Knowledge Knowledge Utilization: Utilization: The Nursing Knowledge System The Nursing Knowledge System By Paul J Graham MA By Paul J Graham MA MLIS MLIS Research Research Associate/Librarian Associate/Librarian Social Research Unit Social Research Unit Department of Department of
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Knowledge Utilization: The Nursing Knowledge System By Paul J Graham MA MLIS Research Associate/Librarian Social Research Unit Department of Sociology.
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Knowledge Utilization:Knowledge Utilization:The Nursing Knowledge SystemThe Nursing Knowledge System
By Paul J Graham MA MLISBy Paul J Graham MA MLIS
Research Research Associate/LibrarianAssociate/Librarian
The The purposepurpose of this research program is to develop of this research program is to develop theoretical foundations for knowledge utilization (KU) theoretical foundations for knowledge utilization (KU) to enable relevant knowledge use by practitioners to enable relevant knowledge use by practitioners and decision-makers. It draws on four distinct and decision-makers. It draws on four distinct disciplinary perspectives and applies multi-methods disciplinary perspectives and applies multi-methods and multi-level analysis to existing datasets.and multi-level analysis to existing datasets.
The The research questions research questions addressed are:addressed are: How do the determinants of KU vary across levels How do the determinants of KU vary across levels
of decision-making?of decision-making? How is KU accomplished in organizations?How is KU accomplished in organizations? How does KU shape policy implementation?How does KU shape policy implementation?
Background InformationBackground Information::KUPI at the University of SaskatchewanKUPI at the University of Saskatchewan
Dr. Dickinson, Dept of Sociology, U of S Dr. Dickinson, Dept of Sociology, U of S Working with Knowledge System Working with Knowledge System
Framework toFramework to Develop a theory of KS Processes of Develop a theory of KS Processes of
Knowledge Production-Transfer-UseKnowledge Production-Transfer-Use Research Team includes Research Team includes
Liz Quinlan (CIHR PDF), William Boateng Liz Quinlan (CIHR PDF), William Boateng (PhD candidate), Kelly Chessie (PhD (PhD candidate), Kelly Chessie (PhD student), Cara Spence (MA Student), Aoub student), Cara Spence (MA Student), Aoub Alagasham (MA Student), Fleur McQueen-Alagasham (MA Student), Fleur McQueen-Smith (MA Students) Smith (MA Students)
Background InformationBackground Information::The Wide and Savage Sea in the Knowledge SocietyThe Wide and Savage Sea in the Knowledge Society
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval:: The Facts about Knowledge Utilization The Facts about Knowledge Utilization
Distribution, Diffusion, Uptake, Bridging the gap, research utilization, implementation research, etc.
Mode 2, Post Normal Science, Triple Helix “Two Communities Metaphors” “Sticky
Knowledge” “Communities of Practice” “Epistemic Culture”
Cross-disciplinary Web of Science, CINAHL, Academic Search
Premier Various Studies
Organizational, Individual, Gender, Technological
The Literature is full of various terminology, theories, and concepts.
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval:: Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization
Estabrooks et al. (2004). Mapping the Field: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Research Utilization Literature in Nursing
Development of RU by Nurse Scholars Iowa Model of Research in Practice, Collaborative Research
Model Ottawa Model of Research Use, Multidimensional Framework
Top Journals Journal of Advanced Nursing, Nursing Standard, Journal of
Nursing Administration, Nursing Clinics of North America
Important Authors Cheryl Stetler, Jo Anne Horsley, Carole Estabrooks
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval:: Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization
Important Findings
Limited research transfer: only 2% of the references in the clinical research utilization literature were references to research articles
More than 60% of the references in articles are to research by nurses (Nurses citing Nurse Scholarship)
40% of references citing external sources . The scholarship is not completely insular.
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval:: Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization
Meijers et al. (2006). Assessing the relationships between contextual factors and research utilization in Nursing
Investigating Factors The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature
on studies reporting a relationship between contextual factors and research utilization by nurses in clinical practice
Contextual Factors included: Time, Access to research, leadership, authority, culture, structure, support, incentives, skills, education, size of hospital, professionalism, communication, innovation champion
Results No single study was assessed to be of high methodological
quality Identified 10 study findings that had a statistically significant
relationship with research utilization: Role, Access, organizational climate, multifaceted support, time, Education
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval:: Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization Bibliometric Example of Knowledge Utilization
Measures of Research Utilization, whose validity is clearly demonstrated, are needed. One approach to enhancing interpretation is to provide nurses with a clear definition of research utilization before they complete a survey
More theory and research are needed to conceptualize and measure nursing context.
Observational and intervention studies with less reliance on self-report would strengthen the evidence obtained from research in this field.
The impact of research utilization on patient outcomes has to be assessed, as well as the sustainability of practice changes when implementing research findings.
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval::Nursing Students and ResearchNursing Students and Research
Ax, Susanne (2001). Nursing Students’ Perceptions of Research: Usefulness, Implementation and Training
Stresses the Research Component of Nursing in Britain Purpose of Study
Investigate Nursing Student perceptions on the usefulness, implementation, & interest surrounding research use
Investigate Nursing training in structure and design of classes, reading materials, personal study and stress
Methodology One to one Interviews of 13 Nursing Students
Findings Improving Practice by testing assumptions of current practice Students voiced difficulties in making suggestions for change Feeling of a lack of understanding, a disconnect to application
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval::Nursing Students and ResearchNursing Students and Research
Few students indicated that they employed their research knowledge or skills in practice.
Some students suggested that it was useful to know how to search the literature before going on a clinical placement
Few were actually involved in a research project at the time of the interview.
A separation of Scientific Research and Information Retrieval skills was not clear.
Many Nursing students had complained about the early introduction of research into the curriculum. Some reported increased anxiety.
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval:: What is Important from this Section? What is Important from this Section?
KU is a Widely Dispersed and KU is a Widely Dispersed and Terminologically Diverse FieldTerminologically Diverse Field
KU Bibliometric Studies can help KU Bibliometric Studies can help you understand this field and the you understand this field and the Challenges for NursingChallenges for Nursing
Additionally, it is clear you have Additionally, it is clear you have a role for being involved as a role for being involved as Nurse Scholars publishing your Nurse Scholars publishing your works, being involvedworks, being involved
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Why Should we Care? Why Should we Care?
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Bibliographic Software Bibliographic Software
EndnoteEndnote Collecting and searching resourcesCollecting and searching resources Organization of ResourcesOrganization of Resources User FriendlyUser Friendly
RefWorksRefWorks Good for initially capturing resources to Good for initially capturing resources to
edit and review for a projectedit and review for a project Excellent for sharing knowledge across a Excellent for sharing knowledge across a
team based work.team based work.
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: RefWorks RefWorks
The GoodThe Good Download results from Google ScholarDownload results from Google Scholar Search, Browse and edit referencesSearch, Browse and edit references Produce Bibliographies in various stylesProduce Bibliographies in various styles Share Information with a team working on Share Information with a team working on
the same projectthe same project The BadThe Bad
Hierarchies (a folder within a folder) are Hierarchies (a folder within a folder) are not possiblenot possible
Controls are not yet user friendlyControls are not yet user friendly
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Finding RefWorks Software Finding RefWorks Software
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Finding RefWorks Software Finding RefWorks Software
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Login with your NSID and Password Login with your NSID and Password
Use your NSID and Password
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Endnote: Organizational Strategy Endnote: Organizational Strategy
Use Reference Types to organize Use Reference Types to organize your referencesyour references
Compose your own classification Compose your own classification system for information retrievalsystem for information retrieval
Caution: contents may cause you to be an extremely organized person
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Typical Endnote File Typical Endnote File
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Typical Components of the Reference Typical Components of the Reference
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Typical Components of the Reference Typical Components of the Reference
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Bonus Features for Organization Bonus Features for Organization
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Bonus Features for Organization Bonus Features for Organization
Select “Edit” And
“Preferences”
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: EDIT EDIT REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Your Preference options dialog box
appears
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Modify Modify REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Select “Reference Types”
And“Modify Reference
Types”
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: ADD YOUR CONTENT TO ADD YOUR CONTENT TO REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Use the Custom Fields to design your own classification system.
All of the Features for
“Journal”appears for you to
edit as you like.
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: YOUR Custom Fields YOUR Custom Fields REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Notice the “Custom Fields”
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: YOUR Custom Fields YOUR Custom Fields REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Notice that I’ve typed in elementsImportant to my
Work!
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: YOUR Custom Fields YOUR Custom Fields REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Notice the multiple resources
that can beorganized
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: YOUR Custom Fields YOUR Custom Fields REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Press the “Apply” button
and you’reready to go!
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: YOUR Custom Fields YOUR Custom Fields REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
You’re classificationnow appears!
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: YOUR Custom Fields YOUR Custom Fields REFERENCE TYPESREFERENCE TYPES
Knowledge UtilizationStructure
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: Faceted AnalysisFaceted Analysis
Filing TermFiling Term Knowledge Utilization-Health-Knowledge Utilization-Health-
Organization of InformationOrganization of Information:: What is Important from this Section? What is Important from this Section?
Organization is necessary for Organization is necessary for your academic work and your academic work and especially in Knowledge especially in Knowledge UtilizationUtilization
Using Bibliographic software is Using Bibliographic software is the most efficient way to the most efficient way to organize your workorganize your work
You can use Bibliographic You can use Bibliographic software to classify your worksoftware to classify your work
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Now What?!Now What?!
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Knowledge SystemsKnowledge Systems
Knowledge Systems ThinkingKnowledge Systems ThinkingHolzner and Marx, 1979Holzner and Marx, 1979 Knowledge System represents the Knowledge System represents the
different, but sometimes overlapping, different, but sometimes overlapping, processes in society that involve processes in society that involve knowledge production, organization, knowledge production, organization, Transfer, Application and/or Transfer, Application and/or ImplementationImplementation
Von Bertalanffy, 1968Von Bertalanffy, 1968 Systems Theory involves an Systems Theory involves an
interconnectedness of processes, to do interconnectedness of processes, to do science is to have a knowledge system. science is to have a knowledge system.
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Knowledge SystemKnowledge System
Implementation
ProductionManagement
Transfer
Utilization
Knowledge System
Holzner & Marx, 1979
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Knowledge SystemKnowledge System
Knowledge Management Strategy Hansen et al. (1999) “What’s your Strategy for
Managing Knowledge” in Harvard Business Review
Knowledge is divided up into Tacit (People to People) and Codified (Documents to People)
For your organization to excel, you must selection one strategy over the other, either codified or tacit
Your decision must be based on an 80/20 split Hansen’s framework for the study investigated
helath organizations as well as business.
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Nursing Knowledge System ApplicationNursing Knowledge System Application
Dr. Liz Quinlan, Sociology Dr. Liz Quinlan, Sociology DepartmentDepartment With Hansen’s study in mind, a With Hansen’s study in mind, a
framework of codified vs. Tacit knowledge framework of codified vs. Tacit knowledge is considered for reinterpretation of a is considered for reinterpretation of a Nursing Survey.Nursing Survey.
She reviewed the Knowledge Transfer She reviewed the Knowledge Transfer and Utilization literatureand Utilization literature
She found that:She found that: Codified Knowledge strategy is the Codified Knowledge strategy is the most most
effective in improving health outcomeseffective in improving health outcomes
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Nursing Knowledge Management StrategyNursing Knowledge Management Strategy
Organizational support for Innovation
Codified KM strategy
(people to documents)
Personalized KM strategy (people to
people)
Nurses’ job satisfaction
and sense of well-being
Patienthealth
outcomesh1
h4h3
h4
h2
Key Component
Research ApplicationResearch Application::Nursing Knowledge Management StrategyNursing Knowledge Management Strategy
Exhaustion
Job Satisfaction
Innovation
Codified KM
Personalized KM:
Nurse-to-Nurse
Nurse-to-Mgt
Nurse-to-Drs
PatientOutcomes
Key Element
Research ApplicationResearch Application::What is important from this Section?What is important from this Section?
The Knowledge System concept Sees the current Knowledge Society in terms of the
institutions, processes, and actors involved in the production, management, application and implementation of Knowledge
Nurses in the Knowledge SystemNurse Scholarship in different sections of the Knowledge
System How do nurses…
Produce Knowledge Use Knowledge Share Knowledge
Relationships with… Other Nurses/Clinicians Interdisciplinary Teams
Concluding ThoughtsConcluding Thoughts::What should you get out of this talk?What should you get out of this talk?
Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval Re-emphasized the need for quality information skills Re-emphasized the need for quality information skills
for finding KU resources as well as championing your for finding KU resources as well as championing your
own careerown career. . Organization of InformationOrganization of Information
To be efficient, you must be organized; embrace the To be efficient, you must be organized; embrace the new technologies. new technologies.
Make them relevant to you.Make them relevant to you.
Application of Research Application of Research Think of yourself within a Knowledge SystemThink of yourself within a Knowledge System Consider the different System StrategiesConsider the different System Strategies Imagine your role in the Knowledge SystemImagine your role in the Knowledge System
Thank youThank you
What will your role be in the Health Knowledge system?
What skills will you need in the Health Knowledge system?
How can Knowledge Utilization assist you in your life goals in the Health Knowledge System?