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PROCEEDINGS,Twenty-Fourth Workshop on GeothermalReservolrEngineeringStanford University, Stanford, Cahfornia, January 25-27, 1999SGP-TR-162

INVESTIGATION OF RECHARGE OF MUTNOVSKY GEOTERMAL

FIELD WITH USE THE ISOTOPE OXYGEN (O'*),HYDROGEN(D)AND TRITIUM (T) DATA.

A.V. Kiryukhin*, M.Takahashi**, A.Yu. Polyakov*, M.D.Lesnykh** - Institute of Volcanology, Far East Division Russia AS, P iip 9,

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006

** - Geological Survey of J apan, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305, J apanABSTRACT

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Based on the isotopic analysises offluids from wells and meteoric waters ofMutnovsky geotermal field (0l8,D and T) isdrawn a conclusion that water from meltingglacier of the crater of the Mutnovskyvolcano may be a source of recharge ofgeotermal fluids of Dachnny and Verhne-Mutnovsky site of the Mutnovsky geotermalfield of Kamchatka.

1. INTRODUCTIONDevelopment of the Kamchatka geothermalfields :Mutnovsky (from 12MWe to 80MWe)and Pauzhetsky ( from 11MWe to 25 Mwe )should be accomplished with appropriatestable isotope ( D , Oq8 ) monitoringprogramme to identify recharge of cold andreinjected water ,high temperature fluid up-flow zones in geothermal reservoir and todesign optimal exploitation load.

T,D and Oq8sampling of the Dachny site ofthe Mutnovsky geothermal field wasperformed in 1986-1990( including long termmulti-well flow tests period ) [2,5,6,8]. Newproduction wells ( 048, 049N and 055) weredrilled last years in Verkhne-Mutnovsky siteof the Mutnovsky geothermal field, wherepilot plant 12 MWe was decided to buildbased on wells aforementioned above. So ,our studies in Mutnovsky field were focusedon Verkhne Mutnovsky site , where

additional flow tests and corresponding fluidsampling were performed (Fig.1).

2.DESCRIPTION OF RESEARCH CARRIEDOUT

Following studies were conducted :

Fluid sampling from production wells049N and 048 was performed during flow testperiod , as well as sampling of snow , andmeteoric water, and well 014 ( Dachny site )was made (Table 1,2,3) . D , 0l8 andchemistry analysis were executed inGeothermal Department of the GeologicalSurvey of J apan. Analysis of all available D ,Oq8 and T data (Taran, 1986 ,Table 4,Kiryukhin,1993,1995) was performed tounderstand possible mechanizm of rechargein the Mutnovsky geothermal field.

D, 0l8 and chemistry data (Table 1) fromwells 045 ,01, 014, 1, 24 (Dachny ) and 037,048 , 049N (Verkhne-Mutnovsky) were usedtoo to identify high temperature upflow zonesin geothermal reservoir and to confirmpossible flows directions.

3. RESULTS OBTAINED

3.1 MECHANIZM OF RECHARGE IN THEMUTNOVSKY GEOTHERMAL FIELD

All sampling from wells wasperformed using liquid part of two phasemixture derived from James tank after singlestep separation under atmosphericconditions. According to Arnason, 1976,we

used the following correction for steamlosses:

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products of hiding a glacier , diluted by theatmospheric precipitation .)Note, there is no other possible places inarea to be considered as recharge areas forgeothermal fluids of Dachny and VerkhneMutnovsky. Although Gorely volcano top is1812 mas1 ,almost all caldera floor is lowerthan +200 masl, and there is no low tritiumsource inside caldera (17 TE) , becausethere is no glaciers in caldera. Othermountains in area : Skalistaya andDvugorbaya are to low ( less than 1.4 km ) tobe considered as possible recharge areas ,and there is no glaciers ( low tritium sources) on those mountains too.

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3.2 HIGH TEMPERATURE UPFLOW ZONESIN GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR ANDPOSSIBLE FLOWS DIRECTIONS

The Truesdell NalK geothermometer(Fournier, 1981) and CIlSQ4ratio were usedto identify possible high temperature upflowzones in the field and to trace circulationpatterns, by following the path of increasingtemperatures (Table1) . At current time, twosuch zones were confirmed :1). Main upflowzone ( aroundWells 01 and 045) with TNaK upto 303 'C, CI/S04 up to 4.83 and 2) North-East-2 upflow zone ( around well 048 ) withTNa-~up to 270OC, andCI/S04up to 2.04.

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Wells 0 1 4 1 --> 014 --> 24 are tracingascending part of circulation pattern fromMain upflow zone (CIIS04decrease from 3.06to 0.93) . Circulation patterns aroundNorth-East 2 upflow zone are not clear at currenttime :there may be in two directions :048 -->049N and 048 -->037 (CIlS04decrease from2.04 toI.83 - 2.01)).CONCLUSIONS

1.Water from melting glacier in the crater ofthe Mutnovsky volcano is a very possiblerecharge area of geothermal fluids of Dachnyand Verkhne Mutnovsky site of theMutnovsky geothermal field.

2.Additional isotopic ( D 0'' and T ) studiesof meteoric waters in the crater of Mutnovskyvolcano may be usefull to completly confirmidea, concluded above.

3. Simulation of more reliable rechargeconditions in the model - allow us to morerealistic 3-D numerical model andgeothermal potential assesment of theMutnovsky field.

This work was supported under IAEA grantRC 8981

References:

Arnason 8. (1976) Hydrothermal Systems inIceland Traced by Deuterium / Geothermics,1976,V01.5, No114 p.140-144 -Asaulova N.P., et al (1994) "Reinjection SitesExploration on the Mutnovsky GeothermalField (1988-1993)" in 2 volumes, Termalny.(in Russian)

Fournier,R.O.(1981) Application of watergeochemistry to geothermalexploration andreservoir engineering. In: GeothermalSystems. Principles and Case Histories(Edited by Rybach L. and MufflerL.J .P.)pp.109-143.Kiryukhin A.V. and Sugrobov V.M. (1987)Heat and Mass Transfer Models of theHydrothermal Systems Kamchatka / IMoskow, "Nauka" Publishers ,149 p. (inRussian)

Kiryukhin A.V,Perveev S.L.,Gusev D.N.(1992) "HydrothermaI Reservoir Diag nost cson the Basis of Tracer Tests andGeochemistry Studies (with the MutnovskyGeothermal Fie!d as an Example)" I/Volcanologia I Seismologia, N 3 ,p.45-61.(inRussian)

A.V.Kiryukhin (1993) High Temperature FluidFlows in the Dachny Field of the MutnovskyHydrothermal System,Russia /I Geothermics22, p.49-64.A.V.Kiryukhin (1995) Geochemistry andIsotope Applications to ReservoirEngineering of the Mutnovsky andPauzhetsky Geothermal Fields , Kamchatka ,Russia /I Advisory Group Meeting on IsotopeApplications in Geothermal EnergyDevelopment,AG-909 , AEA Vienna.A.V.Kiryukhin (1996) Modeling Studies: theDachny Geothermal Reservoir , Kamchatka,Russia/I Geothermics,Vo1.25, No.1, p.63-90.

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Taran Y.A.,Pilipenko V.P.,Rozhkov A.M. Taran Y.A.,Yesikov A.D., CheshkoA.L . (1986)(1986) Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ga ses Deuterium and Oxige n- I8 in Waters in theand Fluids in Mutno vsky Hydrothermal Mut n ovsky Geothermal Reg ion, K a m chat kaS y s t e m / / in: Geochemical and Geothermal / I Geochem. lnt.,v.23 ,No 8 ,p.50-60.Methods of High Temperature Thermal FieldInvestigation. Nauka, Moskow p.140- 189 (InRussian).

Table 1. Some Chemistry and Termodynamic Properties of Fluids ( water after separation inJames tank at atmospheric conditions ) from Wells of Mutnovsky Geothermal Field -(i n PPm).

Not es: 1.Entha lpy-Disc ha rge data and Chemistry data ofwell 045 fromAsaulovaN.P. et a1 (1994)2 .Che mis t ry analy sis (1988-1993) were made in the Central Chemistry Laboratory ofth e

3.Che mis t ry analysis (1995-1996) we re made in the Geological Survey ofJapan by Mr.4.Sa mpl ing of wells except ofmentioned in 1). were made by

Institute ofVolcanology by V.MarynovaTaka hash A.V.Kiryukhin(1986-1993)


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Sample Date Well 6D%o

Notes: 1.Samples were collected byA.Kiryukhin,A.Polyakov &M.Lesnykh (InstituteofVolcanology2. Analysis of samples markedas MK95-**3. Analysis ofsamples markedasMK883 was performed byV.Polyakov & A.Bobkov (All

MK96- was performed by)M.Takahashi (Geological SurveyofJ apan)Union Hydrogeological Institute,Moskow)

6 0 % 0 Enthalpyk Steam losesJ lkg corrected

Sample

MK96-4MK96-6MK96-8MK96-10MK96-14MK96-19MK96-20MK96-24MK88-157Notes:I.Samples were collected byA.Kiryukhin,A.Polyakov & M.Lesnykh (Institute of Volcanology)M.Takahashi (Geological Survey of J apan)Union Hydrogeological Institute ,Moskow)

2. Analysis of samples marked as MK95-**& MK96-* was performed by3. Analysis of sample marked asMK88-157 was performed byV.Polyakov&A.Bobkov (All

Date Location 6D %O 80 %O10.02.96 Snow-Dachny -105 -15.019.02.96 Snow-Dachny -163 -21.926.02.96 Snow-Dachny -77+ -13.64.03.96 Snow-Dach ny -147 -19.524.04.96 Snow-Dachny -73 -10.729.05.96 Snow-DachnyF -100 -13.831.05.96 Snow-VMutnov -100 -12.117.08.96 Creek-VMutno -88 -12.108.88 Creek-Dachny -99 -14.1


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Table 4 Isotop e compo siti on of meteoric waters ofMutnovsky geothermal field ( Y.Taran, et al ,1986 )

T7

T8T9T I0T I 1

08.83 Creek-craterof -101 -14.4Mutnovsky

Snow-Gore ly -76 -12.108.83 Rain-Dachny -82 -11 o04.83 Snow-Dachny -83 -12.907.82 Creek-Mutnov -124 -17.4

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Fig.? Schematic map ofthe Mutnovsky geothermal field- wells- thermal manifestations------.--Ifracture system planes

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