KINEMATICs OF RECTILINEAR MOTION/motion in one dimension 1. DISTANCE and DISPLACEMENT 2. SPEED and VELOCITY A. AVERAGE SPEED and AVERAGE VELOCITY B. INTANTANEOUS VELOCITY and INSTANTANEOUS SPEED 3. ACCELERATION 4. RECTILINEAR MOTION A. DESCRIBING RECTILINEAR MOTION WITH EQUATION 1. UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION 2. ACCELERATED UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION 3. VERTICAL MOTION: Upward Vertical Motion Downward Vertical Motion Free Fall Motion B. DESCRIBING RECTILINEAR MOTION WITH GRAPH 1
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KINEMATICs OF RECTILINEAR MOTION/motion in one dimension
1. DISTANCE and DISPLACEMENT
2. SPEED and VELOCITYA. AVERAGE SPEED and AVERAGE VELOCITY
B. INTANTANEOUS VELOCITY and INSTANTANEOUS SPEED
3. ACCELERATION
4. RECTILINEAR MOTION
A. DESCRIBING RECTILINEAR MOTION WITH EQUATION
1. UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION
2. ACCELERATED UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION
3. VERTICAL MOTION:
Upward Vertical Motion
Downward Vertical Motion
Free Fall Motion
B. DESCRIBING RECTILINEAR MOTION WITH GRAPH 1
2
• DISTANCE: Length of path travelled by object during a motion
• DISPLACEMENT: The change position of an object at a certain time
1. DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT
1. An object moves in line with x axis direction as shown in the figure below.- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A DBX (m)
C
Find:
a. Distance and displacement of object moves from C to A
b. Distance and displacement of object moves from B to A and back to C
c. Distance and displacement of object moves from C to D and back to A
2. Sprinter running to the east as far as 80 m and then turn to the north direction
as far as 60 m before he finally stops. Find displacement and distance
travelled by sprinter.
3. A particle moves in circular path with radius 14 m. Determine the object’s
distance and displacement when moves:
a. once round
b. half round
c. quarter round
d. 1/6 round
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
3
2. SPEED AND VELOCITY“speed is scalar quantity, velocity is vector quantity”
A. AVERAGE SPEED and AVERAGE VELOCITY
taken timetotal
travelleddistance totalspeed Average
t
sv
s = distance (m)
t = time (s)
v = speed (m/s)
taken timetotal
ntdisplaceme velocityAverage
t
sv
Δs = displacement (m)
t = time interval(s)
= average velocity (m/s)v 4
1. A motorist drives north for 30 minutes at 72 km/h and then stops for 30 minutes. He then
continues north, traveling 130 km in 2 hours and then he turn to south travelling 50 km in 1
hour
a. What is his total displacement?
b. What is his average velocity?
c. What is his average speed?
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
A B
C
6 km
8 km
Find:
a. Average speed of car
b. Average velocity of car
2. A car moved from A to B in 10 minutes, and continues to C in 5 minutes.
Look at the picture!
3. A toy car moves from A to D through B and C in 10 s .
Find : a. The average speed
b. The average velocity
AB
C D
12 m
9 m
6 m
5
B. INSTANTANEOUS VELOCITY and INSTANTANEOUS
SPEED
® INSTANTANEOUS VELOCITY is the velocity
measured at a particular moment or average velocity in
time interval towards zero
dt
ds
t
svv
tt
00limlim
Instantaneous is derivation
of position (s) against time (t)
Instantaneous velocity is
gradient of the s-t graph
® INSTANTANEOUS SPEED is the magnitude of the
instantaneous velocity
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3. ACCELERATION
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“the change velocity divided by time interval”
A. AVERAGE ACCELERATION
interval time
velocityof changeonaccelerati average
0
0
tt
vv
t
va
t
t
a : average acceleration (m/s2)
vt : final velocity (m/s)
v0 : initial velocity (m/s)
tt : final time (s)
t0 : initial time (s)
Speed= 0 4 m/s 8 m/s 12 m/s 16 m/s 20 m/s
NOTice: if an object moves with constant velocity, average velocity is the
same as instantaneous velocity
if an object moves with constant acceleration, average acceleration
is the same as instantaneous acceleration
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dt
dv
t
vaa
tt
00limlim
B. INSTANTANEOUS ACCELERATION is the acceleration
measured at a particular moment or average acceleration