Key Highlights of the MDG Needs Assessment Study Elkana Onguti Ministry of Planning and National Development 28 th November 2005.

Key Highlights of the MDG Needs Assessment Study

Elkana Ong’utiMinistry of Planning and National

Development

28th November 2005

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The MDG Needs Assessment Study Objective is to put the country on an MDG-based long

term planning path by:

Identifying interventions and investments needed to meet MDGs by 2015

Identifying the resources required to support a scale-up of interventions through to 2015

Outlining a financing strategy to achieve MDGs Provide a well researched & analysed long term plan

as a basis for policy interventions Provide a framework for M&E and policy dialogue

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Outputs from the Study Comprehensive Kenya MDG Needs

Assessment Report Needs Assessment Report to

inform long term MDG-based Plan Subsequently, the long term plan

to form the basis for the rolling medium term strategies and sectoral plans

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The Needs Assessment Report The Needs Assessment process

took place from June 2004 – July 2005.

The Needs Assessment Report was launched in August 2005

The following are the highlights of the report:

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Goal 1: Eradicate Poverty and Hunger

Targets: (between 1990 and 2015)

1. Halve the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar per day

2. Halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger

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Poverty and Hunger- Situation Analysis -

Chronic under-nourishment, severe hunger and micro nutrient deficiency

Major causes: poverty, under and un-employment, landlessness, vagaries of weather, low education

Vulnerable groups: small scale farmers, rural landless, urban poor, paternalists, fishers

Categories at risk: pregnant & lactating women, children under-5, poor single mothers & widows, the elderly, the unemployed, the sick, AIDS orphans

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Poverty and Hunger - Intervention Costs -

Interventions MDG COSTING (Kshs)

Total Cost (2005-2015)

Proposed Annual Expenditure

Agricultural Productivity Kshs 240 B Kshs 21.82 B

Rural Income Generation Kshs 160.7 B Kshs 14.6 B

Nutrition Programme Kshs 204 B Kshs 18.6 B

Capacity Building Kshs 33.8 B Kshs 3.075 B

MDG TOTAL Kshs 639 B Kshs 64 B

Actual MoA MTEF spending2002/03-2003/04

Kshs 2.8 B

ERS Required Spending 2004/05-2006/07

Kshs 6.8 B

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Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

Target: (By 2015)

3. Ensure that children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling

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Education- Situation Analysis -

Near-gender parity in the primary education cycle but not at post primary level

Regional/gender disparity in primary school enrolment rates (low among girls in ASALs)

Pressure to expand secondary enrolment Low enrolment in special education Limited places available in Technical, Industrial,

Vocational and Entrepreneurship Training Low secondary-university transition rate (12%) Adult illiteracy (4.2M, 1999)

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Education- Interventions -

Expand Early Childhood Development and Education(ECDE) by 2010

Ensure all children, especially girls, have access to quality primary education

Achieve 50% improvement in adult literacy, especially for women

Eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education

Improve education quality Ensure access to and completion of primary ed. for

vulnerable areas/groups Promote ICT and Science and Technology education

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Universal Primary Education

- Intervention Costs -

CategoryMDG COSTING (Kshs)



ECDE 2.7 B 0.24 B

Primary Education and Mobile Schools

90 B 8.1 B

Secondary Education 42.4 B 3.85 B

Adult Basic Education 3.5 B 0.322 B

HIV/AIDS 24 B 2.18 B

Special Education 6 B 0.555 B

Capacity Building 7.1 B 0.65 B

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Universal Primary Education– Intervention Costs (cont) -

CategoryMDG COSTING (Kshs)



Quality Assurance & Standards

4.8 B 0.44 B

Non-formal Schools 0.3 B 0.03 B

School feeding, Health & Nutrition

15.4 B 1.4 B

Monitoring & Evaluation 0.075 B 0.007 B

Administrative + Teachers 101 B 9.1 B


Annual MOEST MTEF Spending 2002/03-2003/04

Kshs 15.5 B


Kshs 39.2 B

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Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality & Empower Women

Target:4. Eliminate gender disparity in

primary and secondary education preferably by 2005 and to all levels of education no later than 2015

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Gender- Situation Analysis -

Gender imbalances and inequalities across sectors and society

Low access to employment for women; poor working conditions and control of trade & market forces

Under-representation of women in leadership and decision making positions

Violence against women; health related indicators – HIV/AIDS, reproductive illness

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Gender - Interventions -

Increase awareness and provide education on women’s reproductive health and rights

Preventing practices that are harmful to women’s sexual and reproductive health and promoting rights through legislation

Effective monitoring and implementation of laws protecting women’s human rights

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Gender- Intervention Costs -


Total Cost (2005/2015)


Mobilization Kshs 15.225 B Kshs 1.38 B

Institutional Strengthening Kshs 43.125 B Kshs 3.92 B

Lobbying and Advocacy Kshs 19.875 B Kshs 1.8 B

Build Coalitions and Mobilize Support

Kshs 51.525 B Kshs 4.6 B

Research, Information and Monitoring

Kshs 21.525 B Kshs 1.9 B

MDG TOTAL Kshs 151.275 B

Kshs 13.7B

Actual MTEF Spending 2002/03 -2003/04

Kshs 0.186 B


Kshs 1.14 B

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Goal 4 & 5: Reduce Child and Maternal Mortality

Targets: (between 1990 and 2015)

5. Reduce by two-thirds the under-five mortality rate

6. Reduce by three-quarters the maternal mortality ratio

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Child and Maternal Mortality

- Situation Analysis -

Decrease in child mortality in the 1970s and 80s and an increase in the 1990s

Decline in the level of child immunization Only 42% of mothers assisted by skilled

health personnel in 2003 (51% in 1989) 15% of health facilities able to provide

basic obstetric care, and only 9% have comprehensive essential obstetric care

Only 63% of the total demand for family planning is satisfied

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- Intervention Areas - Increase access to skilled delivery care Provide prompt post-partum care, counseling,

and family planning Improve post-abortion care Strengthen health promotion activities Strengthen reproductive health and family

planning policies and improve planning management and resource allocation; Scale up IMCI package; and

Increase access to high quality ante-natal care

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- Health Systems Interventions -

Strengthen the human resources Improve infrastructure Systems management Monitoring and evaluation and

quality assurance Build capacity for research and

development Access to essential services

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Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria

Targets: (by 2015)

7. Have halted and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS

8. Have halted and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases

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HIV/AIDS - Situation Analysis -

3 million people currently infected 2 million have died Millions of children living with sick parents 60% infected live in rural areas 50% hospital beds occupied by HIV

patients Many are unable to access health care 200,000 urgently need ARVs Disease is costing Kenya Kshs 200 million

daily

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HIV/AIDS - Interventions -

Prevention Behavioral change programme STD control Voluntary counseling and testing Harm reduction for injecting drug users Prevention of mother to child transmission Blood safety intervention

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HIV/AIDS - Interventions -

Care and Treatment Palliative care – to those nearing death Treatment – for opportunistic diseases Diagnostic HIV testing Prophylaxis – in ARV treatment Orphans care- to minimize impact of

AIDS

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MalariaSITUATION ANALYSIS 6,000 expecting mothers suffer from malaria each

year 4,000 children are born with low birth weight due

maternal anaemia 34,000 children, <5 die of malaria p.a 120 million working days are lost due to malaria

PROPOSED INTERVENTIONSProvision of ITN Treatment of complicated malariaTreatment of uncomplicated malaria

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Tuberculosis- Situation Analysis -

Situation Analysis 106,000 TB cases notified in 2004

compared with 96,000 cases in 2003 and 82,000 in

2002 (NLTP 2003,4) It is currently estimated that over 60% of

TB patients are also HIV+

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Tuberculosis- Interventions -

Additional human resources Infrastructure and equipment Trainings Commodities and products Drugs Planning and administration Monitoring and Evaluation

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Maternal Child Health & Health Systems, HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases

- Intervention Costs -

InterventionsMDG COSTING (Kshs)



Maternal Health Care 4.8 B 0.44 B

Child Health (intervention, treatment and personnel costs)

20.6 B 1.8 B

Care and Treatment of HIV/AIDS 417.5 B 37.9 B

HIV/AIDS Prevention 169.1 B 15.3 B

Malaria Treatment, Prevention & Administration

31.1 B 2.8 B

TB (Treatment, Prevention, Facilities & Administration)

4.4 B 0.4 B


Kshs 58.8 B

Actual MoH MTEF Spending 2002/03 -2003/04 Kshs 39.05 B

ERS Required Spending 2004/05-2006/07 Kshs 126.3 B

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Goal 7: Ensure Environmental SustainabilityEnvironment

Target:8. Integrate the principles of

sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources

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Environment- Situation Analysis -

The greatest threat to our environment is posed by poverty

High levels of poverty negatively impact on the environment through agricultural land degradation

Since 1930, Kenya has lost about 65% of its originally standing wood volume

The area under industrial plantations has declined from 165,000Ha in 1988 to less than 80,000Ha in 2003

The total forest area under protection stands at 1.7M Ha (1.7%) against the recommended forest cover level of 10%

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Environment - Interventions -

Effective policy framework for environmental conservation and management

Measures to increase and protect forest cover

Strategic and long-term environmental strategy

Environmental education, public awareness and participation in pursuit of sustainable development

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Environment- Intervention Costs -

InterventionsMDG COSTING (Kshs)



National environment framework 1.3 B 0.12 B

Fisheries and other aquatic ecosystems 2.1 B 0.19 B

Community initiatives in land degradation 28.8 B 2.62 B

Forests and other terrestrial ecosystems 29.4 B 2.67 B

Wildlife management and conservation 8.9 B 0.8 B


Kshs 6.4 B

Actual MoENR MTEF Spending 2002/03-03/04 (Environmental mgmt, Project environmental screening)

Kshs 2.5 B

ERS Required Spending 2004/05-2006/07 Kshs 5.9 B

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Goal 7:

Water and SanitationTarget: (By 2015)

10. Halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water

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Water and Sanitation- Situation Analysis -

Access to safe water stands at 89.7% in urban areas and 43.5% in rural areas,

The national average is 57% 81% of total population has access to safe

sanitary means Water coverage is 49% & 86% for sanitation Total water coverage requirements to meet

MDGs is 80% Total coverage for improved sanitation is

96%

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Water & Sanitation Costs to 2015 (Excluding costs not in the MDG model)




Provision of Rural water 12.4 B 1.1 B

Provision of urban water 28.2 B 2.5 B

Provision of rural sanitation 3.6 B 0.3 M

Provision of urban sanitation 14.2 B 1.2 B

Waste water treatment 1.4 B 0.12 B

Hygiene Education 1.2 B 0.1 B

MDG TOTAL 61.2 B Kshs 5.5 B

Actual MoW & I MTEF Spending 2002/03-04

Kshs 2.4 B


Kshs 13.4 B

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Goal 7:

Slum Improvement & Future DeterrentTarget:

11. By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of slum dwellers

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Slums- Situation Analysis -

Slum Improvement & Deterring future Development There are 533,000 informal households in Nairobi,

Kisumu and Mombassa projected to increase to 885,000 by 2015

There are 710,721 informal households in the rest of the country, projected to be 1,074,524 by 2015

Critical issues are:(a)Access to tenure dwelling unit; (b)Housing

conditions (c)Access to clean water(d)Household access to sanitation(e)Land requirement

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Slum Improvement - Interventions -

Creation of enabling policy environment and regulatory framework (land; housing, slums,urban planning);

Review of regulatory frameworks (regulations, standards, processes and procedures)

Land tenure (access, market intervention, land rights, relocation/resettlement, etc)

Planning (participatory planning, city/regional approach, country-wide information system)

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Slum Improvement - Interventions -

Integrated urban and rural planning Physical Infrastructure (roads, street lights,

drainage, water supply, maintenance) Social Infrastructure (refuse collection, fire

protection, schools, health centres, community facilities)

Increasing Household incomes (micro-finance, skills enhancement, Jua Kali sheds, kiosks and hawking systems, mixed land use and market centres)

Social mobilization and communication (participation of residents of slums in the upgrading)

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Slum Improvement - Intervention Costs -




Enabling environment for accessing land & secure tenure

0.93 B 0.082 M

Upgrading and deterring new formations

736 B 66.9 B

Integrated urban planning 5.6 B 0.5 B

Capacity building for stakeholder participation

4.1 B 0.3 B

Integrated communication framework

0.9 B 0.082 B


Actual MoL & Housing MTEF Spending 2002/03-04

Kshs 0.18 B


Kshs 2.2 B

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Energy - Interventions -

(1) Biomass – Sustainable supply of fuel wood(2) Charcoal Conservation – Energy saving

stoves(3) Petroleum Products – Exploration, efficient

use and better distribution systems(4) Electricity – Private sector participation; rural

electrification; import cheaper power and manage water catchments

(5) Others – Solar, mini-hydros and wind energy(6) Institutional strengthening for

sustainability

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Energy - Interventions Costs -




Administrative Strategies 80.2 B 7.2 B

Fuelwood Supply Strategies 23.6 B 2.1 B

Charcoal Conservation Strategies 14.6 B 1.3 B

Petroleum Products 168.2 B 15.2 B

Electricity 224.1 B 20.3 B

New and Renewable Energy 212.4 B 19.3 B

MDG TOTAL Kshs 723.3 B Kshs 65.7 B

Actual MoE MTEF Spending 2002/03-03/04 (Rural electrification only)

Kshs 2.5 B


Kshs 9.1 B

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COST SUMMARY (Kshs)

GOAL MDG Cost 2005-2015

Annual Cost

Actual MTEF Spending 2002/03-2004/05


1. Poverty and Hunger 639 B 64 B 2.8 B 6.8 B

2. Universal Primary Education

297 B 27 B 15.5 B 39.2 B

3. Gender 151.2 B 13.7 B 0.186 B 1.14 B

4,5, 6.

Child & Maternal Mortality, HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases

647.8 B 58.8 B 39.05 B 126.3 B

7a. Environment 70.7 B 6.4 B 2.5 B 5.9 B

b. Water and Sanitation 61.2 B 5.5 B 2.4 B 13.4 B

c. Slums Improvement 748 B 68 B 0.18 B 2.2 B

d. Energy 723.3 B 65.7 B 2.5 B 9.1 B

TOTAL 3, 338.2 B 309.1 B 65.11 B 204.04 B

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Thank You

Key Highlights of the MDG Needs Assessment Study Elkana Onguti Ministry of Planning and National Development 28 th November 2005.

Documents

b slide

b primary education

b administrative

b mdg totalkshs

technology education

education interventions

hunger slide

quality primary education