Kim I. Mallalieu, PhD Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of the West Indies Community-Focused Mobile Innovation Michael Hosein, PhD Department of Math and Computer Science The University of the West Indies Sixth Annual Caribbean Internet Forum The Mobile Internet for Development Port of Spain October 29 – 31, 2008
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Kim I. Mallalieu, PhD Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of the West Indies Community-Focused Mobile Innovation Michael Hosein,
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Kim I. Mallalieu, PhDDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringThe University of the West Indies
Community-Focused Mobile Innovation
Michael Hosein, PhDDepartment of Math and Computer ScienceThe University of the West Indies
Sixth Annual Caribbean Internet ForumThe Mobile Internet for Development
Port of SpainOctober 29 – 31, 2008
Agenda
• Community-Focussed Innovation• The Mobile Internet and CFI• Regional Applications• Opportunities for Mobile Applications• Communications Requirements and
Service Choices• Opportunities for Mobile Access to Inet
Data• Observations• Transformations
Community Focussed Innovation
• Measured in terms of Holistic ROI (HROI): social, cultural, economic, intellectual and lifestyle impact and sustainability
•Focuses on poor and other traditionally marginalized communities, e.g. in T&T:
•17% of population estimated as poor
•As much as 4% of population may be disabled
•Develops and applies technologies, even if only modest potential for economic return, to increase information reach and impact
•Yet Caribbean mobile data use among poor limited to SMS at low levels (e.g. DIRSI 2007):
•67% mobile users of Jamaica poor surveyed•46% mobile users of T&T poor surveyed•Main barrier to use is not knowing how to use
•Internet facilitates access to existing facilities; vast and rich resources and global reach
•mInternet may leverage key resources for CFI:
Regional Mobile Data Services & Applications
• mBanking• mPayments
• SMS Push• Competition support• Mobile tv• Content subscription / Pay per use• Internet-to-phone SMS messaging
• Email• Remote sensing e.g. fleet tracking• Utilities trouble reporting
• Community Skills Bank• Student Messaging Service• Alert Retrieval Cache
Finance
Entertainment
Corporate / Operations
Humanitarian / Community-based
Alert Retrieval Cache
• SMS messaging for emergency communication
• Collaboration led by T&T’s Taran Rampersad • Used in major catastrophes, incl. tsunami,
since ’05
• Emergency no. established for sending text msgs
• Asterisk server runs scripts to receive and relay messages to email lists, websites and RSS
• SMS good for disaster as no busy signal• In disaster, SMS allows low phone battery use • Open Source implementation
• Various stigmas attached to local R&D• Only word of mouth marketing as not COTS
Observations
• Broad-reach Caribbean mobile data services utilize SMS
• Despite global trends in mobile innovations, mobile data has not empowered the Caribbean poor:
• Existing applications and services predominantly commercially-focussed
• Session-oriented and rich content services not accessible to poor (handset cost, service plans and service cost, literacy)
• Nevertheless significant scope for basic service and application innovations that link to existing online resources / have online component as step to mInet
Opportunities for Mobile Applications
Stand alone apps
Phone to •Phone
Opportunities for Mobile Applications
Wireless
Carrier
PSTN
• Device• Internet
Comms Requirements and Service Choices
Basic transfer
Push service
Basic request/responseSession-oriented
Image
Text / Voice
Rich Content
Interactivity
Content Type
SMS / EMS
USSD
GPRS
EDGE
MMS
GPRS
EDGE
GPRS
EDGE
Ready Targets for Mobile access to Inet Data
Sector Application Examples Requirements
Health m-access to Sangre Grande Poison Info Centre
Trade Regional market pricing information repository; Customs regulations, duty levels by product, etc.
Basic request / response
Transformations
Policy
• Develop m-versions of egov information (and services)• Develop CFI components of National Innovation System • Review UA policy wrt mobile etc.
Regulation
• Disallow anti-poor pay-as-you-go pricing schemes• Review service offerings to promote community-
focussed innovation activity etc.
Research
• Identify vulnerable communities and explore key opportunities for intervention to guide CFI etc.
Transformational Path• Plan and stagger Caribbean route to mInternet• mInternet CFI for Caribbean Development calls for
formal and informal collaborations: community, sector, national, regional
Thank You
Metrics to Track Innovation Success
Traditional• R&D budget as % of
annual sales• % capital invested in
innovation activities • % workforce time
dedicated to innovation• In past year / x years:
• No. new launches• No. patents filed• No. ideas submitted• % sales from
products• % of revenue from
launches• No. of entrepreneurs• Share of wealth etc
etc.
Social• Financial Sustainability• Social Impact • Scale of organization • Governance • Cost Effectiveness • Community leadership • Employment • Environment • Customer satisfaction• Public expenditure• Public procurement• Social economy• Corporate social