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Capacity Strengthening in the SeedSector Development
Zewdie Bishaw, Seed SectionICARDA, Aleppo, Syria
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Modern varieties and associatedtechnologies are defined outputs ofagricultural research--result ofinvestments
Seed remains a delivery mechanism foragricultural innovations--varieties and
technologies
Seed is a unique input-reproduced andsaved by farmers unlike other inputs
Seed system is not purely seedproductionper se--system withinresearch-seed supply-use continuum
Why Seeds?
Biotechnology
PlantBreeding Agronomy
SeedTechnology(Varieties and
Seeds)
Farmers
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Vision: Create competitive seed industries operating across open-borders for easy movement of varieties and seeds
Goals: Strengthening national seed systems to ensure access to
new crop varieties and seeds by farming communities
Approach: An integrated seed sector development frameworkwithin production systems context
ICARDAs Approach in Seed Sector Development
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Formal Seed System: Large-scale(?),commercially organized and linearlystructured seed production and supply by
public or private sector with policy andregulatory support
Informal Seed System:Small-scale, farmermanaged traditional systems developed over
time in response to farmers demand forseed including own saved, local exchange,etc
Seed System: The sum of physical, organizational and institutionalcomponents, their actions and interactions, that determine seed supplyand use, in quantitative and qualitative terms; and include both formal
and informal sectors
What is the Seed System?
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What is the share of formal wheat seed sector?
Source: FAO STAT 2011 and Seed Unit
Area in ha Potential seeddemand (t)
Wheat seedsupplied (t)
Formalsector (%)
Algeria (06-09) 1,614,712 220,761 75,060 34Egypt (09) 1,311,262 183,577 40,335 22
Ethiopia (06-09) 1,520,700 228,105 15,486 7
Iran (06-10) 6470980 1148671 359060 31
India (04-08) 27098860 2709886 556300 21
Morocco (06-07) 3,106,700 466,005 83,300 18
Pakistan (06-10) 8,750,700 1,093,838 247,621 23
Tajikistan (06-09) 320,140 64,028 28,698 45
Turkey (06-09) 8,194,425 1,638,885 202,149 12
Yemen (06-09) 123209 17249 1027 6
Total 31,000,948 5,007,313 1,015,976 20
Formal sector on average provide close to 20% of wheatseed, but varies between regions and within countries
Amount of seed distributed (%) by formal sector (2006-10)
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Capacity strengthening to make available relevant expertiseto lead and manage national seed programs
Producing breeder seed as service to NARS to ensureavailability of early generation seed of new varieties
Promoting alternative seed delivery systems for resourcepoor farmers and less favourable areas
Stimulating diversification of seed sector (public, private)through regulatory reforms and policy influence
Conducting research on seed technology and delivery systemto identify constraints and seek possible solutions
Assisting in emergency seed relief in the aftermath ofdisasters to source adapted germplasm or varieties
ICARDAs Approach in Seed Sector Developmentcont
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Board
DirectorGeneral
Technical managers
Technical workers
Non-technical workers
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6 Non-technical workers
Technical workers
Technical managers
Directors
Officials
Leaders
Seed Enterprise National Seed System
WORKSHOPS(policy/managerial)
TRAINING(technical/practical)
Appraches in Capacity Strengthening of Human Resources
Degree training(graduate/postgraduate
h h f H R
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Strengthening Capacity of HumanResources
A. Short-termHeadquarterNon-headquarter
B. Long-termIndividual non-degreeIndividual degree
C. Seminars and workshops
D. Study tours
E. Consultancy services
Approaches in Capacity Strengthening of Human Resourcescont
TRAIN-THE-TRAINER APPROACH
IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS(SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS)
METODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT(MANUALS, FIELD GUIDES)
TRANSFER OF METHODOLOGY(TRAIN SMSs)
ADOPTION OF METHODOLOGY
(TRAIN TEHNICAL WORKERS)
C f C i h i f H R
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Variety Identification and Maintenance29 April- 10 May 2012
ProblemManaging variety release system and availability of early generation seedremains key constraints
ObjectiveTechnical knowhow on variety identification, maintenance, quality seed
production and commercialization
Course structureTheoretical and practical knowledge
RequirementsVariety trial and maintenance plots
DurationTwo weeks: 40 hrs each on variety identification and maintenance
Courses for Capacity Strengthening of Human Resources
C f C it St th i f H R t
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Seed Science and TechnologyOctober 2012
ProblemUnderstanding key components of seed production, processing, marketing andquality assurance for an effective seed sector
ObjectiveTechnical knowhow on seed production, seed processing, seed quality assurance
and management for effective national seed system
Course structureTheoretical and practical knowledge
RequirementsSeed production fields, seed processing plant, seed quality laboratory
DurationTwo weeks: 40 hrs/week
Courses for Capacity Strengthening of Human Resourcescont
C i S d S i d T h l t
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Courses in Seed Science and Techologycont
Course title Duration Remarks
General Seed Technology 2 weeks G
Variety Identification andMaintenance
2 weeks S
Seed Production Technology 2 weeks S
Seed Processing and Storage 2 weeks S
Seed Marketing and EnterpriseManagement
2 weeks S
Seed Quality Assurance 2 weeks S
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THANK YOU
Seed Securityfor
Food Security