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Keys To Successful 21st Century Educational
Leadership
A Box With A ViewChapter 1
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
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Founded by Dr. Maria Montessori in 1907Children teach themselvesEnvironment of choice4000 U.S. Montessori schools7000 Montessori schools worldwide
Montessori theories continue to guide, affirm, and support 21st Century educators worldwide by providing a foundation that unites, inspires, and affirms their work.
What is Scientific Management Created by Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) Major changes in textile and factories during the late 18th Century (The
Industrial Revolution) Merging factories created new organizational and managerial challenges First attempt to systematically analyze human behavior in the workplace Model based on the components of a machine Workers viewed as parts of the machine Tasks broken down into smallest units Evaluating the most effective way of accomplishing each job Removal of human variability
Developed by German sociologist Max WeberUniformity of operationsDivision of laborRational allocation of tasksImpersonal orientationPromotion based on technical competenceEmployment based on merit
Began as a reaction to the publication of ‘A Nation at Risk’ - the 1983 report of the National commission on Educational ExcellenceStrong leadership by principals required for high student
expectations and effective schoolsNecessity for leadership collaboration, support of school
board and central officeChange at the building level, restructuring of personnel
roles, decentralization of budget, instruction, personnel, and shared decision-making
Group norms, shared decisions, empowerment, human potential inspired, morale centered, collaboration valued, originality encouraged, open channels of communication
Lead ContributorsLewin, Rogers, Moreno, Whyte, Homans, Follett
Open Systems, interaction, rational features, natural features, political motives, contingency driven, interdependence, integration of structure and individual
Lead ContributorsBarnard, Bakkee, Argyris, Getzels & Guba,