University, Municipality, The Private Sector and The Community: Knowledge Management Collaboration Model for The City of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Dr. Khaled Ali Youssef Department of Architectural Engineering Faculty of Engineering Assiut University - Egypt GCC 2020 MUNICIPALITIES CONFERENCE October 22-23, 2013 - Dusit Thani Hotel - Dubai
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Knowledge management collaboration model for the city of jeddah
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University, Municipality, The Private Sector
and The Community:
Knowledge Management Collaboration Model for The City of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefDepartment of Architectural Engineering
What is a KC?The role of Knowledge Management (KM) …
“a city that aims at a knowledge baseddevelopment, by continuously encouragingthe Knowledge Management(KM) processes”.
This can be achieved through the continuousinteraction between its knowledge agentsthemselves and at the same time betweenthem and other cities' knowledge agents“.
(Ergazakis et al., 2006, pp. 65).Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Statement of the ProblemCollaboration between Knowledge Agents
Ex. 1: Community-University partnerships
allow both agents to achieve:
• common goals• develop a culture of learning,• generate new knowledge, and• Facilitate the transfer of knowledge, and• increase the extent of mutual interactions
(Tresman et al., 2007)Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Statement of the ProblemCollaboration between Knowledge Agents
• The City of Jeddah is no exception when itcomes to the culture of knowledge exchangeand knowledge agent interactions.
• Most collaboration exists within a one ortwo-way environments.
• Multi-directional collaborations might takeplace in the limited context of a one dayworkshop.
Statement of the ProblemCollaboration between Knowledge Agents
• Within the educational context, collaborationis limited in most cases to the traditionalsummer training or internship model.
• Professionally, the typical paradigm takesplace where faculty members offerconsultation to government agencies and theprivate sector on an individual case by casebasis.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Role of K-Agents1- Knowledge Creation Institutions
• The ranking of universities is influenced bythe knowledge creation process; including:
o Quantity and quality of journal articlespublished
o Awards and patentso Student graduation rateo Research expenditure, ando Number of start-up companies
generated by the research anddevelopment activities .
Role of K-Agents1- Knowledge Creation Institutions
• The role of knowledge creation institutions ininitiating and developing successful KCs isbecoming very evident., e.g. Barcelona,Stockholm and Manchester.
• These institutions are the ‘engines ofinnovation, change and economic growth’.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Role of K-Agents1- Knowledge Creation Institutions
• In Jeddah, King Abdul Aziz University (KAU),King Abdullah University of Science andTechnology (KAUST), the Hajj research centreand many private knowledge creationinstitutions all exist.
• They lack the coordination amongstthemselves to benefit the society at amaximum capacity.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• Ergazakis, et al. (2006) argued that thereshould be:o a sense of social urgency for change,o “societal will” translated into “political
will”, ando unlimited support from the upper tiers
of government.
• In most successful KCs initiatives, the localgovernment agencies takes the responsibilityof the initiatives, and coordinates urban andeconomic development activities inconjunction with all K-agents.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• In Jeddah, the ‘societal will’ has not yetdeveloped and need to developed parallel tothe ‘KC initiative’.
• The encouraging signs are there to be seen inthe JSP (2009) as listed below:o Attain a high quality of life for all,o Achieve and maintain sustainable
development,o Become a dynamic international,
commercial and tourism centre, ando Become a cultural centre for the
Muslim world.
Role of K-Agents3- The Role of the Private Sector
• Carrillo (2006) argues the private sector to beone of the most productive assets thatcontribute to the KC economy.
• The role of the private sector comes after thedevelopment of a strategic framework for theKC in its initiative.
• Barcelona, Dublin, Shanghai and Singaporecan be considered an example.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• Jeddah Development and UrbanRegeneration Company (JDURC) which wasestablished in 2006, is a major agent infacilitating the transformation of the City ofJeddah.
• JDURIC’s objective is to improve the qualityof experience for Jeddah’s residents andvisitors, and improve the local economy byproviding a platform for Public-PrivatePartnerships (PPPs).
Role of K-Agents4- The Role of the Community
• A KC should enable and foster the flow ofknowledge moments
• A “knowledge moment” is a spontaneous orplanned human experience in whichknowledge can be created, exchanged andtransformed into a new form.
• A knowledge moment happens at theintersection of people, places, processes andpurposes.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• In the City of Jeddah, there are manyconstraints in creating 'knowledge citizens‘,including:
o There is no KC initiative.o No agencies to drive the efforts.o The networks responsible for
knowledge exchange are weak.o Thus, the creation of the 'knowledge
citizens' is a very challenging task.
Models of Knowledge Management:
3
1- Between 2 K-Agents
2- Between more than 2 K-Agents
Models of Knowledge Management:A Review
Two-way linear interaction between 2 K-agents
Communities of Practice in KnowledgeTransfer Partnerships
Models of Knowledge Management:A Review
Joint communicative environment for 4 K- agents
“Environmental CommunicationCollaboration Model”, 2000, todevelop the First LatvianEnvironmental Communicationand Education Strategy (2000).
Collaboration Model for the City of Jeddah:
4
1- Guidelines
2- Proposed Model
A Collaboration Model for the Knowledge Management in the City of Jeddah Guidelines
1- A Strategic Vision to Guide the Collaboration
• The starting point is a strategic vision anddevelopment plans to design and implementa KC
“Without a sound strategy and a guiding vision,attempts to transform urban regions intocreative urban regions and cities into knowledgecities would likely result in failure”
Ergazakis et al. (2009)
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
A Collaboration Model for the Knowledge Management in the City of Jeddah Guidelines
3- A Body to Promote the Collaboration
• Ergazakis et al. (2010) examined 12 successfulKCs coming to the conclusion that thereshould be agencies/bodies to promote thedevelopment of knowledge-based regions.
• Representatives from many authorities haveto be under one roof – ‘The Body’.
• This body would be responsible for creatingthe environment, structures, and strategiesneeded for collaboration
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
A Collaboration Model for the Knowledge Management in the City of Jeddah Design and Implementation
• A body has to be created. The goals of thebody should include:
o The Vision of “Jeddah’s KC Initiative”o Identifying the Goals and Objectiveso Creation of Implementation Planso Creation of Administrative Structureso Creation of Monitoring and
A Collaboration Model for the Knowledge Management in the City of Jeddah Design and Implementation
Knowledge Management
Collaboration Model for The City of Jeddah
A Collaboration Model for the Knowledge Management in the City of Jeddah Discussion and Conclusions
• The proposed model can is a mechanism forJeddah to reinvent itself as a KC.
• While many models suggest the political andsocietal will to be the starting point, in thecase of Jeddah a body is needed to championthe idea and bring different agents together.
• Without a “champion”, the spread of thephilosophy, its understanding andimplementation will surely delay thedevelopment of the city towards thisdirection.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
A Collaboration Model for the Knowledge Management in the City of Jeddah Discussion and Conclusions
• In the review of the existing situation ofJeddah, we have come to the realization thatsome agents are more developed .
• The “Knowledge Creation” bodies appearedto be more developed. They are thussuggested to lead ‘the body’ that will directthe KC initiative.
• The model represents a starting point forfurther discussion, analysis and testing. It isthe first step in creating an initiative ratherthan the first step in becoming a KC.
Dr. Khaled Ali YoussefUNIVERSITY, MUNICIPALITY, THE PRIVATE
SECTOR AND THE COMMUNITY: KnowledgeManagement Collaboration Model for TheCity of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia