garments, knitwear, jute products, leather
$2.20
81.95 million
natural gas, arable land, timber, coal
4
80,915km • 30% of roads are paved • Road density: 1,661.29km of road/1,000 km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
3.2
Chittagong
Dakka
LEGEND capital port major road
clothing, rubber, footwear
$4.67
7.974 million
oil and gas, timber, gemstones, iron ore, hydropower potential, arable land
2
3,607km • 8.0677% of roads are paved • Road density: 210.42km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
3.1
LEGEND capital port major road
Sihanoukville
Phnom Penh
electrical and other machinery, apparel, furniture, textiles, integrated circuits
$4.99-$10.94 (depending on region)
806.3 million
coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, rare earth elements, hydropower potential, arable land
172
3,453,890km • 84.1102% of roads are paved • Road density: 402.25km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
4.2
LEGEND capital port major road
Beijing
Shanghai
Tianjin
Guangzhou
Qingdao
Shenzhen
Ningbo
Dalian
Xiamen
Lianyungang
Yingkou
petroleum products, vehicles, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, apparel
$2.39
501.8 million
coal, iron ore, rare earth elements, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land
76
2,537,472km • 54% of roads are paved • Road density: 1,010.08km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
4.3
LEGEND capital port major road
Mumbai
Chennai
New Delhi
Ennore
Kochi
Paradip
Tuticorin
New Mangalore
mineral fuels, electrical machinery, rubber, machine parts
$2.96-$7.98 (depending on region)
122.4 million
petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver
154
283,102km • 57.0884% of roads paved • Road density: 229.85km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
3.9
LEGEND capital port major road
Belawan
Jakarta
Bandung
Semarang
Surabaya
motor vehicles, iron and steel products, semiconductors, auto parts, power generating machinery, plastic materials
$53.91-$72.36 (depending on region)
65.98 million
fish
292
992,835km • 81.4653% of roads paved • Road density: 3,185.19km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
5.0
Kobe Nagoya
Osaka Tokyo
Yokohama
LEGEND capital port major road
semiconductors and electronic equipment, petroleum, wood products, rubber, textiles, chemicals, solar panels
$7.42-$8.06 (depending on region)
14.52 million
tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural gas
25
116,169km • 80.4478% of roads paved • Road density: 299.39km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
5.2
LEGEND capital port major road
Klang Johor
Tanjung Pelepas
Huantan
Penang
Bintulu
Kemaman
Kuala Lumpur
textiles, leather goods, sporting goods, chemicals, carpets
$3.15-$3.78 (depending on region)
63.34 million
arable land, natural gas, petroleum, coal, iron ore, copper, salt, limestone
3
185,063km • 78.1048% of roads paved • Road density: 327.55km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
3.4
Gwadar Karachi
Muhammad Bin Qasim
Islamabad
LEGEND capital port major road
semiconductors and electronic products, transport equipment, garments, copper products, petroleum products
$5.90-$7.84 (depending on region)
41.76 million
timber, petroleum, nickel, cobalt, silver, gold, salt, copper
68
61,093km • 28.2332% of roads paved • Road density: 710.50km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
3.5
Manila
Subic Bay
Batangas
Iloilo Cebu
Davao
LEGEND capital port major road
machinery and equipment, pharmaceuticals and chemicals, refined petroleum products, foodstuffs and beverages
N/A; no minimum wage. Rates are determined by the open market.
3.611 million
fish, deep-water ports
2
3,425km • 100% of roads are paved • Road density: 4,746.82km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
6.2
Jurong Singapore
LEGEND capital port major road
semiconductors, petrochemicals, automobiles, ships, wireless communication equipment, flat-screen displays, steel, electronics, plastics, computers
$40.66
26.91 million
coal, tungsten, graphite, lead, hydropower potential
17
83,199km • 79.2500% of roads are paved • Road density: 1,033.18km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
4.5
LEGEND capital port major road
Ulsan
Busan
Incheon
Masan
Gunsan
Mokpo Gwangyang
Seoul
textiles and apparel, rubber, coconut products
$2.69
8.928 million
limestone, graphite, minerals, gems, clay, hydropower, arable land
4
16,6997km • 14.8975% of roads are paved • Road density: 1,400.81km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
4.2
Colombo
LEGEND capital port major road
semiconductors, petrochemicals, automobiles, ships, wireless communication equipment, flat-screen displays, steel, electronics, plastics, computers
$29.33
11.64 million
coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, asbestos, arable land
6
42,078km • 98.9605% of roads are paved • Road density: 1,152.72km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
4.2
LEGEND capital port major road
Kaohsiung
Taichung Hualien
Keelung
Taipei
automobiles, computers, jewelry, refined fuels, electronic integrated circuits, chemical products
$8.66
38.55 million
tin, rubber, natural gas, tungsten, timber, lead, fish, arable land
21
177,352km • 98.5% of roads are paved • Road density: 350.90km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
3.7
Bangkok Laem Chabang Sattahip Map Ta Phut
LEGEND capital port major road
LEGEND capital port major road
clothes, shoes, electronics, wooden products, machinery
$4.56-$5.15 (depending on region)
54.45 million
coal, rare earth elements, offshore oil and gas deposits, timber, hydropower, arable land
15
148,338km • 75.8886% of roads are paved • Road density: 517.47km of road/1,000km² of land
1: extremely inefficient
7: extremely efficient
4.6
Saigon
Hai Phong
Da Nang
Hanoi
7.96
63.13
40.66
29.33
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
China Japan South Korea Taiwan
Daily Minimum Wage (USD)
4.67 5.47
7.74 6.87
8.66
4.85
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines Thailand Vietnam
Daily Minimum Wage (USD)
2.2 2.39
3.46
2.68
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Bangladesh India Pakistan Sri Lanka
Bangladesh India Pakistan Sri Lanka
2.2 4.67 7.96
2.39 5.47
63.13
7.74 3.46
6.87
40.66
2.69
29.33
8.66 4.85
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70Legal Daily Minimum Wage (USD)
Bang
lade
sh
Cam
bond
ia
Chin
a
Indi
a
Indo
nesi
a
Japa
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Mal
aysi
a
Paki
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The
Phili
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Sout
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Sri L
anka
Taiw
an
Thai
land
Viet
nam
3.2 3.1
4.2 4.3 3.9
5 5.2
3.4 3.5
6.2
4.5 4.2 4.2
3.7
4.6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Bang
lade
sh
Cam
bond
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Chin
a
Indi
a
Indo
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Mal
aysi
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Paki
stan
The
Phili
ppin
es
Sing
apor
e
Sout
h Ko
rea
Sri L
anka
Taiw
an
Thai
land
Viet
nam
1,661
210
402
1,019
230 299
328
711
1,033
1,401
1,153
351
517
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800Road Density (km of road/1,000km² of land)
Bang
lade
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Cam
bond
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Chin
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Indi
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Indo
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Mal
aysi
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The
Phili
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Sout
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Sri L
anka
Taiw
an
Thai
land
Viet
nam
• http://www3.weforum.org/docs/gcr/2015-2016/Global_Competitiveness_Report_2015-2016.pdf • http://www.nwpc.dole.gov.ph/pages/statistics/stat_comparative.html • https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html • http://www.vietnam-ustrade.org/index.php?f=news&do=detail&id=37&lang=english • http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/vnm/#Trade_Balance • http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Doing_Business_in_Vietnam/%24FILE/Doing_Business
_in_Vietnam_16000319.pdf • http://www.srilankalaw.lk/gazette/2016_pdf/Act%20No.%2003.pdf • http://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/2016/02/05/minimum-wages-in-asean.html • http://www.paycheck.in/main/salary/minimumwages • http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/roads-paved-percent-of-total-roads-wb-data.html • http://www.nationmaster.com/country-info/profiles/Thailand/Transport/Roads • http://www.worldportsource.com/countries.php • http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IQ.WEF.CUST.XQ • http://en.worldstat.info/World/List_of_countries_by_Density_of_road_network