Kuliah Imunologi muhammadya

8/13/2019 Kuliah Imunologi muhammadya

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SPECIFIC AND NONSPECIFIC IMMMUNE

SYSTEM

Dr Nova Kurniati, SpPD. K-AI. FINASIM

Div Allergy & Clinical Immunology

Medical Faculty Muhammadya University


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Components of the Immune System

I. Nonspecific (Innate/ Non-adaptive)

II. Specific (Acquired/ Adaptive)


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Immune System

NonSpecific Specific

Phyisic /Mechanic

- Intact Skin

- Mucus

- Coughing

- Sneezing

- Saliva, tears,

- perspiration,

- urine,

- Vomiting,diarrhea

Humoral

- Biochemic

- Lysozyme

- Neuroam ac

- Lactoferrin

- Complement

- Interferons

- CRP

Cellular

- Phagocyt

- PMN

- MN

-Cell Nol- NK Cell

- K Cell

- Mediator Cell

- Eos

- Mast, etc

Humoral /B Cell

-Imm. Glob

- IgM

- IgG

- IgA

- IgD

- IgE

Cellular /T Cells

- Th Cell

- Tc Cell

- Ts/ Tr Cell

- Tdth Cell


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COMPLEMENT MEDIATORS

MAC

Aktivasi komplemen menghasilkan sejumlah molekul efektor yg punya efek biologik

CLASSIC PATHWAY ACTIVATION AL

T

E

R

A

L

T

ALTERNATIVE PATH ACTIVATION


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INTERFERON

DIKUTIP DARI IMUNOLOGI DASAR KARNEN G.


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NONSPESIFIC CELLULAR IMM SYS

PHAGOCYTOSIS: Macrophage & PMN



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SPECIFIC IMM SYSTEM



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Interaksi antara molekul2 kostimulator mengatifkan sel T yg dalamkeadaan istirahat.

Aktifasi oleh APC: melalui TCR & kompleks MHC

Tapi tanpa disertai 2 kostimulator (B7) anergi


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SPECIFIC CELLULAR IMM SYST


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Antibody function Opsonin


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The concept of the specific immune response

APC

T Helper

/ CD4 T cell

MHC class II

Cellular

immunity

Ag TCR

T cytotoxic

/ CD8 T CellB cell

Target cellIgG

M cell

LPS

Gastrointestinalepithelium

IgM

IgA

MHC class I

TH1 TH2TH3

Humoral

immunity

IL-2, TNF- , INF- IL-4, IL-6, IL-10

TGF-


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Hipersensitivitas

E


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E

2a


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2a

5a


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5a

6a


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6a

8a


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9a


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29d


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30d


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31d


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Autoimun


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Loss of Tolerance in Autoimmune Disease

Susceptibility genes(usually multiple)

Triggering factors(probably environmental)

Loss of tolerance

Auto reactive T cells Auto reactive B cells Inadequate regulatory

mechanism

Persistent pathogenic autoantibodies

Persistent pathogenic immune complexes

Persistent damaging autoreactive T cell

M h i f A t tib d S ti


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Mechanism of Autoantibody Secretion

Uptake ofautoantigen

P d M h i f


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Proposed Mechanisms of

Autoimmunity


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Release of Sequestered Antigens

Some self-antigens are sequestered in specialized tissues

and cannot be expressed in the thymus or bone marrow.

These are not seen by the developing immune system –

will not induce self-tolerance.

Exposure of T cells to these normally sequestered/tissue-

specific self-antigens in the periphery results in their

activation.

Cross-reacting Antigens


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Cross-reacting Antigens

(Molecular Mimicry)

E l f M l l Mi i


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Examples of Molecular Mimicry

Antigen Recognized by Autoantibodies in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases


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Antinuclear

antibodies

Localization Recognized Antigen Disease

Anti-ss-DNA antibody

Anti-ds DNA antibody

Anti-polyADP ribose

antibody

Anti-Scl-70 antibodyAnti-centromere antibody

Anti-histone antibody

Chromatin

ss-DNA

ds-DNA

poly ADPribose

DNA topoimerase lcentromere

Histone

SLE etc.

SLE

SLE

SScCREST

Drug induce lupus

Anti-U1RNP antibody

Anti-Sm antibody

Anti-U2RNP antibody

Anti-SS-A/Ro antibody

Anti-SS-B/La antibody

Anti-PCNA antibody

-

Nucleus

U1RNP

U1, U2, U4/U6, U5 RNP

U2RNP

hY1~hY5 RNP

RNA polymerase III trancription

termination factor

DNA polymerase δ auxiliary factor

DNA dependent protein kinase

activation factor

MCTD

SLE

Overlap syndrome

SjS etc.

SjS

SLE


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Type II Hypersensitivity



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Autoimmunity

A t i Di d t


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Autoimmune Diseases due to


T III H iti it


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Type III Hypersensitivity



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Autoimmunity

A t i Di d t


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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus


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Autoantibodies against Prevalence

Double stranded DNA (dsDNA) 30-90%

Single stranded DNA (ssDNA) 70-95%

Histones 50-80%

U1-nRNP 15-40%

Sm 5-30%

SS-A (Ro) 20-60%

SS-B (La) 10-20%

Cyclin I (PCNA) 3%

Ku 5-10%

Ribosomal P proteins 5-20%

Cardiolipin, β-2-glycoprotein 1 20-40%


Criteria for Diagnosis of SLE


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Criteria for Diagnosis of SLE

Malar rash

Discoid rash Photosensitivity

Oral ulcers

Arthritis

Serositis Neurological disorder

seizure

psychosis

. Renal disorder

proteinuria > 0.5g

Casts

Haematologic disorder

Haemolytic anemia

leukopenia

lymphopenia

thrombocytopenia Immunological disorder

anti-dsDNA

anti-Sm

anti-phospholipids ANA positivity


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Rheumatoid arthritis

Autoantibodies against Prevalence

Histones Rare

Single stranded DNA (ssDNA) 8%RANA 90-95%

Rheumatoid factors 65-90%

Fillagrin (keratin) 50%

T IV H iti it


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Type IV Hypersensitivity



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Type IV Hypersensitivity


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Defisiensi imun


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1. Struktur HIV


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2. Siklus Hidup HIV


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Thank You

Kuliah Imunologi muhammadya

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