kuliah Biologi Reproduktif

Figure 26-3a: Sexual development in the human embryo

Figure 26-3b: Sexual development in the human embryo

TestisEpididymisVas deferensSeminal vesicleProstateBulbourethralEjaculatory ductUrethraPenis

Sekret Vesikula Seminalis fruktosa (sumber energi spermatozoa) untuk motilitas dan Flavin (forensik) mendeteksi adanya semenSekret Glandula Prostata asam sitrat (proses likuifikasi ejakulat dan memelihara keseimbangan osmotik plasma semen), spermin,spermidin, IgA dan IgG (menstimulasi kehidupan spermatozoa)Kelenjar Bulbouretra ( Kelenjar Cowperi) dan Kelenjar Littre ( kelenjar uretra) : membasahi bagian pangkal uretra.

Seminiferous tubules Spermatogonium Spermatids Spermatocytes Spermatozoa Sertoli cellsInterstitial tissue Leydig cells Capillaries

HeadAcrosome:Nucleus:MidpieceCentrioles:Mitochondria:Tail: flagellumMicrotubules:Figure 26-10: Sperm structure

Fase proliferasi : saat pubertas sel primordial mitosis menghasilkan spermatogoniaFase Pertumbuhan : spermatogonia menjadi spermatocytus primariusFase Pematangan : spermatocyt primer bermeiosis I menjadi secunder, bermeiosis ke II menjadi spermatid kromosom (haploid) 23, XY atau XXFase Transformasi : spermatid menjadi spermatozoa Spermiogenesis

Figure 26-5: Gametogenesis

Hypothalamus: pulse generatorGonadotropin releasing H(GnRH)Anterior PituitaryLutenizing H (LH)Follicle stimulating H (FSH)Ovary: progesteroneEstrogen, inhibinTestis: testosterone

GnRH LH Leydig cells testosterone sex charact.GnRH FSH Sertoli cells spermatoctye maturationInhibin feedback FSH, testosterone short & long loops

OvaryFallopian tube FimbriaeUterus Cervix EndometriumVaginaClitorisLabia

Figure 26-12d: ANATOMY SUMMARY: Female Reproduction

Follicular phaseEgg maturesOvulationEgg releasedLuteal phaseCorpus luteumEndometrium Prep for blastocystNo PregnancyMensesFigure 26-13: The menstrual cycle

Figure 26-14a,b: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle

Dasar Biologi Sel 1 - KBK 2006*Oosit primer melakukan meiosis I dan terhenti pada Profase I fase diploten dan akan dilanjutkan pada saat pubertasPada saat ovulasi, oosit II dalam fase metatase II dan baru dilanjutkan bila terjadi fertilisasi

Dasar Biologi Sel 1 - KBK 2006*

Figure 26-14c, d: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle

Figure 26-15: The erection reflex

Increase production of sex hormonesMaturation of reproductive organs & gamete production20 sexual characteristicsMales: pubic hair, beard, deep voice, "wedge" body form & muscle massFemales: menarche, pubic hair, breasts & "pear shape" body form

Menopause: Female "Change-of Life" Ovaries responding to GnRH Levels of estrogen & progesterone producedCease egg development"Hot flashes" , osteoporosis risk(hormone replacement debate)"Andropause" (?): Male changes are gradual Sex hormones: muscle mass, libido, erections