Kosi Disaster & Rehabilitation policy Englishodmmadhubani.bih.nic.in/manual/Kosi-Rehabilitation-Policy.pdf · (g) Providing helpline to support the people affected by the natural

Government of Bihar

Department of Planning and Development.

Resolution

Subject: Kosi Calamity: Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Policy

1. Kosi is a tributary of river Ganga which flows from Nepal to Bihar, its catchment area

is approximately 69,300 square k.m. in Nepal. It traverses from the west of the Kanchanjanga

Hills of Nepal to Bhimnagar and enters the plains of Bihar. It is a perennial river which had

discharged 9.13 cusec water in the year 1968. The flow of river contains heavy siltation,

resulting in changing the course, during previous centuries, in between Purnia district in the

east and Darbhanga and Mandubani districts in the west. Owing to this, it becomes the cause

of devastation in the whole of the north Bihar. Ultimately in 1955 a decision was taken to

construct a barrage over it to regulate Kosi, which was completed in 1963. Due to the flow of

silt very year in the river Kosi, the bed level of the river has become higher than the level of

land outside the embankment.

2. This year on 18th August, 2008 a breach occurred in the embankment at 12th km.

from Kosi barrage. Widening the breach, the river started flowing in a new course. At that

time, the discharge of water was 1.66 lakh cusec in the new course as against only 25,744

cusec in the usual course. In this new course, the breadth of the river was 15 to 20 km and

length was 150 km from north to south. The damage started occurring in approximately 3,000

sq km area due to this new course of the river. Houses, schools, roads, hospitals all were

damaged due to the flow of the river. The total population of 33,45,545 living in 993 villages

of 412 panchayats of 35 blocks of 5 districts was affected. A total of 3,40,742 houses were

damaged and 7,12,140 animals were affected. A total of 239 humans and 1,232 animals lives

were lost.

3. The rescue and relief work was immediately started by the State government. The

action was taken in a planned manner for the establishment of relief camps, carrying relief

materials to remote areas by helicopter, making the boats available in large numbers,

providing the health facilities in the affected areas and in the camps, etc. Various Non-

Governmental Organisations have praised the Government for executing the relief works on

such a large scale.

4. Although helping hands were extended by the Central Government, the private sector

and the NGOs to the State Government and the relief camps are still running, even through,

when people return to home after this calamity, then the State government will have to help

the affected population for the long term rehabilitation. The people of that area, who

exhibited their courage, resilience and the capability to face the difficult situation, will have

to be assisted in their pursuit of starting a better life.

5. A sudden responsibility has fallen on the State government owning to this calamity

and showing proper sensitivity, the State Government has also prepared a plan as per the

requirements of the rehabilitation. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction plan has to be

implemented with the contributions from own resources, assistance of the Central

government and that of the private sector and NGOs and of course with the people's

participation. Starting a new life, out of this catastrophe will instil a good feeling amongst the

people.

6. Purpose- Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project is a comprehensive multi

sectoral Project, whose main purpose is to reconstruct the houses, to provide community

facilities, complete restoration of infrastructure, livelihood support based on the policy of

sustained economy and environment, etc. for the people affected by the calamity.

The main objective of this project shall be

(a) Treating it not merely as a calamity but an opportunity to be utilised in building a

strong social and economic environment.

(b) To undertake social and economic activities for rehabilitation and reconstruction of

public/private assets of the affected areas.

(c) Building, retro fitting, repairing and reconstruction of houses for the people and

public buildings affected by natural calamities through appropriate technology in accordance

with polices of the State government.

(d) Reviving the local economy by providing assistance for agriculture, fisheries, dairy,

industries, small business and handicrafts and restores livelihoods of the people.

(e) Re-building and upgrading the community and social infrastructure, improve

education and health system and empowerment of women and weaker sections of the

population.

(f) Formulation of quality standards and guidelines for infrastructures in affected areas.

(g) Providing helpline to support the people affected by the natural calamity on long term

basis and provides psychological counselling.

(h) Restoring lifeline infrastructure, road network and utility infrastructure like power,

water supply in the affected area.

(i) Supporting gender empowerment through involvement of women in programme

implementation.

(j) Supporting the integrated nutrition and education for children.

(k) Reducing vulnerability through long term mitigation programme.

(l) Developing programmes involving people & representatives of institutions reflecting

the aspiration of the community and also encourages participation of private sector, NGOs &

other institutions.

7. Guiding principles- The main objective of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

Project, going beyond the priorities of immediate reconstruction, is more centred on the

economic and social aspects such as social development and empowerment. Following

principles shall be kept in view during implementation:

• Affected people and concerned institutions like Panchayati Raj Institutions and urban

local bodies will be included in this new process, and outline of schemes will be prepared

according to their needs and priorities.

• Implementation system based on co-operation and participation shall be made

responsible to strengthen the women groups, non-governmental agencies and Panchayati Raj

Institution. Along with this, the poor section shall be benefited from fairness and

empowerment.

• Making the beneficiaries aware of the new earthquake resistant technology and new

means and process of construction, facilities for construction shall be provided to them as per

their requirements.

• Private Institutions, NGOs and expert Institutions shall be encouraged to participate in

the implementation of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction programme.

• For transparency and responsibility in implementation, a process shall be

institutionalised.

8. There shall be following components of the Project Programme

(a) Housing

(b) Removal of debris and salvage

(c) Construction of temporary shelter

(d) Construction of permanent houses

(e) Repair and reconstruction of public buildings and staff quarters

(f) Generation of livelihood programmes

(g) Infrastructure – physical as well as social

(h) Social and community development

(i) Reconstruction of hospitals/PHCs and Health Sub Centres

(j) Re-construction of Anganwadi centres and ICDS godowns

(k) Reconstruction and repair of Primary and Secondary schools

(l) Repair and reconstruction of Institutions of Higher and Technical Education

(m) Reconstruction of public and private monuments and heritage centres

(n) Panchayat Bhawan, high rise Shelters

9. The following points shall be ensured while implementing.

(a) Quality norms

(b) Involvement of urban local bodies and pahchayati raj institutions

(c) Women's Empowerment.

(d) Social Participation and Provision for social audit.

(e) Hazard-resistant technology

(f) Institutional arrangement for monitoring the progress of implementation.

9. Social Participation

(i) Social participation is the process of strengthening in the Rehabilitation

Programme through which society shall have the opportunity of Rehabilitation and

Reconstruction as per its own wishes and priority. From the view points of fairness and

responsibility, with the social participation, the social and economic benefit of the

programmes shall be available to the weaker sections according to their entitlements.

Implementing agencies could also be made more responsible for improvement in quality of

execution through social participation.

(ii) Adopting the process of implementation of the programmes with social

consultation, the suggestions of all the sections of society would be available for the

programme of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction and the beneficiaries shall have the feeling

of ownership and satisfaction. Therefore, institutional arrangement is needed for social

participation.

(iii) Objective

(a) To ensure the participation of all the sections of society and all the implementing

agencies in the process of preparation of plan, formulation of policy and implementation of

programmes.

(b) In the preparation of the draft for the rehabilitation plan at village level, total

opportunity should be available to all the members of society for the participation in the

process of consultation and the project should of housing and economic and social

rehabilitation reflect their priority.

(c) Rehabilitation Plan should be according to the needs and entitlements of the people,

local conditions and life style.

(d) There is the need for interaction of all groups of people with government and non-

governmental institutions so that; we get the benefit of people's knowledge and expert

opinion.

(e) In the whole project area, the level and quality of social participation should be the

same and of the high order.

10. Participation of Private Sector and Non-governmental Sector

(i) Since the economic development process has been adversely affected due to

calamity, it becomes the responsibility of private and non-governmental sectors that, along

with the government effort, they should take part in reconstruction and rehabilitation

programme. In democratic society, each of three stakeholders - government, market and the

civil society have their own strengths and limitations. There is a scant possibility of success,

if these three organisations operate independently. On the other hand if they act in tandem,

not only the possibility of success will increase, but they shall prove to be more affective.

(ii) Objective

The private sector may supplement the government in its effort in the following

ways:-

(1) To assist in construction of social and economic infrastructure for successfully

tackling the calamity in future.

(2) Implementation of Projects for ensuring effective response in calamity by dovetailing

the development process with disaster management.

(iii) Programme Area

1. To reduce and eradicate the hazards

2. To be prepared to tackle calamity.

3. Immediate response for rescue and relief

(iv) Reconstruction Programme

1. Training and capacity building

2. Research and documentation

3. Implementation of show-piece projects

4. Support campaign for policies

5. Assistance in design and construction to lessen or eradicate the impact of calamity.

6. Assistance in building code and Standard code

7. Land utilization plan

8. Hazard Control

(v) Shortcomings in training and capacity building

(a) Assistance may be extended to all institutions on the basis of their core

competency in the private sector for the following:-

1. Personnel 2. Materials 3. Technology 4. Management 5. Finance

(b) For this, the opportunity shall be given to establish the coordination at district

level and for policy matter interaction networking with State government. Preparation of

project and its implementation by private institutions may be done independently or in

combination.

(c) The beneficiaries may be assisted to have technical assistance or technical

information to prepare in a better manner to face the disaster. The private sector and NGOs

may make substantial contribution for the preparation of research and documentation,

arrangement of think tank, comprehensive action plan, etc., to lessen the effect of calamity.

(d) Reconstruction of public assets shall be done by the government itself, but the

private sector and NGOs may give their assistance in the construction of new community

assets like- community hall, high rise evacuation centres, panchayat bhawans, establishment

of internal communication and other common facilities at village level. If any private sector

institution or NGOs wants to undertake all infrastructures, construction of residential houses

etc., on the basis of floods and designs resistant to earthquake for the whole village or

habitation, they may be allotted the land by the district administration. For this purpose, the

list of beneficiaries shall be made available by the district administration. The inspection and

monitoring of the execution by the private sector and the NGOs may be done by the

monitoring committee constituted at the district level.

11. Financing-The total of 14,808.59 crore rupees has been estimated for Kosi

rehabilitation and reconstruction project. Other than calamity relief fund, the components of

this project may be executed under various central sector schemes and state plan. The action

may be taken to arrange the multilateral funding for the balance. In addition some

components of the programmes may be executed with the assistance of private sector and

NGOs.

12. Implementation strategy-Implementation strategy shall be formulated by the

government as per the above mentioned guiding principles. Safety measures of earthquake

and keeping in view the need for immediate reconstruction, social participation may also be

included in this strategy. The following are the main components of this project.

1. Assessment of damage –A comprehensive assessment of damage to buildings, public

assets and infrastructure due to Kosi calamity shall be done by the government. On the basis

of this, the assessment of the need of the rehabilitation and the adoption of engineering and

construction strategy shall be finalised. At the village level rehabilitation and reconstruction

plan shall be prepared after the assessment by separate teams. In this process, apart from

government servants, NGOs shall also be included.

2. Public Private Partnership– Keeping in view the challenges of quick reconstruction,

the government considers the necessity of engaging the important institutions of civil society

in the preparation and implementation of reconstruction plan on the basis of trust, reciprocity

and mutuality. For this purpose, necessary guidelines shall be issued.

3. Reconstruction of private houses-The policy of build better shall be adopted

keeping in view the characteristics of the Kosi area. Reconstruction of private houses shall be

beneficiary driven. Land shall be acquired to settle the families of SC and ST having no

homestead land. The size of the programmes for social and mental development shall depend

on the status of local knowledge and capacity. The arrangements shall also be made for skill

development.

4. Technique of social participation system- Government considers the need of the

participation of society for reconstruction in rural and urban areas with both in formal and

informal manner. For this, necessary encouragement shall be given according to defined

structure and execution shall be ensured with responsibility and honesty.

5. Propagation of rehabilitation and reconstruction programme-Wide publicity shall

be arranged by the government about the entitlements and various types of assistance. The

co-operation of the society is especially important for adoption of the technique of fire

fighting and for active participation in rehabilitation plan. Therefore, elected members at

different levels, media, and academia shall be engaged in all the programmes of publicity by

the government.

6. Social development and women empowerment-The social and community

development in rehabilitation and reconstruction programme is considered very important by

the government. For this the empowerment and participation of women are absolutely

essential.

7. Assistance for House Construction- The government shall prepare a comprehensive

programme for all sections of people affected by Kosi calamity for reconstruction of houses

according to newly developed earthquake resistant technique and calamity resistant design

and shall announce the relief package/packages.

8. Material Bank- Since more than three lakh private houses, public assets and other

infrastructure are to be reconstructed, there shall be requirement of massive quantity of

cement, iron, bricks and other construction materials. The government shall ensure that at

Panchayat level, these materials are available and a situation of exploitation and profiteering

at local level does not arise. To make available the skilled labours in large number, they have

to be identified and trained for their skill development.

9. The protection of women’s right – The registration of houses constructed with the

help of government, shall be ensured in the joint name of husband and wife. In the case of

widows the facility concerning house shall be given directly to them, and not to the other male

members of the family.

10. Urban area rehabilitation- In urban areas, the reconstruction shall be planned along

with the community facilities, keeping in view the protection of the interests of the

beneficiaries and the principle “build better’. The assistance of the local bodies shall be taken

in the matter of site selection, inspection, monitoring, etc. for the execution of the schemes. In

the case of private houses the system adopted in rural areas i.e. beneficiaries-driven

construction, shall be followed. In the same manner, the arrangement shall be made for

framing guidelines and technical supervision etc. for ensuring quality of materials.

11. Calamity-resistant construction technique- It has been decided by the government

that all the private and public houses shall be reconstructed on the basis of earthquake-

resistant design and from the point of view to fight the floods situation in a better manner, in

the future. For this, institutional arrangements shall be done for promoting the use of

calamity-resistant techniques, necessary technical training, retrofitting, publicity of new

construction techniques and the arrangement of material. Inspections necessary for ensuring

quality of construction shall be arranged from time to time.

12. Measures for revival of livelihood

i) The main purpose of rehabilitation programme is revival of the livelihood of the

people affected by the calamity. Various kinds of economic programmes shall be launched by

the State government, so that masons, entrepreneurs and self employed people get the

maximum benefit. The maximum support shall be given for the revitalization of Dairy,

Handicraft, Handloom and Small Industries. For this purpose, provision for working capital

and the arrangement of other facilities and loan from the financial institutions shall be made.

ii) To re-start livelihood, finance shall be obtained from the government of India and

multilateral funding agencies. The active co-operation of commercial banks is also vital for

the execution of the plan. The training for skill development of masons and self help groups

shall be arranged. The self help groups shall be organised and they shall be engaged in the

work of house construction; they will also be covered under Swarn Jyanti Gram Swa Rojgar

Yojna for the benefit of developing livelihood.

iii) Short term Assistance- Arrangement s will be made through financial institutions for

the consumption loan, conversion of the existing loans of those affected by the calamity and

assistance to weavers and artisans for the materials and the work shed.

iv) Long term Plan- A comprehensive plan shall be prepared for the formation of co-

operative societies and self help groups in dairy sector, construction of chilling centres, and

arrangement of dairy processing, establishment of handloom and Handicraft Park for weavers

and artisans and the arrangement of marketing.

13. Revitalization programmes in agriculture sector- In Kosi calamity affected areas,

the activities of silt removal, input subsidy; arrangement of shielding etc shall immediately be

carried out. For the agricultural development of the Kosi area, national level institutions such

as ICAR shall be encouraged for study and preparation of development plan as a long term

strategy. At the regional level agriculture collage situated at Saharsa shall be strengthened.

Keeping in the view the potential of fisheries in this area, a special plan shall be prepared for

its development. The co-operative institutions attached with agriculture sector shall be

strengthened.

14. Infrastructure- In calamity affected areas roads and bridges shall be repaired for

immediate traffic. Construction of new roads, renovation and repair of irrigation canals shall

be done following calamity-resistant techniques as per the plan of strengthening and

revitalising. In rural areas repair and strengthening of approximately 2000 km roads and

constructions of bridges shall be carried out afresh in coming 2-3 years. The plans for

capacity building and upgradation of the departments shall be made for better and rapid

execution and monitoring, by the technical departments in this area. BRRDA shall be

strengthened so that the works of rural road construction go unhindered.

15. Energy- All sub-stations and public assets pertaining to energy sector shall be

repaired and renovated by the government. As an intermediate measures all equipments,

transmission lines and transformers shall be replaced, so that the system gets corrected and

works successfully. All these works shall be completed in 3-4 years.

16. Public Buildings- All the offices and public buildings viz, schools and hospitals shall

be repaired and retrofitting shall be done as per the needs, by the Government. The

construction of panchayat bhawan, high rise shelters, cattle shelters etc., shall be carried out

with the help of state plan/central plan/multilateral funding /private sector, in which calamity-

resistant techniques shall be adopted.

17. Water Supply- The renovation work plan of water supply system in rural areas shall

be taken up immediately so that people of that area could get healthy and pure water supply.

As an intermediate measure, the water supply shall be arranged in urban areas and damaged

public assets (like tube wells, motor pumps, etc.), shall be repaired. Water storage

arrangement at rural level, arrangement of water supply network, establishment of pipe line

system in urban and rural areas at a large scale, the arrangement of pumping and captive

pumps water system shall be made in coming 2-3 years.

18. Social and Community Development-For reconstruction of services and social and

community capital, the programmes of health, education and women development shall be

executed in Kosi calamity affected area. The focus of all these programmes shall be on

women and their empowerment and renovation of livelihood would be made more effective.

19. Health-The infrastructure services concerning health shall again be restarted. There

would be the need of running continuous health services for most of the people affected by

the calamity. Therefore, there would be the need for strengthening it. The arrangement for

health and sanitation, management of education, community training etc., shall be done for

the short span of time so that epidemic does not breakout. Better facilities shall be brought

about in primary health centers, sub divisional and district hospitals so that the arrangement

could be made according to the increasing number of the patients. It shall include the

arrangement of intensive care unit at district hospitals, intensive care unit for new born,

Nutritional rehabilitation centre and to provide the pathological and radiological tests

facilities up to primary health centres, etc. Under the pulse polio and routine immunisation

programme special round shall be conducted in flood affected areas. Along with this the de-

worming shall also be carried out. Anganwadi centers shall further be strengthened and

immunisation of pregnant mothers and new born babies and the arrangement of health

training shall also be strengthened.

20. Education-The programme shall be started in calamity affected areas for making the

educational intuitions functional again. Priority shall be given to repair and reconstruction of

schools. The buildings of technical intuitions like I.T.I, Polytechnic, etc. shall be repaired and

strengthened so that the programme of capacity development can also be executed from these

centres.

21. Participation of Panchayti Raj Institutions-The cooperation of panchayti raj

institutions in rehabilitation and reconstruction of damaged infrastructures in Kosi calamity

areas shall be solicited. .

22. Women's empowerment-The main plank of rehabilitation plan shall be the

empowerment of women through the activities of income generation, education and training.

For handloom and other economic activities, special training for women shall be organised

and supported by government. The plan on the formation of self helps groups and through

them the organisation of thrift and credit etc. shall be implemented. The programme of social

services and reconstruction of centres through anganbadi workers, social workers and also

through the NGOs, Mahila Samakhya, women development corporation and others reputed

non governmental organisations shall be implemented.

23. Institutional Arrangement for execution of projects

(a) Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction High Level Committee

(i) The working plan prepared for the reconstruction and other policy decisions shall

be approved by the Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction High Level Committee

constituted under the chairmanship of Chief Minister, in which following shall be the

members, apart from the Deputy Chief Minister-cum-Finance Minister:-

Minister, Rural Development Department.

Minister, Agriculture Department.

Minister, Animal & Fish Resources Department.

Minister, PHED.

Minister, Urban Development Department.

Minister, Panchayti raj Department.

Minister, Industries Department.

Minister, Health Department.

Minister, Education Department.

Minister, Social Welfare Department.

Minister, SC & ST Welfare Department.

Minister, Backward and Most Backward classes' welfare Department.

Minister, Minority Welfare Department.

Minister, Road Construction Department.

Minister, Rural Works Department.

Minister, Planning & Development Department.

Minister, Disaster Management Department.

Minister, Water Resources Department

Chief Secretary, Bihar

Development Commissioner, Bihar

Principal Secretary, Finance Department

Principal Secretary, Disaster Management Department

(ii) Two experts, reputed in the field of technique, earthquake and construction

(iii) Members of Disaster Management Authority.

(iv) Principal Secretary/ Secretary of the departments concerned shall be invited

members. Principal Secretary/ Secretary, Department of Planning & Development shall be

the member-secretary of this Committee.

On the issue of policy decision and inter-departmental coordination, the directions for

necessary plan modification on the basis of review and guidelines may be given by the above

referred committee.

(b) Plan Formulation and Resources-The Plan shall be formulated by the Department

of Planning and Development under the guidance of Development Commissioner.

Department shall assess the availability of funds from different sources for Rehabilitation and

Reconstruction Plan in a Financial Year and against the available resources formulate the

plans for various sectors and obtain the approval of high level committee on that.

(c) Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan Empowered Committee-All the

schemes under the plans for Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction shall require the

approval by the newly constituted empowered committee. Principal Secretary, Department of

Finance/ Additional Finance Commissioner, Principal Secretary/ Secretary, Department of

Disaster Management and Principal Secretary/Secretary, Department of Planning &

Development and Principal Secretary/ Secretary of the department concerned shall be the

members of the above committee. The experts could be invited to help the committee

constituted under the Chairmanship of Development Commissioner.

After the recommendation of empowered committee the sanction order shall be issued

by the department as per the existing procedure and delegated power. For the approval of the

schemes related to Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, the delegation of power to the

department shall be considered modified to that extent.

The schemes under the approved programmes can be executed by the department

from its own budget provision or Chief Minister Relief Fund or the funds obtained from

Bihar Foundation. From the Funds for special schemes obtained from either Chief Minister

Relief Fund or Bihar Foundation concerned, departments, as executing agencies, would be

able to execute the schemes. The execution of schemes shall be carried out through the

existing arrangement of the department concerned.

Monthly monitoring of the schemes shall be done by the empowered committee

constituted and referred above.

(d) Under the Chairmanship of Minister in charge, the district monitoring committee

shall be constituted at district level in which local MPs, MLAs, MLCs, representatives of the

recognised political parties, Zila Prishad Chairman, Chairman of the district level local urban

body and district level officers of executing departments and Deputy Development

Commissioner shall be the members. District Magistrate shall be the convenor of this

committee.

By the order of Governor

(Rameshwar Singh)

Principal Secretary

Memo No: Yo5/misce.-08/08 3720-/PD,Patna, Dated 19.11.08

Copy to: Secretary to Chief Minister and Personal Secretary to Minister, Rural

Development / Public Health Engineering / Urban Development / Panchayati Raj / Industry /

Health / Education/Social Welfare / Backward and Most Backward Welfare / Road

Construction / Rural Works / Planning and Development / Disaster Management /

Agriculture / Animal and Fisheries Resources / SC and ST Welfare / Minority Welfare for

information and necessary action.

Principal Secretary

Memo No: Yo5/misce.-08/08 3720-/PD,Patna, Dated 19.11.08

Copy to: Chief Secretary, Bihar, Patna / Development Commissioner, Bihar, Patna /

Principal Secretary/Secretary of all Departments, for information and necessary action.

Principal Secretary

Memo No: Yo5/misce.-08/08- 3720 - /PD,Patna, Dated 19.11.08

Copy to: Divisional Commissioner, Kosi / Purnia / District Magistrate, Madhepura,

Saharsa, Supaul, Araria, Purnia / Deputy Development Commissioner, Madhepura, Saharsa,

Supoul, Araria, Purnia for information and necessary action. District Magistrates are

requested to make a copy of this resolution available to MP / MLA / MLC / Chairman Zila

Parisad / Nagar Parisad of the District.

Principal Secretary

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dj ku k bR ;kf n dkjZo kbZ ,d ;kst u kc ) r j h ds l s dh x;h A

f o fH kUu xSj & l j dkj h l aL F kku ksa } kj k br us o g r Lr j ds l kg k;~; dk;ksZ

ds f y , lj dkj dh l j kg uk dh x;h A

4& ;| f i dsUn z l j dkj ] f ut h { ks= ds yk sx ksa , oa xSj & l j dkj h

l aL F kku ksa } kj k j kT; lj dkj dh l g k;r k ds f y , g kF k c<+k ;k x;k

vkSj l kg k ;~; f 'kf oj vH kh Hk h py j gs g aS] f Qj Hk h bl vk in k ls

t c y ksx f udy dj viu s ?k j o ki l y kSV asxs] r c j kT ; l j dk j dks

i zHk kf o r vkckn h dk s] n h ? kZdky h u iqu o kZl ds vk/ kkj ij ] l g k;r k

i zn ku dj uh g k sxh A bl vk in k l s l keuk dj us esa m l { k s= ds y ksx k sa

} kj k l kgl ,oa f j fl f y;sal ] df Bu if jfL F kf r ;ksa dk l keuk dj u s dh

3

{ ker k fn [kk;h x;h; mUg sa u;s fl j s l s vi uk t h o u csg rj <+ax l s

i zkj aH k dj us ds f y , l g k;r k izn ku dj uh g ksxh A

5& j k T; l j dkj ij ,d vizR ;kf ' kr m R rjn kf ;R o bl vki n k

l s vk x;k g S vkS j l j dkj us Hk h ] vf r lao sn u'kh y r k n 'k kZr s gq,]

i quo kZl dh vko ';dr k ds vu q:i ; ks t uk rS;kj dj y h g S A vius

l k/ku L= k sr ] dsUn z l j dkj dh l g k;r k , oa f u t h { ks= ,o a xSj

l j dk j h l aL F kkvksa ds ;ksxn k u ls iquo kZl , oa iqu f uZekZ.k ; kst u k dks]

y ksxksa dh l g H kkf xr k l s] dk ;kZf Uo r f d;k t k uk g S A bl eg kf oin k

l s m Bdj , d u;k t h o u i zkj aH k dj u s l s y ksxksa esa l n ~H kko uk L F k kf ir

g k sxh A

6& mmmm íííí s' ;&s' ;&s' ;&s' ;&

dksl h iquo kZl ,oa iqu f uZek Z.k if j ;kst uk , d O;kid cg q&

i z{k s= h ; if j ;kst uk g S] f t l dk mís' ; vkin k ls izH kkf o r y ksxk sa ds

edku dk iquf u ZekZ.k] l k eqn kf ;d l qf o /kk] vk/kk j Hk wr l aj pu kvksa dh iw.kZ

O;o L F kk] vF kZ O;o L F kk ,o a ikf j f LF kfr dh dks dk;e j [ku s dh u h f r ij

vk/k kf j r t hf odk l e F kZu vkfn rS;kj fd;k t kuk] bl if j;kst uk ds

eq[; m ís' ; g ksaxs &

¼d ½ bl s ek = f o if Ùk u gh a] cf Yd ,d u , et cwr l kekf t d

, oa vk f F kZd if j os' k cu kus ds vo l j ds :i esa mi;ks x

dj uk

4

¼[k½ i zHk kf o r { ks= ksa dh l ko Zt fu d@f ut h if j l Eifr ;ksa dk

i quf uZekZ.k r F kk iqu okZl ds f y , vk fF kZd r F kk l kek f t d

f dz;kdy ki dj uk(

¼x½ j k T; l j dkj dh u h f r ;ksa ds vu ql kj mi ;qDr izko Sf /k dh

ds ek /;e l s i zkdf r d vk in k l s i zHkk f or y ksxksa ds ? kj ksa

r F kk l koZt f u d Hko uk sa dh ej Eer h r F kk iqu f uZekZ.k

dj uk f tl esa H ko u fuek Z.k r F kk jsV ªks f Qf Vax 'k kf ey gS A

¼? k½ df "k] eR L; iky u ] M s;j h m|k sx] y ? kq m |ksx r F kk

g Lr dj ? kk esa l g k;rk n sdj L F kk uh ; vF kZ& O;oL F kk dk s

i qut h Zf or dj u k rF k k y ksxksa dh vk t h f o dk dks iqu %

cg k y dj uk A

¼M 0½ l keqn kf ;d r F kk l kekf t d vk/ kkj H kwr laj p uk dk m Uu ;u

r F kk iqu f uZekZ.k] Lo kL F ; r F kk f 'k{k k ra= esa l q/k kj rF kk

l ekt ds det ksj oxZ r F kk ef g yk vksa dk

l 'kD rh dj .k]

¼p½ i zHk kf o r { ks= esa vk/k kj H kwr l aj puk ds f y , xq.ko Ùkk iw.kZ

eku naM , oa ekxZn 'kZu f u/k kZf jr dj uk(

¼N ½ i zkdf r d vkin k ls izH kk f or y ksxksa ds l g k ;r kF kZ

n h ? kZdk yh u vk/kkj i j g sYiy kbZu eqg S;k dj uk r F kk

eu kso SK kf u d l yk g nsu k A

5

¼t ½ i zHk kf o r { ks= ksa esa t h o un k;h vk/k kj H kwr l aj pu k] l M +d

u sVo dZ r F k k t y ki wf rZ] mt kZ t Sl h mi;ksxh vk /kkj H kwr

l aj pu k dk i quL F kkZi u A

¼> ½ ef g y k vksa dks dk;Z dze dk ;kZUo ;u esa ' kkf ey dj mu ds

l 'kD rh dj .k dk le F kZu dj u k A

¼´ ½ cPpk sa ds f y , , dh dr iks"k .k r F k k f 'k{ kk dh O;o L F kk

dj uk A

¼V ½ n h ? kZdk yh u m i'keu dk ;Z dzeksa } kj k H kYujsf cf y V h dks de

dj uk A

¼B½ y ksxksa r F k k oSl h l aL F kkvksa ds izf r f uf /k ;ksa] f t uesa y ksxksa dh

vkdka{ kk, Wa i zf r f cf Ecr g k sa] dks 'k kf ey dj r s g q,

dk;Z dzek sa dks f o df lr dj uk r F kk LoSf PN d l aL F kkvksa]

f u t h { ks= r F kk vU; l aL F kkvksa dh Hk kxh n kj h dks

i zksR l kf g r dj u k A

7& e kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kare kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kare kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kare kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kar &

i quo kZl ,o a iqu f uZek Z.k if j ;k st uk dk eq[; m ís' ;] r qj ar

i quf uZekZ.k dh i zkF kf edr kvksa l s H kh c<+dj vkf F k Zd ,o a l kekf t d

f cUnqvksa t Sl s& l kekf t d f o dk l , oa l 'k fDr dj .k i j H kh dsf Un zr

g k sA dk;kZ Uo;u esa f uEuf y f [kr f l ) kar ksa dks /;ku esa j [k k t k;xk %

6

• u;h izf dz;k esa] iz H kkf o r y ksxk saa ,o a l acaf /kr laL F kk vksa t Sl s

iapk ;r h j k t l aL F kk, Wa] r F k k u xj f udk;ksa dks l f Eef y r f d;k

t k;xk v kSj m udh izkF k f edr k vksa , oa v ko ';dr kvksa ds vk / kkj

ij ;kst u kvksa dh : i& js[kk r S;kj dh t k;xh A

• l k> sn kj h ,oa l g H kkf xr k ij vk /kkf j r dk;kZUo;u i )f r ls

ef g y k l ewg ksa] xSj l j dkj h l aLF kkvksa r F kk iapk;r h j kt l aL F k kuksa

ds l qn <+h dj .k ds l kF k& l kF k fu"i{ k r k ,o a l 'kDr h dj.k ds

vk /kkj ij xj h c r cds ds y ksxksa dks Hk h if j ;kst u k ls

y kH kkf Uor dj k;k t k l ds A

• u;h Hkwd Eij ks/k h r d uh dh ] u ;s f uekZ.k l k/k uksaa ,o a izf dz ;kv ksa l s

y kH kkf Uor ksa dks vo xr dj kr s gq, mu ds vko ';dr kuql kj f uekZ.k

dj u s dh lqf o /kk izn k u dh t k l dsA

• iqu f uZekZ.k ,o a iqu o kZl dk;Zdze dks f ut h { ks= ksa dh laL F kk vk sa] xSj

l j dkj h laL F kk vksa ,o a f o 'ks"k K l aL F kkvksa dks dk;Z dze ds

dk ;kZ Uo ;u esa H kkxn kj h ds f y , izksR l kg u fn ;k t k;sxk A

• dk ;kZ Uo ;u esa ik j n f' kZr k ,o a mR r jn kf ;Ro g k s] bl gsr q l aL F kkxr

laj p uk esa izf Ø;k f u/kk Zf jr dh t k l dsxh A

8& i f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksaxi f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksaxi f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksaxi f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksax ss ss &

¼d ½ vko kl f u ekZ.k

7

¼[k½ vo f 'k"V dks g Vku k r F kk m ckj uk

¼x½ vL F kkbZ ' kj .kL F ky h dk f u ek Z.k

¼? k½ L F k kbZ ?k j ksa dk f u ekZ.k

¼M -½ LV kQ Do kV Zj r F kk l keqn kf ;d Hk ou ksa dh ej Eer h r F kk

i quf uZekZ.k

¼p½ vkt h f o dk dk ;Zdzeksa dk l t u

¼N ½ vk/k kj H kwr laj p uk & H kkSf r d rF kk l kekft d

¼t ½ l kekf t d rF kk l keqnkf ;d f o dk l

¼> ½ i zkF kf ed LokL F ; dsU nz@Lok LF ; mi dsUn z@vLir k y dk

i quf uZekZ.k

¼´ ½ vkbZ -l h -M h -,l - xksn ke @vk axu ckM +h ds Un zksa dk i quf u ZekZ.k

¼V ½ i zkF kf ed r F kk ek/ ;fed f o |ky ;ksa dh ej Eer h r F kk

i quf uZekZ.k

¼B½ m Pp rF kk r du h dh l aL F kkvksa dh ej Eer h r F k k iquf uZekZ.k

¼M ½ l koZt f ud r F kk f ut h Lekj dksa r F kk fo j kl r dsUnzk sa dk

i quf uZekZ.k

¼<½ i apk;r H ko u] mP phdr 'kj .kL F ky h

• dk ;ZØ eksa esa f u Eu kaf d r f cUn qvk sa dks l qf uf' pr f d;k t k;xk A

¼d ½ xq.ko R r k eki n .M

8

¼[k½ i apk;r h j kt l aL F kkvksa r F kk ' kg j h L F kku h ; f udk;ksa dh

H kkxh n kj h

¼x½ ef g y k l 'kDr h dj .k

¼? k½ l kekf t d Hk kxhn kj h r F kk l kekf t d vads{ k.k dk i zko /kku

¼M -½ t k sf [ke izf rj ks/kd r du h d

¼p½ f Ø ;kUo ;u dh izxf r ds vu qJo .k ds f y , l kaf L F kd

O;o L F kk A

9& l kekf t dl kekf t dl kekf t dl kekf t d Hkk xh n kj h Hkk xh n kj h Hkk xh n kj h Hkk xh n kj h &&&&

i) l kekf t d H kkxh n kj h ] iqu okZl dk;Zdze e sa

l 'kfD r dj .k dh izf dz;k g S f t l l s l ekt dks viuh bPN k , oa

i zkF kf edr k ds vk/kk j ij iquo kZl ,o a i quf uZek Z.k dj us dk vo l j

f ey sxk A f u "i{ kr k ,o a mR r jn kf ;R o ds n f "V dks.k l s l ekt dh

H kkxh n kj h ls d k;ZØe ksa dk vkf F k Zd , oa l kekf t d y kH k de t ksj o xksZ

dks] m ud s g d ds vuql kj f ey l dsxk A l ekt dh Hkk xh n kj h ls

dk;kZ Uo ;u ,t saf l ;ksa dks H kh dk ;kZUo ;u dh xq.ko R r k esa l q/k kj y kus

ds f y , vf /kd m R rj n k ;h cuk;k t k l dsxk A

ii) l ekt ds i j ke'kZ l s dk;Z Øeksa ds dk ;kZUo ;u dh

i zf Ø;k viuk us l s l ekt ds l H kh oxksaZ dk ij k e'kZ iqu o kZl , oa

i quf uZekZ.k dk;ZØe ksa esa i zkI r g ks l dsxk vk Sj i quf u Zf eZr l Eif Ùk;ksa ds

Lo kf eR o dh H kko uk(ownership feeling), l ar qf "V , oa vPN k

9

vuqH ko ] y k Hkk f Uo r ksa dk s izkI r g ks l dsxk A vr % l kekf t d H kkxh n kjh

ds f y , ,d laL F kkx r O;o LF kk dh vko ' ;dr k g SA

iii) mí s';

¼ d½ l H kh dk;kZUo;u ,t sa f l ;ksa dk s] ;kst u k dh r S;kj h esa]

u h f r ds l w= h dj .k esa] v kSj i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u esa ]

l ekt ds l H kh o xksZa dh H kkxh n kj h izf Ø;k dks l qf uf ' pr

dj uk A

¼ [k½ xzzke Lr j ij iquo kZl ;kst u k dh :ij s[kk dh

r S;k j h esa l ekt ds l Hk h ln L;ksa dks ij k e' kZ izf dz;k esa

H kkx y sus dk iw.kZ vo l j f ey uk pk f g , vkSj mu ds

H ko u ,oa l k ekf td vkf F kZd ,o a l kekf t d iquo kZl

i zLr ko dks m udh i zkF kf edr k ds vu ql kj if j ;kst u k dks

vaf r e :i n suk p kf g , A

¼ x½ L F kku h ; f L F kfr ,o a t h o u i )f r ds vuq:i

r F kk vko ' ;dr k ,o a g d ds vuq : i iqu okZl ;kst uk

g k suh pkf g , A

¼ ?k ½ l H kh l ewg ksa dks l j dkj h , oa xSj & l j dk j h l aL F kkvksa

ds l kF k f o pk j ksa ds vkn k u& izn ku ¼interact½dj us dh

vko ';dr k g S r kf d vPN h izksQ sl uy f uiq.kr k , oa

t k udkj h dk y k Hk m Bku s dk vo l j f ey s A

10

¼ M -½ l ekt dh Hkk xh n kj h ds Lr j , oa xq.ko R r k] iwj s

i f j ;kst u k { ks= esa ,d g h izdk j dh ,o a m Pp Lrj dh

g k suh pkf g ,

10& f u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj hf u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj hf u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj hf u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj h &

i) p w¡f d vkin k ds dk j .k vkf F kZd f o dkl i zf dz;k ij izH kk o

i M +r k gS] vr % f ut h ,o a xSj & l j dkj h laL F kk vksa dk H kh l kewf g d r kSj

i j mR rj n kf ;R o curk g S f d l j dk j h iz;k l ds l k F k os H kh f uekZ.k

, oa iqu o kZl dk ;Z dzeksa esa Hk k x y sa A t u r kaf = d l ekt esa] l j dkj dk

r F kk ek dsZV ,o a f l fo y l ksl k ;Vh dk vy x& vy x et cwr h ,o a l h ek

g k sr h g S A bu r h uk sa } k j k vy x& vyx dk; Zdz eksa dk dk; kZUo ;u g ksus

i j de l Q y r k izkI r g ksus dh l aH kko u k gS y sf du l kFk f ey dj

dk;ZØ e dks l aH kk yu s ls u dso y l Q yr k dh laH kko uk, Wa c <+ t k,Wa xh

cf Yd vf /kd dkj xj Hk h fl ) g ksxk A

ii) m í sm í sm í sm í s ' ;&' ;&' ;&' ;&

f u t h { ks= } kj k f uEu kaf dr mí s';k sa ds f y , l j dk j ds

i z;kl ds l kF k] l g k;r k i zn ku dh t k l dr h gS &

1& H kf o "; esa vkin kvksa dks l Q y r kiwoZd l k euk dj u s ds

f y ,] vkf F kZd ,o a l kekf t d laj pu k fuekZ.k esa] l g ;ksx

i zn ku dj u k A

11

2& vkin k ds f y , izH kko dkj h <ax l s vuqf dz;k (Response)

, oa f o dkl izf dz;k dks vkin k izca/ku esa lf Eef y r dj

i f j ;kst u kvk sa dk dk ;kZUo;u A

iii) d k; ZØd k; ZØd k; ZØd k; ZØ e { k s= &e { k s= &e { k s= &e { k s= &

1& [k r j k de dj us ,o a vkSj nwj dj us

2& vkin k dk l keu k dj u s ds f y , rS;kj j g uk

3& cpk o , oa l kg k;~; ds f y , r qj r vu qf Ø;k (Response)

iv) i quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd zei quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd zei quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd zei quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd ze &

1& i zf 'k{ k.k , oa { ker k f uekZ.k

2& ' kks/k , oa M k D;qesUVs' ku

3& i zn 'kZudkj h ifj ;kst ukvksa dk dk ;kZ Uo ;u

4& u h f r ;ksa ds f y, l eF kZu vf H k;k u

5& vkin k dks de ;k nwj dj us ds f y , fM t k bu ,oa

f u ekZ.k esa l g k ;r k A

6& f cf YMax dksM ,o a LVSaM M Z dksM esa lg k;r k

7& H kwf e m i;ksx ;kst u k

8& [k r j k fu;a= .k (Hazard Control)

v) i zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wai zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wai zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wai zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wa &

l ekt ds l Hkh oxksZ] f l f o y l ksl k;V h l aLF kkvksa , oa

L F k kuh ; f udk;ksa dk s i zf 'k{ k.k fn ykus esa l g k;r k izn ku dh t k l dr h

12

g S A bl g sr q { kf r ds vk dy u] iqu f uZekZ.k dh ;kst uk dh r S;kj h

r F kk r duh dh ,o a usV o f dZax ds f y , l g k ;r k izn ku dh t k l dr h

g SA

vi) v uqf dz; k v uqf dz; k v uqf dz; k v uqf dz; k (Response) ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k &

¼d ½ f u t h {ks= esa izR ;s d l aL F kk dks m udh dksj (core) { ker k ds vk /kkj ij f u Eu kaf dr ksa ds f y , l g k;r k i zn ku dh t k ldsxh & 1& deh Z 2& l kexzh 3& i zko Sf /kdh

4& i zca/ku ,o a 5& f o Rr

¼[k½ bl gsrq j kT; l j dk j ds l kF k u h fr xr g Lr { ksi ds f y ,

u sVo f dZax f d ;s t kus ,o a f t yk Lr j ij l eUo ; L F k kf ir dj us ds

f y , vol j izn ku f d;k t k;xk A if j ;kst uk dh rS;kj h rF kk

dk;kZ Uo ;u f u t h { ks= dh l aL F kkvks a } kj k vy x& vy x bdkbZ ;k

l kewf g d r kSj ij dh t k l dsxh A

¼x½ vkin k izca/ ku dh r S;kj h g sr q r du h dh lwp uk ;k

r duh dh l g k;r k izn k u dj us esa H kh y kH kkf Uo r ksa dks l g k;r k izn ku

dh t k l dsxh A vkin k de dj u s ds f y , ' kks/k dk i zca /k] Think

tank dh O;o L F kk] f o Lrr , D' ku Iy ku dh r S;kj h bR ;k f n esa H kh

f u t h { ks= ,o a xSj l j dkj h l aLF kkvksa dk ;k sxn ku g ks l dsxk A

¼? k½ y ksd l aif Ù k;ksa dk i quf uZek Z.k l j dkj } kj k Lo ;a f d;k

t k ;xk y sf du u , f ljs l s l kekf t d l Ei f Ùk;ksa ds f u ekZ.k esa f ut h

13

{ ks= ,o a xSj & l j dkj h l aL F kk,Wa ;ksxn ku n s l dsaxh t Sl s& l keqn kf ;d

H ko u] g k bZ j k bt evacuation centres] iapk;r H ko u bR ;kfn ds f uekZ.k]

xzzke Lr j i j vkar f jd vko kxeu ,o a l kewf g d l qf o /kkvksa dh L F kki uk

dh r S;kj h A vxj dksbZ f u t h {k s= dh l aL F kk ;k xSj l jdk j h l aL F kk

i wj s xk¡o ;k habitation l s l acaf / kr l H kh vk /kkj H kwr l aj p uk] vko kl h ;

edku vkf n ck <+ ,o a H kwdai f u j ks/kh f M t kbu ds vk /kkj i j f uekZ.k

dj us ds f y , bPNqd g kas r ks mUgsa l acaf /kr H kwf e dk vko aV u f t yk

i z'kkl u } k j k f d;k t k l dsxk A bl ds f y , y kHk kf F kZ;k sa d h lwph H kh

f t y k iz'kk l u } kj k g h m iy C /k dj kbZ t k,xh A f ut h { ks= , oa

xSj & l j dk j h l aL F kkvksa } kj k f d, t ku s o ky s dk;kZ Uo;u dk f u j h{ k.k

, oa vuqJo .k f t y k Lr j ij xf Br vuqJ o.k l f ef r } kj k f d;k

t k ,xk r kf d f of HkUu L= k sr ksa l s f d, t k j gs dk;ks Za dk M qI yh ds' ku

u g ha g ks A

11& f o R r f o R r f o R r f o R r iks" k .kiks" k .kiks" k .kiks" k .k

dksl h i quo kZl ,oa iqu f uZekZ.k ds f y, dqy 14 80 8- 59

dj ksM + :i;s dh vk o ' ;dr k vk¡dh xb Z gS A Calamity relief fund ds

vf r fj D r f of H kUu dsUn zh ; ;kst u kvksa r F kk j kT; ;kst u kvksa ds vUr x Zr

bl ifj ;k st uk ds ?kV dk sa dk s dk ;kZf Uor f d;k t k l dsxk A 'ks" k

vko ';d j kf ' k ds l aca/ k esa Multilateral funding dh O; oL F k k gsr q

dkj Zo kbZ dh t k ;xh A bl ds vf r fj Dr f ut h { ks= ,oa xSj & l j dkj h

14

l aL F kkvksa d s ;ksxn ku ls dk;Z dze ds dqN ? kV dksa dk dk ;kZUo;u g ks

l dsxk A

12& d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r

Å ij f yf [kr ekxZn f 'kZr fl ) kar ksa ds vu q:i l j dkj } kj k

dk;kZ Uo ;u uh f r rS;kj dh t k;xh A iqu f uZek Z.k ds r qj r dk;k Z Uo ;u

dh vk o' ; dr k ds en ~nsut j ] l ekt dh H kkxh n kj h r F kk H kwdEi l s

cpk us ds j { kk m ik; H kh bl j .ku h fr esa l f Eef y r f d, t k;sax sA

bl ds eq[; ? kV d f uEuk af dr g Sa &

¼1½ { kf r dk vk dy u{ kf r dk vk dy u{ kf r dk vk dy u{ kf r dk vk dy u & l j dkj } k j k dksl h vk in k ls

H ko uk sa] y ksd lai f R r;ksa ,o a vk/k kj H kwr l aj puk vksa dh g qbZ { kf r dk

vkdy u f oLr r :i l s dj k;k t k;x k A bl vk/k kj ij iquo kZl

vko ';r k vksa dk vk dy u r F k k bll s lacaf /kr baf tf u;fj ax , oa f uekZ.k

j .k uh fr r S;kj dh t k;xh A i zR ;s d xkWao Lr j dk vk dy u

vy x& vyx Vh e } k j k dj kdj xzk eh .k L r j i j i quo kZl ,o a iqu f uZekZ.k

;kst uk r S;kj dh t k;xh A bu dkj Z o kbZ esa l j dkj h deZp kf j ;ska ds

vy ko s xSj & l j dkj h l aL F kkvksa dk s H kh l fEef y r f d;k t k;xk A

¼2½ i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i & de l e; esa iquf uZekZ.k dh

p qukSr h ds dk j .k fl fo y l ksl kbV h dh eg R o iw.k Z l aL F kkvksa ds l kF k

trust and reciprocity ,o a ikj Li f jdr k ds vk/ kkj ij iquf uZekZ.k

15

;kst uk dh r S;kj h ,o a dk;k ZUo;u dh vko ';dr k l j dkj eg l wl

dj r h gS A bl gsr q vko ';d ek xZn 'k Zu H kh fuxZr f d;k tk;xk A

¼3½ f u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. kf u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. kf u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. kf u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. k & dksl h { ks= dh

f o f' k"Vr k vksa dks /;k u esa j [kdj ^^iwo Z l s csg rj f uekZ.k** dh u hf r

viu k;h t k ;sxh A f ut h edk uksa dk iquf uZekZ.k yk Hk kF kh Z izsf j r

(Beneficiary driven ) f uekZ.k g k sxk A vuql wf pr t kfr ,oa t u t kfr

i f j o kj ksa f t l ds ikl o kl dh Hkwf e ugh gS mUgsa H kw& vt Zu dj o kl

L F k y oan kscLr f d;k t k;sxk A ok Lr f od f uek Z.k i zf dz;k esa l Hkh o xksZ

dks l f Eef y r f d;k t k uk vko ' ;d g ksxk A l kekf t d , oa ekufl d

l eqRF kku ds f y , ] L F kku h ; t ku dkj h ,o a { ker k ds vk/kk j ij

dk;Z dzek sa dk vk dk j g ksxk A dkS' ky m Uu ;u ds f y, Hkh O;o L F kk

dh t k;xh A

¼4½ l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a=l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a=l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a=l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a= & vkSi pkf j d @

vuk Sipkf j d r j h dksa ls xzkeh .k ,o a uxj h ; byk dksa esa] iqu f uZekZ.k

dk;Z dzek sa esaa l ek t dh H kkxh n kj h dh vko ';dr k l j dkj eg l wl

dj r h gS A bl g sr q vko ';d izk sRl kgu f u /kkZf j r <kWap s ds vuq :i

fn ;k t k;sxk vkSj mR r jn kf ;R o ,oa bZeku n kjh l s dk;kZUo ;u l qf uf ' pr

f d;k t k;sxk A

¼5½ i quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kji quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kji quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kji quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kj & y ksxk sa ds

g d ,o a f of H kUu izdkj dh l g k ;r k ds l aca/k esa O;k i d izpkj dh

16

O;o L F kk l j dkj } kj k dh t k;xh A f o 'ks"k :i l s t k sf [ke izf r j ks/kh

r duh dh dks viuk us esa r F kk iquo kZl ;kst uk esa l f dz; ;ksxn ku n sus

ds f y , l ekt dk l g ;ksx vR ;ko '; d g S A vr % l j dkj } kj k

f o fH kUu Lr j ds f uo kZf p r l n L;ksa] f ef M ;k ] , dsM f e;k Wa

¼academia½dks iz pkj ls lacaf / kr l Hkh dk;ZØeks a esa l f Eef y r f d;k

t k ;xk A

¼6½ llll kkkk ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k llll ' kf D r dj .k' kf D r dj .k' kf D r dj .k' kf D r dj .k &&&& l j dkj

l kekf t d ,o a l k eqnkf ;d f o dk l dks i qu Zo kl , oa i quf uZek.k dk; Zdze

esa ,d eg R oi w.kZ f o Un q ek ur h g S A bl g srq ef g y kvksa dh H kkxh n kjh

, oa m uds l 'k Dr h dj .k dh vk o' ;dr k gSA

¼7½ H ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r kH ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r kH ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r kH ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r k & dksl h vkin k ls

i zHk kf o r l Hk h o xksZ ds yk s xk sa dks ] { kf r xz Lr edkuksa ds iqu f uZekZ.k] u ;s

f o dfl r H kwdEi r duh dh ds vu q:i r F kk vk in k izf r jks/k h fM t kbu

l fg r f uekZ.k dj u s ds f y , ] l j dkj f o Lrr dk;Zdze r S;kj djsxh

vkSj l g k;r k iSdst @ iSdst ksa dh H kh ? kks"k . kk dj sxh A

¼8½ e sV sf j ;y cSade sV sf j ;y cSade sV sf j ;y cSade sV sf j ;y cSad & pw¡f d r h u y k[k l s vf /kd f ut h

edkuk sa] yk sd l aif R r;ksa ,o a vU; vk/k k j H kwr laj p ukvksa dk iquf uZekZ.k

f d;k t k uk g S vr % vf / kd ek = k esa f l esaV] N M +] bZaV ,o a vU;

f u ekZ.k l kef xz;ksa dh vk o' ;dr k g ksxh Al j dkj ;g lqf u f'pr dj sxh

f d iapk ;r Lr j ij bu l k ef xz;k sa dh mi y C/kr k g k s] vkSj L F k kuh ;

17

Lr j ij equ kQ k [kksj h vk Sj 'k ks"k.k dh f L F k f r m R iUu u g ks A vf / kd

l a[;k esa dq' ky dkj h xj k sa dks m iy C ? k dj ku s g sr q] mUg sa f p f àr dj

dkS'k y m Uu;u g sr q i zf 'k {k .k dh O;oL F kk dj u h gS A

¼9½ ef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kkef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kkef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kkef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kk & lj dkj h l g k ;r k ls f uf eZr

g k sus ok y s edkuk sa d k f u ca/ku ] i f r ,oa i Ru h ds l a;qD r uke l s g ks]

bl s lqf u f 'pr dj k;k t k ;xk A f o/ ko kvk sa ds ekey s esa l j dkj } kj k

H ko u laca/kh lqf o /k k,Wa l h /ks m Ug ha dks n h t k;saxh u f d vkSj if j o kj

ds f dl h iq:"k l n L; dks A

¼10½ u xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zlu xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zlu xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zlu xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zl & uxj { ks= esa iqu okZl dk;ZØe

vUr xZr y kH kkf Uo r ksa ds f g r ksa dh j { kk ds l kF k **f cYM csV j * * ¼ 'build

better'½ds fl ) kUr ij l Hkh l kewf g d l qf o/ kkvksa l fg r f uekZ.k dh

;kst uk r S;kj dh t k;xh A ;kst u kvk sa ds dk ;kZUo ;u esa L F k kuh ;

f u dk ;ksa dh l g k;r k] L F ky p;u] f uj h {k .k] vuqJ o.k vkf n esa y h

t k ;xh A f ut h edk uksa ds ekey s esa xzkeh .k by k ds esa vi uk; s

t k uso ky h i)f r & ;F kk YkkH kkF khZ izsf j r (Beneficiary driven) f uek Z.k dk

vuql j .k f d;k t k;sxk A m l h i zdkj l g k;r k l kef xz;ksa dh xq.ko R r k

ds H kh f un s' ku] r du h dh i;Zo s{k .k bR ;kf n dh O;o L F kk H kh dj kbZ

t k ;xh A

¼11½ v k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dhv k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dhv k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dhv k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dh & l j dkj us f u.kZ;

f y ;k gS f d l k js f u t h ,oa y k sd Hk ou ksa dk iqu f uZekZ.k H kwd Ei

18

i zf r j ks/kh f M t kbZu ds vk /kkj i j vkSj H kf o "; esa ck< + dk l keuk dj us

ds n f "V dks .k l s f d;k t k ;xk A bl g sr q vki n k izf r j ks/kh r duh dh

dk m i;ksx] vko ' ;d r duh dh izf 'k {k .k] retrofitting dh dkj Zo kbZ]

vkSj u;h f uekZ.k r du h dh dk izp kj , o a l kef xz;ksa dh O ; o L F kk ,d

l aL F kkxr O;oL F kk ds ek /;e l s f d;k t k;xkA f uekZ.k ds l aca/k esa

vko ';d f uj h {k .k r F kk xq.k oR r k dk f u jh { k.k H kh l e;& l e; ij

dj ku s dh O;oL F k k dh t k ;xh A

¼12½ v kv kv kv k t h f o d kt h f o d kt h f o d kt h f o d k & iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;& iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;& iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;& iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;

i) vkin k ls i zHk kf or O;f D r ;ksa ds t h o u dk i qu:) kj , oa

i qut h Zo u] iquo kZl dk;Zdze ds eq[ ; mí s'; gSa A j kT; l j dkj } kj k

f o fH kUu izdkj dh vk f F kZd ;kst u kvksa dks y kxw f d;k t k ;sxk r k f d

dkj h xj ksa] m |f e;ksa ,o a Lo f u ;ksf t r O;f Dr ;ksa dks vf /k dr e y kH k f ey

l ds A M s;j h ] g S.M h dzkQ ~V] g Lr dj ? kk , oa N ksVs m |ksxk sa ds iqu t h Zou

g sr q vf /kdr e l e F k Zu fn ;k t k ;sxk A bl g sr q r S;kj u h f r essa

dk;Z'k h y iwat h ,o a vU; l qf o /k kvk sa dh O;oL F k k ,o a f oR r h; l aL F kk uksa

l s _.k dh O ;o LF kk dh t k,xh A

ii) vkt h f o dk iqu % izk j aH k dj us g sr q H kkj r l j dkj , oa

multilateral funding agencies l s f o Rr iks"k.k izkI r f d;k

t k ;sxk A o kf .k T; d cSadksa dk l f Ø ; ;ks xn ku H kh ;kst uk ds dk;Z dzek s a

ds f y , vf r vk o' ;d g S A Lo ;a l g k ;r k l ewg ksa ,o a dk j h xj k sa ds

19

dksS'k y m Uu ;u ,o a izf ' k+{ k.k dh O;o L F kk dh t k;s xh A Lo ;a l g k;r k

l ewg ksa ds ek/; e ls mUg sa l axf Br dj vko kl f uekZ.k dk ;k sZ e sa

y xk;k t k ;sxk r F kk Lo .kZt ;ar h xzke Loj k st xkj ;kst uk var xZr vkPN k fnr

dj mUur vkt h f odk dk yk Hk i gqWapk;k t k ;sxk A

iii) vYi dk yh u l g k;r k

f o R r h ; laL F k kuksa }k j k m iH kksx _ .k ¼consumption

loan½ vkSj vki n k l s i h f M +r _f .k;ksa ds ek eys esa o Rr Z ek u _.k ds

conversion dh O ;o L F kk] cqudj ,o a vk f VZt u ksa ds f y , l k exzh g srq

l g k;r k ds vy ko s o dZ' ksM dh O;o L F kk H kh dh t k;sxh A

iv) n h ? kZdk yh u ;kst u k

M s;j h iz{ ks= esa Lo;a l g k;r k l ewg ksa ,o a l g dkf jr k

l f ef r ;ksa ds xB u] chilling centres ds f uekZ.k ] M s;j h izksl sf lax dh

O;o L F kk] vkf V Zt u , o a cqudj ksa ds f y , g SaM ywe r F k k g SaM h ØkQ ~V i kdZ

dh L F kkiu k] f oi .ku dh O;o L F kk g sr q f o Lrr ;k st uk r S;kj dh

t k ;sxh A

¼13½ d f " k iz{ ks= d s d f " k iz{ ks= d s d f " k iz{ ks= d s d f " k iz{ ks= d s i qut h Zo u d k;ZØi qut h Zo u d k;ZØi qut h Zo u d k;ZØi qut h Zo u d k;ZØ e e e e

dksl h vk in k ls i zHkk f or byk ds esa xk n g V kus dh

dkj Zo kbZ] bu iqV vu q n ku ] lh Mf yax dh O;o L F kk bR ;k f n r qj ar dh

t k ;sxh A n h /kZdky h u j .kuh fr ds :i esa dksl h { ks= ds df "k f o dkl

ds f y , j k"V ªh ; Lr j dh laL F kk vksa ;F kk vkbZ-l h -, -vk j - d ks v/;;u

20

dj us , oa f odkl ;kst uk r S;kj dj us g sr q izksR l kf gr f d;k t k ;sxk A

{ ks= h ; Lr j ij lg j l k esa vof L F k r df "k eg k f o| y k; dk s l qn< +

f d;k t k;sxk A bl { ks= esa eR L; iky u dh laH kko uk vksa dks n s[kr s

g q, bl s f odfl r dj us g sr q fo f 'k"V ;kst uk rS;kj dh t k;sxh A df "k

{ ks= esa lay Xu l g dkj h l aL F k kvksa dks l qn<+ f d;k t ks;xk A

¼14½ v k/kk j H kwr l ajv k/kk j H kwr l ajv k/kk j H kwr l ajv k/kk j H kwr l aj pu k,¡pu k,¡pu k,¡pu k,¡

vkin k ls i zHk kf o r l H kh { ks= ksa esa r qj r vko kxeu

i quL F kk Zf ir dj us ds f y , i F kksa , oa iq y ksa dh ej Eer h dh t k ;sxh A

vkin k izf r j ks/k h r duh dh ds vu ql kj lqn <+h dj .k ,o a iqu t h Zo u ;k st uk

ds vu q:i u; s l M +dksa ds f uekZ.k ] f l apkbZ ug j ksa dk iqu :R F kku , oa

ej Eer h dj k;h t k;sxh A u;s fl js ls xzkeh .k by kds esa dj h c 2000

f d 0 eh 0 l M +dk sa dh ej Eer h , oa l qn<+h dj .k r F kk i qyk sa dk f uekZ.k

vxy s 2& 3 o "kksZ esa dj k ;k t k ;sxk A mD r dk;Z esa vf H k;a= .k

f o H kkxksa } kj k csg rj r F kk r h ozr j dk;kZUo ;u ,o a vu qJo.k O ;o LF kk ds

f y , f o H kkxksa ds { ker k f uekZ.k ,o a m Uu;u dh ;kst u k dk;kZf Uo r dh

t k ;sxh A xzekh .k l M +dk sa dk f uekZ.k vck/k :i l s py r k jgs

bl ds f y , ch 0vkj 0vkj 0M h 0,0 dk l qn <+h dj .k f d;k t k;s xk A

¼15½ ÅÅÅÅ t k Zt k Zt k Zt k Z

l j dk j } kj k lH kh l c LV s'ku ksa vkSj Å t kZ i z{ ks= l s

l acaf /kr y ksd l aif Rr ;ksa dh ej Eer h ,o a iqu t hZo u dj k;k t k;sxk A

21

e /;edky h u mi k; ds r kSj ij l H kh bf D o iesaV ~l ] V ªk al eh ' ku y kbZu

r F kk Vªk alQ k eZj dh cn y h dj k;h t k;sxh r kf d fl LV e esa l q/kkj y k;k

t k l ds vkSj l Qy r j h ds l s dk;Zj r g ks A ;s l H kh dk;Z vxy s

3& 4 o "kksZa es a iwj s f d, t k;asxs A

¼16½ y ksd Hk ouy ksd Hk ouy ksd Hk ouy ksd Hk ou

l j dk j } kj k l H kh dk;kZy ;ksa ,o a y k sd Hk ou ksa ;F kk

f o |k y ; ,oa vLir ky dh ej Eer h r F kk vko ' ;dr ku ql kj retrofitting

dj k;h t k;sxh A

j k T; ;kst u k@dsUn zh ; ;kst uk@Multilateral funding agencies@

f u t h { ks= dh l g k;r k l s iapk;r Hko u kas] g kbZ j k bt 'ksYV lZ] cattle

shelters bR ;kfn dk f uek Z.k f d;k t k ;sxk f t l esa vkin k izf r j ks/k

r duh d viuk ;h t k;sxh A

¼17½ t y ki wf R r Zt y ki wf R r Zt y ki wf R r Zt y ki wf R r Z

xzkeh .k by k dksa esa t y k iwf R R kZ fl LVe ds iqu :) kj dh

dk;Z;k st u k rqj r y h t k;sxh r kf d Lo LF k ,oa LoPN t y kiwf R rZ] { ks=

esa y ksxksa dks f ey l ds A e /;edky h u mik; ds :i esa uxj h ; { ks=

esa Lo PN ty vkiwf rZ dh O;oL F k k dh t k ;sxh vk Sj {kf rxzLr y ksd

l aif Ùk ;ksa dh ej Eer h ¼t Sl s V ;wccsy ] ek sV j iEi~l bR;k f n ½ dh t k;sxh

22

xzkeh .k Lr j i j ik uh LV ksj st dh O; OkL F kk] t y kiwf R rZ

u sVo dZ dh O;o L F kk ] o g r :i esa xz keh .k ,o a u xj h ; byk ds e sa ikb Zi

y kbZu f l LVe dh L F kkiu k] iaf iax ,o a dSf I Vo i Ei ~l t yk iwf R rZ f l LVe

dh O;o L F kk vxy s 2& 3 l k y esa dh tk;sxh A

¼18½ llll kkkk ekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odklekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odklekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odklekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odkl

dksl h vk in k l s i zH kkf o r { ks= esa l so kvksa r F kk l kek f t d

, oa l k eqn kf ;d i awt h ds iqu f uZekZ.k ds f y ,] Lo kL F ;] f 'k{ kk , oa

ef g y k f o dkl ds dk;ZØ ek sa dk s dk;k Zf U or f d;k t k;sxkA bu l H kh

dk;kZØ eksa es a Q k sdl ] f o' ks"k :i l s ef g yk vk sa i j g ksxk v kSj mu ds

l 'kD rh dj .k vkSj th f o dk ds iqu :)k j dsk izH kk oh cu k;k t k;sxk A

¼19½ Lo kL F ;Lo kL F ;Lo kL F ;Lo kL F ;

Lo kL F ; l aca/kh vk/kk j Hk wr l so kvk sa dks i qu% p ky w dj k;k

t k ,xk A vki n k ls ih fM +r vf /kdr j y ksxk sa ds f y , Lok LF ; l sok vk sa

dks f uj ar j :i l s p ky w j [k us dh vk o ' ;dr k iM +sxh A b l fy , bls

l qn <+ dj us dh H kh vko ';dr k g ksxh A vYidkf y d r kSj i j Lo kL F ;

, oa l Q kbZ] f 'k{ kk dk i zca/k] l keqn kf ;d izf ' k{ k.k vkf n dh O;o L F kk

dh t k, xh r kf d eg kekj h ug ha QSy s A f ty k ,oa vuqeaM y h ;

vLir ky k sa] iz k F kf ed Lo kL F ; dsUn zksa e sa csg r j lqf o/k k;sa y k;h t k;saxh

r k f d ej h t ksa dh c<+ r h gq;h l a[;k ds vuq:i O;o L F kk;sa g ksa A f o 'ks"k

:i l s f ty k vLir ky ksa esa xg u f pf dR l k d { kk dh O;o L F kk]

23

u ot kr f'k' kqvksa ds f y , xg u f p f dR l k d{ k dh O;o L F kk]

Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre dh O;o L F kk ] izkF kf ed Lo kL F ; dsUn zksa

r d i SF kksy kWf t dy ,o a j sf M ;ksy kWf t dy t kWap dh l qf o/ kk m iy C /k

dj ku k vkf n ' kkf ey g ksxk A ck < + izH kkf o r { ks= ksa esa iY l iksf y ;ks

dk;Z dze ds r g r , oa f u ;f er V h dkdj .k ds r g r f o 'ks"k pdz py kus

dh vko '; dr k g ksx h A l kF k g h deworming g sr q H kh d kj Zo kbZ dh

t k ;sxh A vk axu ok M +h ds Un zksa dks vk Sj l qn <+ f d;k t k;s xk v kSj uo t kr

f ' k'kqvk sa ,o a xH kZo r h ekr kvksa d s V h dk dj .k ,o a Lo kL F ; izf' k{ k.k dh

O;o LF kk dks vk Sj l qn<+ f d;k t k;s xk A

¼20½ f ' k{ kkf ' k{ kkf ' k{ kkf ' k{ kk

vkin k izH kkf o r { ks= k sa esa f ' k{ kk l aL F kkvksa dks iqu% dk; Zj r

cu kus dk dk;Z dze izk j aHk f d;k t k;sxk A Ldwy ksa dh ej E er h ] H ko u

ds iqu f uZekZ.k dks i zkF kf edr k n h t k;sxh A r duh dh l aL F kku ksa t Sl s

vkbZ -Vh - vkbZ -] ik Wf y V sdf u d bR ;kf n ds H ko uksa dh e j Eer h , oa

l qn <+h dj .k f d;k t k ;sxk r k f d dkS' ky m Uu ;u ds dk;Z dze bu dsUn zk sa

ds } kj k H kh f d;k t k l ds A

¼ 2 1½¼ 2 1½¼ 2 1½¼ 2 1½ i ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr ki ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr ki ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr ki ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr k

dksl h vkin k ls izH kkf o r { ks= ksa ,o a i quo kZl ,oa { kfr xzLr

vk/k kj H kwr l aj pu kvk sa ds f u ekZ.k esa iapk ;r h j kt l aLF kkvksa dk l g ;ksx

i zkI r f d;k t k ;sxk A

24

¼22½ ef g y k l 'kef g y k l 'kef g y k l 'kef g y k l 'k D rD rD rD r hhhh dj .kdj .kdj .kdj .k

i zf 'k{ k.k ] f ' k{ kk ,oa Income Generation dk;Z dyk iksa ds

} kj k efg y kvksa dh l ' kf Dr dj .k ;kst uk] i quo kZl ;kst u k ds eq[;

m ís' ; g ksaxs A g Lr dj ?k k , oa vU; vk f F kZd dk;Z dy ki ksa ds dk;Z ds

f y , f o 'ks"k :i l s ef g yk vksa dsk izf ' k { k.k dh O;o L F k k , o a l e F kZu

l j dk j } kj k f d;k t k;xk A Lo ;a l g k ;r k l ewg ksa ds xBu vkSj

m uds ek/;e l s cp r , oa _.k dh O;o L F kk bR ;kf n ij ;k st uk; sa

dk;kZf Uo r dh t k,Wax h A vk¡xu ckM +h d k;Z dr k Zvk sa] l kekf t d dk;Z dr k Zvk sa

ds ek/;e l s H kh ,o a xSj l j dk j h l aL F k kuksa ef gy k l k e[;k] ef g y k

f o dkl f uxe ,o a vU; [;kf r izkI r xSj &l j dkj h laL F k kvksa ds ek/;e

l s l kekf t d l sokv ksa ,o a ds Un zksa ds i quf uZekZ.k ds dk ;ZØ e py k;s

t k ,¡xs A

¼23½ i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk

¼d ½ d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ;d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ;d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ;d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ; l f ef r l f ef r l f ef r l f ef r

i qufZu ZekZ.k ds f y , r S;kj dh xbZ dk;Z ;kst u k ,o a vU;

u h f r xr fu .kZ;ksa dh Lo h df r eq[; ea= h dh v/ ;{k r k esa xf Br ^ dksl h

i quo kZl ,oa i quf uZek Z.k m PpLr jh ; lf efr * } kj k n h t k;xh ] ft l esa mi

eq[;ea= h & l g &f o Ùk ea= h ds vyk os f u Eu kafdr ln L; H kh g ksaxs %&

25

ea= h ] xzkeh .k f odkl f o H kkx

ea= h ] df "k f o Hk kx

ea= h ] i 'kq ,o a eR L; lal k /ku f o H kkx

ea= h ] y ksd Lok L F ; vf H k;a= .k f o H kkx

ea= h ] u xj f odkl foH kk x

ea= h ] i apk;r h j k t foH kk x

ea= h ] m |ksx f o H kkx

ea= h ] Lo kL F ; f o H kkx

ea= h ] f ' k{ kk f o H kkx

ea= h ] l ekt dY;k.k f o H kkx

ea= h ] vuql wf pr t kf r ,o a t ut kf r dY;k .k f o Hk kx

ea= h ] f i NM +k o xZ ,o a vf r f iNM +k o xZ dY;k .k f o H kkx

ea= h ] vYil a[; d f o Hk kx

ea= h ] i F k f uekZ.k f oH kk x

ea= h ] xzkeh .k d k;Z f o H kkx

ea= h ] ;kst uk ,o a f odk l f o Hk kx

ea= h ] vki n k izca/k u f o H kkx

eq[; l f po ] f cg kj

f o dkl vk;qD r ] f cg kj

i z/kku l f po ] f o R r f o Hk kx

26

i z/kku l f po ] vkin k izca/ku f oHkk x

(ii) n ks f o 'ks"k K ] f t Ugsa r duh dh ] H kwdai ,o a f u ekZ.k iz{ ks= esa

[;k f r izkI r g ks A

(iii) vkin k izca/k u izk f /kdkj ds l n L;x.k A

(iv) l acaf /kr f oH kkxk sa ds iz/k ku l f po @lf po] vk eaf = r ln L; g kssaxs A

i z/kku l f po @l f po ] ;kst uk ,oa f o dkl f o H kkx bl l f ef r ds l n L; lf po

g k saxsA

mi ;qZDr l f ef r } kj k u h fr f u/kk Zj .k r F kk var f oZH kkxh ; l eUo ; ds

f o Unqvksa i j ekx Zn ' kZu ,o a l eh { kk ds vk/k kj ij vk o' ;d ;k st uk i f j o R rZu

bR ;kf n dk funs' k fn ;k t k l dsxk A

¼ [k½¼ [k½¼ [k½¼ [k½ ; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u&

;kst uk dk l w= .k ;k st uk ,o a f o dkl f oH kk x } k j k fodkl

vk;qD r ds ek xZn ' kZu esa f d;k t k;s xk A f o H kkx f dl h f o R r h ; o "kZ

esa iqu ok Zl ,oa i quf uZekZ.k ;k st uk ds f y , f of H kUu L= ksr ksa ls j kf ' k dh

m iy C /kr k dk vk dy u dj sxk ,o a miy C /k l al k /ku ds f o :)

f o fH kUu iz{ ks= ksa esa ;ks t ukvksa ds l w= .k dh dkj Zo kbZ dj sxk vkSj m l ij

m Pp Lr j h ; lf ef r dk vuqeksn u i zkI r dj sxk A

¼ x½¼ x½¼ x½¼ x½ d ksl h i quo kZl d ksl h i quo kZl d ksl h i quo kZl d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf u Zek Z.k, oa i quf u Zek Z.k, oa i quf u Zek Z.k, oa i quf u Zek Z.k ;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr

dk sl h iquo kZl , oa iqu f uZekZ.k dh l Hk h ;kst u kvksa dh Loh df r

u oxf B r izkf /k dr l f ef r } kj k n h t k ,xh A m D r l f efr esa iz/ kku

27

l f po ] fo R r f o Hk kx@ vij f oR r vk;qD r ] iz/ kku l fpo @l f po ]

vkin k izca/ku f o H kkx , oa iz/kk u l f po @l f po ] ;kst uk ,o a f o dkl

r F kk lacaf /k r f oH kk x ds i z/kku l f po @l f po l n L; g ksaxs A f o dkl

vk;qD r dh v/;{ kr k esa xf Br l f ef r dks l g ;ksx ds f y , f o 'ks"k K ksa

dks vkeaf = r f d;k t k l dsxk A

i zkf /kdr l f ef r dh vuq' kal k ds ckn f o Hk kx } kj k

f u /kkZf j r izf dz;k ,o a izR ;k;ksf t r 'k f Dr ;ksa ds vuq:i L oh dR ;kn s'k

f u xZr f d;k t k, xk A bl g n r d dk sl h i quo kZl ,o a iqu f uZekZ.k

l aca/kh ;kst ukvksa dh Lo h df r ds f y , f oH kkxk sa dks f oR r h ; 'kf D r ;ksa

dk izR ;k;kst u l a' kksf /k r ek uk t k, xk A

l acaf /kr f oH kkxksa } kjk vi us f o H kkx ds ct V i zko /kku ls

;k eq[;ea= h j kg r dks"k] f cg kj Q kmaMs'ku l s i zkI r j k f'k ls Lo h dr

dk;ZØ e ds vuql kj l aj puk vksa dk l t u f d;k t k l dsxk A eq[;e aa= h

j k g r dks"k ;k f cg kj Q kmaM s' ku ls f of' k"V ;kst u kvksa d s f y , izkI r

j k f 'k l s] dk;kZ Uo ;u ,t sUl h ds :i esa] l acaf / kr fo Hk kx } kj k ;kst u k,¡

dk;kZf Uo r dh t k l dsaxh A if j ;k st uk dk dk ;kZ Uo ; u l acaf /kr

f o H kkxksa dh o rZeku O;oL F kk l s dj k;k t k,xk A

;kst ukvksa dk ek f l d vuqJo .k m i;qZD r xf Br izkf /k dr

l f ef r } kj k f d;k t k ;sxk A

28

¼? k½ f t y k Lrj i j izH kk j h ea= h dh v/;{ k r k esa ^ dksl h

i quo kZl ,oa i quf uZekZ.k ;kst uk f ty k vuqJo .k l f ef r * dk xB u f d;k

t k ;sxk f t l esa l acaf /kr { ks= h ; l kal n ] fo /kk;d ] i k"k Zn ] ekU ;r k izkI r

j k t uhf r n y ds izf r fu f/k] f t y k ifj "kn ~ v/;{ k] uxj i "kZn ds

v/;{ k ,o a l acaf / kr dk ;k Z Uo ;u f o H kkxksa ds f t y k Lr j h ; in kf /kdkj h

, oa mi f o dkl vk;qDr l n L; jg saxs A f t y k in kf /kdkj h bl l f ef r

ds l a;kst d g ksaxs A