KINGDOM PLANTAE Vascular Plants Vascular Plants Phylum Phylum Tracheophyta Tracheophyta Seeds Seeds Subphylum Subphylum Spermopsida Spermopsida Seeds Seeds ‘naked ‘naked ’ ’ Seeds Seeds enclosed enclosed Class Class Gymnospermidia Gymnospermidia Sub Class Sub Class Liliopsida Liliopsida MONOCOTS MONOCOTS Sub Class Sub Class Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida DICOTS DICOTS Class Class Angiospermidia Angiospermidia
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KINGDOM PLANTAE Vascular Plants Phylum Tracheophyta Seeds Subphylum Spermopsida Seeds ‘naked’ Seeds enclosed Class Gymnospermidia Sub Class Liliopsida.
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• Protective covering around embryo (seed) – can survive winter
• Improved conducting tissue: thicker and stronger xylem. Became taller.
Class AngiospermidiaClass Angiospermidia ‘enclosed seeds’ (flowering plants)
1. Evolved (from a Gingko like tree) approximately 135 135 million years ago in the JURASSIC ERA.million years ago in the JURASSIC ERA.
2. 235,000 to 300,000 species235,000 to 300,000 species (90% of Kingdom Plantae)
3. UbiquitousUbiquitous (found everywhere)
4. Not as dependent on wind as a means of reproduction. This greatly increased their chances of survival.
5. Made improvements in reproduction to occupy areas vacated by the ferns. Adapted to more moderate climates.
PISTILPISTIL (female) is made up of:
STAMENSTAMEN (male) is made up of:
• Stigma – sticky and ‘catches’ pollen
• Style – carries pollen to the ovary
• Ovary – contains the eggs.• Ovule – surrounds the eggs
• Anthers – produce pollen• Filament – raises anthers
in the air
6. Seeds borne within a carpelcarpel
Protection: a leaf like structure that encloses the seed.
7. Pollen on a simple stamenimple stamen:
• Small amount of pollen as compared to conifers.
• Less energy required.
• More energy is in the flower to ensure precise cross-pollination.
8. ACCESSORY ORGANS8. ACCESSORY ORGANS: function in attracting the ‘VECTOR’ (pollinator/ seed distributor) with colour, odor and nectar.• Petal: brightly coloured to attract vector
• Sepal: ‘leaves’; protects flower when it’s closed up• Receptacle: releases odour• Nectar: found at the base of the ovary
9. Leaves: reticulate or parallel venation9. Leaves: reticulate or parallel venation
11. More developed 11. More developed vascular tissue vascular tissue (xylem and (xylem and phloem)phloem)
Wolffia plants also produce the world's smallest flower, a bouquet of one dozen plants will easily fit on the head of a pin and two Wolffia angusta plants in full bloom will fit inside a small printed letter "o" on this page.
CHECK IT OUT!CHECK IT OUT! http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0601.htm#seed
BOTANICAL BOTANICAL RECORD BREAKERSRECORD BREAKERS
(ie: smallest flowering plant)
Table Of Contents:
1. The World's Oldest Living Thing 2. The World's Oldest Living Fossil
3. The World's Most Massive Living Thing 4. The World's Tallest Tree
5. The World's Hardest & Heaviest Wood 6. The World's Smallest Flowering Plant
7. The World's Smallest And Largest Fruit 8. The World's Largest Vegetable
9. The World's Smallest And Largest Seed10. Longest Distance Traveled By Drift Seed
11. World's Fastest Reproducing Plants12. The World's Fastest Growing Plants
13. The World's Deadliest Plants14. Most Painful Botanical Encounters
15. World's Most Valuable Plant Jewels16. Go To Diversity Of Flowering Plants