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Punjab is the major agriculturist state of India. It performs great role to make India as a food

surplus country. First Green revolution in India was come due to huge grain production in Punjab

and western utter Pradesh. Now large number of government, cooperative and private institutes

are performing their role to give the new direction to agriculture sector of Punjab. These

institutions are organizing various types of agriculture events. FARMER FAIRS (kissan melas)

are most successful and attractive event among them. First farmer fair in Punjab was organized

by Punjab Agriculture University in 1963 after one year of its establishment. It was inauguratedby first vice chancellor Sh. P.N. Thappar. Farmer fairs are playing an important role to give the

new direction to the Punjab agriculture industry. At present, Farmer fairs are organized by

various government (PAU, GADVASU & Agriculture Department) and non government

(Progressive dairy farmers association, Kheti virasat mission & Agro Tech) institutions in

various cities of Punjab. PAU organized farmer fairs in university campus at Ludhiana and its

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other regional centers at Amritsar, Bullowal Kheri ( Sheed Bhgat Singh Nagar ), Gurdaspur ,

Rouni (Patiala) and Bathinda. KVM, PDFA and Agro Tech are also organized farmer fairs at

Jaiton, Jagraon & Chandigarh respectively. Through the farmer fairs PAU remains connect with

farmers. This initiation of PAU was got positive remarks after very short time of its

commencement. When the first green revolution in India was occurred and the reason behind

was huge grain production in Punjab. The motive of these farmer fairs are to make aware the

farmers about new techniques of farming, introducing new farm machinery and also provide a

platform to farmers for communicating their problems with agriculture scientist, farm machinery

manufacturers and representatives of government departments. Punjab farmer fairs are popular at

national and international level. In every year farmers from abroad and also from other Indian

states like Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal, U.P, Maharashtra, M.P, etc have visit different farmer

fairs of Punjab. On the farmer fairs farmers are getting information about new scientific farming

technique, new farm machinery and purchasing new varieties of seeds. Farmer fairs are

organized in March and September months of every year. Because in both months farmers are

free and after completion of these both months harvesting and seeding/ planting seasons are

starts in Punjab. So, On these farmer fairs, farmers purchasing new variety of seeds, getting

information about new harvesting/ seeding techniques, machinery, procurement of crops/output

and communicate their farming problems and experience of various farming techniques and

machinery with agriculture scientist and fellow farmers which shell helpful for them for new

crop season. The main motive of farmer fairs is to provide every kind of farming information to

the farmers. Even now online help lines are also introduced by agriculture department for

providing information to farmers but farmer fairs are still very important events for providing

agri information. Because in farmer fairs, agriculture scientist and experts are face to face

communicate with farmers. Thus they are able to know the exact problems which farmers are

facing. Due to passage of right information between agriculture scientists and farmers large

numbers of agriculture research programs are being successful.

At present, Punjab agriculture industry is rapidly moving toward high- tech and scientific

farming techniques as compare to other agriculturist states of India. Farmer fairs play an

important role in this process. At the farmer fairs, farmers interact with farm machinery

manufacturer. Thus they are able to know the new technology farm machines and their effective

operating criteria. At the farmer fairs, large number of farm machinery manufacturers displays

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their farm equipments. Farmer fairs provide an effective platform to small scale farm machinery

manufacturers for promotion of their products because they cannot able to use expensive means

of advertisements to attract the farmers. Consequently large numbers of farm machinery

manufacturing plants are still running in Punjab. The biggest example of this is the establishment

of 56 heavy harvesting machine manufacturing plants in Malerkotla, Nabh, Bhadson and in

Patiala areas of the Punjab. Wherever in rest of the other Indian states have only 25 heavy

machinery manufacturing plants. Out of 56 plants 54 plants are comes under with small scale

industry and run by domestic entrepreneurs. So we can say farmer fairs are also helpful for

promoting allied industries in the state.

Now the focus of farmers at farmer fairs is shifted from seed purchasing to new high tech farm

machinery. Because after introducing FDI in agriculture fertilizer and seed procurement industrylarge number of foreign players are offered high yield variety seeds in market. This is reducing

the dependability of farmers on university for seeds. Now most of the farmers are visit farmer

fairs for getting information about new scientific farming techniques and watching, purchasing

new farm machines. Now farmers are much attracted toward new farming machinery because

they have feel the new machinery is single solution of their bundle problems, like:- shortage of

farm labour, uncertain whether conditions and rainfall, expensive means of production and scare

resources, etc. thus they give more importance to new machinery for reducing farm expenses and

time. Now large proportion of agriculture industry of Punjab is become machinery dependant. It

is impossible to make the conception of present agriculture industry of Punjab. Due to rising the

demand of agro products and emphasis of product quality enlarge the use of high tech machinery

in agriculture industry. This year so many new farming machines are introduced by various

players in PAU farmer fair. PAU farmer fair have played a vital role in strengthening the state's

economy. The fair turn out to be a platform for entrepreneurs, corporate houses and multinational

companies. They put their products on display and make a healthy profit.

Pashu Palan Mela at Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University too is a big

draw. Entrepreneurs put up stalls and both the universities earn good revenue. Six progressive

farmers will be honoured during the mela. Gulzar Singh Ranike, Cabinet Minister, Animal

Husbandry, Fisheries, Dairy Development and SC/BC Welfare, Punjab, inaugurated the mela on

September 13 at 10.30 am.

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The major attractions would be agro-industrial exhibition, soil and water testing, diagnosis of

disorders in plant samples, field demonstrations, sale of farm literature/hybrid seeds and farmers'

interaction with experts.

Following is the detail of new farming machines are introduced by various manufacturers in

light of present and future requirements of Punjab farming sector :-

Heavy duty tractors

Due to raising the demand of heavy duty tractors in agriculture sector all major tractor

manufacturer companies in India now starts introducing their heavy duty tractors in Punjab. Price

of heavy tractors starts from Rs. 11 lacks.

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Maize harvester

Now Punjab government starts promoting maize farming in Punjab for reducing the area under

paddy plantation. But shortage farm labour for maize harvesting is the major barrier. So large

number of harvesting machine manufacturers of Punjab like Dasmesh combines, Kartar

Combines, Preet agri works, Claas combines, Swaraj combines, Johndeere agro solution , etc

launched their maize harvesters. At PAU farmer fair maize harvesting machines were success to

attract farmers toward them. Farmers have seen highly interested in these machines. The price of

maize harvester is around Rs. 16 lacks to Rs 20 lacks of various brands.

Drip irrigation

Drip irrigation, also known as trickle irrigation or micro irrigation or localized irrigation, is

anirrigation method that saves water and fertilizer by allowingwater to drip slowly to

theroots of plants, either onto thesoil surface or directly onto theroot zone,through a network

ofvalves,pipes,tubing,andemitters.It is done through narrow tubes that deliver water directly

to the base of the plant. Its not a new technique but PAU along with private pl ayers launches it

again with attractive sachems. This technique is most suitable irrigation technique in horticulture.

It reduces the wastage of irrigation water up 95 %. To attract the farmers Government provides

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50% subsidy on installation cost and free electric pump connection.

Sprinklers Irrigation technique

Irrigation sprinklers are sprinklers providing water to vegetation, or for recreation, as a cooling

system, or for the control of airborne dust. It is mainly used in areas that has shortage of water

and also where excess of humidity in soil. 50 % subsidy on installation cost and free electric

pump connection benefits also available on sprinklers Irrigation technique. This is most suitable

irrigation technique for potato and vegetable crops.

Tractor Driven sprayer

Its a new technique sprayer pumps. It is also called PTO driven sprayer pumps because they are

drive through PTO (power take of) shaft. Its have an amazing features, like: - ability to spray on

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sugarcane and fruit plants, less time consumption, flexible sprayer pipe, etc.

Laser leveler

Laser Guided Land Leveller is new invention in the field of agriculture which is operated with

the help of Laser Transmitter and Receiver. The field levelled by Laser Guided Land Leveller is

accurate and on same level. It saves water consumption as well as time. Laser land leveller is

leveling the field within certain degree of desired slope using a guided laser beam throughout the

field. Unevenness of the soil surface has a significant impact on the germination, stand and yield

of crops. Farmers also recognize this and therefore devote considerable time resources in

leveling their fields properly. However, traditional methods of leveling land are cumbersome,

time consuming as well as expensive. It is used in combination with a sensor on a wheel tractor-

scraper in the process of land laser leveling to bring land to near-flatness with a slight grade

fordrainage

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Rotavator

It is a cultivator used for secondarytillage.One sense of the name refers to frames with teeth

that pierce the soil as they are dragged through itlinearly.Another sense refers to machines that

userotary motion of disks or teeth to accomplish a similar result. Tis technique is helpful for the

farmers for cultivation , preparing puddler, and seed drilling. It is used for shallow tilling and

covering on the Stalinized soil to prevent the salt in the soil. The machine will fulfill the working

of cleaning stubbles and weeds, turning and covering green fertilizer and preparing vegetable

fields etc. it helps to reduce the drilling expenses by cultivating and drilling simultaneously and

also reduce the time consumption while seeding.

Sugarcane harvester

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Milk parlor

Major dairy equipment manufacturer company Delaval introduces its milk parlor system in

Punjab for the commercial dairy farmers. Company introduced its two parlors parallel parlor and

round parlor for cow and buffalo milking. Parlor system is much more effective than milking

machines because in this system minimum 12 cows are milking simultaneously. Which will

helps to reduce the milking time consumption at dairy farms. Both milk parlor systems are

includes various features like:- comfort start for fast cluster attachment, galvanized sequence

gates with internal returns, etc.

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TMR mixer machine

Delaval and other dairy equipments manufacturers are also introduced TMR mixer machines for

feeding cattle at dairy farms. Expensive labour and Shortage of labour is the major problem in

dairy industry. So farmers are moving toward machines for replace labour with new automated

machines at dairy farms. In light of huge demand of dairy machinery various manufacturing

players introduce European techniques dairy machines at Punjab dairy market and get

remarkable response from the farmers. TMR is a automated mixer machine which helps to feed

the cattle without any labour involvement at dairy farms.

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Forage harvesters

John deere agro solution limted ant Italian manufacturer fergussan introduce their Forage

harvesters. John deere forge harvester is self-propelled units and fergussan harvester is operated

by tractor. In john deere harvester a drum is attached for forage carrying and in fergussanharvester a wagon has connected to the harvester or to another vehicle driving alongside.

Farmers can save huge labour cost and time with this forage harvester.

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G D R PHOTO