Slide 1 / 129 Kindergarten Weather & Climate 2015-12-16 www.njctl.org Slide 2 / 129 Table of Contents Click on the topic to go to that section · Weather · Describing Weather · Recording Weather - Season I · Temperature · Wind · Clouds · Rain · Seasons · Sky observations · Wind Speed and Direction · Temperature · Precipitation · Recording Weather Season II · Snow · Analyzing Data Slide 3 / 129
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Transcript
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Kindergarten
Weather & Climate
2015-12-16
www.njctl.org
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Table of Contents
Click on the topic to go to that section
· Weather· Describing Weather
· Recording Weather - Season I
· Temperature· Wind· Clouds· Rain
· Seasons
· Sky observations· Wind Speed and Direction· Temperature· Precipitation
Weather is the combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region at a particular time. People measure these conditions to describe and record the weather and to notice patterns over time.
The students will first use terms and instruments to describe weather conditions.
Then the students will record weather conditions for two different seasons. After the second season, students will compare recorded data.
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Weather
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Weather
Weather affects us all.
On a sunny day we can go outside.
If it is rainy - we stay indoors.
If we know what the weather is likely to be we can make better plans.
Climate is the typical weather that occurs over a particular region of the Earth.
We are going to study the weather that occurs where you live.
Describing Weather
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Temperature
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Describing WeatherTemperature
It takes heat to make the weather. Heat from the sun warms the land and the water. The land and water warms the air. Temperature - how hot or cold is the air?
The most common weather instrument is the thermometer.
The thermometer is an instrument used for measuring temperature.
When the temperature goes up (it gets warmer) the indicator rises.The indicator is the red line.
When the temperature goes down (gets colder) the indicator moves down.
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Describing WeatherTemperature
How do we react to warm and cold air?
When it gets cold, we bring our arms and legs close to our bodies to stay warm. We shrink (get smaller). The thermometer does the same thing. When it gets colder outside the red line (indicator) shrinks.
When it is warm, we stand tall and stretch our arms to feel the warmth.The indicator on the thermometer also rises when the air is warmer.
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Describing WeatherTemperature Lab
We are going to observe how the indicator moves.
Materials - two bowls ice warm water thermometer
bowls ice warm water thermometer
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Put ice in one of the bowls and warm water in the other.Place the thermometer in the "ice" bowl.Look at the red indicator.Now place the thermometer in the "warm water" bowl.Look at the red indicator.How did the indicator change?
Describing WeatherTemperature Lab
ice
warm water
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ice warm water
Describing WeatherTemperature Lab
Draw indicator line onthermometer to show
how it moved.
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Describing WeatherTemperature
Discovery Center ActivitySet up the materials from previous page at discovery center. Let the children explore on their own.
bowls ice warm water thermometer
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Materials:Paper Square
Cold Water
Food Coloring
Markers
Glass Bottle
black red blue
Describing Weather LabBuild a Simple Thermometer
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LabSimple Thermometer
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4. Cut two slits in the paper square. Slide it over the straw. Use black marker to mark the level of the water. Black shows a normal temperature.
5. Put the thermometer in a warm place. Leave for a while. Mark the new level with red marker. Red mark shows a warmer temperature.
6. Put the thermometer in a refrigerator. Leave for a while. Mark the new level with the blue marker. Blue mark shows a cooler temperature.
LabSimple Thermometer
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Describing WeatherTemperature
We can use a color range on our thermometer to help us understand if the air is hot or cold.
As the indicator moves up and down we can see if the air is hot, warm, cool, cold or bitter cold.
Wind begins where warm and cool air meet. When air is heated by the sun, it rises. Then cold air flows down to take the place of the air that rose.The sun heats the cold air and then it rises.Warm air expands, and cool air shrinks.As air warms and cools; rises and moves downward; sinks and stirs; this causes winds.
Winds are an important part of our weather.
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Describing WeatherWind
Winds can blow leaves, turn windmills, make chimes ring, and dry clothes hanging outside.
On a summer day you can feel a cool breeze coming in across the water.
We need the wind for some sports; like sailing a boat, wind surfing, and kite flying.
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Describing WeatherWind
Kite Activity
Activity-1. Grab a kite.2. Find large open area.3. Run with kite behind you!4. Let the kite catch the wind.5. Up it goes! Keep running!
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In the past kites where made in the shape of socks to help determine the strength and direction of the wind.Today we use windsocks at airports just like those old kites.
We use kites as toys but we do have other instruments we can use to test the wind.
Describing WeatherWind
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Describing WeatherWind Speed Device
AnemometerAnemometer - instrument used to determine how fast the wind is blowing.
It is important to measure the speed of the wind. If we have winds that are high-speed, this may cause damage.
The moving air makes the cups on the anemometer whirl around.
There is a scale on the anemometer to describe wind strength.
1.Take you paper plate and draw crossing lines on it. Where the lines cross is the center.2. Put your cups on the plate so they all face the same direction.3. Push the pin through the center into the eraser on the pencil.4. Make sure the cups can turn easily.5. Stick the pencil into the lump of modeling clay.
Using a stopwatch, count the number of times the marked cup passes around in a minute.The more times it passes in a minute, the faster the wind is blowing.
Take yourAnemometeroutside.
As the wind whips by it makes the cups turn in a circle.Their speed shows how fast the wind is blowing.
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Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
How many turns in one minute?
Recording Wind Speed
Use your anemometer for one week to record wind speed.Do you see a pattern?Which day was the wind fastest?Was there a day when there was no wind recorded?
Wind Speed Lab
Teac
her N
otes
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Describing WeatherWind Direction Device
Wind Vane Lab
We use a wind vane to determine which way the wind is blowing.
Winds move all around the planet, bringing warmer air to cooler areas and cooler air to warmer areas.Some winds blow in the same direction all year long.Others blow certain times of the day or when storms come.These winds do not always blow in the same direction.We can use a wind vane to help us figure out which way the wind is blowing.
Let's make one!
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Wind vane or Weather vane
Materials-spoolstrawpaper arrow
1. Put a long nail/pin through a spool.2. Slip a straw over the pin. The straw should be able to turn easily.3. Glue a paper arrow to one end of the straw.4. Add North, South, East, West symbols to the spool.5. Put your wind vane outside.6. Which way is the wind blowing?
1.
2. 3.
N
W E
Wind Vane Lab
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9 Wind is a flowing movement of air.
Yes
No
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10 Wind begins when _______ .
A warm and cool air meet
B warm and warm air meet
C cool and cold air meet
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12 A wind vane can tells us which way the wind is blowing.
True
False
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Clouds
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Clouds
Clouds form from water vapor.Water vapor is a gas.We can't see it but water vapor is rising into the sky around us.When the vapor gets high in the sky, it cools down.Little drops of water form around bits of dust.When enough droplets come together, we have a cloud.
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Experiment - We will create droplets from water vapor.
- Fill a tin can with water and ice.- Set the can over a bowl of warm water.
What do you see and feel?
- Water vapor in the air will form drops on the cold can. The drops will run down the side of the can.
CloudsWater Vapor Lab
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Some clouds are thin and some are thick.Because sunlight easily passes through thin clouds, they appear bright or white.
The parts where light passes through will appear white, but the thick parts where light doesn't pass through will look gray or black.
Clouds
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Clouds Lab
Materials: jar ice cubes
warm water black paper
resealable match plastic bag
We will try to create our own cloud.
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1. Tape the black paper to back of the jar. Fill the jar 1/4 full with warm water.2. Fill the plastic bag with ice cubes and seal it shut. The bag should be able to cover top of jar. Make sure it does not fall into jar.3. Teacher should light one match and then blow it out. Wait one or two seconds before you throw it into jar.4. Quickly put the bag of ice on top of the jar. Watch as a cloud forms.
Clouds Lab
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What happened?Some of the warm water rises and evaporates.The water vapor condenses when it hits the air cooled by the ice.
Clouds - Lab
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13 Some clouds appear white because sunlight can pass through them.
Yes
No
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14 In the sky little drops of water form around bits of dust. When enough droplets come together we have _______.
A lightening B a cloud C snow
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Rain
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Rain
What do you like to do on a rainy day?
Do you stay inside or do you like to go outside and splash in the puddles?
Rain is made of drops of water.These drops are called raindrops.Raindrops can be big or small.
Clouds are filled with water.
Rain clouds have more water than they can hold.When a cloud has too much water it rains.
Rain
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When raindrops are small the rain is light. We call this a drizzle.
When raindrops are larger the rain is heavy.We call this a shower.
Meteorologists measure the amount of rain that falls during a storm.You can measure the rain by placing a container outside.This is called a rain gauge.
Rain
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Rain Gauge LabRain often falls in small amounts.It is easiest to collect rain in a small container.Meteorologists measure and report rainfall in inches(or centimeters).They read the level of water markings on a rain gauge.
Materials:· empty bottle
· masking tape
· coffee can
1.Mark a piece of masking tape with 1/2" or 1 cm intervals. 2.Place the masking tape on the empty bottle.3.When it rains, place the coffee can outside to collect the rain water.4.After the rain stops, pour the rain water from the coffee can into the small jar and read the measurement.
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When it rains, placethe coffee can outside.
After the rain stops, pour therain water into the jar and read the measurement.
Rain Gauge Lab
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Snow
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Snow
When the air is cold enough, water vapor in the air freezes before it can form drops of water.
The particles get heavy and start falling.
If the air on the way down is warm, the snow melts and falls as rain.
If the air is cold the snow doesn't melt as it falls.
1. Let the can fill with snow. Then bring it inside and let the snow melt.
2. Check the can a little later. See how little water it takes to make all that snow.
3. Pour the water into rain gauge to measure.
Snow
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15 Rain is made of drops of water. When a cloud has ______ water it rains.
A too little
B no
C too much
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16 Which instrument measures the amount of rain that falls during a storm?
A B C
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17 Light rain is a _______ .
A shower
B drizzle
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Recording Daily Weather
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This unit is set up with identical sections so the students can observe and record weather; and then compare/contrast two different seasons.
Before you begin this section you may want to create a weather journal using document activity sheets 10-15 and cover sheet #17.The children will record the data collected in their journals as you record on the slides. At the end of unit the students can use their journals to look for patterns and compare/contrast data between the two seasons.
You are going to establish a regular pattern of observing weather.You will see how the weather is the same or different each day.
You will begin a daily routine of reporting outdoor conditions.You will then gather as a group to assemble the weather information gathered by individual members.
As a group you will perceive changes occurring in a familiar location.You will look for patterns in the weather.
Exploratory LabTake the children outside for a "weather hunt".
Tell the children about specific places to look to discover the state of the weather.(Look at the trees to find signs of the wind; look for clouds in the sky; where is the sun?; are the clouds moving?)
Stand in a sunny spot. How does it feel?
Stand in a sheltered spot. How does it feel?
Other clues; Can you find ice or a puddle?Is anyone's hair moving?Does it feel different if the sun goes behind a cloud?Toss leaves into the air. What happens?Blow bubbles. Do they go up or down or otherwise.Look for shadows. What are people wearing?
Weather
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Regroup inside- lead discussion of what they saw and felt.
Students will draw "Weather Report" of something observed outside.
Weather Observations
Weather Exploratory Lab
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Recording Sky Observations
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Recording WeatherSky Observations Lab
The first thing we will do is use our observation skills to record what we see in the sky. The first week we will compare morning sky observations with afternoon sky observations.
Summer - During summer months there is a lot of heat from the sun. There can be very hot weather.
Autumn- During autumn months there is less heat than in summer but more than in the winter. So the weather is usually neither very hot nor very cold.
Winter- During winter there is only a little heat from the sun, so the weather is cold.
Spring- During spring months there is more heat from the sun than in winter, but it is not as hot as summer. The weather is pleasant and warm.
SeasonsSome places don't get the same amount of heat from the sun all the time. In the hot season they get a lot of heat. They get much less heat in the cold season.
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Seasons
Use the next two slides to identify characteristics of the four seasons.
Lead discussion as to why the pictures should be placed in winter, summer, spring, or fall.
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autumn
summer
SeasonsWhat season is it?
During this season there is a lot of heat from the sun. There can be very hot weather.
During this season there is less heat than in summer but more than in the winter.So the weather is usually neither very hot nor very cold. The leaves on trees change color.
click
click
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spring
winter
SeasonsWhat season is it?
During this season there is only a little heat from the sun, so the weather is cold. We might see snow.
During this season there is more heat from the sun than in winter, but it is not as hot as summer. The weather is pleasant and warm. The flowers start to grow.
click
click
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23 During the season of summer the temperature is _____________.
A cold
B cool
C hot
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24 During winter there is little heat from the sun so the weather is ________.
A warm
B cold
C hot
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25 Think about the weather in spring. Which would be an activity you could enjoy in the spring?
A jump rope
B swim in the ocean
C build a snowman
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Recording WeatherSeason Two
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This unit is set up with identical recording weather sections as season one. The students can observe and record weather; and then compare/contrast two different seasons.
It would be best to choose a month were the weather observations would be different from season one. Let each student record results in a weather journal, the same as season one.
When you have completed observations for another month, analyze data for the month. Then compare and contrast the data collected for the two different seasons.
Recording WeatherSeason Two
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Recording WeatherSky Observations Lab
The first thing we will do is use our observation skills to record what we see in the sky. The first week we will compare morning sky observations with afternoon sky observations.