1 "I am but mad north-north- west: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw." Hamlet, Act II, scene ii
Jan 18, 2016
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"I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is
southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw."
Hamlet, Act II, scene ii
Knowing a Hawk from a Handsaw: FRBR Basics, AACR & the OPAC
A presentation by Kate HarcourtColumbia University Libraries
http://www.columbia.edu/~harcourt/FRBRnytsl.ppt
NYTSL Spring Dinner MeetingMay 7, 2004
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Required Reading
• Published by K.G. Saur in 1998 and available online.
http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.htm http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf
http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/wgfrbr/wgfrbr.htmIFLA Cataloguing Section’s Working Group on FRBR
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FRBR IN PERSPECTIVE
Paris Principles in 1961
ISBDs in 1969
AACR in 1967 and 1978
FRBR 1997-
ETC.
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FRBR BEGINNINGS
The 1990 Stockholm Seminar commissioned a study to define the functional requirements of bibliographic records.
Worked on by IFLA Study Group on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, 1992-1995
Approved by IFLA Section on Cataloging, 1997 & published by Saur in 1998
Incorporated into JSC Strategic Plan for AACR 2001/2002
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FRBR GOALS
1. “to delineate in clearly defined terms the functions performed by the bibliographic record with respect to various media, various applications and various user needs.”
2. “to recommend a basic level of functionality and basic requirements for records created by national bibliographic agencies” that would meet “essential user needs.”
3. FRBR is not a new cataloging code.
AACR3
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ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL
Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (09 FEB 02)
entity-relationship model <database, specification> An approach to data modelling proposed by P. Chen in 1976. The model says that you divide your database in two logical parts, entities (e.g. "customer", "product") and relations ("buys", "pays for"). Entity-relationship diagrams can be used to represent a model.
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ORGANIZATION OF THE FRBR REPORT
Part 1 – Definition of Entities and their Attributes
Part 2 – Bibliographic RelationshipsPart 3 – A national level bibliographic
record for all types of materialsPart 4 – User Tasks (e.g., Find,
Identify, Select & Obtain)
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ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL
EntitiesRelationshipsAttributes
ShakespeareDates
HamletEnglish
Relationshipauthor
Entity 1 Entity 2
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FRBR ENTITIES
Group 1: The products of intellectual or artistic endeavor: Work Expression Manifestation Item
Group 2: Those responsible for production or custodianship of group 1 entities:
Person Corporate Body
Group 3: Subjects of works: Concept Object Event Place
AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The next few slides were published in Barbara B. Tillett, “Bibliographic Relationships.” In Relationships in the Organization of Knowledge, edited by Carol A. Bean and Rebecca Green, 19-35. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
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Work
Expression
Manifestation
Item
is realized through
is embodied in
is exemplified by
Group 1
recursive
one
many
FRBR
#
Work
Expression
Manifestation
Item
Group 2
many
Person
Corporate Body
is owned by
is produced by
is realized by
is created by
FRBR
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WorkGroup 3
many
has as subject
Expression
Manifestation
Item
Person
Corporate Body
Work
Concept
Object
Event
Place
has as subject
has as subject
FRBR
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FRBR Entity Levels
Work:
Expression:
Manifestation:
The Play
Orig.Text
Transl. CriticalEdition
The Movie
Orig.Version
Paper PDF HTML
Item: Copy 1Autographed
Copy 2
Family of works
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“FRBERIZING” AACR2
A new interest in cataloging
Rule revision
AACR3
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“FRBERIZING” A RULE
1.5A3 If an item is available in different formats (e.g., as text and microfilm; as sound disc and sound tape reel), give the physical description of the format in hand.
1.5A3 If manifestations of a work are available in different formats…
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“FRBERIZING” RELATIONSHIPS
CollocationWhen is a work or an expression a
new work or expression?RelatorsAuthority Control in AACR3
EQUIVALENT
Cataloging Rulescut-off point
Same work New work
DERIVATIVE DESCRIPTIVE
Parody
Revis ion
Translat ion
Crit icism
Variations or versions
Editions SummaryAbstractDigest
Annotated edition
Expurgatededition
DramatizationNovelizat ion
Free translation
Imitations
Evaluation
Review
Casebook
Commentary
Abridgededition
Arrangement
ScreenplayLibrettoIllustrated
edition
Sl ight modifications Adaptat ions
Change of genre
Original
Same style o r thematic content
Microformreproduction
Copy
Exactreproduction
Facsimile
Reprint
Simultaneous“publication”
Same Expression New Expression
Work
New Work B. TillettDec. 2001
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GMDS & MODES OF EXPRESSION
Alpha-numericMusic notationOther notation (e.g., choreographic)SoundStill image or Moving ImageThree-dimensional objectCombinations of above
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UNIFORM TITLES, OR THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET
Collocation
Differentiation
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FRBR & THE OPAC
OCLC Fiction FinderRLG RedLightGreenVTLS Virtua
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OCLC FICTION FINDER
Prototype system for searching and browsing fiction
Clustered at the work levelOrganized by work and expression
http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/frbr/fictionfinder.htm
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Fiction Finder result set display
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Fiction Finder record display
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
RedLightGreen and FRBR
NOT a FRBR implementation– Realities of the Rock and the Hard Place
FRBR Group 1 Entities invaluable during planning– Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item– Common language– Precisely defined concepts
FRBR and RedLightGreen in a nutshell– Mission: Make the Union Catalog relevant to undergraduates– Reduce the number of editions on the results screen– Use FRBR concepts such as Work, Expression and
Manifestation to discuss how records should cluster
– http://www.redlightgreen.com/
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
RedLG: Title Cluster
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
RedLG: Editions
~ FRBR Manifestation– “With the entity defined as manifestations we can describe the
physical characteristics of a set of items […] enabling users to choose a manifestation appropriate to their […] needs” (FRBR 22)
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Get it [at your library] example
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VIRTUA BY VTLS
Separate records for work, expression, manifestation & item in a tree structure
"peaceful co-existence" of a FRBR and non-FRBR records
Universite catholique de Louvain (UCL) went live in Jan. 2004
www.vtls.com/documents/FRBR.PPT
A Super (or Supra) Work is a record that
has other works (sub works) related to it
For example, the novel Beau Geste by P. C.
Wren is one FRBR Work, and the several
movies that have been created from the
book are also separate FRBR Works. The
Super work is an artificial creation that
links all these related works together
Super Work
Super Work
The Workrecord for the“Super” Work of Beau Geste
Super Work
The treeexpanded to
show the“sub works”of the Super
Work
The Workrecord forthe novel
(a sub workof the Super
Work)
Super Work
The treeexpanded to
show theExpression
andManifestations
of the 1939movie
TheExpression
record for the1939 movie
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MORE FRBR
Pre-conference at ALA Annual 2004 in Orlando.
Back to the Future: Understanding the Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records Model (FRBR) and its Impact on Users, OPACS, and Knowledge Organization
Sponsored by VTLS & Blackwell's Book Services
Thursday and Friday, June 24-25, 2004