vkSj vuq;k;h ugha jg ikrsA bl çdkj èkeZcy ls jfgr O;fä D;k dHkh lPpk lq[k ik ldrk gS \ vki fu'p; le> ys a fd Hkkjr o"kZ ds
ftu rifLo;ks a vkSj vkpk;ks Z a us la lkj dks ,s lh egku la L—fr nh vkS j mldk ykHk fcuk èkeZ vkS j lEçnk; ds HksnHkko ds ekuo ek= dks igqapk;k] mudks dHkh èkeZ 'kwU; ugha dgk tk ldrk \**¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&17-11-2011
bl jk"Vª es a rFkkdfFkr èkeZfujis{krk dk ycknk vks<+ s dkaxzsfl;ks a us jk"Vªokfn;ks a dks vkradoknh djkj nsus dh iw jh dksf'k'k dhA ;g lkS çfr'kr lR; gS fd vkradokn dk dksbZ jax
ugha gks rkA ;fn dksbZ Hkxok] gjk] dkyk] uhyk ;k vU; fdlh jax dks vkrad dk çrhd crkrk gS rks og xyr gSA ;s lc ç—fr ds migkj gSaA Hkxok 'kCn Hkxoku ;k bZ'oj dk çrhd gS ysfdu bl ns'k es a Hkxok jax ij dkyh fl;klr dh xbZA viuh foQyrkvks a dks fNikus ds fy, x`gea=h ih- fpnEcje] fnfXot; flag ;k dq N vU; us rkvks a us Hkxok vkradokn ds tqeys dk lgkjk fy;kA ;s yksx Hkxok vkradokn ij çgkj djds eq fLye leqnk; ds chp uk;d cuuk pkgrs gS aA ;g çof̀Ÿk vuFkZdkjh gSA x`gea=h vkSj muds leFkZdks a dks bfrgkl es a >kad dj ns[kuk pkfg,fd Hkxok la L—fr vkSj muds vuq;k;h fdrus mnkj vkSj vfga ld jgs gSaA
tjk ;kn dhft, dkaxzs l ds egklfpo jkgqy xkaèkh us çfrcafèkr vkradh laxBu fleh dh rqyuk jk"Vª h; Lo;a ls od la?k ls djds viuh jktuhfrd vifjiDork dk çek.k fn;k FkkA la?k fuf'pr :i ls fgUnw jk"Vªokn dk çorZd gS vkS j fgUnw la L—fr dks Hkkjrh; la L—fr ds i;kZ;
'kghn egs'k pUæ 'kekZ ds ifjokj ls lgkuqHkwfr O;ä djus dh ctk; vkjksih vkrafd;ks a ds ifjokj ls lgkuqHkwfr O;ä dh xbZA
26@11 ds eqEcbZ geys es a 'kghn gsea r djdjs dks ysdj igys vCnqy jgeku va rqys vkSj ckn es a fnXxh jktk us loky mBk,A fnXxh jktk us luluh[kst jgL;ksn~?kkVu fd;k fd gsea r djdjs us geys ls nks ?kaVs igys muls Qksu ij ckrphr dh vkSj djdjs us fgUnw laxBuks a ls viuh tku dks [krjk crk;k FkkA mudh bl ckrphr dk dksbZ Qksu fjdkMZ ugha feykA nq fu;k tkurh gS fd 26@11 geys ds ftEesnkj ikd ds vkradh laxBu gS a rks fQj bl geys dk #[k fgUnw laxBuks a dh vks j eksM+ dj fnXxh us Hkkjr ljdkj ds LVS aM dks gh detks j fd;kA dkaxzs l us
'kghnks a dh 'kgknr dks >q Bykus dk dke fd;kA 'kghn djdjs dh iRuh Hkh dkaxzs l ds joS;s ls vkgr gqbZ a vkSj mUgks aus dkaxzsl dh fuank dh ysfdu dkaxzs l [kkeks'k jghA mls rks eq fLye oksV cSad dh fpa rk gSA la ln ij geys ds nks"kh vQty xq # vkSj 26@11 eqEcbZ geys ds nks"kh dlkc dks Qka lh dh ltk ij Hkh dkaxzs l us tedj lkEçnkf;d jktuhfr dhA
vQty dk vFkZ gks rk gS fo}ku vkSj Js"B ysfdu vktdy ,d vkS j gh vQty dks ysdj ns'k es a cgl fNM+ h gSA vkt dh rkjh[k es a vQty xq# og 'k[l gS] ftldks Hkkjrh; la ln ij o"kZ 2001 ds geys ds ekeys es a U;k;ky; us Qka lh dh ltk nh gSA U;k;ky; ds vkns'kkuqlkj vQty dks 20 väwcj] 2006 dks fnYyh dh frgkM+ tsy es a Qka lh nh tkuh Fkh]ysfdu fl;klrnkuks a dh dkjLrkuh vkSj ljdkj ds <q yeqy joS;s ds dkj.k 11 väwcj] 2006 dks fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd vxys vkns'k rd vQty dks Qka lh ugha nh tk,xhA Hkkjr ljdkj ds xg̀
ea=ky; us bl vk'k; dk i= frgkM+ tsy ç'kklu dks fy[kk] ftldh iq f"V tsy ç'kklu us Hkh dhA vQty çdj.k es a ftl çdkj ls dsUæ es a dkfct lŸkk:<+ dkaxzs l vkSj mlds lg;ksfx;ks a us c;ku tkjh fd, gS a] og fdlh Hkh lw jr es a jk"Vªfgr es a ugha dgs tk ldrs gSaA dkfcys xkSj gS fd tc Hkh dgha Hkkjr jk"Vª dk ftØ fd;k tkrk gS rks ogka çrhd ds :i es a la ln ;k v'kksd LrEHk ç;qä fd;k tkrk gSA vQty us fdlh ,d O;fä ij ugha cfYd la ln ij geys dh i`"BHkwfe dk rkuk&ckuk cqudj iw js jk"Vª ij geyk fd;kA mlus Hkkjr dh v[kaMrk vkSj lEçHkqŸkk dks rkj&rkj djus dk xq ukg fd;k gS] ftldh ltk ekSr vkS j flQZ ekS r gS] ysfdu gekjs fl;klrnkuks a] fo'ks"kdj dkaxzsfl;ks a us ftl rjg ls oksV dh jktuhfr ls vfHkHkwr gksdj eqfLye rq"Vhdj.k dk [ksy [ksyk gS] og fdlh Hkh lw jr es a lPps Hkkjrh; ds fy, lguh; ugha gSA lcls igys tEew&d'ehj ds eq[;ea=h xqyke uch vktkn vkSj fQj ogha ds iw oZ eq[;ea=h Qk:d vCnqYyk dk dguk fd ;fn vQty dks Qka lh nh tkrh gS rks çns'k dh dkuwu&O;oLFkk fcxMu+ s
dh vk'kadk gS] gkL;kLin yxrk gSA vkf[kj ,d O;fä ftlus iw js jk"Vª ds çtkra= ds eafnj ij geyk fd;k gS] mldks ltk ugha fn, tkus dh iSjoh ,d ftEesnkj O;fä }kjk djuk Bs l igq apkrk gSA bruk gh ugha] xqyke uch vktkn ds c;ku dk ftl çdkj ls dkaxzs l us leFkZu fd;k] og le> ls ijs FkkA dbZ jkT;ks a es a gksus okys foèkkulHkk vkSj fudk; pq ukoks a ds dkj.k dkaxzs l us vQty ekeys dks my>kdj j[k fn;k FkkA 26@11 ds eq EcbZ geys es a idM+ s x, ,dek= thfor vkradoknh dlkc ds ekeys es a Hkh ;gh #[k viuk;k x;k ftldh ppkZ eS a dy d:axkA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&19-11-2011
ns'k ds fo#) tax NsMu+ s lfgr dbZ laxhu vijkèkks a es a nks"kh djkj fn, x, ikd vkradoknh vtey dlkc dks tfLVl rkfgfy;kuh us ltk&,&ekS r lq ukbZ FkhA fu'p; gh vnkyr ds QSlys ls eqEcbZ ds vkradh geyks a es a ekjs x, funkZ s"k yksxks a ds ifjokjks a dks ,d lq dwu feyk gksxk ftuds ifjokj ds lnL; fcuk fdlh vijkèk ds gh dky dofyr gks x, FksA 'kqØ gSfd dlkc ftUnk idM+k x;k ojuk ;s rks iw jh rS;kjh ds lkFk fryd yxkdj vk, FksA lkjs ds lkjs ekjs tkrs rks rFkkdfFkr èkeZfujis{k yksx bUgs a fgUnw djkj ns rs vkSj Hkkjr dHkh Hkh budk lacaèk ikfdLrku ls lkfcr ugha dj ikrkA ;s fgUnw vkradoknh ugha] ;g lkfcr djuk Hkh
fgUnqvks a ds fy, eqf'dy gks tkrkA ;g dSlk ns'k gS tgka gR;kjks a ds cpko ds fy,foèkkulHkkvks a es a çLrko ikfjr fd, tkrs gSaA ns'k es a ,d ubZ fopkjèkkjk l`ftr djus dk ç;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA dHkh ;gka jktho xkaèkh ds gR;kjks a dks vke ekQh nsus dh ckr dh tkrh gS rks dHkh dlkc dh Qka lh dh ltk ekQ djus dh ekax dh tkrh gSA
dlkc dks ltk lquk, tkrs le; l= U;k;ky; us tks fVIif.k;ka dh Fkha] os dkQh vka[ksa [kksyus okyh FkhaA U;k;ky; us dgk Fkk fd ^^dlkc tS ls vkradoknh lqèkj ugha ldrsA tsgkn ds uke ij èkekZ aèk yksx dqN Hkh dj ldrs gSa ;k buls dqN Hkh djk;k tk ldrk gSA cs'kd ;s ns'k vkSj lekt ds lkFk ekuork ds Hkh nq'eu gSa vkSj bUgs a NksM+ nsuk mijksä rhuks a dks [krjs es a
Mkyuk gSA**;g fdruk nq%[kn gS fd bl ns'k es a vkradoknh dks ltk fn, tkus dk ekeyk vc jktuhfr dk fo"k; cu pq dk gSA lH; lekt es a ltk ds nks mís'; gks rs gSa&O;fä ds Hkhrj i'pkrki dk cksèk djkuk vkSj nw ljks a es a Hk; iSnk djuk fd ;fn mlus Hkh vijkèk fd;k rks mUgs a Hkh ,s lh gh ltk feysxhA
ekSr ls gj O;fä Mjrk gS] blfy, Qka lh ls vfèkd Hk; iSnk djus okyh ltk dksbZnw ljh ugha gks ldrhA vc ekuokfèkdkj ds dqN leFkZd igys dh gh rjg ;g nyhys a ns jgs gSa fd e`R;qnaM dh ltk ç—fr ds fu;e ds f[kykQ gS vkSj fdlh dks Hkh fdlh dk thou Nhuus dk vfèkdkj ughaA cs'kd os ;g ckr dgrs gq, cs'keÊ ls bl ckr dks Hkwy tk,axs fd ftu eklwe funkZ s"kks a dks bu gSoku cu pqds ba lkuks a us cs otg xksfy;ks a ls Hkwu Mkyk] thus dk vfèkdkj rks
mudks Hkh FkkA dlkc ds eq díes vkSj mldh dM+ h lqj{kk ij ljdkj us ds oy blfy, djksM+ks a #i, [kpZ dj fn, fd dksbZ ;g u dgs fd Hkkjr es a vkradoknh dlkc ds lkFk dksbZ ukba lkQh gq bZ gSA
vQty ds ckn dlkc dh ltk ij vey dks ysdj tedj jktuhfr gks jgh gSA loky ;g gS fd vxj Qkalh dh ltk ij jktuhfr dh tk jgh gS rks ns'k ij vkØe.k djus okyks a] lSdM+ks a eklweks a dk dRy dj nsus okys gSokuks a dks dkSu lh ltk nh tk, \ tc ekSr dh ltk dk çkoèkku gks rs gq, Hkh bu vkradokfn;ks a dks dkuwu dk ys'kek= Hkh Mj ugha jgk rks fQj gkykr dSls gks axsA dlkc dh ltk dks yVdk dj oksVks a dh jktuhfr dk xf.kr cSBk;k tk jgk gSA cgqr ls loky gSa ftudk mŸkj ljdkj] ç'kklu] U;k; O;oLFkk vkSj [kqn lekt dks <w a<us gks axsA vxj ljdkj dlkc dks ltk ugha ns rh vkS j mls tsy es a fcj;kuh gh f[kykrh gS rks bruh egaxh U;kf;d çfØ;k pykus dh t:jr gh D;k FkhA bafnjk xkaèkh us jktuf;d jfoUæ gjs'oj
jk"Vªh; vfLerk vkSj èkeZfujis{krk ds ckjs es a fofHkUu cqf)thoh vius fopkj O;ä djrs jgrs gSaA eq>s vè;;u ds le; iŸkks a dh rjg tnZ iM+ pq ds dkxt ds dqN iUus feys] tks lwcsnkj estj ;ksxsUæ —".k us dHkh eq>s Hksts FksA eSa ikBdks a ds le{k muds fopkj çLrq r djuk pkgw axk&
^;g ckr fufoZokn :i ls lksyg vkus lR; gS fd Hkkjr o"kZ fo'o es a jke vkS j —".k dh Hkwfe ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gS vkSj reke rFkkdfFkr cqf)thfo;ks a] ys[kdks a }kjk Hkze fuekZ.k djrs jgus ds ç;Ruks a ds ckotwn ckcj ,d geykoj ds :i es a gh bfrgkl es a ntZ gS vkSj jgsxkA bu yksxks a dks Jhjke vkSj ckcj es a fgUnw&eqlyeku dk gh vUrj fn[kkbZ ns rk gSA Hkkjr o la lkj Hkj ds djksM+ks a yksx çfro"kZ Jhjke tUeHkwfe vkS j Jh—".k tUeHkwfe ij foxzg ds n'kZu] iwtu gs rq
gtkjks a o"kks Za ls vkrs jgs gSaA rks D;k os ,d dYiuk ij gh bruh J)k vkS j fo'okl ysdj vkrs gS a\ bls xEHkhjrk vkS j cqf)erkiw oZd le>us ls lc Hkzkafr;ka frjksfgr gks tk,axhA gekjs us rk jk"Vªh; ,drk] èkeZfujis{krk] lkEçnkf;d ln~Hkko] tkfr foghu lekt] lkekftd U;k; vkfn dh yEch&pkSM+ h ckrs a djrs vk jgs gSa rks fQj ge mlls ,dne mYVh fn'kk es a c<+ rs gq, D;ks a nh[k jgs gS a tks ns'k dks iqu% foHkktu ds fudV yk jgh gS \ ge yEcs le; ls bl fouk'kdkjh jktuhfrd ç.kkyh dk lfØ; vax gks pq ds gS a vkSj blls ;g fo'okl iw oZd dgk tk ldrk gSfd gekjk jktuhfrd us r`Ro viuh pquko j.kuhfr vkSj okns xf.kr dk iw jk xqyke cu pqdk gSA mudh èkkj.kk iDdh cu pq dh gS fd eqfLye leqnk; gh lcls iDdk vkSj lcls cM+k vkèkkj gSD;ks afd eqfLye ernkrk vius oksV etgch vkèkkj ij gh ç;ksx djrs gSaA blls ;g fl) gks rk gSfd mudk èkeZfujis{krk dk vFkZ ^fgUnw vkØkedrk* dgka gS \ blh fgUnw lekt us ^vius gh* Hkzka r
us rkvks a }kjk ^Nkrh ij yxs foHkktu ds rkts ?kko* dks >sydj Hkh eq lyekuks a dks Lokèkhu Hkkjr ds ^lafoèkku* es a vius ls Hkh vfèkd vfèkdkj çnku djus fn,A gekjs _f"k;ks a dh nsu ^,da lf}çk% cgq èk onkZ a r* ds ?kks"k okD; dh nsu ds dkj.k gh fgUnw lekt us cgqla[;d gks rs gq,Hkh ;g vlkekU; fu.kZ; fy;kA bles a fdlh çdkj dh etcw jh ugha FkhA blh ds lkFk ikfdLrku us vktknh ds ckn gh ^eqfLye jk"Vª* dh ?kks"k.kk dj nh ftldk ifj.kke Li"V fn[k jgk gS fd foHkktu ds ckn fgUnqvks a dh la[;k ogka djksM+ ls ?kVdj yk[k jg xbZA caxykns'k es a Hkh fgUnqvks a dh ^nqxZfr* Bhd oS lh gh gks jgh gSA
,d gh ,sfrgkfld i"̀BHkwfe okys bl Hkw[kaM ds bu rhuks a Hkkxks a ds vkpj.k ds bl Hkkjh va rj ij è;ku ns a rks va rj lkQ fn[kkbZ ns rk gSA mu yksxks a us bLykeh çHkq lŸkk Lohdkj dh vkSj vYila[;d yksxks a dks thfor yk'ks a cuk fn;k vkSj ;gka vkt Hkh ^èkeZfujis{krk* tSls 'kklu çcaèk
fgUnqvks a dh lfg".kqrk dh ijh{kk lSdM+ks a o"kZ igys gh 'kq: gks xbZ FkhA 1920 es a xkaèkh th us dkaxzs l dks f[kykQr vkanksyu es a >ks ad fn;k vkSj vktknh dh yM+kbZ njfdukj gks xbZA dkj.k Fkk fd f[kykQr vkanksyu es a cksyrs gq, ekSykuk vCnqy ckjh us dgk Fkk fd ^^eqlyekuks a dk lEeku [krjs es a iM+ tk,xk] ;fn geus fgUnqvks a dk lg;ksx ugha fy;kA ges a xkS oèk can dj nsuk pkfg, D;ks afd ge ,d gh Hkwfe dh la rku gS a** fdUrq lEeku dk [krjk Hkkjr es a ugha FkkA ;g rq dÊ ds eqlyekuks a dh leL;k Fkh] ftls Hkkjrh; eq lyeku vks<+dj py iM+ s FksA 1857 ds ckn vktknh dh yM+kbZ es a Hkkjrh; eqlyekuks a us dc lkFk fn;k \ os 1906 es a eqfLye yhx dh LFkkiuk ds ckn ls gh vyx ls eqfLye jk"Vª dh çkfIr ds fy, vkxs c<u+ s yxs FksA 1946 dk pquko bl dsUæh; ç'u ij gh yM+k x;k Fkk fd Hkkjr v[kaM jgs ;k mldk foHkktu gks vkSj ml pquko ds ifj.kkeks a ls Li"V gS fd 99 çfr'kr fgUnqvks a us dkaxz s l ds ^v[kaM Hkkjr* ds
vkºoku ds leFkZu es a oksV fn, rks 97 çfr'kr ls vfèkd eqfLye lekt us ftUuk ds ^ikfdLrku*dh ekax ds leFkZu es a oksV Mkys vkSj ekSykuk vktkn tSls jk"Vªoknh us rk dh iw.kZ mis{kk dj nhA
1947 es a feyh foHkkftr vktknh ls ysdj vkt rd gq, NksVs&cM+ s ,d gtkj fgUnw&eq fLye naxs fdlus fd, \ bldk fo'ys"k.k gksuk t:jh gSA
lc tkurs gSa fd jk"Vªh; ,drk dh LFkkiuk rc rd ugha gks ldrh tc rd lc ds eu es a Lons'kh iw oZtks a ds çfr lEeku] bl ns'k dh iq jkru la L—fr ds çfr viuRo vkS j xkSjo vkS j ekr`Hkwfe ds çfr Hkfä dk Hkko u gksA ;qxks Lykfo;k] phu] cq Yxkfj;k vkfn us tks eqfLye leL;k dks gy djus ds fy, yEcs ç;kl fd,] og vlQy D;ks a gks x, \ baXySaM tSls mnkjoknh ns'k es a
cls eqlyekuks a dh ;g ekax mBrh jgh gS fd ,d èkkfeZd lEçnk; ds ukrs muds fy, vyx la ln cukbZ tk, \D;ks a eqfLye leL;k gh gekjs yEcs Lokra«; la?k"kZ ds ekxZ es a ckèkk cudj [kM+ h jgh vkSj
D;ks a ns'k foHkktu ds ckn Hkh ^Lora= Hkkjr* dh jktuhfr Hkh vkt rd bl ^leL;k* ds pkjks a vks j ?kwe jgh gS \ ^eqfLye igpku dh j{kk* ds iq jkus ç'u] ftlds ^f} jk"Vªokn* ds fl)ka r us ^ikfdLrku* ds :i es a Hkkjr ds flj ij ^LFkk;h 'k=q* cukdj [kM+k fd;k] iq u% fodjky :i ysdj [kM+k gks x;k gS \ dqN fxus&pq us ns'kHkä mnkjoknh eqfLye us rk vo'; fpafrr gSa fdUrq mudh vkokt eqfLye lekt es a ^uDdkj[kkus es a rw rh* dh vkokt tSlh gh gSA
foèks;d ds :i es a la ln es a vk;k vkSj ikl gks x;k rks ns'k es a ,d vkSj caVokjs dk jkLrk rS;kj gks tk,xk D;ksafd bles a bZlkbZ vkSj eqlyekuks a dks la j{k.k nsus ds fy, ,s ls çkoèkku j[ks x, gSa ftlls fgUnq vks a dh gkyr xqyke tSlh gks tk,xhA lksfu;k xkaèkh [kqn bZlkbZ gSaA og vkxs pqukoks a es a dkaxz s l dh thr dh j.kuhfr ds rgr eqlyekuks a dks [kq'k djus ds fy, fdlh Hkh gn rd tk ldrh gS aA blh ;kstuk ds rgr lkEçnkf;drk fojksèkh foèks;d ykus dh tks j&'kks j ls rS;kjh py jgh gS ysfdu bldh igyh cSBd es a gh 6 jkT;ks a ds eq[;eaf=;ks a us ugha vkdj fojksèk trk fn;kA mM+ hlk ds eq[;ea=h us dg fn;k fd ;g fcy rks ,s lk gS fd ;fn dgha ij fdlh vYila[;d us dqN fd;k vkSj naxk gqvk rks cgqla[;d leqnk; ds f[kykQ dkjZ okbZ gksxhA blds vykok bl
eqís ij dsUæ ljdkj jkT; ljdkj dks c[kkZLr Hkh dj ldrh gSA blls rks bl ns'k ds cgq la[;d fgUnq vks a dh gkyr xq ykeks a dh gks tk,xhA lksfu;k xkaèkh vejhdk o bZlkbZ tekr ds vykok eqfLye oksV cSad dks [kq'k djus ds fy, viuh ns[kjs[k es a cuok, lkEçnkf;drk fojksèkh fcy dks vius ;leSu çèkkuea=h eueksgu flag ds ekQZr ykus dh rS;kjh dj jgh gSaA igyh cSBd es a rks lc dqN mYVk iM+ x;k] ysfdu ml elkSns es a dqN bèkj&mèkj djds fQj ml ij cgq er cukus dh dksf'k'k gksxhA fdlh Hkh rjg bls Qjojh 2012 rd la ln es a ikl djkdj eqlyekuks a dks [kq'k djus dh ;kstuk gS ysfdu igyh cSBd es a rks >Vdk yx x;kA
;wih, ljdkj es a t;panks a vkSj ehj tkQjks a dh dksbZ deh ugha gS ftudk ,dek= y{; lkekftd ln~Hkko dks fcxkM+ dj viuk mYyw lhèkk djuk gSA lkEçnkf;d fga lk jksdus dks foèks;d 2006 es a la ln es a is'k dj fn;k x;k Fkk] ysfdu bles a ikfjr ugha fd;k tk ldk FkkA
Hkktik us tc bldk fojksèk fd;k Fkk rks dkaxzs l us mls lkEçnkf;d djkj fn;k FkkA bl foèks;d es a ns'k ds ukxfjdks a dks vYila[;d] cgqla[;d] nfyr&fiNM+ s] tkfr;ks a ds eè; foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA lafoèkku fo'ks"kK Hkh ;g ekurs gSa fd èkkjk 15 es a ;g lkQ&lkQ dgk x;k gS fd tkfr ;k èkeZ ds vkèkkj ij fdlh Hkh ukxfjd ds lkFk HksnHkko ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ;g lafoèkku dh ewy Hkkouk gS rFkk lkekU; la'kksèku ls Hkh bls viokn ds rkSj ij Hkh ugha NksM+k tk ldrkA ;g foèks;d blh vkèkkj ij HksnHkko ewyd gSA oSls Hkh lafoèkku es avYila[;d&cgq la[;d dh dksbZ O;k[;k gh ugha dh xbZA ns'k es a dgha ij dksbZ Hkk"kk ds vkèkkj ij vYila[;d gS rks dgha èkeZ ds vkèkkj ij cgqla[;d blfy, bl foèks;d dks dkaxzs l dh rq"Vhdj.k uhfr ds :i es a ns[kk tk jgk gSA ckdh ppkZ eSa dy ds ys[k es a d:axkA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&23-11-2011
nqfu;k ds fdlh ns'k es a èkeZ ds uke ij dksbZ lkEçnkf;d fga lk foèks;d ugha gSA dkaxzs l vè;{k lksfu;k xkaèkh dh vè;{krk okyh jk"Vªh; lykgdkj ifj"kn us lkEçnkf;d fga lk foèks;d dk elkSnk rS;kj dj MkykA blds vfèkdka'k lnL; ^lSdqyj fczxsM* ds gSa] ftues a Hkktik vkSj fgUnqRo fojksèkh vfHk;kudrkZ g"kZ eanj] v#.kk jk; dk uke fy;k tk ldrk gSA
bl lEikndh; dks vkxs c<+kus ls igys eSa dqN fcUnq Li"V djuk pkgrk gw a %• çksQs lj ds-lh- ik.Ms ds fHkoaMh] egkjk"Vª] vgenkckn ds lkEçnkf;d naxks a ds vè;;u ds vuq lkj fgUnw&eqfLye Qlkn ^^fodkl ds vleku <kaps** ds dkj.k gq,A mudk èkeZ ls
dksbZ ysuk&nsuk ugha FkkA ns'kHkj es a çfl) Lo.kZ eafnj ve`rlj es a gSA Hkxoku —".k dks ysdj jgheth] jl[kku us tufç; jpuk,a fy[khaA efyd eksgEen tk;lh us inekor dh jpuk dhA nknw ok.kh dks fyfic) djus okys jTtcnkl ¼iBku jTtc [kku½ FksAvehj [kqljks dh çfl) HkfDr jpuk ^^Nki fryd lc NksM+ h gSA** ckn'kkg vdcj us fgUnw&bLyke dk feyk&tq yk èkeZ pyk;kA vdcj ds njckj es a vfXu dh iwtk gks rh FkhA'kkgtgka ds cM+ s 'kgtkns nkjk f'kdksg us mifu"knks a dk vuqokn fd;kA ijukeh lEçnk;ds la LFkkid egkefr çk.kukFk us dq jku dk vuqokn fd;kA vktkn fgUn QkSt es a tujy 'kkguokt [kku FksA iBku ckn'kkg [kku lheka r xkaèkh dgyk,A
• dkaxzs l jktuhfrd :i ls yksdlHkk dh 185 lhVks a es a çHkkoh eqfLye oksV cS ad ij eksfguh dke ck.k NksMu+k pkgrh gSA lu~ 1984 ds yksdlHkk pquko rd dkaxzs l dk çfrc) oksVcSad vuqlwfpr tkfr ¼nfyr½] vuqlwfpr tutkfr ¼ouoklh½ vkS j eqfLye ¼dqy 120yksdlHkk lqjf{kr lhV½ FkkA dkaxzs l es a czkã.k us r`Ro ds dkj.k ns'k ds czkã.k ikVÊ ls tq M+ s FksA v;ksè;k es a jke eafnj f'kykU;kl ¼uoEcj 1989½] eaMy vkj{k.k vkanksyu ¼1990½]v;ksè;k es a ckcjh efLtn foèoa l ¼fnlEcj 1992½] cgq tu lekt ikVÊ mn; ls vkschlh]nfyr] eqfLye LFkk;h :i ls dkaxzs l NksM+ x,A
• dkaxzs l ds lSdq yj o` anxku&eqfLye çse ds dkj.k yksdlHkk es a eqfLye lka lnks a dh la[;k 25 o"kks Za es a ?kVdj vkèkh jg xbZA
• çèkkuea=h Mk- eueksgu flag dk dguk gS fd ns'k ds la lkèkuks a ij ^^eq fLyeksa&vYila[;dks a dk çFke vfèkdkj gSA** çèkkuea=h us Qjek;k fd lkEçnkf;d naxks a] vkradh foLQksVks a dh tkap djus okyh ,tSa lh dks iw okZxzg eqDr] Lora= vkSj fu"i{k Nkuchu djuh pkfg,A
• U;k;kèkh'k jktsUæ lPpj jiV ds vuqlkj lu~ 1947 ls lu~ 2007 ds 60 o"kks Z a es a eqfLyeks a dh vkfFkZd] lkekftd n'kk n;uh; jgh vFkkZr lŸkk:<+ dkaxzs l us eqfLye çse ds ik[k.M es a mUgs a eq[;èkkjk ls ugha tksM+kA eqfLyeksa ds ;qotu mPp f'k{kk] fo'ks"kKrk f'k{kk es a fiNM+ x,A
• ns'k es a çèkku U;k;kèkh'k fgnk;rqYyk jgsA jk"Vªifr in ij Mk- tkfdj gqlSu] Q[k#íhu vyh vgen] Mk- ,ihts vCnqy dyke jgsA fo'o ds fdlh Hkh yksdrkaf=d ns'k vejhdk]Ýka l] fczVsu] teZuh] :l] dukMk] vÝhdk vkfn es a vYila[;d eqfLye dks jk"Vªifr in ugha feykA
• lu~ 2004 yksdlHkk pq uko es a eq fLye cgqy yksdlHkk {ks=ks a es a ih,e lbZn] csxe uw jckuks jkeiq j] lhds tkQj 'kjhQ vkfn D;ks a gkjs \
• fo'o ds egkdks"kks a es a lekt ls lEçnk; 'kCn cuk gSA vfèkdka'k fodflr ns'k lkEçnkf;drk ¼dE;qufyTe½] èkeZ fujis{krk ¼lSdqyfjTe½ 'kCnks a dk ç;ksx djuk gh ugha pkgrsA nw ljs ns'kks a es a fga lk djus okys lektdaVd vijkèkh gSaA mUgs a èkkfeZd p'es ls ugha ns[kk tkrk gSA vfèkdka'k 'kklukè;{kks a&jk"Vªkè;{kks a ds èkkfeZd LFky ¼fxjtk?kj] efLtn]ckS) fogkj] ;gwnh eafnj vkfn½ es a iwtk djrs fp= ugha çdkf'kr gks rs gS aA
• ns'k es a 10 o"kks Z a es a vkrad ls yM+ rs 1851 ukxfjdks a vkSj 6728 iqfyl tokuks a us 'kgknr nhA mues a vfèkdka'k fgUnw FksA ¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&24-11-2011
lkEçnkf;drk rFkk yf{kr fga lk foèks;d ds çLrkfor çk:i dk vè;;u djus ds ckn eS a bl fu"d"kZ ij igqa apk gw ¡ fd bl foèks;d ds bjkns ;gh gSa fd viuk ns'k ,d u jgs] lekt es a ln~Hkko lekIr gks tk,] lafoèkku dh Hkkouk ds myV lHkh dk;Z gks aA bl çk:i dks jk"Vªh; lykgdkj ifj"kn us rS;kj fd;k gS] bl ifj"kn ds la oSèkkfud vfèkdkj D;k gS a \ bl ij Hkh cgq r ls loky mB [kM+ s gq, gSaA ns'k es a yksdra= gS] la ln gS] rks fQj ge rFkkdfFkr lykgdkjks a ds tky es a D;ks a Qa l jgs gSa \
• iatkc es a fl[k] d'ehj es a eqfLye vkSj mŸkj&iw oZ ds jkT;ks a es a blkbZ cgqla[;d gS aA• fo'o ds fdlh Hkh ns'k es a èkeZ ds uke ij dksbZ lkEçnkf;d fga lk foèks;d ugha gSA• dkaxzs l dk dguk gS fd lkEçnkf;d naxks a ds le; LFkkuh; ç'kklu vkSj iqfyl muds
lkFk lgh crkZ o ugha djrh gSA ç'kklu ,oa iqfyl eqfLyeks a dks lansg dh utj ls ns[krh gS] ;g xyr gSA
osnks a es a ckj&ckj dgk x;k gS fd euq"; cuks] vPNs euq "; cuks ysfdu geus euq"; dks ckaV fn;kA tks ukfLrd gS èkeZ rks mlds fy, Hkh gS] bZ'oj us lHkh ds fy, gok cukbZ gS] lHkh
ds fy, lw;Z cuk;k gSA mlus fdlh dks vyx ugha fd;kA ;fn og fdlh ls foHksn djuk pkgrk rks vyx lw;Z] gok vkS j ikuh cukrkA tks osn&mifu"kn dh èkkjk ls [kqn dks tksM+ lds ogh fgUnw gSA ,s ls fdrus yksx gSa] tks bu ckrks a ij fo'okl djrs gS aA tc lHkh ,d&nw ljs ls tq M+ s axs rks gh dqN gksus dk vFkZ fudysxkA lfn;ka cny tkus ls fgUnw gksus dk vFkZ ugha cny tkrk ysfdu eSa ;gka Hkh dguk pkgrk gw ¡ fd fgUnqvks a dks vk?kkr ns'k ds dqN fgUnqRo ds gksylsy Mhyjks a us Hkh igqapk;k ogha dkaxzs l us viuh èkeZfu"Bk vkSj pfj= gh cny fn;kA ckdh lHkh tkfroknh jktuhfr dk f<a<ks jk ihVrs jgsA
ckr egkRek xkaèkh ls lacaèk j[krh gSA dkaxzs l dk 26 oka vfèkos'ku eækl es a gks jgk FkkAegkRek xkaèkh dh #fp mu fnuks a vè;kRe es a vfèkd Fkh] ijUrq fQj Hkh og yksxks a dh ckr ekudj ,s ls vfèkos'kuks a es a pys tk;k djrs FksA ,d fnu 'kke ds le; v;axj egksn; ,d e'kfojk ysdj vk, ftldk rkYyqd fgUnw&eqfLye le>kSrks a dks ysdj FkkA
ckiw us dgk&^^vkilh lkSgknZ ls cM+ h ckr D;k gS \ le>kS rk fdlh Hkh 'krZ ij gks] ;g vPNh ckr gSA** v;axj egksn; pys x,A jkr dks ckiw us iw js çLrko dk vè;;u fd;kA
çkr%dky gksus ij ckiw cM+ s mf}Xu utj vk,A mUgks aus egkns o ns lkbZ dks txk;k vkSj dkdk dkysydj dks Hkh cq yk;k vkSj dgus yxs&^^jkr dks eq> ls cM+ h Hkwy gks xbZA eSaus çLrko dks ,d ljljh fuxkg ls ns[kdj mls Bhd dg fn;k Fkk ijUrq mles a rks eqfLye caèkqvksa dks xks oèk dh btktr nsus dk Hkh çkoèkku fd;k x;k gSA eSa rks ^Lojkt* dh dher ij Hkh xks j{kk dk ladYi ugha NksM+ ldrkA eq>s çLrko Lohdk;Z ugha] ifj.kke tks Hkh gks bl Hkkjr dh Hkwfe ij tc rd xks jDr dh ,d cw an Hkh fxjsxh] ;g jk"Vª dHkh 'kkafr ls ugha jg ldrkA çLrko jí gks x;kA bls dgrs gSa èkeZfu"Bk vkSj bls dgrs gSa pfj=A vktknh dh yM+kbZ yMu+ s okyh dkaxzs l us èkeZfu"Bk vkSj pfj= dks cgqr ihNs NksM+ fn;k gSA lp rks ;g gS fd èkeZfujis{krk dk vFkZ loZèkeZ
leHkko Hkh gSA eS aus bl i{k dks bl utfj;s ls ns[kk gS elyu fgUnw èkeZ dks ekuus okyks a dh ckr djs aA bl ns'k es a blh ds vax d'ehj ls rhu yk[k yksx blfy, fudky fn, x, D;ks afd og xhrk vkSj jkek;.k i<+ rs Fks] eafnjks a es a tkrs Fks] vkse ue% f'kok; dk tki djrs FksA lHkh us exjePNh vka lw cgk,] fgUnq vks a dk nnZ fdlh us ugha tkukA
1980 ds n'kd es a tc ikfdLrku çk;ksftr vkradokn ls lkjk iatkc èkw&èkw dj ty mBk] jk"Vª fojksèkh rkdrks a us fgUnw&fl[kks a ds 'kk'or lacaèkks a ij dq Bkjk?kkr fd;kA clks a ls mrkj dj ,d gh leq nk; ds yksxks a dks ekjk tkus yxk] rks gtkjks a fgUnw ifjokj iatkc NksM+dj iyk;u dj x,A vkt bl ?kVuk dk ftØ rd ugha fd;k tkrkA eSa igys Hkh dgrk vk;k gw ¡A
ckr 1984 dh gSA çèkkuea=h Jherh bafnjk xkaèkh dh gR;k ds ckn lkjs jk"Vª es a naxs HkM+d mBs FksA fl[kks a ij geys fd, x,A uXu vka[kks a ls Øw jrk dk ;g rkaMo lHkh us ns[kkA vdsys
fnYyh 'kgj es a e`rdks a dh la[;k 2733 crkbZ xbZ exj lR; dq N vkS j gh FkkA iw js jk"Vª us ns[kk] ;g dkaxzs l çk;ksftr vkradokn FkkA dbZ vk;ksx cus] ysfdu ukukorh deh'ku dh fjiksVZvkt rd lkoZtfud ugha dh xbZ vxj dkaxzs l es a fgEer Fkh rks diw j&feŸky dh fjiksVZ dks lkoZtfud D;ks a ugha fd;k x;kA dHkh tSu&cutÊ desVh ds ij drjs x,] dHkh tSu&vxzoky desVh dh fjiksVZ s a >wBh ;kfpdkvks a ds cy ij lkoZtfud ugha gksus nhaA dHkh iksVh&jks'kk desVh xHkZ es a gh Hkw z.k gR;k dk f'kdkj gqbZA naxks a ds nkSjku ,d o`) fl[k dh foèkok dh ;kfpdk ij rRdkyhu U;k;ewfrZ vfuy ns o flag us tc QSlyk fn;k rks lHkh dh vka[ksa [kq y xbZaA ;g fnYyh gkbZdksVZ dh ckr gSA
^^viuh gh ekr`Hkwfe esa vius gh yksxks a }kjk u`'ka lrkiw oZd dRy fd, tkus dh ?kVukvks a dh osnuk dh ckr lkspus ls vuq Hko gks rk gS fd D;k ,s ls yksx taxyh tkuojks a ls cnrj ugha gSa \**
vkt eSa ml dfork dh iafä;ks a dks fy[kuk pkgw axk tks ml QSlys dk fgLlk gSa] tks dfork johUæukFk VSxks j us jph vkSj ftldk Hkko gS fd taxyh tkuojks a ds lkFk ,dka r fopj.k djus okys dks Hkh mruk Hk; 'kk;n eglw l u gks] ftruk bu nks ik;s nfjUnks a ds lkFk rcbUlku dks FkkA
dfork dks ns[ks a&
“If I 2ere the soil. I 2ere the 2ater if I 2ere the grass or fruit or flo2er if I2ere to roam about the earth 2ith beasts there 2ould be nothing to fear, inne1er ending ties 2here e1er I go, It 2ill be the limitless me”.
tc U;k;ky;ks a ds QSlyks a es a ,s s lh ckrs a vk pqdh gS a] rks tkap vk;ksxks a dh fjiksVks Za dh D;k dher \ tkap rks jaxukFk feJ us Hkh dh FkhA lp rks mUgks aus Hkh cksyus dh 'kq:vkr dh Fkh]ysfdu okg js jkT;lHkk dk lŸkk lq [k] ,d vodk'k çkIr U;k;kèkh'k dh lkjh xfjek èkwy èkw lfjr gks xbZA lc tkurs gSa fd og dkSu ls csbeku] Hkz"V vkSj dŸkZO;ghu vfèkdkjh Fks tks vius vkdkvks a ds cy ij naxs djokus dks gh viuk dŸkZO; le> jgs FksA
dkSu Fks buds vkdkA naxkb;ks a dks fdlus NwV nh \ iqfyl ekSu n'kZd D;ks a cuh jgh \ dkaxz s l us lR; ds lkFk Ny fd;kA
dkaxzs l us ns'k dh fofHkUu tkfr;ks a es a vfo'okl iSnk dj viuk mYyw lhèkk fd;kA bl ij eq>s ,d çlax ;kn vk jgk gS&
jktdqekj vkSj uxj lsB ds csVs dh nks Lrh ls exèk ujs'k cgqr nq%[kh FksA yk[k ç;kl ds ckotwn nksuks a dh nks Lrh VwV ugha jgh FkhA jktdqekj dks xyr laxr ls cpkus ds fy, jktk us eaf=;ks a ls lykg yh vkSj fQj bl dke ds fy, mUgks aus lcls prqj ea=h dks yxk;kA ,d fnu jktdq ekj vkSj uxj lsB ds csVs ckrphr es a e'kxwy FksA brus esa ea=h th vk, vkSj b'kkjs ls jktdq ekj dks vius ikl cq yk;kA ea=h us jktdqekj ls dq N dgk vkSj fQj os okil ykSV x,Aea=h ds tkus ds ckn uxj lsB ds csVs us jktdqekj ls ea=h ds vkus dk mís'; iwNk ij jktdq ekj us dqN ugha crk;kA nw ljs fnu blh rjg ea=h th fQj vk, vkSj bl ckj uxj lsB ds csVs dks cq ykdj dqN dgkA fQj pyrs cusA jktdqekj us Hkh vius fe= ls ea=h ls gqbZ ckr
ds ckjs es a iwNk ij uxj lsB ds csVs us dq N ugha crk;kA bl ?kVuk ds ckn nksuks a ds chpvfo'okl dk okrkoj.k iSnk gks x;kA ea=h th viuh pky es a dke;kc gks x, D;ks afd mUgks aus nksuks a dks cqykdj dqN Hkh ugha dgk FkkA flQZ vfo'okl iSnk djus dh uh;r ls vius ikl cqyk;k FkkA jktk dks nksuks a dh fe=rk VwVus dh [kcj ls vR;fèkd çlUurk gqbZ D;ks afd tks dk;Z lke] nke] naM ls ugha gks rk og dke vfo'okl iSnk djus ls gqvkA dkaxzs l ljdkjks a us ges'kk gh tkfr;ks a es a vfo'okl iSnk dj lŸkk rd dk lQj r; fd;kA ckdh ppkZ eSa dy d:axkA¼Øe'k%½
fnukad&27-11-2011
vc lkEçnkf;d vkS j yf{kr fga lk foèks;d ykdj ;wih, ljdkj lkEçnkf;d fga lk dks jksduk pkgrh gSA bl foèks;d ds çLrkfor çk:i ij es jh fofHkUu yksxks a ls ppkZ gqbZA jkT;lHkk es a foi{k ds us rk vkSj es js fe= v#.k ts ryh ls Hkh bl foèks;d ij xgu ppkZ gqbZ] ftls eSa ikBdks a ds le{k çLrq r djuk pkgrk gw aA
ts ryh th dk ekuuk gS fd çdV :i ls foèks;d dk çk:i ns'k es a lkEçnkf;d fga lk dks jksdus vkSj bl lacaèk es a naM fn;s tkus ds ç;kl ds rkS j ij utj vkrk gSA ;|fi Li"V :i ls çLrkfor dkuwu dk ;g ea rO; gS] rFkkfi bldk vly ea rO; blds foijhr gSA ;g ,d ,s lk foèks;d gS fd ;fn ;g dHkh ikfjr gks tkrk gS rks ;g Hkkjr ds la?kh; <kaps dks u"V dj nsxk vkSj Hkkjr es a va rj&lkeq nkf;d lacaèkks a es a vla rqyu iSnk dj nsxkA
foèks;d dk lcls egRoiw.kZ igyw gS ^lewg dh ifjHkk"kk*A lewg ls rkRi;Z iaFkd ;k Hkk"kk;h vYila[;dks a ls gS] ftles a vkt dh fLFkfr;ks a ds vuq:i vuq lwfpr tkfr;ks a vkSj vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ks a dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA foèks;d ds nw ljs pSIVj es a u;s vijkèkks a dk ,d iw jk lSV fn;k x;k gSA [kaM 6 es a ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd bl foèks;d ds vUrxZr vijkèk mu vijkèkks a ds vykok gS tks vuqlwfpr tkfr ,oa tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½vfèkfu;e] 1989 ds vèkhu vkrs gSaA D;k fdlh O;fä dks ,d gh vijkèk ds fy, nks ckj nafMr fd;k tk ldrk gS \ [kaM 7 es a fuèkkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh O;fä dks mu gkykr esa ;kSu lacaèkh vijkèk ds fy, nks"kh ekuk tk;sxk ;fn og fdlh ^lewg* ls lacaèk j[kus okys O;fä ds]tks ml lewg dk lnL; gS] fo#) dksbZ ;kSu vijkèk djrk gSA [kaM 8 es a ;g fuèkkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd ^?k`.kk lacaèkh çpkj* mu gkykr es a vijkèk ekuk tk;sxk tc dksbZ O;fä ekSf[kd rkS j
ij ;k fyf[kr rkS j ij ;k Li"Vr;k vH;kosnu djds fdlh ^lewg* vFkok fdlh ^lewg* ls lacaèk j[kus okys O;fä ds fo#) ?k`.kk QSykrk gSA [kaM 9 es a lkEçnkf;d rFkk yf{kr fga lk lacaèkh vijkèkks a dk o.kZu gSA dksbZ Hkh O;fä vdsys ;k feydj ;k fdlh laxBu ds dgus ij fdlh ^lewg* ds fo#) dksbZ xSj&dkuwuh dk;Z djrk gS rks og mls laxfBr lkEçnkf;d ,oa yf{kr fga lk ds fy, nks"kh ekuk tk,xkA [kaM 10 es a ml O;fä dks naM fn, tkus dk çkoèkku gS] tks fdlh ^lewg* ds f[kykQ fdlh vijkèk dks djus vFkok mldk leFkZu djus gs rq iSlk [kpZdjrk gS ;k iSlk miyCèk djkrk gSA ;kruk fn;s tkus lacaèkh vijkèk dk o.kZu [kaM 12 es a fd;k x;k gS] ftles a dksbZ ljdkjh deZpkjh fdlh ^lewg* ls lacaèk j[kus okys O;fä dks ihM+k igqapkrk gS ;k ekufld vFkok 'kkjhfjd pksV igq apkrk gSA [kaM 13 es a fdlh ljdkjh O;fä dks bl foèks;d es a mfYyf[kr vijkèkks a ds lacaèk es a viuh M;wVh fuHkkus es a f<ykbZ cjrus ds fy;s nafMr
fd;s tkus dk çkoèkku gSA [kaM 14 es a mu ljdkjh O;fä;ks a dks naM nsus dk çkoèkku gS tks l'kL= lsukvks a vFkok lqj{kk cyks a ij fu;a=.k j[krs gSa vkSj viuh deku ds yksxks a ij dkjxj <ax ls viuh M;wVh fuHkkus gs rq fu;a=.k j[kus es a vlQy jgrs gSaA [kaM 15 es a çR;k;ksftr nkf;Ro dk fl)ka r fn;k x;k gSA fdlh laxBu dk dksbZ ofj"B O;fä vFkok inkfèkdkjh vius vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ks a ij fu;a=.k j[kus es a ukdke;kc jgrk gS] rks ;g ml }kjk fd;k x;k ,d vijkèk ekuk tk,xkA og ml vijkèk ds fy, çR;k;ksftr :i ls mŸkjnk;h gksxk tks dqN vU;yksxks a }kjk fd;k x;k gSA [kaM 16 ds eqrkfcd ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ks a ds vkns'kksa dks bl èkkjk ds va rxZr fd;s x, fdlh vijkèk ds cpko ds :i es a ugha ekuk tk,xkA ¼Øe'k%½
foèks;d es a lkEçnkf;d lkSgknZ] U;k; vkSj {kfriwfrZ ds fy, ,d lkr lnL;h; jk"Vgqh; çkfèkdj.k gksxkA bu 7 lnL;ks a es a ls de ls de pkj lnL; ¼ftles a vè;{k vkSj mikè;{k Hkh 'kkfey gSa½ lewg vFkkZr~ vYila[;d leq nk; ls gks axsA blh rjg dk ,d çkfèkdj.k jkT;ks a ds Lrj ij Hkh xfBr gksxkA vr% bl fudk; dh lnL;rk èkkfeZd vkS j tkrh; vkèkkj ds vuqlkj
gksxhA bl dkuwu ds rgr vfHk;qä ds oy cgqla[;d leq nk; ds gh gks axsA vfèkfu;e dk vuqikyu ,d ,s lh la LFkk }kjk fd;k tk,xk] ftles a fuf'pr gh cgq la[;d leqnk; ds lnL;vYier es a gks axsA ljdkjks a dks bl çkfèkdj.k dks iqfyl vkSj nw ljh tkap ,ts afl;ka miyCèk djkuh gks axhA bl çkfèkdj.k dks fdlh f'kdk;r ij tkap djus] fdlh bekjr es a ?kqlus] Nkik ekjus vkSj [kkstchu djus dk vfèkdkj gksxk vkSj og dk;Zokgh djus] vfHk;kstu ds fy, dk;Zokgh fjdkMZdjus ds lkFk&lkFk ljdkjks a ls flQkfj'ks a djus es a Hkh l{ke gksxkA mlds ikl l'kL= cyks a lsfuiVus dh 'kfä gksxhA og dsUæ vkS j jkT; ljdkjks a dks ijke'kZ tkjh dj ldsxkA bl çkfèkdj.k ds lnL;ks a dh fu;qfä dsUæh; Lrj ij ,d dksysft;e }kjk gksxh] ftles a çèkkuea=h]
x`gea=h vkSj yksdlHkk es a foi{k ds us rk vkS j çR;sd ekU;rk çkIr jktuhfrd ikVÊ dk ,d us rk 'kkfey gksxkA jkT;ks a ds Lrj ij Hkh ,s lh gh O;oLFkk gksxhA vr% dsUæ vkS j jkT;ks a es a bl çkfèkdj.k ds xBu es a foi{k dh ckr dks rjthg nh tk;sxhA