“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” · PDF file“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” LNG Bunkering Singapore, ... 30,000...

“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures”

LNG Bunkering

Singapore, 26th June 2013

Content

• Short Company Introduction

• LNG basics

• Small LNG Carriers and LNG tanks

• Bunker supply chain

• LNG fuel gas systems

• Conclusions

LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013 2

TGE Company Profile

‘TGE Marine is a long established market leader in the design and construction of

cargo handling systems for ships and offshore units carrying liquefied

cryogenic gases

(LNG, LPG and petrochemical gases)’

• Personnel: approx. 65 engineers & specialists plus temporary staff

• Main Office: Mildred-Scheel-Str. 1, 53175 Bonn, Germany

• Branch Office in Shanghai, China


Cargo handling systems and cargo tanks for Gas Carriers

• LPG carriers, CO2 carriers

• Ethylene carriers

• LNG carriers

Cargo handling systems for Offshore units

• FSO/FPSO for LPG

• FSRU and FPSO for LNG

• CO2 liquefaction, storage and offloading units

Business activities and expertise

LNG Bunkering Singapore - June 2013

TGE Company Profile

4

Fuel Gas Systems for seagoing vessels

• Fuel gas supply systems

• Fuel gas tanks

• RoRo, Container, Ferries, …

• Bunker Barges, Bunker Boats


TGE Company Profile

5 Cooperation with IPP/Technolog

Content


• LNG basics




• Conclusions



LNG Basics

7

• Water boiling at atmospheric pressure: 100 °C

• LNG boiling at atmospheric pressure: about -163 °C

• Higher pressure increases boiling temperature for both (pressure & temperature always related to each other)


LNG Basics

8

Case\%mole Methane Ethane Propane Butane Nitrogen Pentane+

1 88,4436 8,7027 2,4287 0,0506 0,3542 0,0202

2 91,23 4,3 2,95 1,4 0,12 0

3 90,4271 5,2016 2,8008 1,5004 0,07 0

4 97,7 1,8 0,22 0,2 0,08 0

5 84,8215 13,3887 1,3399 0,28 0,17 0

6 93,4 6,5 0,1 0 0 0

7 97,2 2,3 0,3 0,2 0 0

8 91,0991 5,5106 2,4802 0,88 0,03 0

9 89,3747 7,1436 2,2211 1,1706 0,08 0,01

10 99,7003 0,0999 0 0,1 0,0999 0

IGF Example 89,4895 6,3063 2,8028 1,3014 0,0501 0,0501

Influence on density, temperature, heat value, Methane number

Content



• LNG basics




• Conclusions


19-May-2010 „Coral Methane“ loading at Zeebrugge, First loading of a small carrier at a large import terminal.

Small LNG Carriers

10


• Up to 8,000 cbm per tank cylindrical tanks

• Up to 15,000 cbm bilobe tanks (patented supports)

• Ship sizes up to 50,000 cbm have been studied

• Tank pressure 2.7 to 4.0 barg

• BOG handling by pressure increase or fuel gas consumption

• Combined carriers (LPG/Ethylene/LNG)

Small LNG Carriers

11


• Membrane tanks embedded in ship structure

• Independent types IMO A,B and C

• Type A (prismatic) and B (prismatic, spherical …), typically low pressure

• Type C (cylindrical, bilobe), pressure vessel & crack propagation, proven system easy to build and operate

LNG tank systems

12

Why using type C tanks for small/medium LNG carriers?

• Current designs from 1,000 to 50,000 m³

• IMO type C to allow for:

• partial loading • no secondary barrier • High loading/discharge rates • Pressure build-up possible • Separate construction and easy installation • Multiple cargoes • wide range of volume per single tank

• Flexibility in BOG handling:

• Dual fuel propulsion • pressure build-up • reliquefaction

• Arrangement to fit small and large terminals


Small LNG Carriers


Tank Insulation

• Vacuum insulation for small cylindrical tanks (mainly fuel tanks)

• PS or PU preformed slabs covered by steel sheets, allow for conical and bilobe shapes

• PU foam covered by polymeric protection layer

• Special panels for increased insulation efficiency

• Choice depending on requirements (operation/consumption schedule, possible tank shape)

LNG tank insulation

14


Content

15


• LNG basics




• Conclusions


30,000 m³ LNG FSRU / floating bunker hub - Feed study

Bunker supply infrastructure

16

• Trucks

• Feeder Vessels (small/medium LNGC/ATB)

• Hub Terminals (on-/offshore)

• Bunker Vessels

• Bunker Terminals

• Mobile Tanks

• Today‘s bunkering: “truck and hose“ solutions

• Requirements for future operations:

• High loading rates due to tight time schedule

• Large total amount of LNG for larger vessels

• Safe but easy handling of heavy equipment

• Dry-break emergency couplings

• Bunkering during cargo operations

• This will only be possible with bunker vessels coming alongside or dedicated bunker terminal for some ship types (tankers)

• Regulations and standards for the bunker interface and related operations are currently being prepared by several international working groups => ISO/OGP specification is online

LNG Bunkering


LNG Bunkering

Open items to be covered:

• interface definition: Dry break, quick connect couplings, standard?

• vapour return as standard?

• SIMOPS: Bunkering LNG in parallel with cargo handling

• data interface: ESD shore connection like LNGC, further info like pumping rate, tank level/pressure…

• measurement of quantity and quality (heat value, Methane number)

• Inerting – where does Nitrogen come from, where does gas mix go to? No venting!

• Additional services: heel out & warm up of tanks, inerting & purging of tanks


Content



• LNG basics




• Conclusions

Auxiliary systems:

• Water-glycol heating system

• Inert gas system

• Vent / ventilation

• Valve remote operation

• Safety systems

• Automation & control

Containment system (Tank)

Bunker connection

Supply to engines

Master gas fuel valve

Fuel gas conditioning (pump, vaporizer…)

LNG fuel gas systems – basic components


• Focus on ECA/SECA areas like North Sea, Baltic & North America

• Tank space is a challenge for designers to reduce loss of cargo space

• relatively easy for tanker/chemical or gas carrier on open deck, also retrofit

• small container feeder: first bay in front of bridge loosing cargo space

• medium size container vessel: first bay or open deck aft of accomodation

• large container vessel (two island): below accommodation block?

• ferry/cruise liner: below deck following B/5 restriction

• RoRo/RoPax: mobile tanks, esp. for retrofits

RoRo-Vessel with mobile fuel gas supply – Design Study Flensburger Schiffbau, MAN, TGE

LNG fuel gas systems – basic aspects


• Highly-efficient vacuum insulation

• Equipment inside “cold box”

• Bottom outlet to feed tank vaporizer

• Tank operation pressure 6 to 8 barg

• Tank design pressure 8 to 10 barg

LNG fuel gas systems – vacuum tank with “cold box”

Source: Cryo AB


• Type C single shell foam insulated tank

• Bilobe or conical shape possible

• Pump inside, all outlets on top

• Tank operation pressure 0 to 3 barg

• Tank design pressure about 4 barg

• Equipment in ventilated processing room in

flexible arrangement

LNG fuel gas systems – basic TGE system


• 2 stroke DF engines (Diesel cycle) require

high injection pressure (150 – 300 barg)

• HP pumps and HP heater

• Tank design pressure 4 barg

• Low pressure consumer available?

• Booster pump inside tank also for supply to

aux. engines

LNG fuel gas systems – two stroke engines


Content



• LNG basics




• Conclusions

• LNG as fuel is an environmentally friendly and commercially attractive way of

ship’s propulsion

• Technical solutions for LNG supply infrastructure and on-board storage and

processing are available

• Small LNG carriers are part of an existing and quick developing market, driven by

LNG supply to remote areas and LNG as ships fuel

• Excellent safety record of LNG business and proven safety systems are limiting

risks – if correctly applied and executed also to the LNG as fuel market!

• Development of bunkering infrastructure and regulatory framework is the main

challenge

CONCLUSIONS


For further information please email:

[email protected]

Jürgen Harperscheidt

Sales Manager

www.tge-marine.com

mailto:[email protected]



http://www.tge-marine.com/






“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” · PDF file“Key Facts about LNG as Marine Fuel and Bunkering Procedures” LNG Bunkering Singapore, ... 30,000...

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