;kb 32 nze 7 i[bkJh 2016 e[Zb gzB/ 64 - yojana.gov.inyojana.gov.in/Yojana Punjabi, July-16, for printing.pdf · 4:'iBk, i[bkJh, 2016 soZeh Gkos dh os, ;kb 2002-03 s'I 7H28 gqfsFs

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uzdk doK L 1 ;kb o[H230, 2 ;kb o[H430, 3 ;kb o[H610 - uzdk doK L 1 ;kb o[H230, 2 ;kb o[H430, 3 ;kb o[H610 - uzdk doK L 1 ;kb o[H230, 2 ;kb o[H430, 3 ;kb o[H610 - uzdk doK L 1 ;kb o[H230, 2 ;kb o[H430, 3 ;kb o[H610 - uzdk doK L 1 ;kb o[H230, 2 ;kb o[H430, 3 ;kb o[H610 - :'iBk:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu gqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu gqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu gqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu gqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu gqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[jb/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjh fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZqfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjh fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZqfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjh fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZqfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjh fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZqfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjh fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZqfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.

4 :'iBk, i[bkJh, :'iBk, i[bkJh, :'iBk, i[bkJh, :'iBk, i[bkJh, :'iBk, i[bkJh, 2016

soZeh Gkos dhsoZeh Gkos dhsoZeh Gkos dhsoZeh Gkos dhsoZeh Gkos dh

os, ;kb 2002-03 s'I 7H28gqfsFs T[u dofwnkBh ;kbkBk

nkofEe ftek; ~ jzvk fojk j?. fJjftek; f;oc ;fEo g{zih (wB[Zyh nofisg{zih) dh ygs s'I jh BjhI ;r'I e[dosh;'fwnK s'I th gq's;kfjs j?. t;sK ns/;/tktK s'I S[N T[sgkdB ns/ ygs gqfefonktKth gqd{FD ns/ ofjzd-y{zjd g?dk eodhnKjB i' fe fco tksktoB (jtk, gkDh ns/Xosh) ftZu ;wk iKd/ jB. f;ZX/ t;hb/ti'I tos/ ikD d/ Bkb-Bkb tksktoBofjzd-y{jzd ~ nkgD/ ftZu i}p eodk j?ns/ fJ; soQK gqd{FD d/ Gko ~ thnksw;ks eodk j?.

id'I gqd{FD dk Gko tksktoB (jtk,gkDh ns/ Xosh) dh i}p eoB dh;woZEk s'I tX iKdk j? sK fJj tksktoB~ gqd{Fs eoB dk ekoB pDdk j? (jtkns/ ib gqd{FD, fwZNh (Xosh) gqd{FD).T[sgkdB d/ fJe ekoe ti'I tksktoB(T[dkjoD ti'I gqd{FD nksw;ks) bJhfpBK G[rskB ehshnK gqszso ;/tktK ns/eJh e[dosh ;'fwnK dk ykswk ns/ fwnkoftZu froktN (fit/I fe jtk, gkDh ns/fwZNh gqd{FD) ~ okFNoh yks/ pko/ w"i{dkgqDkbh ftZu ftukfonk BjhI iKdk, BshisBGkosh nkofEesk d/ n;b tksktoDeeo}/ ~ ;wMDk w[Feb j?. d{i/ FpdKftZu gkDh tor/ e[dosh ;'fwnK dk e[bxo/b{ T[sgkdB ftZu :'rdkB ~ frfDnkBjhI iKdk fJ; bJh fJj bw/o/ T[unkofEe ftek; ~ jk;b eoB dh ;woZEk

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ftek; ~ fBFfus eod/ jB.

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fe;/ th jkbs ftZu y'i fJj thfe;/ th jkbs ftZu y'i fJj thfe;/ th jkbs ftZu y'i fJj thfe;/ th jkbs ftZu y'i fJj thfe;/ th jkbs ftZu y'i fJj thdo;kT[Idh j? fe gkDh Bkb ;zpzfXsdo;kT[Idh j? fe gkDh Bkb ;zpzfXsdo;kT[Idh j? fe gkDh Bkb ;zpzfXsdo;kT[Idh j? fe gkDh Bkb ;zpzfXsdo;kT[Idh j? fe gkDh Bkb ;zpzfXsw[FfebK d/ jZb bJh nkofEew[FfebK d/ jZb bJh nkofEew[FfebK d/ jZb bJh nkofEew[FfebK d/ jZb bJh nkofEew[FfebK d/ jZb bJh nkofEeftek; fJe w[ ZYbh Fos BjhI.ftek; fJe w[ ZYbh Fos BjhI.ftek; fJe w[ ZYbh Fos BjhI.ftek; fJe w[ ZYbh Fos BjhI.ftek; fJe w[ ZYbh Fos BjhI.fJ; dh pikJ/ d/FK ~ ib p[fBnkdhfJ; dh pikJ/ d/FK ~ ib p[fBnkdhfJ; dh pikJ/ d/FK ~ ib p[fBnkdhfJ; dh pikJ/ d/FK ~ ib p[fBnkdhfJ; dh pikJ/ d/FK ~ ib p[fBnkdhYKuk, ;z;EktK ns/ Bhsh ;[XkoKYKuk, ;z;EktK ns/ Bhsh ;[XkoKYKuk, ;z;EktK ns/ Bhsh ;[XkoKYKuk, ;z;EktK ns/ Bhsh ;[XkoKYKuk, ;z;EktK ns/ Bhsh ;[XkoKftZu g{zihekoh eoBh ukjhdh j? sKftZu g{zihekoh eoBh ukjhdh j? sKftZu g{zihekoh eoBh ukjhdh j? sKftZu g{zihekoh eoBh ukjhdh j? sKftZu g{zihekoh eoBh ukjhdh j? sKfe wB[Zyh ftek; ns/ fBozso nkofEefe wB[Zyh ftek; ns/ fBozso nkofEefe wB[Zyh ftek; ns/ fBozso nkofEefe wB[Zyh ftek; ns/ fBozso nkofEefe wB[Zyh ftek; ns/ fBozso nkofEeftek; ~ jk;b ehsk ik ;e/. j'oftek; ~ jk;b ehsk ik ;e/. j'oftek; ~ jk;b ehsk ik ;e/. j'oftek; ~ jk;b ehsk ik ;e/. j'oftek; ~ jk;b ehsk ik ;e/. j'ogVu'b do;kT[Idh j? fe row ns/gVu'b do;kT[Idh j? fe row ns/gVu'b do;kT[Idh j? fe row ns/gVu'b do;kT[Idh j? fe row ns/gVu'b do;kT[Idh j? fe row ns/y[Fe G{-gqd/Fh d/FK ftZu tZv/ iby[Fe G{-gqd/Fh d/FK ftZu tZv/ iby[Fe G{-gqd/Fh d/FK ftZu tZv/ iby[Fe G{-gqd/Fh d/FK ftZu tZv/ iby[Fe G{-gqd/Fh d/FK ftZu tZv/ ibGzvkoB ftZu g{ihekoh B/ nkofEeGzvkoB ftZu g{ihekoh B/ nkofEeGzvkoB ftZu g{ihekoh B/ nkofEeGzvkoB ftZu g{ihekoh B/ nkofEeGzvkoB ftZu g{ihekoh B/ nkofEeftek; ~ nk;ok d/D ftZu wddftek; ~ nk;ok d/D ftZu wddftek; ~ nk;ok d/D ftZu wddftek; ~ nk;ok d/D ftZu wddftek; ~ nk;ok d/D ftZu wddehsh j?. fJ; s'I th tZX fJ; Bkbehsh j?. fJ; s'I th tZX fJ; Bkbehsh j?. fJ; s'I th tZX fJ; Bkbehsh j?. fJ; s'I th tZX fJ; Bkbehsh j?. fJ; s'I th tZX fJ; Bkbe[g'FD ns/ pZfunK dh w"s do ~e[g'FD ns/ pZfunK dh w"s do ~e[g'FD ns/ pZfunK dh w"s do ~e[g'FD ns/ pZfunK dh w"s do ~e[g'FD ns/ pZfunK dh w"s do ~xNkT[D ftZu th wdd fwbh j?.xNkT[D ftZu th wdd fwbh j?.xNkT[D ftZu th wdd fwbh j?.xNkT[D ftZu th wdd fwbh j?.xNkT[D ftZu th wdd fwbh j?.


ftFt nkofEesk c'ow (2016) B/

ftFth ]sok fog'oN 2016 ftZu gkDh dhfeZbs ~ n;o ;woZEk d/ ;zdoG ftZu

;G s'I tZv/ ftFth ]so/ ti'I doi ehskj?. gkDh dh d[obZGsk ~ eJh soQK

Bkfgnk ik ;edk j? fit/I G"fse, nkofEens/ tksktofBe (gkDh d/ fwnko Bkb

;zpzfXs). tZXdh nkpkdh dk dpkn, tZv/gZXo T[s/ FfjoheoB, nkofEe ;orowhnK

ftZu tkXk ygs d/ sohfenK ftZu pdbkn,ihtB F?bh ftZu ;[Xko, w";wh pdbkn,

f;zikJh tkbh y/sh dk g;ko ns/ tX/o/gkDh dh ygs tkbhnK \;bK tZb M[ekn

gkDh dh wzr ftZu tkX/ dk w[Zy ekoBjB. sk}/ gkDh dh fgZSb/ e[ZM djkfenK

s'I tX ojh wzr ns/ g{osh ftZu n;wkBhns/ t?Fte n;wkBsk th gkDh dh feZbs

dk w[Zy ekoB j?. gkDh dh feZbs dkw{b sk}/ gkDh dh wzr ns/ g{osh ftZu

G{r'fbe ns/ n;wkBh n;wkBsk j?.gkDh dh feZbs d/ n;o ~ ;wkie,tksktoBe ns/ nkofEe n;o d/ s"o s/

wkfgnk ik ;edk j?. gkDh dh T[gbpXskd/ ;kbkBk w[ZbKeD Bkb ;kb d/ ftZu-ftZu

n;fEosk ~ Bkfgnk BjhI ik ;edk fJ;bJh gkDh dh feZbs ns/ Bkb i[V/

;wkie ns/ nkofEe n;o ~ th xZNnKfenk iKdk j? (w?e'BB, 2016).

gkDh dh feZbs xDh nkpkdh tkb/fJbkfenK iK tZX f;zikJh tkbh y/shpkVhdh j'Id iK d'jK ftZu j[zdh j?. Gkos d/rzrk d/ nkb/ d[nkb/ d/ y/so ftZu gkDhdh ygs ns/ T[gbpXsk fto'Xh ekbuZeo tkbk j? fiE/ id'I gkDh dh T[gbpXskxZN j[zdh j? T[d'I gkDh dh ygs f;yoT[s/ j[zdh j? (w?e'BB J/ nko 2016).;kb 1996 s'I 2005 d"okB gkDh dhT[gbpXsk d/ nXko T[s/ jkb jh ftZubkJ/ rJ/ nB[wkB nB[;ko nkbwh s"o s/uko fpbhnB ftnesh ;kb ftZu xZN'-xZNfJe wjhBk gkDh dh feZbs dk ;kjwDk

eod/ jB. fJBQK 4 fpbhnB ftneshnKftZu'I fJe u"EkJh (fJe fpbhnB ftnesh)Gkos ftZu ofjzd/ jB, id fe nZXkfpbhnB ftnesh ftFt ftZu ;kok ;kbnfs dh gkDh dh feZbs dk ;kjwDkeod/ jB. fJBQK nZXk fpbhnB ftneshnKftZu'I 180 fwbhnB ftnesh Gkos ftZuofjzd/ jB. fJ; s'I Gkos d/ ;zdoG ftZu;wZf;nk dh rzGhosk dk gsk brdk j?.

gkDh dk ;G s'I tZvk ygseko j'DekoB gkDh dh feZbs dk ;G s'I tZXn;o y/shpkVh bJh f;zikJh T[s/ g?Idk j?.feZbs dh rzGhosk T[s/ fBoGo eofdnKy/shpkVh T[s/ fJ; dk n;o th tZy-tZygZXo dk j[zdk j?. y/shpkVh T[sgkdB ftZuewh iK \;b dk yokp j'Dk T[bNgq;fEshnK ftZu fe;kBK dh o'}h-o'Nh ftZuewh dk ekoB pDdk j?. jkbKfe gkDhdh feZbs ekoB o'}rko T[s/ n;o ;ko/fe;kBK T[s/ fJe' fijk BjhI j[zdk. fJjn;o d/ xZN eoB, fe;kBK dh gkDh dhfJ; Bk}[e ;fEsh T[s/ ekp{ gkT[D dh;woZEk$Bhsh ns/ ;wkie nkofEe jkbksT[s/ fBoGo eodk j?.

][Fe ns/ noX y[Fe fJbkfenK][Fe ns/ noX y[Fe fJbkfenK][Fe ns/ noX y[Fe fJbkfenK][Fe ns/ noX y[Fe fJbkfenK][Fe ns/ noX y[Fe fJbkfenK

ftZu gkDh dh feZbs Bkb BfiZmDftZu gkDh dh feZbs Bkb BfiZmDftZu gkDh dh feZbs Bkb BfiZmDftZu gkDh dh feZbs Bkb BfiZmDftZu gkDh dh feZbs Bkb BfiZmD

bJh \;b dh u 'D th fJebJh \;b dh u 'D th fJebJh \;b dh u 'D th fJebJh \;b dh u 'D th fJebJh \;b dh u 'D th fJe

wjZstg{oB G{fwek fBGkT[Idh j?.wjZstg{oB G{fwek fBGkT[Idh j?.wjZstg{oB G{fwek fBGkT[Idh j?.wjZstg{oB G{fwek fBGkT[Idh j?.wjZstg{oB G{fwek fBGkT[Idh j?.

\;b dh fpikJh s'I gfjbK gkDh\;b dh fpikJh s'I gfjbK gkDh\;b dh fpikJh s'I gfjbK gkDh\;b dh fpikJh s'I gfjbK gkDh\;b dh fpikJh s'I gfjbK gkDh

dh T[gbpXsk ns/ ;'e/ dh fe;/dh T[gbpXsk ns/ ;'e/ dh fe;/dh T[gbpXsk ns/ ;'e/ dh fe;/dh T[gbpXsk ns/ ;'e/ dh fe;/dh T[gbpXsk ns/ ;'e/ dh fe;/

;zGktBk pko/ fe;kB dh ikDekoh;zGktBk pko/ fe;kB dh ikDekoh;zGktBk pko/ fe;kB dh ikDekoh;zGktBk pko/ fe;kB dh ikDekoh;zGktBk pko/ fe;kB dh ikDekoh

jk;b eoB dh gj[zu gkDh dhjk;b eoB dh gj[zu gkDh dhjk;b eoB dh gj[zu gkDh dhjk;b eoB dh gj[zu gkDh dhjk;b eoB dh gj[zu gkDh dh

feZbs d/ n;o Bkb BfiZmD bJhfeZbs d/ n;o Bkb BfiZmD bJhfeZbs d/ n;o Bkb BfiZmD bJhfeZbs d/ n;o Bkb BfiZmD bJhfeZbs d/ n;o Bkb BfiZmD bJh

;jh \;b dh u'D eoB ftZu;jh \;b dh u'D eoB ftZu;jh \;b dh u'D eoB ftZu;jh \;b dh u'D eoB ftZu;jh \;b dh u'D eoB ftZu

wdd eodh j?. ihtB gZXo ftZuwdd eodh j?. ihtB gZXo ftZuwdd eodh j?. ihtB gZXo ftZuwdd eodh j?. ihtB gZXo ftZuwdd eodh j?. ihtB gZXo ftZu

ftftXsk nB[e{bD bJh fJe uzrkftftXsk nB[e{bD bJh fJe uzrkftftXsk nB[e{bD bJh fJe uzrkftftXsk nB[e{bD bJh fJe uzrkftftXsk nB[e{bD bJh fJe uzrk

pdb j? fijV/ fe;kB nkgDh o'}h-pdb j? fijV/ fe;kB nkgDh o'}h-pdb j? fijV/ fe;kB nkgDh o'}h-pdb j? fijV/ fe;kB nkgDh o'}h-pdb j? fijV/ fe;kB nkgDh o'}h-

o'Nh bJh f;oc y/shpkVh T[s/ jho'Nh bJh f;oc y/shpkVh T[s/ jho'Nh bJh f;oc y/shpkVh T[s/ jho'Nh bJh f;oc y/shpkVh T[s/ jho'Nh bJh f;oc y/shpkVh T[s/ jh

fBoGo BjhI eod/ T[j gkDh dhfBoGo BjhI eod/ T[j gkDh dhfBoGo BjhI eod/ T[j gkDh dhfBoGo BjhI eod/ T[j gkDh dhfBoGo BjhI eod/ T[j gkDh dh

T[gbpXsk nB[;ko nkgD/ nkg ~T[gbpXsk nB[;ko nkgD/ nkg ~T[gbpXsk nB[;ko nkgD/ nkg ~T[gbpXsk nB[;ko nkgD/ nkg ~T[gbpXsk nB[;ko nkgD/ nkg ~

Ykb b?Id/ jB.Ykb b?Id/ jB.Ykb b?Id/ jB.Ykb b?Id/ jB.Ykb b?Id/ jB.

y/shpkVh y/so ftZu nkwdB dh ewhnkofEesk d/ ;ko/ y/so s/ nZr'I iK fgZS'Ijo soQK n;o eodh j?. i/eo ;'e/ dkrfjok n;o j[zdk j? sK fJ; Bkb t;sKdhnK ehwsK d/ tkX/ Bkb wfjzrkJh thtXdh j?. gkDh dh feZbs dk Bshik j[zdkj? nkwdB ftZu T[sokn uVQkn fi; d/f;ZN/ ti'I T[sgkdB t;sK ns/ ;/tktK dhwzr ftZu ewh j' iKdh j?. nZr'I ube/fJj nkw nkofEe froktN dk ekoB pDiKdh j?.

gkDh dh feZbs dk T[sgkdB ns/

;/tktK d/ y/so s'I n;o fJ; rZb

T[s/ fBoGo eodk j? fe T[j gkDh

dh fezBh ygs eod/ jB. fJj wzfBnk

iKdk j? fe T[sgkdB ftZu tZX gkDh

dh ygs tkbhnK T[d:'fre ;orowhnK

fit/I fe eZgV/ dh pbhfuzr ns/ ozrkJh,

uwV/ dh gq';?f;zr, y[okeh t;sK ~

vZpkpzd eoB, i{; pDkT[D, r[Zdk ns/

ek|} ;ZBnsK T[s/ gkDh dh feZbs

dk ;G s'I tZX n;o g?Idk j?.

;/tk y/so ftZu ;G s'I tZX n;oj'Nb ns/ o?;N'o?IN, vkeNoh ;/tktK(j;gskbK) ns/ T[;koh$irQk dh yohdco'ys T[s/ g?Idk j?. dZyDh Gkos ftZupbhfuzr ns/ eZgVk ozrkJh fJekJhnK tb'Inkb/-d[nkb/ d/ fgzvK s'I N?eoK ftZu gkDhyohfdnk iKdk j?. Gkt/I fe gkDh dh ygsy/shpkVh y/so ftZu ;ZBnsh y/so Bkb'IxZN j? go ;ZBnsK tb'I Xosh iK j'oib ;o'sK ftZu SZfvnk ikD tkbk gkDhT[; ~ j'o tos'I :'r BjhI ofjD fdzdk.gqd{FD eN"sh T[s/ yofunK ~ puk e/ i'fe fBZih youk j?, T[sgkdB fJekJhnKT[d:'fre rzdrh ~ fwE/ rJ/ fB:wKnB[;ko ftt;Es Bk eoe/ fJ; dh GogkJh;wki T[s/ gk ;ed/ jB. fJ; dk f;ZNkXosh T[gob/ ns/ j/mb/ gkDh dk gqd{FBj[zdk j? (w[yoih ns/ B/bhnks, 2007).


wB[Zy dh szdo[;sh bJh ;kcwB[Zy dh szdo[;sh bJh ;kcwB[Zy dh szdo[;sh bJh ;kcwB[Zy dh szdo[;sh bJh ;kcwB[Zy dh szdo[;sh bJh ;kc

ghD :'r gkDh sZe gj[zu nfsghD :'r gkDh sZe gj[zu nfsghD :'r gkDh sZe gj[zu nfsghD :'r gkDh sZe gj[zu nfsghD :'r gkDh sZe gj[zu nfs

}o{oh j?. (:{ n? `B vh gh}o{oh j?. (:{ n? `B vh gh}o{oh j?. (:{ n? `B vh gh}o{oh j?. (:{ n? `B vh gh}o{oh j?. (:{ n? `B vh gh

2006). ;kb 2030 sZe ;kfonK2006). ;kb 2030 sZe ;kfonK2006). ;kb 2030 sZe ;kfonK2006). ;kb 2030 sZe ;kfonK2006). ;kb 2030 sZe ;kfonK

bJh ;[XohnK ib ;gbkJh ns/bJh ;[XohnK ib ;gbkJh ns/bJh ;[XohnK ib ;gbkJh ns/bJh ;[XohnK ib ;gbkJh ns/bJh ;[XohnK ib ;gbkJh ns/

;?BhN/FB ;j{bsK dh fJe ;ko;?BhN/FB ;j{bsK dh fJe ;ko;?BhN/FB ;j{bsK dh fJe ;ko;?BhN/FB ;j{bsK dh fJe ;ko;?BhN/FB ;j{bsK dh fJe ;ko

gj[zu ;fEo ftek; d/ NhfunKgj[zu ;fEo ftek; d/ NhfunKgj[zu ;fEo ftek; d/ NhfunKgj[zu ;fEo ftek; d/ NhfunKgj[zu ;fEo ftek; d/ NhfunK

ftZu' I fJe j? (n?`; vh ih)ftZu' I fJe j? (n?`; vh ih)ftZu' I fJe j? (n?`; vh ih)ftZu' I fJe j? (n?`; vh ih)ftZu' I fJe j? (n?`; vh ih)

(Nhuk-6) fi; dk efjDk j?(Nhuk-6) fi; dk efjDk j?(Nhuk-6) fi; dk efjDk j?(Nhuk-6) fi; dk efjDk j?(Nhuk-6) fi; dk efjDk j?

@@;kfonK bJh ib s/ ;?BhN/FB@@;kfonK bJh ib s/ ;?BhN/FB@@;kfonK bJh ib s/ ;?BhN/FB@@;kfonK bJh ib s/ ;?BhN/FB@@;kfonK bJh ib s/ ;?BhN/FB

d/ ;fEo gqpzXB ns/ :ehBhd/ ;fEo gqpzXB ns/ :ehBhd/ ;fEo gqpzXB ns/ :ehBhd/ ;fEo gqpzXB ns/ :ehBhd/ ;fEo gqpzXB ns/ :ehBh

gj[zu## (:{ n?`B) f;ZX/ ns/ nf;ZX/gj[zu## (:{ n?`B) f;ZX/ ns/ nf;ZX/gj[zu## (:{ n?`B) f;ZX/ ns/ nf;ZX/gj[zu## (:{ n?`B) f;ZX/ ns/ nf;ZX/gj[zu## (:{ n?`B) f;ZX/ ns/ nf;ZX/

d'jK t;hfbnK s'I j'D tkbkd'jK t;hfbnK s'I j'D tkbkd'jK t;hfbnK s'I j'D tkbkd'jK t;hfbnK s'I j'D tkbkd'jK t;hfbnK s'I j'D tkbk

gqd{FD gkDh d/ ;o'sK ~ ghDgqd{FD gkDh d/ ;o'sK ~ ghDgqd{FD gkDh d/ ;o'sK ~ ghDgqd{FD gkDh d/ ;o'sK ~ ghDgqd{FD gkDh d/ ;o'sK ~ ghD

:'r BjhI SZvdk. fJ; bJh:'r BjhI SZvdk. fJ; bJh:'r BjhI SZvdk. fJ; bJh:'r BjhI SZvdk. fJ; bJh:'r BjhI SZvdk. fJ; bJh

ghD tkb/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK dhghD tkb/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK dhghD tkb/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK dhghD tkb/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK dhghD tkb/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK dh

;[oZfynk dh tksktoDe ;fEosk;[oZfynk dh tksktoDe ;fEosk;[oZfynk dh tksktoDe ;fEosk;[oZfynk dh tksktoDe ;fEosk;[oZfynk dh tksktoDe ;fEosk

nkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK bJhnkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK bJhnkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK bJhnkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK bJhnkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK bJh

dkn T[s/ bZrh j'Jh j?.dkn T[s/ bZrh j'Jh j?.dkn T[s/ bZrh j'Jh j?.dkn T[s/ bZrh j'Jh j?.dkn T[s/ bZrh j'Jh j?.

d{fFs gkDh ghD tkb/ b'e gkDhBkb j'D tkbhnK phwkohnK dh ibdgeV ftZu nk iKd/ jB. rzd/ gkDh dhtos'I ekoB j'D tkbhnK w"sK ns/ o'rrq;ssk d/ you dh do th pj[s T[uhj?. d{fFs gkDh dh ygs Bkb j'DtkbhnK f;js ;wZf;nktK (w"s ns/ o'rrq;ssk) s'I puD bJh ;oeko ns/$iKb'e eJh gqd{FD pukT{ ;orowhnK T[s/you eod/ jB fit/I gkDh dh ;ckJh T[s/you, ;o's dk pdb iK p'sb pzd gkDhdh yohd eoBk. rohp ns/ dofwnkB/spe/ dh nkpkdh f}nkdkso fJ; s'IghVs j[zdh j? feT[Ife T[j gqd{FD s'I j'Dtkb/ wkV gqGktK s'I nkgD/ nkg ~ BjhIpuk ;ed/ ns/ Bk jh T[j ib ;gbkJhsZe gj[zu eo ;ed/ jB ns/ Bk jh ibF[XheoB T[s/ you eo ;ed/ jB. tZvhgZXo T[s/ dfonktK d/ T[sb/ gk;/ gkDh d/tjkn dh fdFk ftZu pdbkn ns/ fBek;hj/mb/ gZXo T[s/ pj[s xZN wksok ftZu

ghD :'r gkDh SZvdk j?. j[D eJhfuo;EkJh dfonktK ftZu rowhnK d"okBb'VhId/ sk}/ gkDh dk tjkn BjhI j[zdk sKfe fJZSs tksktoDe tjkn ~ ekfJwoZfynk ik ;e/, ;fEo w{b tksktoBegqpzXB fefonktK bJh (;/tktK) fit/I feXosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ ohukoi eoBk.Xosh T[sb/ ns/ Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dhnzso fBoGosk dfonktK d/ tksktoDegqpzXB dh nftt;Ek bJh ]sok j? fi;ekoB tZv/ gZXo T[s/ gkDh d/ yksw/ ns/fwnko ftZu froktN dk ekoB pDdh j?.

Gkos d/ eJh fjZf;nK ftZu Xoshj/mb/ gkDh dk gZXo ]soBke do BkbfvZr fojk j?. ;kb Go tZX gkDh dhwzr tkbhnK \;bK ~ ngDkT[Dk (fit/Ife rzBk ns/ M'Bk), }whB T[sb/ gkDhT[s/ nkXkos f;zikJh gqDkbh T[s/ xNyou, Bfjoh gkDh ;gbkJh dh p/:ehBh,Bfjoh gkDh dh tzv ftZu okiBhsed]bnzdk}h ns/ tZfvnK dk ep}k nkfdekoB Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dh f;zikJh bJhtos'I dh fBoGosk tX rJh j?. ;kok;kb Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dh nzBQ/tkj gzfgzr,po;ksh gkDh Bkb f;zikJh ns/ Xko d/fto[ZX tkNoF?vK dh T[;koh ~ T[sFkjs

eoB Bkb pj[s xZN gkDh Xko d/ o{gftZu T[gbpX j[zdk j? fi; d/ f;ZN/ ti'IXosh j/mb/ gkDh d/ gZXo ftZu froktNj' ojh j? (;qhfBtk;B ns/ b/b/, 2016,gN/b 2008).

}whB T[sb/ gkDh T[s/ nkXkos f;zikJhgqDkbh s'I iBse g{zihekoh ~ jNkT[D Bkbib ;o'sK d/ gqpzXB bJh nbgfdqFNhtkbh gj[zu ngDk e/, w[\s fpibh w[jZJhnkeotk e/ y/shpkVh bJh Xosh j/mb/ gkDhdh tos'I ~ T[sFkjs eoBk w"i{dk gkDhdh feZbs d/ gqw[Zy ekoBK ftZu'I e[M jB.f;zikJh tkbh y/shpkVh ns/ xZN gkDh dhbkrs tkbhnK \;bK okjhI pdbt/I \;bhuZeo d/ Bw{B/ ~ ngDk e/ gkDh dhfeZbs Bkb BfiZfmnk ik ;edk j?.

j[D e[ZM w{b gqFB fJj T[md/ jB(T) eh ;k~ tZX gkDh dh bkrs tkbhnK\;bK (M'Bk, eDe, rzBk) dh g?dktko dhb'V j?, ns/ T[BQK ~ y[ZbQ/ g?dkBK ftZu;VB bJh iK ;[ZND tkbhnK ehwsK T[s/pokwd eoB dh b'V j?< ns/ (n)feT[Ife Gkos d/ eJh fjZ;/ gkDh dh feZbstorh w[;hps Bkb i{M oj/ jB, eh ;k~gkDh dhnK w"i{dk ehwsK ikoh oZyD dhb'V j?<

;o's L ftFt p?Ie dk ftFt ftek; ~ do;kT[Idk vkNk nXko

fuZso-1 L gkDh T[sgkdB, e[Zb (sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;h dk brksko 2005 nwoheh vkbod/ e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/ fj;kp Bkb

454035302520151050

Gkos uhB

dZyDh J/Fhnk

g{op J/Fhnk ns/ g?;/fce

(f;oc ftek;Fhb)

:{o'g ns/ wZX J/Fhnk

(f;oc ftek;Fhb)

bkshB nwohek ns/ e?ohphnB

(f;oc ftek;Fhb)

wZX g{op

ns/ T[soh n\ohek

(f;oc ftek;Fhb)

T[`soh nwohek

;p ;jkokB n\ohek

(f;oc ftek;Fhb)

xZN nkwdBh

xZN dofwnkBh nkwdB

tZX dofwnkBh nkwdB

f}nkdk nkwdB

ftFt


Gkos ftZu gkDh dh e[Fb tos'I dhpVh xkN j? s/ e[Zb sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;hdk brksko 2005 nwoheh vkbo d/ e[Zbxo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/fj;kp Bkb ;kvk e[Zb gkDh T[sgkdBftFt n";s gZXo T[s/ pj[s j/mK j? ns/b?fNB nwoheh ns/ e?ohphnkJh ftek;Fhbd/FK ns/ ;p ;jkok n\oheh d/FK d/nzefVnK d/ fj;kp Bkb th j/mK j?.gkDh dh e[Zb bkrs ehws dh nDj'Id(fit/I fe T[sgkdB ns/ tzv ehws, ;o'sehws, tksktoB ehws ns/ feZbs wjZssk)ekoB fJj gkDh dh e[Fb tos'I ~T[sFkjs BjhI eo ;edk ns/ fJ; bJhGkos ftZu gkDh T[sgkdB j/mb/ gZXoT[s/ jh oj/rk.

feZbs tKr jh jVQK dk th nkofEeskT[s/ tk;sfte n;o j[zdk j?. tZvh gZXoT[s/ \;bK, ikfJdkd, gF{XB ns/ wB[ZyhihtB ~ g?D tkb/ xkN/ s'I fJbktk fJ;d/ f;ZN/ ti'I gkDh Bkb j'D tkbh o'rrq;ssk ~ th MZbDk g?Idk j?. Gkos ftZudfonktK d/ ezfYnK T[s/ jVQK dh GftZypkDhbJh e'Jh f;bf;b/tko nfXn?B BjhI.fJ; s'I S[N jVQK ekoB nkofEe gZy'I n;od/ nzdkf}nK d/ nfXn?B dk th e'Jh

;kXB BjhI. jVQK dh nkofEe, ;wkiens/ tksktoDe ehws jVQ o'e{ p[fBnkdhYKuk T[;koh ehws s'I xZN BjhI. ;kv/ib GzvkoK ns/ v?wK dh ;hws GzvkoB;woZEk, w";w ftZu spdhbh ns/ w"B;{Bd"okB gkDh d/ tjkn ftZu tkXk jVQK dkekoB pDd/ jB. Gkosh FfjoK ftZuFfjoh jVQ sK nktosh xNBk pD rJ/jB. pj[s ;ko/ FfjoK ftZu xo/b{ ftnoEgkDh (;hto/i ns/ ;?BhN/FB) bJh nXkos'I fJbktk s{\kBh gkDh d/ gqpzXB bJhe'Jh nXko BjhI.

fJ; s'I fJbktk ;kv/ w"i{dk ftnoEgkDh d/ gqpzXB YKu/ th dpkn j/m ofjzd/jB ns/ T[j Ffjo ftZu ;ko/ ftnoEgkDh ~ BfiZmD (iwQK eoB, Y'n-Y[nkJh,;kc ns/ fBgNko/) bJh :'r BjhI. e[doshib fBek;h u?BbK ns/ po;ksh gkDh d/N?IeK s/ so }whBK tor/ otkfJsh ibGzvkoB YKfunK d/ gqpzXB ftZu nDrfjbhfJ; ;wZf;nk ftZu j'o tkXk eodh j?(Fowk 2015). s{\kBh gkDh sk}/ gkDhdk tZvw[Zbk ;o's j? i/eo T[; dk ;jhsoQK gqpzXB ehsk ikt/ fJj d[o/v/ ;o'sK s'Iib ;gbkJh s/ Ffjoh fBoGosk ~ xNk;edk j?. ;kv/ FfjoK d/ gkDh d/

skfbek-1 L gkDh T[sgkdB, e[ Zb (sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;h dk bkrksko 2005skfbek-1 L gkDh T[sgkdB, e[ Zb (sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;h dk bkrksko 2005skfbek-1 L gkDh T[sgkdB, e[ Zb (sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;h dk bkrksko 2005skfbek-1 L gkDh T[sgkdB, e[ Zb (sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;h dk bkrksko 2005skfbek-1 L gkDh T[sgkdB, e[ Zb (sk}/ gkDh dh fBek;h dk bkrksko 2005nwoheh vkbo d/ e[ Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/ fj;kp Bkbnwoheh vkbo d/ e[ Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/ fj;kp Bkbnwoheh vkbo d/ e[ Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/ fj;kp Bkbnwoheh vkbo d/ e[ Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/ fj;kp Bkbnwoheh vkbo d/ e[ Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB gqfs feT{fpe whNo d/ fj;kp Bkb

2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2014 2014 2014 2014 20141 Gkos 1H074305 2H1002952 uhB 9H5110293 dZyDh J/Fhnk 0H943314 1H8944044 Jh;N J/Fhnk n?Iv g?;hfce (f;oc ftek;Fhb) 3H038144 7H180685 :{o'g ns/ e/Idoh J/Fhnk (f;oc ftek;Fhb) 3H100682 5H6843876 bkshB nwohek ns/ e?ohphnB (f;oc ftek;Fhb) 10H19301 13H529737 wZX g{op ns/ T[`soh n\ohek (f;oc ftek;Fhb) 2H116706 3H2895778 T[`soh nwohek 25H08333 31H238159 ;p-;jkokB n\ohek (f;oc ftek;Fhb) 6H69975 8H47113510 xZN nkwdB 1H469938 2H97324711 xZN dofwnkBh nkwdB 1H265793 2H31625312 tZX dofwnkBh nkwdB 5H859127 9H35494313 T[ùh nkwdB 34H78247 38H630914 ftFt 14H37791 14H81828

gdfuzBQ pVh s/}h Bkb g;o oj/ jB ns/pj[s/ d/FK ftZu sK fJj FfjoK s'I d{ojB (w[yoih 2010). jkb jh ftZu w{BeBfjo (jfonkDk) s'I ib ;gbkJh ftZubkJh rJh o'e ns/ fdZbh ftZu tZvh gZXoT[s/ gkDh dh feZbs s'I gsk brk fe fe;soQK Ffjo nkgDhnK o'}kBK dhnK gkDhdhnK b'VK bJh d[o/v/ ;o'sK T[s/ fBoGojB.

gkDh dh fBozsosk ~ ekfJw ns/;[oZfyns oZyD d/ rzGho T[dwK ~ Bkf;o\ w"i{dk tzrkoK ;r'I T[`Go ojhnKfuzsktK d/ s"o s/ fuzBQfjs eoB dh b'Vj?. e[ZM nfij/ fuzsk d/ ftF/ jB fiBQK d/f;ZN/ tX/o/ eoe/ Gkos ~ G[rsD/ g? ;ed/jB, T[BQK ftZu Fkwb j? nzso-y/soh gkDhdh tzv bJh T[`Go ojh ;wZf;nk, gkDhdh d[o/v/ ;o'sK s'I FfjoK ns/ ;ZBnsKtZb fdFk pdbh ekoB g?dk j'D tkb/wsG/dK, w{b gfoszso ;/tktK w[V ;[oihseoB bJh dfonktK d/ gfo;fEse tjkn~ pjkb eoBk, ib ;o'sK d/ pukn ns/;zGkb (fit/I fe dfonkJh ezfYnK dkgqpzXB), g/Iv{ ns/ Ffjoh y/soK bJh ib;gbkJh wzrK dh g{osh bJh ghD :'rgkDh d/ ;EkBe ;o'sK dh ;zGkb, FfjoheoBns/ ib gqd{FD ftZu tkXk, ftek; ekoiK(fit/I fe ;ZBnsK, y[dkJh, p[fBnkdh YKukns/ Ffjoh ftek;) d/ u[frodk n;o ~xNkT[Dk nDfBoXkos ;o's s'I j'D tkb/gqd{FD ns/ g?dk j'D tkbh fojzd-y{zjd(fit/I fe dtkJhnK ns/ fBZih ;zGkb tkbhnKt;sK dh ofjzd-y{jzd, gqd{FB ftZu tkXkeoB tkb/ fwFoD) ~ fB:zfsqs eoBkns/ w";wh pdbkn ekoB tksktoB ns/e[dosh t;hfbnK nkfd T[s/ j'D tkb/gqGkt nkfd.

(b/ye gpfbe ckJhBK; ns/ gkfb;h pko/okFNoh ;z;Ek, BthI fdZbh ftZu n?;';hJ/N

gq'c?;o jB)

e-mail :[email protected]



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tb'I ;fEo ftek; bJh 2030tb'I ;fEo ftek; bJh 2030tb'I ;fEo ftek; bJh 2030tb'I ;fEo ftek; bJh 2030tb'I ;fEo ftek; bJh 2030

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ftZu ;fEo ftek; d/ 17 Nhu/ftZu ;fEo ftek; d/ 17 Nhu/ftZu ;fEo ftek; d/ 17 Nhu/ftZu ;fEo ftek; d/ 17 Nhu/ftZu ;fEo ftek; d/ 17 Nhu/

(n?`; vh ih) Fkwb jB. Nhuk(n?`; vh ih) Fkwb jB. Nhuk(n?`; vh ih) Fkwb jB. Nhuk(n?`; vh ih) Fkwb jB. Nhuk(n?`; vh ih) Fkwb jB. Nhuk

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• iBtoh 2015 s'I b? e/ ;'e/ ns/

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d/ N?IeoK dk ;jkok b? ojh j?.

• gkDh dh ewh eoe/ T[d:'rK d/

pzd j'D dhnK ]poK th jB.

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e[gqpzXB dh j?.

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fdqVQ, fBozso ns/ ;EkJh :sBK Bkb;'e/ s'I pfunk ik ;edk j? ns/ gkDhtkX{ fwedko ftZu ;zGkfbnk ik ;edk j?.

fJ; Bkb tksktoBe pdbktK Bkb g?dkj'JhnK u[B"shnK dk w[ekpbk eoB ftZuth wdd fwb/rh. go, nfijk j'D d/bJh ;kohnK fXoK dk ;fj:'r }o{oh j?.

ib gqpzXB dh fdFk ftZu gfjbkedw iBsk ns/ ib dofwnkB ;zpzXg[Bo ;Ekgs eoB bJh ftnkge ns/fBozso w[fjzw ubkT[D dk j't/rk. fJ;Bkb ;kohnK fXoK ~ ;ko/ y/soK nzdofJj ;wMD ftZu wdd fwb/rh fe gkDhpj[s jh d[obZG ;o's j?. ib-;zGkb;orowhnK bJh gfjbh }o{os ;wkiftZu ikro{esk c?bkT[D dh j?. fJ; dkfJj wsbp th j't/rk fe b'e ib gqpzXBdh nrtkJh eoB ns/ ;ko/ tknfdnKT[s/ g{o/ T[soB.

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• y[de[Fh o'eD bJh wBkT[Dk LfBokFk ftZu v[Zp/ fgzvK d/ b'eK ~ Go';koZyDk ukjhdk j? fe T[j fJeZb/ BjhI jBns/ T[BQK ~ ;w{fje o{g ftZu y[de[Fh BkeoB dh ;j[z ykDh ukjhdh j?.

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(2) gkDh dh ;zGkb eoB d/ Bt/I


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dhox ekbh edwK dh }o{os j?. fJBQK

bJh ft;fsqs :'iBkpzdh ns/ g?;/ dh

}o{os gt/rh. go fJj ezw ehsk ik

;edk j?.

Gkos ftZu ;kbkBk 1100 fwbhnB

whIj g?Idk j? i' f}nkdkso 100 xzN/ d/

;w/I d"okB toQdk j?. gkDh d/ fJ; gqw[Zy

;o's ~ iK sK f;ZX/ s/ iK fco Xosh

j/m ns/ ib ;o'sK ~ ohukoi eoe/

;KfGnk ik ;edk j?. i/ whIj pko/ mhe

gqpzX Bk ehsk ikt/ sK wkB;{B d"okB jVQ

nkT[Dr/ ns/ nkT[D tkb/ wjhfBnK ftZu

;'ek gt/rk. fJ; bJh toswkB ns/

GftZy tk;s/ fJZe jh ftebg j? fe

po;ksh gkDh dh ;zGkb eoe/ @ib p?Ie#

dk fBowkD ehsk ikt/.

po;ksh gkDh ~ w[V s'I e[dosh ib

uZeo ftZu gkT[D dk wsbp j? fJ; ~

fJeZmk eoe/, ;kc eoe/, Gzvko eoBk ns/

e[dosh nkb/-d[nkb/ d/ w[skpe SZvDk.

Gkos d/ jo/e y/so ftZu Y[ZethnK otkfJsh

ib ;zGkb gqDkbhnK w"i{d ;B, fiBQK ~g[Bo ;[oihs eoB dh b'V j?. ;wekbh

b'VK w[skpe fJBQK wkvbK ~ iKfunkd[jokfJnk ns/ ;'fXnk ik ;edk j?.d/F Go ftZu pj[s ;kohnK T[dkjoDKw"i{d jB id'I GkJhukfonK B/ fJei[ZN j'e/ gkDh dh ;zGkb ehsh j?. Y[ZethnKy/shpkVh gqEktK d/ Bkb-Bkb fJj :sBjh ;B fiBQK eoe/ b'e eJh y/soK ftZubrksko g?D tkb/ ;'e/ dh wko MZb ;eDd/ ekpb j'J/ (t/y' vZph L d/F Go ftZuGkJhukfonK tb'I ib ;zGkb d/ :sB).

gkDh dh ;zGkb dhnK d/F GogkDh dh ;zGkb dhnK d/F GogkDh dh ;zGkb dhnK d/F GogkDh dh ;zGkb dhnK d/F GogkDh dh ;zGkb dhnK d/F GoftZu e'fFFKftZu e'fFFKftZu e'fFFKftZu e'fFFKftZu e'fFFK

;'e/ s'I gqGkfts y/soK ftZu b'eK B/

gkDh dh pus, gqpzXB ns/ g[Bo ;[oihshd/ jZb eZYD bJh nkgDk :'rdkB gkfJnk

j?. j/mK e[ZM T[dkjoDK fdZshnK ik ojhnKjB L

• ;'e/ s'I ghVs p[zd/byzv ftZugowkoE Bkw dh fJe ;wkie ;z;Ek 100

s'I tZX ;'e/ d/ i'yw ~ xZN eoB dhnK:'iBktK eoe/ po;ksh gkDh dh ;zGkb,GkJhukoe s/ ;z;Ekrs ;zpzX ;Ekgs eoe/

;'ek gqGkts gfotkoK ftZu pdbkn s/T[sFkj dk ;zuko eo ojh j?. ib

;j/bhnK (gkDh d/ fwZso) fgzvK nzdogkDh dh tos'I d/ gqpzXB ns/ iK ;zGkb

dhnK e'fFFK eo ojhnK jB.

• nKXo gqd/F fe;kB gqpzfXs

}whBd'} ib gqDkbhnK (J/ gh n?c J/n?w ih n?;) nXhB nKXo gqd/F d/ 7

;'ek gqGkfts f}fbQnK ftZu gqki?eN nwbftZu fbnKd/ rJ/ jB, fe;kB }whBd'}

gkDh dhnK gqDkbhnK dk gqpzXB eo oj/jB ns/ T[BQK tb'I Y[Zet/I y/shpkVh ftebg

ngDkJ/ ik oj/ jB.

• 2002 ftZu r[ioks dk ;wkfXnkbkBkw dk ;'e/ s'I ghVs fgzv y/sh N'G/,NgeD tkb/ N?Ie, u?e v?w, ns/ Xosh s'IE'VQk j/mK YKu/ pDk e/ po;ksh gkDh dh;zGkb eoB eoe/ ;kb ftZu fszB \;bK

b?D ftZu ekw:kp fojk.

• wjkokFNo d/ nfjwdBro f}bQ/d/ fjtko/ pk}ko fgzv tb'I gkDh ;zpzXhJ/ehfeqs wkvb ngDkfJnk frnk fi;ftZu fgzv tk;hnK tb'I feos dk :'rdkBfdZsk frnk. gkDh d/ piN dh ;kbkBkekotkJh 2014 ftZu nozG ehsh rJh.

• oki;EkB d/ ;'ek ghVs bkg'ohnkfgzv ftZu fJZe ftbZyD sNpzX gqDkbh j?fi; ~ @u"ek# nkyd/ jB. fJ; ftZupo;koh gkDh fJeZmk ehsk iKdk j? ns/ghD ns/ \;bK bJh gkDh dh T[gbpXskftZu ;[Xko ehsk iKdk j?.

Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ w;B{Jh sohe/Bkb ohukoi eoe/ }whB s/ ib p?IepDkT[Dk - Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ ohukoieoB dh gqfsFssk d[ZrDh eoB dh b'Vj?. nfijk e[dosh gqfefonktK ns/ pBkT[Nhsohe/ Bkb pkoF d/ gkDh ~ Xosh j/mKG/i e/ n;kBh Bkb ehsk ik ;edk j?.pkoF d/ gkDh dh ;zGkb ns/ Xosh j/mb/gkDh ~ w;B{Jh sohe/ Bkb ohukoi eoe/d' wzst jZb j[zd/ jB L tkX{ gkDh ~i}p eoBk ns/ b'V t/b/ fJ; ~ SZvDk.feT[Ife y[ZbQh }whB brksko xN ojh j?,]k; eoe/ Ffjoh y/soK ftZu, tZv/ gZXoT[s/ w;B{Jh sohe/ Bkb }whBd'} gkDhohukoi eoB Bkb gkDh dh ewh d{oeoB, jVQK ~ xZN eoB ns/ gkDh dhr[DtZsk dk ;[Xko eoB ftZu pj[s wddfwb ;edh j?.

Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ w;B{Jh sohe/Bkb ohukoi eoB dk wsbp j? }whBhgkDh ~ }whBd'} gkDh ftZu G/iDk sK i'(1) Xosh j/m gkDh dh wksok tX ikt/(2) e[dosh ;ckJh gqfefonktK okjhI fJ;dh r[DtZsk ftZu ;[Xko. nfijk dfonkJhxkNhnK ns/ fwZNh tkb/ w?dkBK ftZudfonk iK Mhb dk gkDh o/s ns/ gEohbhnKsfjnK, ftZu dkyb eoe/ ehsk ik ;edkj?. Xosh j/mK gkDh xkNhnK, gkJhgK,


N'fJnK ns/ y{jK }ohJ/ dkyb ehsk ik;edk j?.

Xosh j/mK }whBh gkDh w;B{Jhsohe/ Bkb dkyb eoB d/ r[Dkswe ns/frDkswe ckfJd/ j' ;ed/ jB L

• e[dosh gqfefonktK d[nkok fo;oj/ dfonkJh gkDh dh rzdrh xZN ehshik ;edh j?.

• fo;kn gkDh dk p/jso gqpzXBth ;zGt j[zdk j? feT[Ife dfonktK d/fBwB ns/ T[u tjkn d/ ;w/I d"okBdfonk ns/ }whBd'} gkDh d/ gZXo ftZu;[Xko ehsk ik ;edk j?. ;wK gk e/dfonkJh ns/ }whBd'} gkDh ftZu fJZe;zs[bB ;Ekgs j' iKdk j? fi; Bkb ;kok;kb gkDh dh g{osh fBozso j[zdh ofjzdhj?. nkw s"o s/ w;B{Jh sohe/ Bkbohukoi ehsk }whBd'} gkDh }whBh gkDhd/ w[ekpb/ gqd{FB gZy'I tZX ;[oZfyns j[zdkj? ns/ ib ;[oZfynk y/soK dh jZdpzdhfJ; ~ ;[oZfynk gqdkB eodh j?. dfonkJhsb ohukoi dk fJZe tXhnk w"ek gqdkBeod/ jB. ;w/I d/ Bkb }whBh ns/ Xoshj/mb/ gkDh dofwnkB ;zs[bB p?m ikt/rkfi; Bkb dfonk ;kok ;kb trDr/ ns/Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ ohukoi eoBr/.fdZbh ib p'ov tb'I F[o{ ehsk frnk gZbkdk jVQ tkb/ gkDh dk ohukoi nfijhfJZe T[dkjoD j?.

i/ nfijk ftnkge gZXo T[s/ ehskikt/ sK pukJ/ ikD tkb/ gkDh dh wksoknEkj j' ;edh j?. Gkt/I fe pBkT[Nh ibGzvko dhnK EktK fit/I fe v?w nkfd dhT[;koh ftZu tksktoBe, ftZsh ns/ ;wkienVuBK jB, }whBd'} gkDh ~ ohukoieoBk fJe @e[dosh# gqfefonk j?. w;B{Jhohukoi dhnK n;hw ;zGktBktK jB. i/Ffjoh s/ g/Iv{ y/soK nzdo S'Nh fJekJh s'Ib? e/ oki sZe po;ksh gkDh ~ ;zGkfbnkikt/ sK nk; dh feoB ikr/rh (fuZsod/y').

gkDh dh ;zGkb bJh y/sotko gfjb- gkDh d/ ;G s'I tZv/ ygseko y/shpkVhy/so ns/ ;ZBnsK tb'I u[Ze/ ik ;eD tkb/e[ZM edwK dk t/otk j/mK fdZsk ik fojkj?.

y/shpkVh Ly/shpkVh Ly/shpkVh Ly/shpkVh Ly/shpkVh L y/sh y/so ~ gkDh Bkb;zpzfXs eJh gqeko d/ w;fbnK Bkbf;ZMDk gt/rk L gkDh dh tos'I ftZu xZNe[Fbsk - 38-40 gqfsFs Bfjoh f;zikJhbJh ns/ 60 gqfsFs Xosh j/mb/ gkDhBkb f;zikJh ;ehwK bJhl gkDh dh xNdhT[gbpXskl iB;zfynk ftZu tkX/ eoe/nBki dh tXdh wzr, ykD/ dhnK pdbojhnK nkdsKl ykD/ d/ nfXeko sfjsgqfspXsktKl ns/ gkDh dh w[ekpb/ tkbhwzr. fJj th GftZypkDh ehsh rJh j?fe ;w/I d/ Bkb f;zikJh tk;s/ gkDh dhwzr tX ikt/rh.

y/shpkVh ftZu gkDh dh tos'I ftZue[Fbsk tXkT[D bJh e[ZM ftebg fJjjB L

• ewkd ns/ M'B/ dhnK \;bK ~gkDh dh pj[s f}nkdk b'V j[zdh j?. fJj

\;bK f;oc T[BQK y/soK ftZu jh T[rkJhnKikD fiE/ gkDh Gog{o wksok ftZu w"i{dj?. ;EkBe fe;wK ~ T[sFkfjs ehskikDk ukjhdk j? ns/ fJBQK dh xZN'-xZNehws$pk}ko ns/ pk}ko gqDkbhnK fte;seoBhnK ukjhdhnK jB.

••••• ;{yw;{yw;{yw;{yw;{yw f;zikJhf;zikJhf;zikJhf;zikJhf;zikJh d/d/d/d/d/ sohe/sohe/sohe/sohe/sohe/ ngDkT[D/ngDkT[D/ngDkT[D/ngDkT[D/ngDkT[D/ LLLLLs[gek ns/ \[jkok f;zikJh ftXhnK BkbgkDh dh ygs xNdh j? ns/ brGr40-80 gqfsFs gkDh dh pus j[zdh j?.f;zikJh d/ sohe/ fit/I f;zikJh dk ;wK;koDh, tkjh, xkj-c{; Bkb YZeDk ns/ykdK nkfd tkFg-Gkc dk fBek; d/ fJZenzr Gkc d/ fBek; ~ tXk ;ed/ jBfi; ;dek \;bK d[nkok gkDh dk p/jsofJ;s/wkb j' ;e/rk ns/ T[sgkdesk thtX/rh.

••••• G'fJz ns/ ib gqpzXB gqEktK L G'fJz ns/ ib gqpzXB gqEktK L G'fJz ns/ ib gqpzXB gqEktK L G'fJz ns/ ib gqpzXB gqEktK L G'fJz ns/ ib gqpzXB gqEktK LfJBQK ftZu J/ehfeqs gqEktK Fkwb jBfit/I G{wh-ib ;zGkb, \;b phiD bJh}whB uzrh soQK fsnko eoBk, po;kshgkDh ~ ;zGkbDk, y/sh d/ pu/ gkDh ~d[pkok tos'I ftZu fbnkT[Dk, gkDh tZX

o k io k io k io k io k i

f}b Q kf}b Q kf}b Q kf}b Q kf}b Q k

Ffjo$e;pk$wjKBroFfjo$e;pk$wjKBroFfjo$e;pk$wjKBroFfjo$e;pk$wjKBroFfjo$e;pk$wjKBro

eb 'B heb 'B heb 'B heb 'B heb 'B h

g f o t k og f o t k og f o t k og f o t k og f o t k o

o k io k io k io k io k i

f}b Q kf}b Q kf}b Q kf}b Q kf}b Q k

pb kepb kepb kepb kepb ke

g zu k fJsg zu k fJsg zu k fJsg zu k fJsg zu k fJs

fg z vf g z vf g z vf g z vf g z v

x ox ox ox ox o

y / sy / sy / sy / sy / s

fdjks h s / Ffjoh :sBK Bkb n;h I T [;fdjks h s / Ffjoh :sBK Bkb n;h I T [;fdjks h s / Ffjoh :sBK Bkb n;h I T [;fdjks h s / Ffjoh :sBK Bkb n;h I T [;fdjks h s / Ffjoh :sBK Bkb n;h I T [;o [MkB ~ pdb ;ed / jK fi; ft Zu fejko [MkB ~ pdb ;ed / jK fi; ft Zu fejko [MkB ~ pdb ;ed / jK fi; ft Zu fejko [MkB ~ pdb ;ed / jK fi; ft Zu fejko [MkB ~ pdb ;ed / jK fi; ft Zu fejkiKdk j ? fe 2030 sZe gkDh dh w zriKdk j ? fe 2030 sZe gkDh dh w zriKdk j ? fe 2030 sZe gkDh dh w zriKdk j ? fe 2030 sZe gkDh dh w zriKdk j ? fe 2030 sZe gkDh dh w zrg {osh Bkb ' I 50 g q fsFs tX ikt /rhg {osh Bkb ' I 50 g q fsFs tX ikt /rhg {osh Bkb ' I 50 g q fsFs tX ikt /rhg {osh Bkb ' I 50 g q fsFs tX ikt /rhg {osh Bkb ' I 50 g q fsFs tX ikt /rh

nZinZinZinZinZi LLLLL f}nkdkso y/so ;'e/ s' I ghVs jBf}nkdkso y/so ;'e/ s' I ghVs jBf}nkdkso y/so ;'e/ s' I ghVs jBf}nkdkso y/so ;'e/ s' I ghVs jBf}nkdkso y/so ;'e/ s' I ghVs jB;[Bfjo/ eZbQ d/ bJh - }whBd'};[Bfjo/ eZbQ d/ bJh - }whBd'};[Bfjo/ eZbQ d/ bJh - }whBd'};[Bfjo/ eZbQ d/ bJh - }whBd'};[Bfjo/ eZbQ d/ bJh - }whBd'}gkDh ~ ohukoi eoBk - pkoKgkDh ~ ohukoi eoBk - pkoKgkDh ~ ohukoi eoBk - pkoKgkDh ~ ohukoi eoBk - pkoKgkDh ~ ohukoi eoBk - pkoKwjhB / trD tkb/ dfonk -wjhB / trD tkb/ dfonk -wjhB / trD tkb/ dfonk -wjhB / trD tkb/ dfonk -wjhB / trD tkb/ dfonk -;kfonK bJh Y[ ZetK gkDh;kfonK bJh Y[ ZetK gkDh;kfonK bJh Y[ ZetK gkDh;kfonK bJh Y[ ZetK gkDh;kfonK bJh Y[ ZetK gkDh

;o's L fJ zdok y[okBk;o's L fJ zdok y[okBk;o's L fJ zdok y[okBk;o's L fJ zdok y[okBk;o's L fJ zdok y[okBk

fu Zso-1fu Zso-1fu Zso-1fu Zso-1fu Zso-1


i}p eoB bJh v{zxh tkjh, gkDh nikJhIikD' o'eDk ns/ fwZNh nzdo Bwh d/ GzvkoftZu ;[Xko eoBk.

••••• b/}o ;[jkr/ Bkb }whB gZXoh b/}o ;[jkr/ Bkb }whB gZXoh b/}o ;[jkr/ Bkb }whB gZXoh b/}o ;[jkr/ Bkb }whB gZXoh b/}o ;[jkr/ Bkb }whB gZXoheoBk LeoBk LeoBk LeoBk LeoBk L fJ; seBhe Bkb }whB dkn;wsb j'Dk mhe j' iKdk j? fi; dk\;b T[rD, tZvh j'D ns/ MkV T[s/ekch n;o g?Idk j?. fJ; Bkb 20-30gqfsFs gkDh dh pus j' ;edh j? ns/xZN'-xZN 10 gqfsFs T[sgkdB tX ;edkj?.

••••• M'B/ dh ;zxDh fpikJh dh M'B/ dh ;zxDh fpikJh dh M'B/ dh ;zxDh fpikJh dh M'B/ dh ;zxDh fpikJh dh M'B/ dh ;zxDh fpikJh dhgqDkbh (n?`; nko nkJh) LgqDkbh (n?`; nko nkJh) LgqDkbh (n?`; nko nkJh) LgqDkbh (n?`; nko nkJh) LgqDkbh (n?`; nko nkJh) L M'B/ dh;zxDh fpikJh dh gqDkbh 29 gqfsFs sZegkDh dh b'V xZN eoB ns/ ftek; dk;wK 8-12 fdB xZN eoB bJh ikDhiKdh j?. fJ; Bkb M'B/ dh ib T[sgkdeskftZu tkXk j[zdk j?. fJj seBhe ewkddh fpikJh bJh th bkj/tzd j?.

T[d:'r LT[d:'r LT[d:'r LT[d:'r LT[d:'r L ;ZBnsK Gkos d/ e[Zbxo/b{ T[sgkd (ih vh gh) ftZu tZvk:'rdkB gkT[IdhnK jB. ;ZBnsh y/so d/g;ko Bkb gkDh dh wzr ftZu th tkXkj't/rk. ;ZBnsK gkDh dh d[otos'I eodhnKjB fi; Bkb gqd{FB g?dk j[zdk j?. f;ZN/ti'I gkDh dh ewh ns/ wkVh ib r[DtZskd/ jkbks pD iKd/ jB.

F[o{nks ftZu gkDh ;zpzXh ;ZBnsKF[o{nks ftZu gkDh ;zpzXh ;ZBnsKF[o{nks ftZu gkDh ;zpzXh ;ZBnsKF[o{nks ftZu gkDh ;zpzXh ;ZBnsKF[o{nks ftZu gkDh ;zpzXh ;ZBnsKd/ B}ohJ/ ~ pdbD dh b'V j? Ld/ B}ohJ/ ~ pdbD dh b'V j? Ld/ B}ohJ/ ~ pdbD dh b'V j? Ld/ B}ohJ/ ~ pdbD dh b'V j? Ld/ B}ohJ/ ~ pdbD dh b'V j? LgkDh ~ ;;sk ns/ pj[sks ftZu T[gbpX;o's d/ otkfJsh B}ohJ/ s'I w[ekpb/pk}htkb/ tos'Ieko tZb b? e/ ikDk i' p[fBnkdhwB[Zyh nfXekoK T[s/ n;o nzdk} j[zdkj?. gkDh T[s/ fBoGo T[d:'r gkDh bJh;EkBe fe;kBK, gfotkoK ns/ d{i/ tos'IekoKBkb w[ekpb/pk}h eo oj/ jB.

][Ffe;wsh ~, gkDh d[obZG ;o'sti'I wfj;{; eofdnK ne;o ezgBhnKT[sgkdB gqfefonk ftZu gkDh dh tos'IxZN eoB bJh gq/fos j' ojhnK jB.ezgBhnK gkDh dk fJ;s/wkb xZN eoB

bJh T[s;[e jB, gkDh ns/ T[sgkdK gqfsf}zw/tkoh tkbk tshok ngDkT[D pdb/gqwkfDs j'D bJh :sBFhb jB. T[d:'rK;kjwD/ w"i{d e[ZM pdb j/mK fdZs/ ik oj/jBL

••••• gkDh dh tos'I dh e[Fbsk ~ gkDh dh tos'I dh e[Fbsk ~ gkDh dh tos'I dh e[Fbsk ~ gkDh dh tos'I dh e[Fbsk ~ gkDh dh tos'I dh e[Fbsk ~tXkT[Dk LtXkT[Dk LtXkT[Dk LtXkT[Dk LtXkT[Dk L gkDh dh wzr xZN eoB bJhfJ; dh e[Fbsk Bkb tos'I pj[s }o{ohj?. i/ Y[ZethI s/ ftjkoe gj[zu nyfsnkoehsh ikt/ sK T[d:'fre fJekJhnK ftZugkDh dh ygs 25-50 gqfsFs sZe xZNehsh ik ;edh j?. gkDh dh ygs xZNeoB tkb/ e[ZM sohfenK ftZu gkDh BkbmzYk eoB dh pikfJ jtk Bkb mzYk eoBdh seBhe ftZu pdbkn, gkDh dh tZXygs eoB tkb/ :zsoK ns/ j'o ;wkB~ pdbBk, pu/ gkDh ~ ;'X e/ d[pkokT[d:'fre gqfefonk ftZu fJ;s/wkb eoBkns/ po;ksh gkDh ~ ;zGkb e/ fJ; dhtos'I eoBk Fkwb j?.

••••• ihtB uZeo dk w[ZbKeD L ihtB uZeo dk w[ZbKeD L ihtB uZeo dk w[ZbKeD L ihtB uZeo dk w[ZbKeD L ihtB uZeo dk w[ZbKeD LihtB d/ uZeo dk w[ZbKeD eoB BkbT[sgkd pDB s'I b? e/ ysw j'D sZe d/tZy-tZy gVktK Bkb ;zpzfXs tksktoB T[s/g?D tkb/ gqGktK dh ;whfynk eoB ftZuwdd fwb ;edh j? (euZk wkb eZYDk,gqk;?f;zr, fBowkD, tzv, tos'I, w[ozws,oZy-oykn ns/ ysw eoBk).

gzx{V/ s'I gzx{V/ (;h 2 ;h) gqwkDheoBjk;b eoB bJh b'V j? fe gkDh bJhftF/F wkgdzv pDkJ/ ikD. gzx{V/ s'Igzx{V/ sZe gqwkDheoB d/ Gkr ti'I gkDhdh w[yfsnkoh bJh nfij/ ekoiK dh b'Vj? i' Bk e/tb ;ZBnsh gqfefonktK ns/g{osh bVh nzdo gkDh dh tos'I ftZu;[Xko fbnkT[D go T[; tksktoB ftZuth ;[Xko eoB fi; ftZu T[d:'r ezw eofojk j?. fJ; d/ gzi gZXo jB -p[fBnkdh, sKpk, uKdh, ;'Bk ns/ gbkNhBw.jo/e gZXo T[s/ T[d:'r gkDh ;zpzXhp/jso fwnkoK dh gkbDk eod/ jB.

••••• g{osh bVh ftZu ib gqpzXB L g{osh bVh ftZu ib gqpzXB L g{osh bVh ftZu ib gqpzXB L g{osh bVh ftZu ib gqpzXB L g{osh bVh ftZu ib gqpzXB LezgBhnK g{osh bVh bJh gqGkth ib

gqpzXB oDBhshnK pDk ojhnK jB. fw;kb

d/ bJh n?u n?Iv n?w B/ vpb:{ vpb:{

n?c Bkb GkJhtkbh j/m ib gqpzXB d/

;szG ;Ekgs ehs/ jB fi; ftZu L nfijh

;o's ;wZroh fte;s eoBk Fkwb j? i'

ykek fsnko eoB tkbh Nhw ~ c?FB

ns/ eZuk wkb fsnko eoB ;w/I gkDh

;zpzXh gqGktK pko/ ikDekoh d/t/rhl ezgBh

d/ n;kf;nK ftZu gkDh dh pus eoB

dhnK ;zGktBktK sbkFDhnKl ;EkBe ns/

y/soh ;oekoK fijhnK fXoK Bkb ezw

eoBkl uhB ns/ pzrbkd/F ftZu dfonkJh

xkNhnK d/ p/jso ib gqpzXB bJh |?o-

;oekoh ;z;EktK ns/ d{ihnK ezgBhnK

Bkb skbw/b ns/ rkjeK ~ ib gqpzXB

pko/ f;Zfyns eoBk nkfd Fkwb j?.

••••• ib ;wk:'iB L ib ;wk:'iB L ib ;wk:'iB L ib ;wk:'iB L ib ;wk:'iB L T[j ;fEshnKfiBQK ftZu e[Fbsk ftZu ;[Xko eoe/ gkDh

dh d[pkok tos'I iK ;'X e/ gkDh dh ygs

~ xZN BjhI ehsk ik ;edk, T[E/ ib tzv

bJh @ib-;wk:'iB# fBt/F ngDkfJnk iKdk

j?. ib-;wk:'iB ftZu w[Zy s"o s/ doZys

bkT[Dk iK d{o-d[okv/ EktK T[s/ e[Fbsk

tXkT[D tkb/ edwK ftZu fBt/F Fkwb

j?.

fBu'VfBu'VfBu'VfBu'VfBu'V

o[MkB ~ g[Zmk r/Vk d/Dk s/ Gkos ~gkDh d/ wkwb/ ftZu nwho d/F pDkT[Dk;zGt j?. T[go fdZs/ ;[MktK s'I fJFkokfwbdk j? fe e[ZM edw T[mkJ/ ik ;ed/jB. fJj rZb e'Jh wknB/ BjhI oZydh feGkos ftZu fezBk whIj g?Idk j?, id'I sZen;hI toswkB ns/ GftZyh tos'I bJh fJ;gkDh ~ ;zGkbD dhnK f;os'V e'fFFKBjhI eod/.

(b/fyek nkJh gh Jh rb'pb fbH ftZu ib,

;k\-;\kJh ns/ ;tZSsk pko/ wkjo j?.)



ftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/y

dfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk ns/ gkDh dk e[Fb gqpzXBdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk ns/ gkDh dk e[Fb gqpzXBdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk ns/ gkDh dk e[Fb gqpzXBdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk ns/ gkDh dk e[Fb gqpzXBdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk ns/ gkDh dk e[Fb gqpzXB nkoHe/H f;tkBkgBnkoHe/H f;tkBkgBnkoHe/H f;tkBkgBnkoHe/H f;tkBkgBnkoHe/H f;tkBkgB

Gkos Gog{o gkDh ns/ G{-;o'sKBkb wkbkwkb j?. Gkos dk G{-y/sod[BhnK dk 2H5 gqfsFs, ib ;o's 4gqfsFs ns/ iB;zfynk ftFt dh 17gqfsFs fJE/ tZ;dh j?. T[gbpX y/sobrGr 165 fwbhnB j?eN/no j? i'd[BhnK ftZu d{ik ;G s'I tZX j?. fJjhfj;kp iB;zfynk dk j?. 1990ftnK ftZuGkos dh 65 gqfsFs iB;zfynk fe;kBns/ y/sh wid{o ;h fi; s'I fJ; d/F d/y/shpkVh s/ gkDh T[s/ fBoGo j'D dk;ze/s fwbdk j?. fJ; eoe/ ;w{fje;wkie ns/ nkofEe ftek; bJh ib;o'sK d/ ftek; dh b'V ~ F[o{ s'I jhwkBsk fdZsh rJh ;h.

Gkos e'b gkDh d/ p/nzs ;o's jBgo eJh okiK ftZu gkDh dh ;wZf;nkpj[s rzGho j?. fJ; ;kb (2016) brGr10 okiK, fit/I wjkokFNo, oki;EkB, eoBkNe,s/bzrkBk, nKXo gqd/F, wZX gqd/F ftZugkDh dh ;wZf;nk$ewh d/yh rJh j?. 32eo'V d/ brGr iB;zfynk ghD tkb/gkDh bJh th ;zxoF eo ojh j?. 60;kbK s'I fJ; y/so ftZu ps"o ftfrnkBeezw eofdnK w?I fgSb/ 30-40 ;kbK s'IfusktBh fdzdk nk fojk jK fe Gkos ftZugkDh dh ;wZf;nk wB[Zy dh pDkJh j'Jhj? ns/ fJ; bJh e[dos d'Fh BjhI.ftFt dh ;kbkBk n";s pkoF 840fwbhwhNo, fJ;okJhb dh 440 fwbhwhNoid fe Gkos ftZu ;kbkBk n";sB 1150

ikikikikik D gSkD fwbhwhNo pkoF g?Idh j?. fJ;okJhbp/jso sohe/ Bkb ib-gqpzXB eo fojk j?id fe Gkos ftZu fuokg{zih, fiE/ ;kbftZu 11,000 fwbhwhNo d/ brGr whIjg?Idk j?, fJE/ th jo/e ;kb wkB;{BnkT[D s'I gfjb/ 2-3 wjhB/ gkDh dh;wZf;nk yVQh j' iKdh j?.

gkDh ;G s' I nfjw e[doshgkDh ;G s' I nfjw e[doshgkDh ;G s' I nfjw e[doshgkDh ;G s' I nfjw e[doshgkDh ;G s' I nfjw e[dosh

;o'sK ftZu' I fJZe j? fi; dh;o'sK ftZu' I fJZe j? fi; dh;o'sK ftZu' I fJZe j? fi; dh;o'sK ftZu' I fJZe j? fi; dh;o'sK ftZu' I fJZe j? fi; dh

T[gbpXsk wB[Zyh f;js ns/ T[;T[gbpXsk wB[Zyh f;js ns/ T[;T[gbpXsk wB[Zyh f;js ns/ T[;T[gbpXsk wB[Zyh f;js ns/ T[;T[gbpXsk wB[Zyh f;js ns/ T[;

y/so d/ ftek; T[s/ n;o nzdk}y/so d/ ftek; T[s/ n;o nzdk}y/so d/ ftek; T[s/ n;o nzdk}y/so d/ ftek; T[s/ n;o nzdk}y/so d/ ftek; T[s/ n;o nzdk}

j[zdh j?. nkw gfoGkFk w[skpej[zdh j?. nkw gfoGkFk w[skpej[zdh j?. nkw gfoGkFk w[skpej[zdh j?. nkw gfoGkFk w[skpej[zdh j?. nkw gfoGkFk w[skpe

gkDh dh 1000 n?`wgkDh dh 1000 n?`wgkDh dh 1000 n?`wgkDh dh 1000 n?`wgkDh dh 1000 n?`w33333 gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh

gqfs ;kb T[gbpXsk s'I 1700gqfs ;kb T[gbpXsk s'I 1700gqfs ;kb T[gbpXsk s'I 1700gqfs ;kb T[gbpXsk s'I 1700gqfs ;kb T[gbpXsk s'I 1700

n?`wn?`wn?`wn?`wn?`w33333 gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb

ewh ;EkBe nkyh iKdh j?.ewh ;EkBe nkyh iKdh j?.ewh ;EkBe nkyh iKdh j?.ewh ;EkBe nkyh iKdh j?.ewh ;EkBe nkyh iKdh j?.

1000 n?`w1000 n?`w1000 n?`w1000 n?`w1000 n?`w33333 gqfs ftnesh gqfs gqfs ftnesh gqfs gqfs ftnesh gqfs gqfs ftnesh gqfs gqfs ftnesh gqfs

;kb gkDh dh g{osh f;js,;kb gkDh dh g{osh f;js,;kb gkDh dh g{osh f;js,;kb gkDh dh g{osh f;js,;kb gkDh dh g{osh f;js,

nkofEe ftek; ns/ wB[Zyh GbkJhnkofEe ftek; ns/ wB[Zyh GbkJhnkofEe ftek; ns/ wB[Zyh GbkJhnkofEe ftek; ns/ wB[Zyh GbkJhnkofEe ftek; ns/ wB[Zyh GbkJh

~ gqGkts eoBk F[o{ eo fdzdh~ gqGkts eoBk F[o{ eo fdzdh~ gqGkts eoBk F[o{ eo fdzdh~ gqGkts eoBk F[o{ eo fdzdh~ gqGkts eoBk F[o{ eo fdzdh

j?. 500 n?`wj?. 500 n?`wj?. 500 n?`wj?. 500 n?`wj?. 500 n?`w33333 gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh gqfs ftnesh

gqfs ;kb gkDh dh g{osh f}zdrhgqfs ;kb gkDh dh g{osh f}zdrhgqfs ;kb gkDh dh g{osh f}zdrhgqfs ;kb gkDh dh g{osh f}zdrhgqfs ;kb gkDh dh g{osh f}zdrh

bJh i']w pD iKdh j? ns/bJh i']w pD iKdh j? ns/bJh i']w pD iKdh j? ns/bJh i']w pD iKdh j? ns/bJh i']w pD iKdh j? ns/

d/FK ftZu gkDh dh ;zg{oB ewhd/FK ftZu gkDh dh ;zg{oB ewhd/FK ftZu gkDh dh ;zg{oB ewhd/FK ftZu gkDh dh ;zg{oB ewhd/FK ftZu gkDh dh ;zg{oB ewh

wfj;{; ehsh iKdh j?. 1000wfj;{; ehsh iKdh j?. 1000wfj;{; ehsh iKdh j?. 1000wfj;{; ehsh iKdh j?. 1000wfj;{; ehsh iKdh j?. 1000

n?`wn?`wn?`wn?`wn?`w33333 gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb

ib g{osh ~ ftFt p?Ie ns/ib g{osh ~ ftFt p?Ie ns/ib g{osh ~ ftFt p?Ie ns/ib g{osh ~ ftFt p?Ie ns/ib g{osh ~ ftFt p?Ie ns/

d{ihnK J/iz;hnK tb'I gkDh dhd{ihnK J/iz;hnK tb'I gkDh dhd{ihnK J/iz;hnK tb'I gkDh dhd{ihnK J/iz;hnK tb'I gkDh dhd{ihnK J/iz;hnK tb'I gkDh dh

ewh dk ;XkoB ;{ue s;bhwewh dk ;XkoB ;{ue s;bhwewh dk ;XkoB ;{ue s;bhwewh dk ;XkoB ;{ue s;bhwewh dk ;XkoB ;{ue s;bhw

ehsk frnk j?.ehsk frnk j?.ehsk frnk j?.ehsk frnk j?.ehsk frnk j?.

gkDh d/ ;o'sgkDh d/ ;o'sgkDh d/ ;o'sgkDh d/ ;o'sgkDh d/ ;o's

d[BhnK Go ftZu gkDh d/ ;o'sK dke'Jh nzs BjhI. i/ d[BhnK dh iB;zfynktX e/ 25 fpbhnB (w"i{dk iB;zfynk dk3 s'I 4 r[Dk) th j' ikt/ sK th gkDhekch wksok ftZu T[gbpX oj/rk. GkosftZu e[Zb T[gbpX gkDh 1650 fwbhnBiB;zfynk (1500 n?w33333 gqfs ftnesh gqfs;kb) bJh ekch j?.

dfonkJh xkNhnK d/F d/ ib ;o'sKdh ;whfynk bJh p[fBnkdh ib fJekJhjB. g{o/ d/F ~ 20 xkNhnK ftZu tzfvnkfrnk j? fi; ftZu 12 w[Zy xkNhnK jBfiBQK dk ib-rqfjD y/so 20,00022222 feb'whNoj? ns/ pkeh 8 xkNhnK dofwnkBhnK s/S'NhnK jB. J/ehfeqs ib ;o'sK d/ ftek;pko/ okFNoh nk:'r tb'I 1999 ftZu d/Fd/ ib ;o'sK dk nB[wkB 195H29 n?wn?u n?w bkfJnk ;h. e/Idoh ib nk:'rd/ w[skpe ;kohnK 20 xkNhnK ftZu tos'I:'r ib ;o's 69 n?w n?u n?w i' e[Zb}whB T[sb/ gkDh dk 35 gqfsFs pDdkj?. fJj gkDh 76 fwbhnB j?eN/no\;bh y/so dhnK f;zikJh b'VK g{ohnKeo/rk. okFNoh ib ftek; J/iz;h (n?Bvpb:{ vh J/) tb'I gq;skfts nzso xkNhspkdb/ nXhB 20-25 n?w n?u n?w tkX{gkDh tosD dh ebgBk ehsh rJh j?.fJZe F[o{nksh nfXn?B w[skpe brGr16 n?w n?u n?w ib ;o's Xosh j/mb/gkDh ~ pBkT[Nh sohe/ Bkb ohukoi eoe/tkX{ tofsnk ik ;edk j? fi; Bkb fJ;


dk e[Zb i'V 40 n?w n?u n?w pDikt/rk. e/Idoh ;sjh p'ov tb'I 1994-95ftZu d[pkok GoB:'r Xosh j/mb/ gkDhdh ;whfynk 43H20 n?w n?u n?w ehshrJh ;h. tosB :'r Xosh j/mb/ gkDhdk nzdk}k 39H56 n?w n?u n?w bkfJnkfrnk j? (7 n?w n?u n?w xo/b{ s/

e[Zb gkDh ns/ tos'I:'r gkDh dh ;whfynkdfonkJh gqtkj (}whBh gkDh)O Xosh j/mbk gkDh =195H29O43H20=238H49 n?`w n?ù n?`wtos'I:'r gkDh dk nB[wkB =69H00O39H56=108H56 n?`w n?ù n?`w

skfbek-1 L n";s gqtkj, tosD:'r ;sjh ns/ Xosh j/mb/ ib ;o's - xkNh gqfsskfbek-1 L n";s gqtkj, tosD:'r ;sjh ns/ Xosh j/mb/ ib ;o's - xkNh gqfsskfbek-1 L n";s gqtkj, tosD:'r ;sjh ns/ Xosh j/mb/ ib ;o's - xkNh gqfsskfbek-1 L n";s gqtkj, tosD:'r ;sjh ns/ Xosh j/mb/ ib ;o's - xkNh gqfsskfbek-1 L n";s gqtkj, tosD:'r ;sjh ns/ Xosh j/mb/ ib ;o's - xkNh gqfseqw dfonk dk Bkw n";s$gqtkj tosD:'r gqtkj d[pkok GoB :'r *** tos'I :'r;zH ;sjh gkDh ;sjh gkDh Xosh j/m,bk gkDh Xosh j/mbk gkDh

phH;hHn?w phH;hHn?w phH;hHn?w phH;hHn?w1 fJzv; 73H31 46H0 26H50 24H32 J/ rzrk 525H02 250H0 171H00 156H82 ph pqjwg[Zso *629H05 24H0 26H55 24H42 ;h poke 48H36 - 8H52 7H83 r'dktoh 110H54 76H3 40H64 37H24 feqFBk **69H81 58H0 26H40 24H25 ekt/oh 21H36 19H0 12H30 11H306 ;[poBkb/yk 12H37 6H8 1H82 1H77 pqkjwBh-poskoBh 28H48 18H3 4H05 3H78 wjkBdh 66H88 50H0 16H50 15H19 g/Bko 6H32 6H9 4H93 4H510 wBh 11H02 3H1 7H20 6H611 ;kpowsh 3H81 1H9 - -12 Bowdk 45H64 34H5 10H80 9H913 - 14H88 14H5 8H27 7H614 skgsh s'I skdoh ftukb/ gZSw tZb trD tkb/ dfonk 87H41 11H9 17H70 16H2015 skdoh s'I ezfBnke[wkoh tukb/ gZSw tZb trD tkb/ dfonk 113H53 24H3 - -16 wjkBdh s/ g/Bko ftukb/ g{op tZb trD tkb/ dfonk 22H52 13H1 11H22 10H317 eZS, ;"okFNo s/ b{Bh tukb/ g{op tZb trD tkb/ dfonk 16H46 16H7 18H80 17H2018 eZS s/ ;"okFNo ns/ b{Bh d/ gZSw tZb trD tkb/ dfonk15H10 15H0 0 019 oki;EkB ftZu nzdo{Bh fBek; dk y/so 00H00 - - -20 pzrbkd/F s/ fw:Kwko ftZu ysw j'D tkb/ S'N/ dfonk 31H0 - 18H12 16H8

e[ Zbe[ Zbe[ Zbe[ Zbe[ Zb 1952H871952H871952H871952H871952H87 690H3690H3690H3690H3690H3 431H32431H32431H32431H32431H32 395H6395H6395H6395H6395H6;o's L ;h vpb:{ ;h gpbhe/FB 6$93 - Gkos d/ ib ;o'sK dh g[Bo ;whfynk. Gkos d/ Xosh j/mb/ ib ;o's ;h ih vpb:{ ph-1995*fJ; ftZu pqjwg[so ftZu Fkwb j'D tkbhnK 9 S'NhnK BdhnK dk 91H81 ph ;h n?`w dk tkX{ gqtkj Fkwb j?.**;whfynk e/ vpb:{ vh Nh tb'I gqtkBs T[gi bVh d/ n";s gqtkj T[s/ nXkos j?. ;h vpb:{ ;h d/ nzeV/ fti/tkVk fty/ 78H12 ph;h n?`w gqtkj s'I bJ/ rJ/ jB.***;kbkBk ib GokJh d/ nB[gkse nXko T[s/ bJ/ rJ/10 ph ;h n?`w =1 n?w n?u n?w

T[d:'fre tos'I bJh ns/ 32H56 n?wn?u n?w f;zikJh bJh) i' brGr 64fwbhnB j?eN/no oep/ dh f;zikJh eo;edk j?. e[Zb f;zikJh brGr 140fwbhnB j?eN/no j? (n?; vpb:{=76fwbhnB j?eN/no ns/ ih vpb:{=64fwbhnB j?eN/no). tZy-tZy ib ;o'sK

dk xkNh gqfs ft;Eko ns/ T[BQK dh tos'Iskfbek-1 ftZu fdykJh rJh j?.

1991 s'I 2050 (T[whd nXkos)Gkos dh iB;zfynk d/ nXko T[s/ gqfsftnesh gqfs ;kb gkDh dh T[gbpXskns/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK dh tos'I skfbek-2ftZu fdZsh rJh j?.

gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb tos'I :'rgkDh d/ ;o's Bowdk xkNh ftZu 3020n?w33333 ns/ ;kpowsh xkNh ftZu 180 n?w33333


d/ brGr jB. 20 ftZu'I 4 xkNhnK ftZu

1700 n?w33333 s'I tZX gqfs ftnesh gqfs;kb tos'I :'r gkDh d/ ;o's jB id

fe 9 xkNhnK d/ 1000-1700 n?w33333, 5xkNhnK d/ 500-1000n?w33333 ns/ 2 xkNhnK

d/ 500 n?w33333 s'I xZN gkDh d/ ;o's jB.fJj nzeV/ 1991 d/ jB id'I Gkos dh

iB;zfynk 851 fwbhnB ;h. 2050 ftZuGkos dh iB;zfynk 1650 fwbhnB j'D

dh T[whd j? ns/ d/F dhnK nBki dhnKb'VK 550-600 whNfoe NB d/ brGr

j'DrhnK fi; ftZu GzvkoB s/ nktkikJhd/ B[e;kB, phi dhnK b'VK ns/ wkB;{B

n;cb j'D d/ jkbks th Fkwb j'Dr/(15 gqfsFs GZs/) nkfd.

1995 sZe tZv/ s/ dofwnkB/ gqki?eNKokjhI tZy-tZy xkNhnK ftZu pDkJh rJhGzvko ;woZEk 17H37 n?w n?u n?w d/brGr j?. T[;koh nXhB ns/ w[ezwb j'u[Ze/ tZv/ s/ dofwnkB/ gqi?eN eqwtko7H54 n?w n?u n?w ns/ 13H23 n?w n?un?w ib Gzvko eo ;eDr/. e[Zb i'V38H15 n?w n?u n?w j' ikt/rk. i/ S'N/Gzvko YKfunK, fit/I skbkp$N'G/ (brGr40 n?w n?u n?w) ~ th fwbk bJhJ/ sKe[Zb Gzvko ;woZEk 42 n?w n?u n?w j'ikt/rh. fJj 1210 fwbhnB iB;zfynkbJh ekch j't/rk ns/ gqfs ftnesh Gzvko;woZEk 350 n?w33333 j't/rh i' nwohek ftZu5961 n?w33333 ns/ uhB ftZu 2486 n?w33333

j?. fJE/ fJj f}eo eoBk rbs BjhIj't/rk fe d[BhnK Go ftZu brGr 45,000tZv/ v?w jB fiBQK ftZu'I 46 gqfsFs uhBftZu, 14 gqfsFs nwohek ftZu ns/Gkos, ikgkB ns/ ;g/B ftZu eqwtko 9,6ns/ 3 gqfsFs jB. T[go fdZs/ sZEfJFkok eod/ jB fe Gkos dh ib Gzvko;woZEk ns/ T[;ko/ rJ/ v?w, iB;zfynk d/fj;kp Bkb d[BhnK d/ eJh d/FK ;kjwD/fBr{D/ jB.

skfbek-1 ns/ 2 ftu ftob/ nzefVnK

skfbek-2 LGkos ftZu gqfs ftnesh gqfs ;kb T[gbpX ns/ tosD:'r gkDh n?`w3 ftZu (1991-2050);kb iB;zfynk T[gbpX gkDh tosD:'r gkDh fNZgDhnK

fwbhnB 238H5 n?w n?u n?w 108H60 n?w n?u n?wgqfs ftnesh gqfs ftneshgqfs ;kb n?w33333 gqfs ;kb n?w33333

1991 850 2830 1290 500 n?w3 3 3 3 3 - g{oh ewh2001 1030 2316 1055 1000 - ewh2011 1210 1970 910 1700 - ewh ;EkBe s/

fes/-fes/ j't/rh2025 1350-1400 1700 780 >1700 n?w33333 - gkDh - e'Jh ;wZf;nk

(nzdk}B) BjhI n?`w33333 - xD whNo2050 1650 1445 680 n?`w n?ù n?`w fwbnB

(nzdk}B) j?eN/no whNo

skfbek-3 L eoBkNe ftZu gZSw tZb trD tkb/ dfonktK dk ;kbkBk gqtkjeqw T[g-xkNh ib rqfjD y/so n";s gqtkj;zH tor feb'whNo (n?`w ;h n?`w)1H ekbhBdh 412 9342H ;otEh 3592 88163H ueok dfonk 336 9914H B/soktEh 3222 99395H tokjh 759 22636H wjkBdh 412 9347H p/dEh 3574 50408H p/dEh s/ nxkBkfFBh ftukb/ nk}kd ib rqfjD 401 9069H nxkBkfFBh 1330 302810H ;otEh s/ ueok dfonk ftukb/ nk}kd ib rqfjD 1042 308611H tokjh s/ B/soktEh ftukb/ nk}kd ib rqfjD 3067 945712H B/soktEh s/ pkokg'b ftukb/ nk}kd ib rqfjD 1320 447413H pkokg'b 560 1274

e[Zb 57489 n?w ;h n?ws/2000 Nh n?w ;h

;o's L ib ;o's ftek; ;zrmB, eoBkNe ;oeko, pzrb"o

s'I t/fynk ik ;edk j? fe i/ d/F d/}whB T[gob/ gkDh ns/ Xosh j/mb/ gkDh~ i'V th fbnk ikt/, wsbp 238H50n?`w n?ù n?`w i' 2050 ftZu 1650fwbhnB t;'I ~ wzB e/ ehsk ik fojk j?,sK th gqfs ftnesh gkDh dh T[gbpXsk1450 n?w33333 pDdh j? i' 1700 s'I xZN j?ns/ fJj gkDh dh ewh dk ;ze/s j?.ftFt p?Ie ns/ ;z:[es okFNo B/wK

w[skpe d/F ~ gkDh dh ewh dk ;kjwDkeoBk gt/rk. i/ 2050 sZe nB[wkfBs1650 fwbhnB t;'I bJh tos'I :'r gkDh(108H60 n?w n?u n?w) ~ jh fXnkBftZu oZfynk ikt/ sK gqfs ftnesh gkDh680 n?w33333 pDdk j? i' 1000 n?w33333 gqfsftnesh gqfs ;kb s'I xZN j?. fJ; s'IfJFkok fwbdk j? fe d/F ~ gkDh d/rzGho ;zeN dk ;kjwDk eoBk gt/rk


ns/ nBki T[sgkdB s/ nkofEe ftek;T[s/ fJ; dk wkVk gqGkt gt/rk.

dfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBkdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBkdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBkdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBkdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk

fJBQK jkbsK ftZu }o{oh j' iKdk j?fe Gkos ;oeko dfonktK ~ nkg; ftZui'VB bJh rzGhosk Bkb ftuko eo/ sKfe fpBK j'o d/oh d/ dfonktK ftZu w"i{de[Zb gkDh (195 n?`w n?ù n?`w) ~tofsnk ik ;e/. fit/I fe gfjbK uoukehsh rJh j?, d/F ftZu gkDh dh T[gbpXskekch j? go fJ; dh tzv n;kthI j? fi;d/ ubfdnK d/F d/ eJh fjZf;nK ]k;

eoe/ dZyD ns/ gZSw ftZu gkDh dhewh j?. nDtofsnk 65 gqfsFs gkDh

i' ;w[zdo ftZu ik fojk j?, dh tos'IY[Zet/I sohe/ Bkb eoBh ukjhdh j?. fJ;

d/ bJh gkDh tkX{ ;woZEk tkb/ y/soK s'Iewh tkb/ y/soK tZb G/fink ikDk ukjhdk

j?. gkDh dh ;wZf;nk d/ jZb bJh Gkos;oeko tb'I okFNoh ib ftek; J/iz;h

(n?B vpb:{ vh J/) dk 1982 ftZu rmBehsk frnk. fJj fJZe ][dw[yfsnko ;z;Ek

j? i' Gkos ;oeko d/ f;zikJh wzsokb/j/m ezw eodh j?.

okFNoh ib ftek; J/iz;h d/ w[ZyT[d/F j/mK fdZs/ ik oj/ dfonktK ~nkg; ftZu i'VB tkb/ fszB gqki?eNK pko/nfXn?B eoe/ ;zGktBktK dh sbkF eoBkj? L

• rzrk-pqjwg[Zso-ekt/oh ~ i'VBkiK fjwkfbnkJh dfonk ftek;.

• gqkfJdhgh dfonktK fit/I wjkBdh,r'dktoh, feqFBk, g/Bko, ekt/oh ns/ t?rkJhdfonktK ~ nkg; ftZu i'VBk iK gqkfJdhghdfonk ftek;.

• e/ob, eoBkNe, r'nk ns/wjkokFNo d/ gZSw tZb trd/ dfonktK~ g{op tZb sfwbBkv{, eoBkNe, nKXogqd/F ns/ wjkokFNo okiK tZb w'VBk.

Gkt/I fe T[go'es fszB' gq;skt ftjkoejB ns/ fJBQK T[s/ ezw ehsk ik ;edk j?go wd Bzpo 2 s/ 3 T[s/ fJe' ;w/I s[ozsezw nozfGnk ik ;edk j? feT[Ife ft;fsqsnfXn?B ehsk ik u[Zek j? ns/ bkrs thT[fus ;hwk ftZu j?.

g q k fJdhgh dfonktK ~ nkg;g q k fJdhgh dfonktK ~ nkg;g q k fJdhgh dfonktK ~ nkg;g q k fJdhgh dfonktK ~ nkg;g q k fJdhgh dfonktK ~ nkg;ftZu i'VBkftZu i'VBkftZu i'VBkftZu i'VBkftZu i'VBk

okFNoh ib ftek; J/iz;h B/ FkBdkoezw ehsk j?. fJ; tb'I gqkfJdhgh dfonkftek; nXhB 17 i'VK dh gSkD ehshrJh j?. fJ; tb'I ;ko/ 17 i'VK dhg{ot-ftjkoesk fog'oN th fsnko eobJh rJh j? ns/ pkeh pDd/ i'VK dhftjkoesk fog'oN th fsnko j?.

tZy-tZy gqkfJdhgh dfonktK ftZu'IwjkBdh s/ r'dktoh dfonktK ftZu xkNhd/ okiK dhnK b'VK dh g{osh s'I pkndth ekch tkX{ gkDh pu iKdk j?. g{ophsZN d/ Bkb-Bkb wjkBdh-r'dktoh fbzegqdkB eoB dk gq;skt j? sK fe ro{skgqtkj okjhI wjkBdh dk tkX{ gkDh r'dktohtZb G/fink ik ;e/. fJ; gq;skt BkbwjkokFNo, nKXo gqd/F ns/ sfwbBkv{ d/;'ek wko/ y/soK ftZu f;zikJh ehsh ik

wjkBdh Bdh

395 Nh n?`w ;h

165 Nh n?`w ;h tosh rJh j?

930 e/ n?`w

230 TMC

fJukwgZbhr'dktoh Bdh

g'bktowdtkb/;toB

580 TMC

300 KMnbwZsh

70 TMC

564 KM

33TMC

wZvhb/w ;Nqhw ;'wkf;bk

305TMC

430TMC

501TMC 57TMC

80 TMC

;qh;?bw

g[bhfuzN/bfeqFBk Bdh

270 KM

154 TMC 173 TMC

174 KM

117 TMC

fti/tkV

g/Bko Bdh

185 TMC

302 TMC

535 KM

ekt/oh Bdh

rqKv n?BheN

80 TMC

250 KM

80 TMC

t?rJh Bdh

ekNkbJh

pzrkb dhpzrkb dhpzrkb dhpzrkb dhpzrkb dh

y kV hy kV hy kV hy kV hy kV h

e[Zb bzpkJh L 3716KM

bkrs L 35,000 eo'V 50,000 eo'V

wjkokFNo #u iwQK L 280 TMC

r'dktoh #u iwQK L 531 TMC

e[Zb L 811 TMC OR

2H25mHm

fuZso-1 L gq;skt wB}{oh ns/ e/Idoh ek~B bJh Gkos ;oeko d/ ib ;o'swzsokbk ;kjwD/ g/F ehsk frnk.


;e/rh. fJ; s'I pknd feqFBk-g/Bko fbze~ feqFBk s/ g/Bko xkNhnK ftZu f;zikJhdhnK }o{osK bJh fJ;s/wkb ehsk ik;e/rk.

g/Bko-ekt/oh fbze ro?Iv n?BheN(ebBkJh v?w) d/ ;EkB T[s/ ekt/oh ftZuik fwb/rk. o;s/ ftZu tos'I s'I pkndbrGr 180 Nh n?w ;h gkDh ro?Ivn?BheN ftZu g[Zi/rk fi; ftZu'I brGr100 Nh n?w ;h gkDh ekt/oh xkNh ftZutos/ ikD dk gq;skt j? ns/ pkeh pudk80 Nh n?w ;h gkDh t?rkJh ns/ tkfJgkoxkNhnK ftZu fJ;s/wkb ehsk ikt/rk fi;Bkb 2 whbhnB J/eV oepk f;zikJh j/m

fbnKdk ik ;e/rk. 10 ;kb gfjbKwjkBdh-r'dktoh-ekt/oh ns/ t/rkJh ~nkg; ftZu i'VB dh bkrs okFNoh ibftek; J/iz;h tb'I 30,000 eo'V o[gJ/nKeh rJh ;h fi; dh e[Zb bzpkJh 3716feb'whNo j't/rh ns/ i' 1000 Nh n?w;h tkX{ gkDh ~ spdhb eo ;e/rk(t/y' fuZso-1)

b/ye tb'I nzeV/ fJeZso eoe/ e/oboki dhnK gkDh dhnK b'VK dk fj;kpbkfJnk frnk j? ns/ fJ; Bshi/ T[s/g[Zfink frnk j? fe tkX{ gkDh dh fwedko500 Nh n?w ;h j? Gkt/I fe Gkos ;oekodh okFNoh ib ftek; J/iz;h B/ fJj

nzdk}k 1000 Nh n?w ;h bkfJnk j?. i/fJj wksok (500 Nh n?w ;h) g{op(sfwbBkv{) tZb w'V fdZsh ikt/ sK sfwbBkv{d/ dZyDh f}fbQnK ftZu 5 fwbhnB J/eVoep/ ~ f;zikJh j/m fbnkT[Dk ;zGtj't/rk. w'VB d/ fjZ;/ ti'I, okFNoh ibftek; J/iz;h tb'I gZSw tZb trD tkb/dfonktK ~ g{op ftZu e/ob tZb w'VBdk ykek fsnko ehsk frnk j?. fJ;w[skpe e/ob ftZu 250 Nh n?w ;h gkDhb? e/ ikD tkb/ gKpk ns/ nuBe'fJbdfonktK ~ 22 Nh n?w ;h gkDh spdhbeoB bJh sfwbBkv{ d/ tkfJgko dfonktZb w'fVnk ik ;edk j? i' fso[Bt/bh,s{Eke[vh, fto[XBro f}fbQnK d/ ;'ek ghVsy/soK ftZu brGr 2H26 bZy J/eV oep/dh f;zikJh bJh tofsnk ik ;e/rk. fJ;T[s/ nzdk}B 1400 eo'V bkrs nkt/rh.

sfwbBkv{ d/ fe;kBK d/ fdwkr ftZufJZe j'o gqki?eN gzfvnko ns/ g[Bwg[}k;ehw j?. fJ; ;ehw dk ekch ;wKgfjbK gD-fpibh gqki?eN d/ s"o s/ ;[cBkt/fynk frnk ;h go id'I sfwbBkv{ d/fe;kBK B/ fJ; ~ f;zikJh ns/ gD-fpibhgqki?eN d/ s"o s/ pDkT[D dh wzr ehshsK e/ob ;oeko tb'I fJ; dh nkfrnkBjhI fdZsh rJh. i/ fJj gqki?eN bkr{ j'iKdk j? (f;oc sfwbBkv{ dk gkDh feT[IfeibrqfjD y/so sfwbBkv{ ftZu j?) sKnop ;kro ftZu nikJhI trD tkb/ 10-12 Nh n?w ;h gkDh ~ w'V e/ GtkBh$w/fJnko xkNhnK (sfwbBkv{) ftZu G/finkik ;edk j? i' e'fJzpN{o, fso[g[o ns/Jho'v f}fbQnK d/ 1H2 s'I 1H5 bZy y[Fef}fbQnK ftZu f;zikJh eo ;edk j?. fJ;gqki?eN T[s/ s[ozs nwb ehsk ik ;edkj? feT[Ife okFNoh ib ftek; J/iz;h tb'Ift;fsqs ;ot/yD ehsk ik u[Zek j? ns/fJj feckfJsh ftjkoe ns/ tkip j?.

eoBkNe ftZu gZSw tZb trD tkb/dfonktK ~ g{op tZb w'VBk sK fe fJBQK

:w[Bkoki;EkB

r[ioks

Bowdkg'oN-N'go

dkwkrzrkfgzib

feqFBkg/Bko

p?vNh-todk

B/soktbhj/wkotsh

nop ;kronop ;kronop ;kronop ;kronop ;kro

gKpk-nuBe'fJb

t?gko

Gkosh ;kro

r"t/oh-t?rJh-r[zdko

g/Bko-ekt/oh

feqFBk-g/Bko

r'dktoh-feqFBk

e/obekt/oh

wjkBdhr'dktoh

;[p/oBkokyk wjkBdh

coZek;[zdopB

UvhFk

feqFBk

r'dktoh

rzrkdkw'do

u[Bko;'B/

rzrk n;kw

e'Fh-xkxkr'Ide-rzrk pqjwg[Zso rzrk

wjkokFNok

n?`w gh

Bowdke/Bp/Ntk

gopkbhekbhfrXuKph

:wBk

;oda-:w[BkuZrok-:w[Bk

pzrkb dh ykVhpzrkb dh ykVhpzrkb dh ykVhpzrkb dh ykVhpzrkb dh ykVh

fuZso-2 L gkDh d/ fJe GzvkoB s'I d{;o/ GzvkoB ftZu f;ckoF ehsh ndbk-pdbh


d/ gkDh ~ eoBkNe, nKXo gqd/Fns/ sfwbBkv{ ftZu fJ;s/wkb ehskik ;e/.

eoBkNe d/ gZSwh xkN, i'oki d/ G{r'fbe y/so dk 13 gqfsFsjB, ftZu oki d/ 60 gqfsFs ib;o's jB feT[Ife fJE/ pj[s f}nkdkpkoF g?Idh j? go fJ; dh jo fJZep{zd popkd j' e/ ;w[zdo ftZu obiKdh j?. oki dk pkeh 87 gqfsFsfjZ;k, i' f}nkdkso feqFBk s/ r'dktohxkNh ~ fwbk e/ pDdk j?, ftZu f;oc40 gqfsFs ib ;o's jB fi; bJheoBkNe sfwbBkv{ ns/ nKXo gqd/F BkbndkbsK ftZu ek~Bh bVkJh bV fojkj?. eoBkNe d/ T[sok ezBVk ns/ dZyDezBVk f}fbQnK d/ gZSw tZb trD tkb/dfonk fit/I B/EoktEh, e[nkoXkok, tokshnkfd dk ;kbkBk ib Gzvko brGr 200Nh n?w ;h j? (fuZso-3) id fe feqFBkns/ r'dktoh dk ;KMk ib Gzvko 1300Nh n?w ;h j?.

tksktoB ns/ izrbK Bkb S/V-SkVehs/ fpBK ns/ fpBK b'eK ~ T[ikfVnK gzgGzvko ;ehw okjhI gZSw tZb trD tkb/dfonktK d/ gkDh ~ n;kBh ns/ feckfJsBkb g{oph sfwbBkv{ d/ xkNK tZb w'fVnkik ;edk j?. fJ; bJh oks ;w/I p/ekoiKdh skg T{oik ~ wkB;{B d"okB f;zikJh,T[d:'r ns/ ghD tkb/ gkDh dh ewh dhg{osh d{o eoB bJh tofsnk ik ;edkj?. fJ; gqeko fJj gkDh eoBkNe ftZutosDk ;zGt j't/rk ns/ tkX{ gkDhsfwbBkv{ s/ nKXo gqd/F Bkb ;KMk ehskik ;edk j?.

T[go toBD ehs/ gzi gqki?eNK ~ i/nwb ftZu fbnKdk ikJ/ sK dZyDh okiKnKXo gqd/F, eoBkNe, sfwbBkv{, e/ob s/g[Zv{u/oh dhnK gkDh s/ fpibh dhnK }o{osKdk jZb j' ;edk j? ns/ ;ko/ pj[snokw Bkb ihtB pshs eo ;ed/ jB.

rzrk pqjwg[Zso dfonktK ~ w'VBk

iK fjwkfbnkJh dfonk ftek; fcbjkb;ko/ fbze pqjwg[Zso-rzrk ~ d/F d/ gZSwh

ns/ dZyDh dfonktK Bkb i'VB bJhftjkoesk dk nB[wkB bkT[D tk;s/ fJZe

ft;fsqs nfXn?B eotkfJnk ik ;edk j?sK fe ;ko/ d/F d/ ib ;zeN dk jZb

ehsk ik ;e/ (t/y' fuZso-2). fJ; gqki?eNdh bkrs 8-10 bZy eo'V j' ;edh j? i'

fwbD tkb/ ckfJfdnK d/ w[ekpb/ pj[sf}nkdk BjhI j?. fJ; gqki?eN T[s/ nwb

eoB bJh B/gkb, pzrbkd/F, G[NkB dk;fj:'r }o{oh j't/rk. fJ; gqeko n;hI

gqkfJdhgh dfonkJh ftek; T[s/ nwb eo;ed/ jK ns/ gfjbK gZSw tZb trDtkb/ dfonktK ~ g{op tZb w'V ;ed/jK. rzrk-pqjwg[Zso ~ i'VB dk ezwpknd ftZu ehsk ik ;edk j?.

e[Fb ib gqpzXBe[Fb ib gqpzXBe[Fb ib gqpzXBe[Fb ib gqpzXBe[Fb ib gqpzXB

j/mK BthnK f;zikJh oDBhshnK -ib gqpzXB gqEktK dk toBD ehsk frnkj? i' d/F ftZu gkDh dh ewh d{o eoBbJh nozG ehshnK ik ;edhnK jB L

• u"bK d/ ;zxD/gB (n?; nkonkJh sohek) dk sohek M'Bk bkT[D;w/I tofsnk ikDk ukjhdk j? fi; Bkb40-50 gqfsFs gkDh dh pus j't/rh ns/gqfs j?eN/no MkV ftZu 3$4 NB dktkXk j't/rk.

• Bfjoh$skbkp dh f;zikJh bJh

fBek;h dk gqpzX eoBk ns/ i/ mhej't/ sK fBek; ehs/ gkDh ~ d[pkokf;zikJh bJh fJ;s/wkb eoBk.

• }whB d/ T[sb/ ns/ Xoshj/mb/ gkDh dk ;wMdkoh BkbfJ;s/wkb.

• M'B/ ~ SZv e/, pkeh;kohnK B/V/-B/V/ phihnK \;bKbJh BfjoK ns/ skbkpK s'I ibb? e/ \[jkok f;zikJh gqDkbh dk

fJ;s/wkb.

• eskoK ftZu phihnK ikD tkbhnK;kohnK \;bK fit/I Bowk, ewkd, e/bk,Bkohnb ns/ ;p}hnK nkfd bJh p/jsof;zikJh tkb/ y/soK ftZu s[gek f;zikJh dhF[o{nks eoBk.

• gkDh$o;kfJDe ykdK d/ T[sgkdBT[s/ nXkos f;zikJh.

• fe;kBK ns/ g;ko nfXekohnK ~ib gqpzXB dh f;ybkJh d/Dh.

• fe;kBK ftZu ;[oZfyns gkDh ns/MkV tXkT[D bJh ikro{esk g?dk eoBtk;s/ fgzvK ftZu ;?whBko ns/ ekoiFkbktKdk nk:'iBk eoBk.

• fgzvK ftZu fe;kB d/ y/s ftZu;ziw Bkb gkDh tosD bJh gqdoFBhns/ ekoiFkbk dk nk:'iB ehsk ikt/.

• pbke gZXo T[s/ y/sh ftfrnkB,g"dk ;[oZfynk nkfd d/ wkwb/ ftZu ibgqpzXB bJh g;ko nfXekoh pDkJ/ ikD.

i/ T[go dZ;/ sohe/ Bkb po;kshgkDh ~ ;zGkb e/ Y[ZetK gqpzXB ehsk ikt/sK d/F ftZu gkDh dh ewh dh ;wZf;nkT[sgzB BjhI j't/rh.

(b/ye tkNo N?eBkb'ih ;?INo, sfwbBkv{n?rohebuo :{Bhto;Nh dk fJzNoB?FB tkNoez;bN?IN s/ ckT{Ivo vkfJo?eNo ns/ ;N/NgbkfBzr efwFB, sfwbBkv{ r"ofwzN dk ;kpek

w?Ipo j?)



gkDh L tZvw[Zbk ;o'sgkDh L tZvw[Zbk ;o'sgkDh L tZvw[Zbk ;o'sgkDh L tZvw[Zbk ;o'sgkDh L tZvw[Zbk ;o's

gkDh dh ewh ns/ f;zikJh bJh iBse fBt/FgkDh dh ewh ns/ f;zikJh bJh iBse fBt/FgkDh dh ewh ns/ f;zikJh bJh iBse fBt/FgkDh dh ewh ns/ f;zikJh bJh iBse fBt/FgkDh dh ewh ns/ f;zikJh bJh iBse fBt/F

;hwk pkmbk;hwk pkmbk;hwk pkmbk;hwk pkmbk;hwk pkmbk

D-gSkDikikikikikGkos rzGho ib ;zeN ftZu'I r[}o

fojk j?. ;'e/ dk gqGkt 50 s'I f}nkdkf}fbQnK ftZu d/fynk frnk j?. ;G s'If}nkdk wkVk jkb wjkokFNo ftZu j?.Gkt/I fe gkDh dh ewh tZy-tZy y/soK ftZutZy'-tZy j? ns/ fJ; dk \;bK, wkbvzro ns/ e[dosh ;o'sK T[s/ gqGkt thtZy'-tZyok j?. go fJ; dh ;fEsh B/ d/F~ fJj ;'uD bJh fJew[Zm eo fdZsk j?fe fJ; fGnkBe jkbks Bkb fet/I BfiZfmnkikt/ fi; B/ brGr 330 fwbhnB b'eK~ nkgDh bg/N ftZu fbnk j?. e/Ido;oeko B/ \;bK d/ B[e;kB dh GogkJheoB, gkDh dh f}nkdk ewh tkb/ y/soKftZu gkDh dhnK GohnK o/b rZvhnK G/iDns/ Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dh ;ziw Bkbtos'I eoB bJh ;'ek okjs gq'rokw F[o{ehs/ jB. fJ; tX oj/ ;zeN Bkb f;ZMDbJh e/Ido ;oeko tb'I okiK ~ wkbhwdd th fdZsh rJh j?.

go ;'e/ dh ;wZf;nk j[D tko-tkodog/F nk ojh j? ns/ fJ; d/ uZbfdnKfJj tZv/ fceo tkbh rZb pD rJh j?fe Xosh j/mbk 75 gqfsFs gkDh f;zikJhbJh tofsnk iKdk j?. xZN pkoF ns/T[u skgwkB Bk e/tb y/shpkVh T[sgkdBT[s/ ;r'I nzB ;[oZfynk T[s/ th wkVk n;ogkT[Dr/. go iB;zfynk d/ tZv/ fjZ;/ dho'}h-o'Nh T[s/ th ;ZN wkoBr/ i' d/F ftZuy/shpkVh T[s/ fBoGo jB. gqXkB wzsohfeqFh f;zikJh :'iBk sfjs tZv/ s/ S'N/

f;zikJh gqki?eNK ftZu fBt/F ~ j[bkok d/DbJh gq;skt gfjbK jh g/F ehs/ ik u[Ze/

jB. fJ; bJh fJj ikDBk wjZstg{oBj't/rk fe tZv/-dofwnkB/ f;zikJh gqki?eNK

T[s/ ehs/ tZv/ iBse you B/ f;zikJhj/mbk oepk tXkT[D ns/ y/shpkVh T[sgkdB

~ o\sko d/D ftZu pDdk :'rdkBgkfJnk j? iK BjhI< i/ BjhI, sK j[D t/bk

nk frnk j? fe bx{ s/ tZvhnK f;zikJhgqDkbhnK ~ fXnkB ftZu oZy e/ fBt/F

eoB bJh fsnkoh ehsh ikt/, seBhehns/ d{;o/ d]b ngDkJ/ ikD i' f}nkdk

T[gi d/D d/ Bkb-Bkb gkDh dh tos'I dhe[Fbsk ftZu th tkXk eod/ jB. fJ;

;G d/ bJh gkDh d/ wkwb/ ftZu j'oK s'IfJbktk fBt/F, Bfjoh gkDh ns/ Xosh

j/mb/ gkDh dh tos'I T[s/ fdZsh ikD tkbh;pf;vh ;zpzXh ftZsh BhshnK ftZu pdbkn

eoB dh }o{os gt/rh. fJ; gou/ ftZutZvhnK, dofwnkBhnK s/ S'NhnK f;zikJh

;ehwK bJh iBse ;o's dh tzv ~T[ikro eoB dh e'fFF ehsh rJh j?

ns/ fJ; fBt/F dh e[Fbsk dk nzdk}kbkfJnk frnk j? fi; dk T[d/F gkDh dh

ewh d/ jZb bJh ;zGt Bhshrs dybKT[s/ o'FBh gkT[Dk j?. Gkos d/ tZv/ okiK

ftZu 1981-82 s'I 2013-14 sZe gVskbehsh rJh j? feT[Ife gkDh ns/ y/shpkVh

d't/I jh okiK Bkb ;zpzfXs ftF/ jB. ;k~fJ; y/so ftZu tZy-tZy okiK ftZu tZy'-tZy

youk t/yD ~ fwb ;edk j?. fJBQKnzefVnK d/ ;o's ftZsh yks/ ns/ Gkos

;oeko d/ y/shpkVh ;zpzXh nzeV/ jB.iBse you s/ ;wK bVh d/ nzefVnK ~n?; vh gh fvcb/No dh tos'I eoe/2004-05 ~ nXko toQk wzBfdnK n;behws ftZu pdb fdZsk iKdk j?. f;zikJhT[s/ fdZsh ikD tkbh ;pf;vh dk e[Zb;zukbB ns/ oZy oykn bkrsK ns/ ftZshykfsnK s'I fwb/ ft;fsqs nzefVnK w[skpef;zikJh y/so s'I j'D tkbh e[Zb nkwdBftukb/ coe ti'I fj;kp bkfJnk iKdk j?.ftnki dh ndkfJrh ~ nkwdB gqkgshftZu Fkwb ehsk iKdk j?.

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fBt/F B/ 70ftnK ns/ 80ftnK d"okB ;Gs'I tZX :'rdkB gkfJnk. jo/ fJBebkpd/ ;w/I fJ; fBt/F T[s/ T[u MkV tkbhnKfe;wK B/ fwb e/ fBZih fBt/F ftZu s/}hfbnkT[D, \;bK dk tZX MkV gqkgs eoBns/ d/F ~ nBki dh g[okDh E'VQ s'I nzBd/ wkwb/ ftZu ;t?-fBoGo pDkT[D bJhGog{o wdd ehsh. f;zikJh ftZu fBt/F d/FeshFkbh s/ rohph jNkT[D d/ gqGktKT[s/ 1990ftnK ftZu ;VeK s/ f;Zfynk d/y/so Gko{ j' rJ/, fi; Bkb ;pf;vhnK s'IfBt/F tZb iBse you spdhbh dk d"oF[o{ j'fJnk (c/B, r[bkNh ns/ E'okN2000). go y/shpkVh ftek; ~ j[bkokd/D bJh f;zikJh y/so ftZu fBt/F dktZvk jzGbk ;zB 2000 ftZu wkfonk frnki' ekch bzwK ;wK j/mb/ gZXo T[s/ uZbfojk ;h. 80ftnK ns/ 90ftnK d/ 944fpbhnB d/ w[ekpb/ 2000 ftZu n;bhehwsK d/ nkXko T[s/ fBt/F fJedw tXe/ 240H4 fpbhnB j' frnk. nKXo gqd/F,r[ioks, eoBkNe, wjkokFNo, nDtzv/ fpjkons/ wZX gqd/F ftZu fBt/F f}nkdk s/}hBkb tfXnk. fgSbh gqEk ~ nrKj s'ofdnKyou/ dk tZvk fjZ;k (81 gqfsFs) dofwnkBhnK;ehwK ftZu bkfJnk frnk ns/ brGr13 gqfsFs S'N/ f;zikJh gqki?eNK ftZubZfrnk, 1 gqfsFs ewKv y/so d/ ftek;,5 gqfsFs jVQK dh o'eEkw ns/ e[ZM e[

fjZ;k Bfjoh f;zikJh bJh ;pf;vh d/ yks/ftZu frnk. 2005-06 s'I wZX gqd/F, e/ob,T[vhFk d/ Bkb-Bkb T[soh okiK B/ thtZvhnK f;zikJh :'iBktK ftZu fBt/F nozGehsk fi; d/ Bshi/ ti'I f;zikJh T[s/ e[Zbyou ftZu'I dofwnkB/ gqki?eNK bJh g{zihrsyou dk fjZ;k 62 gqfsFs xZN j' frnkns/ tZv/ gqki?eNK bJh 19 gqfsFs tXfrnk. tZv/ s/ dofwnkB/ gqki?eNK bJh;w{fje o{g ftZu fBt/F 3 r[DK tX frnkns/ S'NhnK f;zikJh :'iBktK ftZu fJjtkXk 2H5 r[Dk fojk. S'NhnK f;zikJh;ehwK d/ w[ekpb/ tZvhnK s/ dofwnkBhnKf;zikJh :'iBktK ftZu fBt/F dh ;kbkBkftek; do :ehBh s"o s/ tZX j?.

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;[Xko nkt/rk, ]k; eoe/ ewkd ns/e/fbnK dh y/sh ftZu. p/FZe oki ;oekoKtb'I fJ; pko/ T[sFkjs e'fFFK ns/;pf;vhnK fdZshnK ik ojhnK jB gofJBQK ~ ngDkT[D ns/ fpyfonk j'fJnkc?bkn jkb/ th xZN j? i' \;bK nXhBe[Zb oep/ dk 5 gqfsFs j?. nfXn?Bdo;kT[Id/ jB fe S'NhnK f;zikJh ;ehwKBkb gkDh dh pus j[zdh j?, tkjh dhbkrs xNdh j? ns/ \;b dk MkVtXdk j?. otkfJsh f;zikJh gqDkbh dhs[bBk ftZu s[gek f;zikJh ftXh okjhI tos/rJ/ gqfs fJzu gkDh dk F[ZX bkG 60-80gqfsFs d/ ftueko ;h. go fJ; seBhe~ ngDkT[D d/ wkor ftZu F[o{nksh tZvhg{zih bkrs, tZy-tZy fwZNh d/ jkbks bJhBw{Bk Y[ZetK j'D, ;pf;vh gqkgs eoBftZu w[FfebK ns/ xZN }whB dh wkbehnfVZek pD oj/ jB. ;pf;vh fJAZewjZstg{oB gZy j'D eoe/ fe;kBK d/ fJ;seBhe pko/ c?;bk b?D ~ gqGkfts eodhj?. i/ ;pf;vh t/b/ f;o Bk fdZsh ikt/ns/ tZv/ fe;kB ;pf;vh T[s/ jZE ;kceo ikD sK fJ; dk rohp s/ S'N/fe;kBK dh pj[-frDsh T[s/ wkVk n;ogt/rk (ftFtkBkEB ns/ j'o, 2016).S'NhnK f;zikJh ;ehwK pko/ okFNoh fwFB~ T[u soihj d/Dh ukjhdh j?.

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noEK ftZu fJ; dh }o{os j?. r[bkNh(2016) tb'I fdZs/ rJ/ e[ZM j'o ;[MktKftZu fpibh ns/ Bfjoh gkDh dh ygsd/yD bJh whNo bkT[D/ ns/ fe;kBK ~fpibh gkDh dh pZus eoB bJh T[sFkjd/Dk Fkwb j?. nfijk pus d/ 75gqfsFs d/ pokpo ftZsh ehws d/ pokpofJBkw d/ e/ ehsk ik ;edk j? i' Bt/IfBt/F s'I g{osh dh bkrs d/ nB[gks ftZuj't/rk. d{ik o;sk fJj j? fe ;oekog[okD/ s/ x;/ fgN/ gzg ;?NK dh EK fpibhpukT[D tkb/ Bt/I gzg ;?N bkt/ i' xZN'-xZN 30 gqfsFs fpibh pukT[Dr/. nyhoftZu, gkDh dh tZX ;zGkb ns/ seBheK,xZN gkDh ygs tkbhnK \;bK dh fpikJh~ T[sFkj ns/ ;'e/ dh wko MZbDtkbhnK fe;wK dh fpikJh fJ; ;zeN ~MZbD ftZu :'rdkB gk ;ed/ jB.

Bt/I pD/ oki s/bzrkBk tb'I @ekekshnk#Bkw dk fJZe tZvk gqki?eN F[o{ ehsk frnkj? fi; ftZu otkfJsh sbkpK ns/ MhbK ~g[Bo-;[oihs eoe/ gkDh dh ;zGkb ns/gqpzXB ehsk ik fojk j?. jkb jh ftZunk:'fis @fJzvhnk tkNo the, 2016# d"okBpo;ksh gkDh dh ;zGkb tk;s/ BthnKoDBhshnK f;ZyD ns/ ngDkT[D bJhGkos dh fJ;okJhb Bkb GkJhtkbh fJ;fdFk tZb fJZe ;koEe edw j?. i/ fJBQKc?;fbnK ~ nwb j/m fbnKdk ikt/ sKfJj f;zikJh j/mbk y/so tXkT[D, y/shT[sgkdesk pDkJh oZyD ns/ y/sh nkwdBd[ZrDh eoB ftZu pj[s ekoro ;kpsj'Dr/, fit/I fe gqXkB wzsoh tb'I fusftnkfrnk j?. ;w/I dh wzr j? fe oki;oekoK wip{s gqfspXsk Bkb fBt/F dhnKBhshnK T[bheD ns/ fsnkoh eo b?D.

(b/ye gq'c?;o, ;?INo cko dk ;Nvh nkcohiBb fvt?bgw?IN, itkjo bkb Bfjo{

:{Bhto;Nh, BthI fdZbh j?.)


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o Gkosh d/ fdb ftZu ftF/FEK oZyD tkbh rzrk ftZbyD

;fGnkukoe ns/ nfXnksfwe wjZst tkbh;G s'I tZX gftZso Bdh wzBh rJh j?.2500 feb'whNo d/ dkfJo/ ftZu c?bhrzrk nkgD/ w{b fjwkfbnk d/ rzr'sohrb/Fhno s'I pzrbkd/F d/ ;[zdopB v?bN/sZe bZyK eo'VK ftneshnK tb'I T[g:'rftZu fbnkJh ns/ g{ih iKdh j?. rzrk dksk; tkbk y/so d/F d/ e[Zb xo/b{T[sgkd (ih vh gh) dk brGr 40gqfsFs fjZ;k g?dk eodk j? ns/ Gkos d/nkofEe ns/ ibtk:{ t;hb/ ti'I tZvhwjZssk oZydk j?. nkgDh bzwh :ksokd"okB fJj nkgD/ Bkb brd/ w?dkBhfJbkfenK dh G{wh ~ T[gikT{ pDkT[Dns/ 50 wjZstg{oB Gkosh FfjoK ns/;?IeV/ S'N/ e;fpnK bJh eJh gZyK s'Iwddrko f;ZX j[zdh j?. d[okvb/ T[u/fJbkfenK dhnK fJ; dhnK ;jkfJe BdhnKBkb fJj Gkos dh T{oik g{osh tXkT[DbJh u'yh gD-fpibh g?dk eoB ns/}whBh y/soK ftZu ib nktkikJh y/so ti'InkgDh G{fwek fBGkT[D dh ;zGktBk oZydhj?. Gkos ftubh fJjh Bdh j? i' fe ni/th ekch tkX{ ib Gzvko oZyD ti'I nwhoib ;o's j?.

go pdfe;wsh fe fJj ftFkb BdhfJ; ;w/I djkfenK s'I s/}h Bkb brkskotX ojh t;'I d/ wkV/ ftjko ns/ nDrfjbh

c'e;c'e;c'e;c'e;c'e;

jjjjj

rzrk dh ;ckJh ns/ w[V ;[oihsh L G{sekb ftZu ehs/ rJ/rzrk dh ;ckJh ns/ w[V ;[oihsh L G{sekb ftZu ehs/ rJ/rzrk dh ;ckJh ns/ w[V ;[oihsh L G{sekb ftZu ehs/ rJ/rzrk dh ;ckJh ns/ w[V ;[oihsh L G{sekb ftZu ehs/ rJ/rzrk dh ;ckJh ns/ w[V ;[oihsh L G{sekb ftZu ehs/ rJ/:sB ns/ GftZy dhnK :'iBktK:sB ns/ GftZy dhnK :'iBktK:sB ns/ GftZy dhnK :'iBktK:sB ns/ GftZy dhnK :'iBktK:sB ns/ GftZy dhnK :'iBktK

Gkos nko FowkGkos nko FowkGkos nko FowkGkos nko FowkGkos nko Fowk

dh fFeko j?. rzrk dk BK b?IfdnK jh;t?-fto'Xh fpzp T[GoB/ F[o{ j'D brd/jB. fJe gk;/ fiE/ fJj fBowbsk ns/;[Zuw dh gqshe gftZsosk ~ ;kjwD/fbnkT[Idh j?, d{i/ gk;/ fJj GKs-GKs dhofjzd-y{zjd, gbk;fNe nkfd Bkb Go/gqd{fFs ns/ yV's tkb/ ib Gzvko d/ o{gftZu th B}o nkT[Idh j?. gqd{FD d/ Gkohdpkn tZv/ gZXo T[s/ f;zikJh bJh fJ; d/ib dh tos'I, ib dh tX ojh wzr ns/fJ; d/ w[Zy fjZ;/ ns/ ;jkfJe BdhnKftZu o[etkNK ns/ gkDh ~ j'o fes/ w'VfdZs/ ikD fij/ ekoBK B/ rzrk Bdh dhf;js T[s/ pj[s wkVk n;o gkfJnk j?(o[jb 2015). fJ;/ B[es/ T[s/ nk e/n;hI fJj ;'u e/ j?okB j[zd/ jK fed[BhnK dh ;G s'I FeshFkbh Bdh e{Vk;[ZND tkb/ ;o's ftZu spdhb j' e/ yswj'D T[s/ nk rJh j?.

fJ; T[go BKj gZyh n;o gkT[Dtkb/ pj[s ;ko/ r[zMbdko B[es/ jB i'fpBK F[ZX ehfsnK ;ht/i ns/ T[d:'freofjzd-y{zjd dk fJ; ftZu ;[ZN/ ikD s'I b?e/ fJ; d/ tfjD ftZu o[ektNK gkT[D ns/Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dh nzBQ/tkj tos'I sZec?b/ j'J/ jB. g{ik-gkm s'I pknd G/NkeoB tkbh ;wZroh ns/ ozr-o'rB BkbozrhnK d/th-d/tfsnK dhnK fwZNh dhnKw{oshnK ~ tZy-tZy Xkofwe eow-eKvKT[gozs Bdh ftZu ib-gqtkj eo fdZsk

iKdk j?. xD/ fwnko tkbk fJj ib T[BQKbZyK-eo'VK b'eK ~ p[oh soQK gqGkftseodk j? i' okFNo ns/ ;ojZdK T[bzxfdnKj'fJnK fJ; T[go fBoGo eod/ jB.fJ; s'I S[ZN, Bdh d/ sk; tkb/ jbe/ ftZu;'ek ns/ jVQ dk tkgoBk nkw toskok j?i' fe \;bK, gF{XB s/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ns/ ;G s'I tZX wB[ZyK ~ ikBh-wkbhB[e;kB gj[zukT[Idk j?. rb/FhnoK d/ fgxbDns/ po\ Gzvko d/ xNd/ ikD, po\ dknr/sk fgxbDK ns/ ;odhnK dh o[Zs/dfonktK d/ gkDh d/ gZXo ftZu tkXkT[es ;fEsh ~ j'o pdso pDkT[Idk j?ns/ fJ; sZE tZb ;ze/s eodk j? feibtk:{ spdhbh gfjbK jh fjwkfbnkgops f;yo wkbk ~ gqGkfts eo ojh j?ns/ bzw/ ;w/I T[s/ rzrk Bdh T[go nkgDkn;o gk ojh j?.

gkDh d/ fwnko dk gZXo Bdh d/tZy-tZy n;EkB T[s/ tZy-tZy j?. rzr'sohs'I foFhe/F sZe Bdh ftZu eJh S'N/ ns/s/}h Bkb tfj oj/ gjkVh Bdh-Bkb/ nkDfwbd/ jB ns/ wB[Zyh ;orowhnK s'I fJjxZN gqd{fFs j[zdk j? go fJE/ th fJjgD-fpibh tk;s/ rbs Yzr Bkb ftT[Id/rJ/ pzBQK dh fFeko j[zdh j? fi; Bkbnfs ;zt/dBFhb G{-gqDkbh ns/ i?t tzB-;[tzBsk bJh ]sok yVQk j' iKdk j?. fJ;s'I pknd foFhe/F s'I ekBg[o, nbkjkpkd,gNBk ns/ coZek sZe rzrk Bdh EK-EK


o[ektN dh fFeko ns/ tZv/ gZXo T[s/gbhs j[zdh, (gbhs j'D dk fJj nwbj/mK tZb ~ iKfdnK xND brdk j?).fJ; d/ fJzBk gbhs j'D dk ekoB ;EkBeBkrfoe ndkfonK, y/sh ns/ T[d:'rK dhfJ; ftZu ;[ZNh iKdh ofjzd-y{zjd j?. fJjhg{oph T[so gqd/F ns/ T[soh fpjko d/w?dkBh fJbkfenK ftZu Gkoh jVQK dkekoB pDdh j?. rzrk d/ shi/ ns/nkyoh fjZ;/ ftZu ;[zdopB dk d[BhnK dk;G s'I tZvk ;orow v?bNk nkT[Idk j?ns/ T[E/ th bKx/, b{D/gB ns/ s{ckB gZy'IfJ; ftZu ekch pdbkn nkJ/ jB ns/fJj y/so fog/fonB d/FK dofwnkB ib;o's ;KM/ eoB d/ w[Zd/ T[s/ tZv/ fttkdKdk fFeko j? (nkJh nkJh Nh ;h, 2010).

rzrk ftZu gqd{FD d/ w[Zy ekoBrzrk ftZu gqd{FD d/ w[Zy ekoBrzrk ftZu gqd{FD d/ w[Zy ekoBrzrk ftZu gqd{FD d/ w[Zy ekoBrzrk ftZu gqd{FD d/ w[Zy ekoB

rzrk dk sk; tkbk fJbkek d[BhnKdk ;G s'I tZX npkdh tkbk fJbkekwzfBnk iKdk j? fiE/ 600 fwbhnB Ffjohns/ fdjksh iBsk t;dh j? i' fe d/Fdh e[Zb nkpkdh dk nZXk fjZ;k pDdk j?.fJ; jbe/ ftZu tZvh ns/ pj[-gZyh rohphgkJh iKdh j? ns/ ib ns/ ;kc-;ckJhgqDkbh dh nDj'Id iK fco n;zs'F tkbh;fEsh j?. sk; tkb/ fJ; tX/o/ eoe/y/sh gqXkB fJbke/ ftZu tZvh frDsh ftZuS'N/ gZXo d/ |?o-B/wpX ns/ gqd{FDc?bkT[D tkb/ T[d:'rK, shoE n;EkBKns/ Xkofwe e/IdoK tkb/ Ffjoh e/IdojB. fJ; bJh gqd{FD dk w{b ekoBtZvh nkpkdh, T[d:'fre fJekJhnK, y/sho;kfJDK ns/ Xkofwe g{ik-gkm ;wZrohG/Nk dh ofjzd-y{zjd j? ns/ ;ht/i, wb-w{so ns/ j'o m'; e{Vk-epkVk j?.

(1) ;ht/i ns/ FfjoK dh m';ofjzd-y{zjd rzrk dh w[Zy Xkok 36 J/do}k FfjoK (nkpkdh dZ; bZy s'I T[go),14 ph do}k FfjoK (nkpkdh gzikj j}kos'I fJZe bZy) ns/ brGr 20,000 sZedh nkpkdh tkb/ brGr 50 S'N/ FfjoK

ftZu'I r[iodh j?. Gkos d/ e/Idoh gqd{FDezNo'b p'ov (;h gh ;h ph 2013)w[skpe fJj doik fJZe ns/ d' tkb/Ffjo o'}kBk 2H7 nop bhNo ;ht/i g?dkeod/ jB i' fe nzefVnK w[skpe fJ;bJh xZN th j' ;edh j? feT[Ife fJ; dkrDBk dk nXko e;fpnK ns/ FfjoK ~g{osh bJh fdZs/ ik oj/ gkDh ;oekohgkDh d/ fjZ;/ ti'I fbnk ik fojk j? ns/FfjoK ftZu s/ S'N/ e;fpnK ftZu ikfJnkj[zd/ gkDh ~ Fkwb BjhI ehsk frnk.o'}kBk 1H2 nop bhNo ;ht/i ;kc eoBdh ;woZEk tkb/ :zsoK ~ d/yfdnK gskbZrdk j? fe Bdh sZe gj[zuD tkb/;ht/i dk pj[s wkw{bh fijk fjZ;k jh ;'Xeoe/ G/fink iKdk j?. ;h gh ;h ph d/fJe fBohyD ns/ nB[wkB w[skpe rzrkd/ Bkb brd/ rzd/ gkDh dk brGr 26gqfsFs jh F[ZX ehsk iKdk j? id fepj[s gkDh fJ;/ gqd{fFs o{g ftZu jh BdhftZu ik fwbdk j?. okwrzrk, r'wsh,ekbh, iw[Bk, fjzvB s/ eJh j'o ;jkfJeBdhnK sK j'o th tZX gbhs jB i' few[Zy Bdh rzrk ftZu ik fwbdhnK jB.;h gh ;h ph B/ 138 nfij/ rzd/ gkDh d/BkfbnK dh fBFkBd/jh ehsh j? i' fe 6nop bhNo pj[s jh gbhs jkbs tkbkgkDh f;ZXk rzrk ftZu fbnk e/ ;[ZNd/jB. ;?gfNe N?IeK okjhI m'; e{V/-epkV/ d/GzvkoheoB, T[; d/ pkjo fBebd/ ofjDT[go o'e ns/ fJ; ~ nzsw o{g ftZufNekD/ bkT[Dk fJe j'o rzGho ;wZf;nkj?. rzrk sk; tkb/ fJbke/ d/ okiKT[sokyzv, T[so gqd/F, fpjko, Mkoyzv ns/gZSwh pzrkbd/ ;kc-;ckJh ;zpzXh p[fBnkdhYKu/ dh ;fEsh pj[s wkVh j?. 2011 d/sk}k nzefVnK nB[;ko Ffjoh gfotkoK dk45 s'I 53 gqfsFs fjZ;k jh ;?gfNe N?IeKdh tos'I eodk j? ns/ ;?gfNe gqpzXB dhe'Jh ;jh :'iBkpzdh iK gqDkbh BjhI j?ns/ fJBQK ~ y[ZbQ/ w?dkBK, v{zxkn tkbhnK}whBK ns/ BkfbnK ftZu ykbh eo fdZsk

iKdk j? i' fe nZr'I rzrk Bdh ~ gbhseodk j?. 25 gqfsFs nkpkdh y[ZbQ/ ftZugykB/ bJh iKdh j? i' fe wB[Zyh f;jsns/ ib gqd{FD bJh f;ZXk ns/ rzGho]sok j?. rzrk sk; tkb/ okiK e'b m';ofjzd-y{zjd ~ fJeZso eoe/ ns/ fJ; d/Y[et/I fBgNko/ dh n;odko gqDkbh dhxkN j?. tX/o/ fgzv, Ffjo ns/ e;p/ i?t,gbk;fNe, ;h;k, XksK, wo/ gF{ ns/ j'oe{Vk-epkVk dfonk feBko/ fJeZmk eoe/;[ZN iKd/ jB i' fe dfonk d/ tfjD ~o'eD d/ Bkb-Bkb g{oh iBsk bJh pd;{oshns/ pdp'n dk ekoB pDdk j?.

nDtosh ns/ ;[ZN fdZsh rJh XkofwenDtosh ns/ ;[ZN fdZsh rJh XkofwenDtosh ns/ ;[ZN fdZsh rJh XkofwenDtosh ns/ ;[ZN fdZsh rJh XkofwenDtosh ns/ ;[ZN fdZsh rJh XkofweG/IN ;wZrohG/IN ;wZrohG/IN ;wZrohG/IN ;wZrohG/IN ;wZroh

rzrk Gkos dh ;G s'I tZX gftZsoBdh j?, fi; Bkb eJh gqzgoe ns/fwfEjk;e eEktK i[VhnK jB. bZyKFoXkb{nK tb'I o'}kBk tZy-tZy soQK dhnKt;sK fJ; ~ G/Nk ehshnK iKdhnK jB.ftF/F Xkofwe w"fenK ns/ fsUjkoK d"okBbZyK b'e fJ; ftZu fJFBkB eod/ jBns/ ;oho ns/ eZgfVnK dh w?b fJ;ftZu ;[ZN iKd/ jB. uzrh soQK ozr-o'rBehshnK d/th-d/tfsnK dhnK w{oshnK thg{ik-gkm T[gozs ib gqtkj eo fdZshnKiKdhnK jB. fJeZm/ o{g ftZu d/yfdnKfJ; Bkb eJh NB }fjohb/ gdkoE fJ;ftZu ik obd/ jB ns/ fJ; d/ gkDh ~gqd{fFs eod/ ns/ tfjD o'ed/ jB.nD-gSkshnK bkFK ~ th nzs ftZu fJE/jh gqtkfjs eo fdZsk iKdk j? ns/ g{ohsoQK ibkJhnk bkFK dhnK n;EhnK thfJE/ jh gqtkfjs j[zdhnK jB i' fe sk}kgkDh ~ gqd{fFs eodhnK jB.

T[d:'fre pfunk-y[funk gkDh ns/T[d:'fre pfunk-y[funk gkDh ns/T[d:'fre pfunk-y[funk gkDh ns/T[d:'fre pfunk-y[funk gkDh ns/T[d:'fre pfunk-y[funk gkDh ns/ofjzd-y{ zjdofjzd-y{ zjdofjzd-y{ zjdofjzd-y{ zjdofjzd-y{ zjd

tZv/ Ffjo tZv/ gZXo T[s/ gqd{fFseoB tkbhnK S'NhnK ns/ tZv/ gZXo dhnKo;kfJfDe, eFhdh eoB tkbhnK, y[okens/ v/noh, r[Zdk ns/ ek|}, yzv, eZgVk


ns/ ozrkJh ns/ uwVk ;k\ eoB tkbhnKT[d:'fre fJekJhnK d/ th e/Ido jB.fJj ;ko/ T[d:'r tZv/ gZXo T[s/ ib dhtos'I eofdnK fJ; ~ gqd{fFs eodhnKns/ }fjohb/ pu/ gkDh ~ dfonk ftzu;[ZNdhnK jB. fJBQK T[d:'fre fJekJhnKbJh pu/-y[u/ gkDh ~ ;k\ eoB pko/B/wpzdhnK pj[s ew}'o jB ns/ T[d:'rKtb'I fJBQK dh nkw nDd/yh ehsh iKdhj?. T[d:'fre ofjzd-y{zjd nkw s"o s/}fjohbh ns/ gkDh ftzu i}p Bk j';eD tkbh j[zdh j? fJ; bJh Bdh d/ib ihtK nr/ rzGho ]sok yVQk eodhj?.

y/sK s'I g?dk gqd{FDy/sK s'I g?dk gqd{FDy/sK s'I g?dk gqd{FDy/sK s'I g?dk gqd{FDy/sK s'I g?dk gqd{FD

Gkt/I fe BkrfoeK ns/ T[d:'fregqd{FD d/ w[ekpb/ y/sK s'I g?dk j' fojkgqd{FD ekch xZN j? fco th tX/o/ fFZdstkbh y/sh d/ Bdh ezY/ tkb/ ns/ sk;nzdob/ fJbkfenK ftZu BdhB-BkFe ns/

ehN-BkFe dtkJhnK dh ofjzd-y{zjd Bdhd/ gkDh ftZu gqd{FD dk tZvk ]sok j?(fsqt/dh 2010). y/sh o;kfJDK dk Bdhnzdob/ e[dosh ;zs[bB ~ ftrkVB ftZufJe gqw[Zy G{fwek j?, Bdh nkgDh ;ckJhy[d eo ;eD dh nkgDh ;woZEk jhr[nk pfjzdh j?. gF{nK ns/ nkw y/sh d/gqd{FD g?dk eoB pko/ gqGktK ~ ni/;wfMnk BjhI frnk go ykdK ns/ y/sho;kfJDK dh brksko tX ojh tos'I ns/y/sh ftZu tkXk ns/ tzB ;[tzBsk Bkb ;k\gkDh d/ gbhs j'D dhnK ;zGktBktKpDdhnK jB.

tksktoB ;zpzXh rshFhbsk dh xkNtksktoB ;zpzXh rshFhbsk dh xkNtksktoB ;zpzXh rshFhbsk dh xkNtksktoB ;zpzXh rshFhbsk dh xkNtksktoB ;zpzXh rshFhbsk dh xkN

fJZe f;jswzd dfonk s'I ;kvk GktfJj j[zdk j? fe tZy-tZy ;zpzfXs b'VtzdKdhnK b'VK g{ohnK eoB s'I pknd T[;ftZu g{ok ;kb T[u do}/ dk gkDh trdkoj/. fe;/ th ;w/I ns/ T[; d/ fe;/ thfjZ;/ ftZu ed/ th yV's Bk nkT[Idh j't/.

feT[Ife ;ko/ wB[Zyh tos'Ieko ns/ tos'I

b'VK i'okto j[zdhnK jB, fJ; nwb ftZu;G s'I gfjbK Bdh d/ e[dosh tfjD ns/

;zs[bB ftZu o[etkN g?Idh j?. tZy-tZyBfjoK okjhI Xosh T[gob/ gkDh dk fyZfunk

ikDk ns/ sk; tkb/ fJbke/ ftZu Xoshj/mb/ gkDh dh tos'I Bdh d/ e[dosh

tjkn T[s/ wkVk n;o gkT[Idh j?. jfod[nkos'I tkokD;h sZe rzrk dk fJe j}ko nZ;h

feb'whNo oepk tZy-tZy ;o'sK s'I gqd{FDd/ p'M, Bfjoh gkDh ns/ Xosh j/mb/

gkDh dh f;zikJh bJh tos'I ekoB ;G s'ItZX gbhs j?. jfod[nko, fpiB"o ns/

Bo"r s'I BfjoK eZY/ ikD s'I pknd d/nB[wkB do;kT[Id/ jB fe w{b rzrk Bdh

T[E/ g{oh soQK ysw j' iKdh j? ns/ pj[sjh xZN iK Bk wkso o{g ftZu jh fJj

ib tksktoB ;zs[bB bJh ;/tktK d/Dns/ Gkoh gqd{FD p'M ~ nkgD/ ftZu ;wk

;eD d/ ;woZE ofjzdh j?.

rzrk ~ ;kc eoB dhnK fgSbhnKrzrk ~ ;kc eoB dhnK fgSbhnKrzrk ~ ;kc eoB dhnK fgSbhnKrzrk ~ ;kc eoB dhnK fgSbhnKrzrk ~ ;kc eoB dhnK fgSbhnKe'fFFke'fFFke'fFFke'fFFke'fFFk

gbhs tksktoB, ;fGnkuko ns/ wB[Zyhf;js s'I S[ZN Bdh dh wkVh f;js fJ;T[go fBoGo tZvh nkpkdh dh T[gihtekT[s/ th wkVk n;o gkT[Idh j?. rzrk d/ezY/ d/ fJbkfenK ftZu t;d/ 200 fwbhnBs'I tZX b'e Gkos d/ ;G s'I tZX rohpb'eK ftZu'I jB. T[so gqqd/F, fpjko ns/gZSwh pzrkb dh ;op ftnkge rohph dk@gkDh dh rohph# Bkb ;zpzX i[Vdk j?.fpBK ;'X ehfsnK ;ht/i ns/ j'o e{V/nkfd dk f;ZXk Bdh ftZu ;[ZN fdZsk ikDkrzrk Bdh dh f;js bJh pj[s jkBhekoej?. Bdh d/ gkDh ftZu e'bhckow dkn;o T[uk j/ ns/ fJj nkw s"o s/ fJenZX EktK ~ SZv e/ ghD ~ sK ehBjkT[D d/ th :'r BjhI wzfBnk iKdk.fJe j'o ]so/ tkbh rZb fJj th j? fefgSb/ djkfenK d"okB ;fEsh ftZu ;[XkoB}o BjhI nkfJnk. fJ; d/ T[bN e'bhc'ow

skfbek-1 L rzrk sk; tkb/ fJbke/ ftZu w[Zy T[d:'fre fJekJhnK tb'Itos/ iKd/ ;k\ gkDh ns/ SZv/ iKd/ rzd/ gkDh d/ nzeV/

T[d:'fre fJekJh e[Zb gkDh dh pfunkfJekJhnK tos'I rzdk gkDh

n?w n?b vh n?w n?b vh

o;kfJfDe 27 210H9 97H8(46H4%)*

Fokp s/ j'o eFhdh eoB dhnK fJekJhnK 23 78H8 37H0 (46H9%)

y[oke, v/noh ns/ ghD tkb/ gdkoE 22 11H2 6H5(58H0%)

r[Zdk ns/ ek|} 67 306H3 201H4(65H8%)

yzv 67 304H8 96H0(31H5%)

eZgVk, ozr-ekN, ns/ ozrkJh 63 14H1 11H4(80H9%)

uwVk ;kc eoBk 444 28H7 22H1(77H0%)

j'o 41 168H3 28H6(17H0%)

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wdd, fBrokBh ns/ skbw/b Bkb i[Vh;z;Ek j? i' fe Y[et/I oki gZXoh gq'rokwgqpzXB ;zrmBK (n?; gh n?w ih) dhwdd Bkb d'jok T[d/F b? e/ ezw eoojh j?. fJj j? Bdh dh sk; tkb/ jbe/pko/ ftnkgesk tkbk otZJhnk oyfdnKgqdF{D T[go n;odko fB:zsqD eofdnKrzrk Bdh dh ;KG ;zGkb eoBk. fJ;T[d/F bJh n?B n?w ;h ih ~ fJBQKNhfunK dh gqkgsh bJh b'VhIdhnK ;GekotkJhnK eoB d/ nfXeko fdZs/ rJ/jB.

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rzrk Bdh dh ;kc-;ckJh BthI ;oekod/ soihjh ekoiK ftZu'I fJZe j? ns/e?pfBN ;eZso/s ns/ gqXkB wzsoh d/d\so tb'I fJ; dh brksko fBrokBhehsh ik ojh j?. rzrk dh ;ckJh Bkb;zpzfXs pj[s/ ezw-eki tksktoB ns/izrbks wzsokbk s'I gkDh d/ ;o'sK pko/wzsokbk tZb spdhb eo fdZs/ rJ/ jB.BthI B[jko do;kT[D bJh wzsokb/ dk BKpdb e/ gkDh d/ ;o'sK, Bdh ftek; ns/rzrk w[V ;[oihsh wzsokbk (n?w U vpb:{nko, nko vh n?Iv ih nko) eo fdZskfrnk j?. eJh ftd/Fh ;oekoK (igkB,coK;, :{He/H, f;zrkg[o, nk;No/bhnk nkfd)ns/ ndko/ (nkJh vpb:{ n?w nkJh,E/w;, w[o/-vkofbzr nEkfoNh, p/f;B nEkfoNh)~, fJzvhnB fJz;NhfuT{N nkc N?eBkb'ihd/ ekB;'ofNnw s'I fJbktk fJ; ekoiftZu wdd dh p/Bsh ehsh rJh j?.

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ns/ pj[sks d/ jkbks g?dk j' iKd/ jB.

dfonktK dhnK xkNhnK ftZu wB[ZyhS/V-SkV Bkb jVQK d"okB ;wZf;nktK j'oth rzGho j' iKdhnK jB. f;ZN/ ti'Idfonk d/ T[sb/ ib GzvkoK ~ y'ok bZrfojk j? ns/ rko fwZNh gkDh Bkb f}nkdktr e/ nkT[Idh j? fi; Bkb spkje[zB jVQnk iKd/ jB. jVQ tkb/ w?dkBK ftZu |?oek~Bh s"o s/ ofj oj/ ep}k eoBtkfbnK dhnK ;orowhnK ekoB T[E/ ofjoj/ t;BheK s/ ikfJdkd dk tZvk ikBh s/wkbh B[e;kB j[zdk j?.

tko-tko jVQ s/ ;'e/ dk nkT[DkfJ; rZb dk bykfJe j? fe n;hI ibGzvkoK ~ fte;s eoB ns/ gqpzXB eoBftZu n;cb ;kps j'J/ jK. fJj efjDdh b'V BjhI fe ;kvh tksktoB gqDkbh d/nfjw nzr, gkDh tZb pj[sh stZi'I BjhIfdZsh rJh, f;tkJ/ fJ; d/ id'I d/F ftZu;'ek g?Idk j? ns/ jVQ }whB d/ tZv/ fjZ;/ns/ xoK ftZu spkjh wukT[Id/ jB. sKth, n;cbsk s'I ;pe b?D ns/ ;wZf;nkdk jZb eoB dh pikfJ, gqGkfts b'eK ~E'VQh pj[s okjs gqdkB eoe/ w[Zd/ ~ G[bkfdZsk iKdk j? id'I fe nrb/ ;kb fJj;wZf;nk fco yVQh j' iKdh j?.

jVQK d/ fB:zsqD ns/ gqpzXB bJhjVQK d/ fB:zsqD ns/ gqpzXB bJhjVQK d/ fB:zsqD ns/ gqpzXB bJhjVQK d/ fB:zsqD ns/ gqpzXB bJhjVQK d/ fB:zsqD ns/ gqpzXB bJhphs/ ftZu ehs/ :sBphs/ ftZu ehs/ :sBphs/ ftZu ehs/ :sBphs/ ftZu ehs/ :sBphs/ ftZu ehs/ :sB

50ftnK d/ F[o{ ftZu jVQ gqpzXB dhb'V wfj;{; ehsh rJh ns/ 1954 ftZuokFNoh jVQ gqpzXB gq'rokw nozG ehskfrnk. T[d'I brGr 3 fwbhnB j?eN/no


oepk jVQK s'I ;[oZfynk nXhB fbnKdkfrnk ns/ feBkfonK dh e[Zb bzpkJh6000 feb'whNo d/ brGr ;h. 1954ftZu Bhshrs fpnkB d/ nB[;ko, okFNod/ ;kjwD/ T[d/F jVQK T[s/ ekp{ gk e/ s/gqpzXB eoe/ d/F ~ fJ; s'I fBiksd[nkT[Dk ;h. go pknd ftZu fJj wfj;{;ehsk frnk fe jVQK d/ B[e;kB s'I w[ezwbs"o s/ puDk ftjkoe s"o s/ ;zGt BjhIfeT[Ife eJh xNBktK dh GftZypkDh BjhIehsh ik ;edh i' wB[Zyh ;orowhnK d/pdso j' oj/ jkbks ekoB tkgo iKdhnKjB. fJ; eoe/ T[d'I fJj c?;bk ehskfrnk fe ;[oZfynk d/ Y[Zet/I T[gkn ehs/ikD i' seBheh s"o s/ ftjkoe ns/nkofEe s"o s/ tkip gkJ/ rJ/. jVQK dhg/FhBr'Jh, fusktBh ns/ gqpzXB nkfdT[s/ tX/o/ }'o d/D dk c?;bk ehskfrnk.

f;ZN/ ti'I, okFNoh s/ oki gZXoT[s/ fJBQK w[ZfdnK d/ nfXn?B bJh eJhew/NhnK dk rmB ehsk frnk. nyhoftZu Gkos ;oeko tb'I 1976 ftZu okFNohjVQ nk:'r (nko ph J/) dk rmB ehskfrnk sK fe 1954 s'I b? e/ jVQK s'I;[oZfynk bJh u[Ze/ edwK dh ;whfynkehsh ik ;e/ ns/ ib ;o'sK d/ pj[-gqekohfJ;s/wkb d/ fjZ;/ ti'I jVQK dh ;wZf;nkBkb BfiZmD bJh fJZe ftnkge gj[zupDkJh ik ;e/. fJ; ftZu }o{os w[skpe;[Mkn th fdZs/ ik ;ed/ ;B. 34fwbhnB j?eN/no oepk jVQK dh f}nkdkwko j/m nkT[D d/ s"o s/ fuzBQs ehskfrnk. nfijk nko ph J/ d/ ;w/I j'fJnk.10 fwbhnB j?eN/no oep/ ~ gfjbK jhY[Zet/I s"o s/ ;[oZfyns ehsk frnk ;h.jVQK dh wko j/mb/ tZv/ y/so rzrk-pqjwg[Zso-w/xBk dfonktK dh xkNh ns/gqkdhgh dfonktK d/ sZNh v?bNk y/soKftZu w"i{d ;B. nko ph J/ tb'I ehshnKrJhnK w[Zy f;ckoFK ftZu jVQK tkb/

w?dkBK d/ }'B pDkT[D/ ns/ gqpzXB Fkwb;B sK fe wB[Zyh ;orowhnK ~ fB:zfsqsehsk ik ;e/ feT[Ife jVQK d"okB jVQ tkb/w?dkBK s'I ;w/I-;w/I b'eK dk T[ikVk ns/g[Botk; fJZe nkw rZb pD u[Zek ;h.

f;ZN/ ti'I, 1996 ftZu e/Ido tb'Iy/soh Nk;e c'o; dk rmB ehsk frnksK fe nko ph J/ dhnK f;ckoFK d/gqGkt dh ;whfynk ehsh ik ;e/ ns/nbgekbh s/ bzw/ ;w/I d/ jZb ;[MkJ/ ik;eD. fJBQK f;ckoFK ftZu j'oBK s'IfJbktk gqpzXeh edw, ftFkb jVQ ;zukbBgqki?eNK dk fBowkD (]k; eoe/ T[so-g{op ftZu jVQ d/ w?dkBK d/ }'B pko/n?eN bkr{ j'D s'I pknd) sK fe jVQtkb/ w?dkBK ftZu b'eK d[nkok ep}k eoBBkb BfiZfmnk ik ;e/. ib ;o'sK pko/okFNoh nk:'r B/ 1999 ftZu r"o ehskfe GzvkoB v?w ns/ sNpzXK B/ jVQK s'IgqGkfts tZv/ y/soK ~ gqGkth ;[oZfynkgqdkB ehsh. nk:'r tb'I jVQ tkb/ w?dkBKpko/ n?eN ~ c"oh s"o s/ bkr{ eoB dkth ;[Mkn fdZsk frnk sK fe jVQK tkb/w?dkBK ftZu wB[Zyh d]b-nzdk}h ~ o'fenkik ;e/. 2004 ftZu rzrk s/ pqjwg[ZsodfonktK ftZu nukBe nkJ/ jVQK B/ e/IdobJh fJZe Nk;e c'o; pDkT[Dk }o{oh eofdZsk sK fe ;[Xkokswe edw ;[MkJ/ ik;eD. Nk;e c'o; B/ jVQ gqpzXB d/:sBK ~ j'o gqGkth pDkT[D bJh e/Idodh Fw{bhns dh f;ckoF ehsh. :'iBknk:'r d/ ;zukbB ;w{j B/ th T[d'I e/Idodh Fw{bhns ns/ e/Idoh jVQ gqpzXB;zrmB pDkT[D dh b'V T[s/ }'o fdZsk;h.

okFNoh ib Bhsh, 2012 ftZu ;[MknfdZsk frnk ;h fe Gzvko ;zukbB gqfefonkpDk e/ nfij/ sohe/ Bkb bkr{ ehsh ikt/fe jVQK s'I okjs fwb ;e/ ns/ jVQ d/w";w d"okB rko nkfd fJeZmh j'D ~xZN ehsk ik ;e/. fJ; ftZu ;zGkth w";w

pdbktK Bkb BfiZmD bJh BhshnK ~Fkwb eoB dk th ;[Mkn fdZsk frnkfit/I fe v?wK ftZu gkDh GzvkoB dh;woZEk ftZu tkXk eoBk.

jVQK d/ B[e;kB s' I puD d/jVQK d/ B[e;kB s' I puD d/jVQK d/ B[e;kB s' I puD d/jVQK d/ B[e;kB s' I puD d/jVQK d/ B[e;kB s' I puD d/T[gknT[gknT[gknT[gknT[gkn

jVQK t/b/ f}nkdk B[e;kB ezfYnK s'Ipkjo gkDh tfjD ns/ nkb/-d[nkb/ d/y/soK ftZu GoB Bkb f}nkdk j[zdk j?.B[e;kB ~ xZN eoB bJh ;[oZfynk d/edw u[ZeD/ }o{oh jB fi; ftZu YKukrsT[gkn Fkwb jB fit/I fe GzvkoB v?wjVQ d/ gkDh ~ i}p eoe/ fB:ws eo;eDl sNpzXK dh T[;koh eoBk sK fedfonktK dk gkDh T[Sb e/ pkjo Bknkt/. po;ksh BkfbnK ftZu ;[Xko ns/fBek;h d/ jkbks ftZu ;[Xko eoB dh thb'V j? sK fe jVQ tkb/ jkbks BkbBfiZfmnk ik ;e/. fiE/ fes/ fBek;h dhnK;zGkfts ;wZf;nktK ekoB sNpzXK dhT[;koh BjhI ehsh ik ;edh, nfij/ fgzvK~ B/VbhnK ;VeK Bkb i'VB dhnK ;ehwKth nwb ftZu fbnKdhnK ik ojhnK jB.

1954 ftZu okFNoh jVQ o'e{ gq'rokwnozG j'D T[gozs jVQ o'e{ edw tZv/ gZXoT[s/ u[Ze/ rJ/. T[d'I s'I b? e/ 35000feb'whNo bzw/ sNpzX T[;ko/ rJ/ jB ns/39000 feb'whNo s'I tZX fBek;h BkfbnKftZu ;[Xko ehsk frnk j?. fJ;/ soQK7000 s'I tZX fgzvK ~ ;[oZfyns ehskfrnk j? ns/ fJj edw 2700 s'I tZXj'o e;fpnK$fgzvK sZe tXkJ/ rJ/ jB.fJ; ;w/I d"okB Gzvko rqfj th T[;ko/ rJ/jB fiBQK dh e[Zb ;woZEk 250 ph ;hn?w d/ brGr j?.

jVQK dh o'eEkw s/ GzvkoB v?wKjVQK dh o'eEkw s/ GzvkoB v?wKjVQK dh o'eEkw s/ GzvkoB v?wKjVQK dh o'eEkw s/ GzvkoB v?wKjVQK dh o'eEkw s/ GzvkoB v?wKdk gqpzXdk gqpzXdk gqpzXdk gqpzXdk gqpzX

jVQ o'eD bJh pDkJ/ GzvkoB v?wKd/ wkwb/ ftZu :'iBk tZX ib gqtkj tkb/fdBK ftZu GzvkoB dk gZXo xZN oZyD dh


j'Dh ukjhdh j? sK fe jVQK d"okB nkT[D

tkb/ gkDh ~ Gzvko ehsk ik ;e/. id'IjVQK dk ;wK bzx iKdk j? sK fB:ws

sohe/ Bkb Gzvko d/ gZXo ~ xZN ehskiKdk j? sK fe nrb/ ;kb nkT[D tkb/

jVQK bJh fJ; ~ fsnko ehsk ik ;e/.go, jVQK dk gqpzXB eoB tkb/ nfij/

gqki?eN nkofEe s"o s/ ftjkoe BjhIj[zd/. d{i/ gk;/, f;zikJh ns/ fpibh dhnK

b'VK g{ohnK eoB bJh pj[-wzsth gqki?eNKdh :'iBkpzdh ehsh ik ;edh j? fi; ftZu

jVQ gqpzXB d/ ckfJfdnK ~ th Fkwbehsk ik ;edk j?. i/ f;zikJh ns/ fpibh

jh w[Zy T[d/F j'D, sK :sB fJj j'Dr/fe GokJh d/ ;w/I (;szpo) sZe Gzvko dk

gZXo g{ok :ehBh pDkfJnk ikt/. pj[-wzsth bkGK bJh pDkJ/ gqki?eNK, fi;

ftZu jVQ gqpzXB Fkwb j?, sK :sB Gzvkod/ :'iBkpX ;zukbB okjhI ;zGkth bkGK dk

tZX s'I tZX fJ;s/wkb eoB d/ j'Dr/.fJ; bJh n?bkB/ rJ/ T[d/FK ns/ fJZSsbkGK ~ fXnkB ftZu oyDk j't/rk.

fJ; bJh, wkB;{B d"okB jVQK dh;wZf;nk Bkb BfiZmD bJh soe;zrsnkofEe jZb fJ; ~ f;zikJh, fpibh ns/|?o wkB;{B wjhfBnK d"okB d{i/ ezwKBkb i'VB ftZu j?. fJ; gqeko, T[u ib-gqtkj tkb/ ;w/I d"okB jVQ gqpzXB eoBbJh f;zikJh ns/ gD-fpibh ;ehwK pDkJhnKik ;edhnK jB ns/ nrbk wkB;{BnkT[D sZe tZy-tZy b'VK dh g{osh bJh;zGkfbnk frnk gkDh tofsnk ik ;edkj?.

id'I fJZe pj[-wzsth gqki?eN Gzvko s'I:'iBkpX iK |?o-:'iBkpX sohe/ Bkb jVQgqpzXB gZy s'I ezw b?D dh e'fFF ehshiKdh j? sK ;zukbB nfXekohnK ~ ne;on"yh u'D dk ;kjwDk eoBk g?Idk j?, ]k;eoe/ T[d'I, id'I nkT[D tkb/ jVQ dh f;yoib GokJh w";w d/ nyho ftZu tkgo/. i/Gzvko d/ T[u gZXo ~ gkDh dh nkwd

ns/ p/jso c?;b/ dh g/FhBr'Jh d/ nXkoT[s/ xZN ehsk iKdk j?, sK th pkndftZu ib-Gzvko Bk GoB dh jkbs ftZunfXekohnK dh nkb'uBk ehsh ik ;edhj?. fJ; Bkb b'VK g{ohnK eoB ftZu ewhnkT[Idh j?. i/ nkT[D tkb/ jVQ d/ gkDh~ ;wkT[D bJh Gzvko dk gZXo Y[Zet/IgZXo sZe xZN BjhI ehsk iKdk sK thnfXekohnK ~ nkb'uBk ;fjDh g?Idh j?feT[Ife fJ; Bkb pknd ftZu jVQK s'IB[e;kB j'D dk ]sok j[zdk j?. ;t?-Ekg/ekoe[B fJBQK wkwfbnK ~ wB[Zy d/ pDkJ/j'J/ nky e/ gkDh ;zpzXh g/F/to sohe/Bkb ezw eoB tkfbnK ~ fBFkB/ T[s/b?D bJh tos ;ed/ jB. pj[s ;ko/nfij/ wkwb/ jB id'I v?w d/ gqki?eNKftZu nfXekohnK ~ nfijhnK ;fEshnKpko/ ;fEsh ;gZFN eoBh gJh.

jVQ j'e{ bkG gqdkB eoB tkb/jVQ j'e{ bkG gqdkB eoB tkb/jVQ j'e{ bkG gqdkB eoB tkb/jVQ j'e{ bkG gqdkB eoB tkb/jVQ j'e{ bkG gqdkB eoB tkb/tZv/ gqki?eNtZv/ gqki?eNtZv/ gqki?eNtZv/ gqki?eNtZv/ gqki?eN

1954 ftZu okFNoh jVQ o'e{ gq'rokwdh F[o{nks j'D T[gozs jVQK ~ o'eD d/edw tZv/ gZXo T[s/ u[Ze/ rJ/. T[d'I s'I b?e/ sNpzXK dh T[;koh ns/ BkfbnK nkfdftZu ;[Xko eoB s'I fJbktk pj[s ;ko/ib GzvkoK dh T[;koh th ehsh rJh i'}o{os g?D T[s/ jVQK dh f;yo ;w/I tkX{gkDh ~ i}p eo ;ed/ jB. go, w"i{dk;w/I sZe n;hI ;kbkBk wkB;{B gqtkj d/f;oc 10 gqfsFs ~ jh iwQK eoB d/;woZE jK. tksktoB, ;wkie-nkofEens/ d{i/ w[Zd/, i' ib ftek; gqki?eNK d/okj dk o'Vk pDd/ jB, fJBQK ekoB d/FftZu fgSb/ e[ZM djkfenK s'I ib Gzvkogqki?eNK dh T[;koh dh o\sko Xhwh j?.fJ; dk Bshik fJj j? fe ;k~ jkb/ thjVQK s/ ;'e/ ekoB g?dk j'D tkb/ ib;zeN Bkb i{MDk g? fojk j?.

1954 ftZu okFNoh gq'rokw F[o{ j'Ds'I pknd jVQ o'eD dh ;woZEk tkb/ e[ZMtZv/ w[ezwb j'J/ gqki?eNK ftZu dw'do t?bh

ekog'o/FB, wjkBdh s'I jhoke[zv v?w, skghBdh T[s/ T[ekJh v?w ns/ ;sb[i dfonkT[s/ GkyVk v?w nkfd Fkwb jB. fJBQKgqki?eNK dhnK w[Zy ftF/FskJhnK pko/ j/mKuouk ehsh ik ojh j?. fJBQK gqki?eNKT[s/ T[;ko/ rJ/ v?wK s'I jVQK d/ gkDh d/gqtkj ~ i}p eoe/ fBek; ehsk ik;edk j? sK fe j/mb/ y/so d/ fgzvK ns/FfjoK ~ ;[oZfyns ehsk ik ;e/. go id'ItZv/ jVQ ed/ edkJhI nkT[Id/ jB, fit/I 1s'I 25 ;kb d/ ;w/I pknd sK jVQK BkbGkoh B[e;kB j[zdk j?. jVQ tkb/ y/soK,dfonktK d/ ezfYnK ns/ fJE'I sZe fe w[Zydfonk d/ wkor ftZu pDhnK |?o-ek~Bhp;shnK fJ; dh wko{ bg/N ftZu nkT[IdhnKjB. v?w s'I tkX{ gkDh SZvDk fJ; dh;[oZfynk gZy'I }o{oh j[zdk j?. nfij/ jkbsKT[s/ ekp{ gkT[D bJh jVQ d/ w?dkBK pko/}'B pDkT[D dk n?eN bkr{ eoBk jhfJe'-fJe o;sk j?.

jhoke[zv v?wjhoke[ zv v?wjhoke[ zv v?wjhoke[ zv v?wjhoke[ zv v?w

wjkBdh T[s/ 1957 ftZu pfDnkfJj fJZe gqw[Zy v?w j? fi; dh ibGzvkoB ;woZEk 5222 fwbhnB feT{pewhNo j?. g{oh Gzvko ;woZEk wkB;{B;w/I jVQK ~ fB:zfsqs eoB bJh toshiKdh j? ns/ pknd ftZu iwQK ehsk gkDhf;zikJh s/ fpibh T[sgkdB bJh tofsnkiKdk j?. v?w dh T[;koh j'D s'I gfjbKwjkBdh ftZu nkT[D tkb/ jVQ jo/e ;kbtZv/ gZXo T[s/ spkjh wukT[Id/ ;B.

dw'do xkNh ekog'o/FB nXhBdw'do xkNh ekog'o/FB nXhBdw'do xkNh ekog'o/FB nXhBdw'do xkNh ekog'o/FB nXhBdw'do xkNh ekog'o/FB nXhBT[;ko/ rJ/ v?wT[;ko/ rJ/ v?wT[;ko/ rJ/ v?wT[;ko/ rJ/ v?wT[;ko/ rJ/ v?w

jVQK ~ fB:zfsqs eoB, f;zikJh ns/fpibh T[sgkdB bJh dw'do s/ pkoekodfonktK T[s/ 4 v?w T[;ko/ rJ/ jB.fJj uko v?w-e'Bko, w?EkB, gzu/s ns/fsbkfJnk dh jVQ d/ gkDh ~ Gzvko eoBdh ;woZEk 1603 fwbhnB feT{fpe whNoj? ns/ fJj 1958 ftZu ukb{ j' rJ/;B. fJj dw'do d/ j/mb/ y/so ftZu


jVQK T[s/ ekch fB:zsqD eo ;e/ jB,Gkt/I fe w?EkB ns/ gzu/s v?w jVQ o'eDdh nkgDh g{oh ;woZEk s/ ezw BjhI eooj/.

T[ekJh v?wT[ekJh v?wT[ekJh v?wT[ekJh v?wT[ekJh v?w

skgh Bdh T[s/ 1977 ftZu w[ezwbj'J/ T[ekJh v?w dh GzvkoB ;woZEk 6615fwbhnB feT{fpe whNo j?. fJ; B/j/mb/ y/soK ftZu jVQK dh spkjh ~ ekchjZd sZe xZN eo fdZsk j? ns/ ;{osFfjo ~ jVQK dh wko s'I pukn fbnkj?. fJ; gqki?eN s'I f;zikJh ns/ fpibhT[sgkdB tor/ bkG th gqkgs j[zd/ jB.

GkyVk v?wGkyVk v?wGkyVk v?wGkyVk v?wGkyVk v?w

id'I ;sb[i dfonk T[s/ GkyVk v?wpDkT[D dh :'iBk pDkJh rJh sK f}nkdk}'o fJ; y/so ftZu g?D tkb/ ;'e/ d/gqpzXB T[s/ fdZsk frnk. fJ; gqekof;zikJh nfjw w[Zdk ;h id fe jVQK dkw[Zdk T[Bk wjZstg{oB BjhI ;h. go,7190 fwbhnB feT{fpe whNo dh tZvhGzvko ;woZEk dk fJ;s/wkb jw/Fk j/mb/y/soK ftZu jVQ o'e{ gqpzXB bJh ehskiKdk fojk j?. 1963 ftZu v?w ukb{ j'DBkb fJ; d/ gfjb/ e[ZM ;kbK d"okB jVQKdk gkDh fJ; d/ GzvkoK ftZu i}p j[zdkfojk. feT[Ife fJ; dfonk dh ib T[sgshdk 65 gqfsFs y/so fsZps (uhB) ftZug?Idk j?, fJ; eoe/ T[gob/ y/soK ftZunkT[D tkb/ jVQK dk gsk j/mb/ y/soKftZu jVQ dk gkDh nkT[D T[s/ jh brdkj?. ;G s'I fGnkBe jVQ ;zB 2000 ftZunkJ/ id'I pZdb cND ns/ fsZps ftZunko}h s"o s/ dfonk ftZu o[ektN nkT[DBkb nukBe jVQ nkJ/ ns/ ;sb[i dfonkd/ gkDh dk gZXo 15 whNo uVQ frnk.Gkt/I fe GkyVk s'I T[gob/ fjZ;/ jVQK s'IgqGkfts j'J/, go fJj gkDh v?w d/ GzvkoftZu g{oh soQK i}p j' frnk fi; Bkbgzikp d/ w?dkBh fJbke/ fGnkBe spkjhs'I pu rJ/.

fgSb/ ;w/I d"okB GkrhoEh (rzrk)Bdh T[s/ pD/ Nhjoh gD-fpibh tor/gqki?eNK B/ foFhe/F ns/ jfod[nko ~ jVQKd/ B[e;kB s'I ekch jZd sZe pukfJnk j?i' T[sokyzv d/ y/so ftZu nukBe nkT[Dtkb/ jVQK s'I gqGfts j[zd/ ;B. fJ; v?wB/ nukBe nkJ/ 2H5 bZy feT{;e jVQ d/gkDh ~ i}p eoe/ nkgD/ Gzvko ftZu;wkn fbnk fi; dk e/tb 7 gqfsFs jhj/mb/ Bdh BkfbnK ftZu SZfvnk frnk.fJ;/ soQK jh, Bowdk Bdh T[s/ pfDnk;odko ;o'to gqki?eN th jVQK d/ gqtkj~ ekp{ eoe/ j/mb/ fJbkfenK ftZu jVQKdh wko xZN eoB ftZu ;cb fojk j?.

fJ; ;zpzX ftZu Gkos d/ dfonktK~ i'VB tkbk gqki?eN (nkJh nko n?b)fi; ftZu GzvkoB v?wK dh T[;koh ns/d/F Go ftZu BfjoK dh gqDkbh pDkT[Ddh ebgBk ehsh rJh j? sK fe pqjwg[Zsons/ d{i/ dfonktK d/ jVQK d/ gkDh ~pokpo tzv e/ xkN tkb/ y/soK ftZuG/fink ik ;e/ ns/ gkDh dk tZX s'I tZXfJ;s/wkb j' ;e/. fJj d/F ftZu tko-tko nkT[D tkb/ jVQK ns/ ;'e/ d/ ;zeNs'I fBiks gkT[D dk nfjw pdb j?.


nzs ftZu ib Gzvko bJh v?wK dhT[;koh eoe/ jVQK s'I j'D tkb/ B[e;kB s'Ife;/ jZd sZe ekp{ gkfJnk ik ;edk j?feT[Ife fJj v?w jVQK dh f;yo ;w/I gkDh~ i}p eo ;eDr/ ns/ fJ; ~ Y[Zet/Isohe/ Bkb j/mb/ y/soK ftZu SZfvnk ik;edk j?. dfonktK ~ i'VB dk gq;skftsgqki?eN wko{ jVQK s'I g?dk j'D tkbhnK;wZf;nktK dk fJZe jZb j' ;edk j?. gonfij/ e'Jh jZb BjhI i' jVQK s'I g{oh;[oZfynk gqdkB eo ;eD. fJ; bJh,GzvkoB v?wK s'I fJbktk d/F ~ jVQ d/w?dkBK d/ e[Fb gqpzXB, jVQK s'I pukn,fi; ftZu nkcs bJh fsnkoh, j[zrko/ dh:'iBk, jVQK dh GftZypkDh, fusktBh, |?o-

YKukrs edw fit/I nkcs s'I okjs ns/phwk nkfd Fkwb jB, bJh oDBhshfsnko eoBh gt/rh sK fe jVQK s'I g?dkj'D tkbhnK w[;hpsK ~ xZN ehsk ik;e/.

(b/ye ib ;o's wzsokbk nXhB okFNoh ib;o's nk:'r ftZu :'iBk nk:'r Bkb ib

;o'sK pko/ ;bkjeko ti'I ezw eo u[Zek j?)


ns/ Ffjoh s/ g/Iv{ ofjzd-y{zjd d/ gZyK d/wZd/ B}o ;zGkth T[gkn xVB/ ns/ T[gktKns/ fBt/F dh soihj s?n eoBh }o{ohj't/rh ns/ Bkb dh Bkb ikro{esk bJhw[fjzw ubkT[Dh b'VhIdh j't/rh. gqd{FDo'e pko/ Gkos ftZu gfjb/ ns/ w"i{dkT[gkn dk tZvk fjZ;k ns/ fBt/F ;htoT[;koh ns/ ;ht/i ;ckJh gbKN ekfJweoB T[s/ e/Idfos fojk j?. w"i{dk :'iBkpXfBt/F okjhI ni/ y/sh ns/ gF{nK okjhIg?dk gqd{FD ns/ ftFkb wb-w{so fJeZsoskns/ |?o B?Ntoe ;hto s'I rzd/ gkDh d/fBebD fijhnK ;wZf;nktK T[s/ e/IdoseoBk j't/rk. fJj sith} ehsk iKdk j?fe BthnK gfjbedwhnK pj[-gZyh j'Dns/ ;wZf;nk ~ ftnkgesk ftZu ;wMfdnKfJBQK rZbK tZb fXnkB fdZsk ikt/ fit/I fefpBK ;hto tkb/ Ffjoh fJbkfenK s'Igqd{FD dk p'M jNkfJnk ikt/, nwbhtkstoBe gkDh tjkn fwnko gqpzXBf;bf;bk fte;s ehsk ikt/. w[Zy fB:wKd/ gqFk;B, ;zuko ns/ ;ehw bkr{ eoBdh ;woZEk ftZu ;[Xko ehsk ikt/. fJBQKB[efsnK d/ bkr{ ehs/ ikD Bkb rzrkftZu ;kc ns/ brksko ib-gqtkj pDkJhoZyD dk Nhuk jk;b ehsk ik ;e/rk.

(b/ye ftfrnkBe n?fwo/N; nzsookFNohib gqpzXB ndkok, BthI fdZbh j?.)


:[email protected]

;\k 27 dk pkeh;\k 27 dk pkeh;\k 27 dk pkeh;\k 27 dk pkeh;\k 27 dk pkeh



ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh ;o'sK T[go n;oibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh ;o'sK T[go n;oibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh ;o'sK T[go n;oibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh ;o'sK T[go n;oibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh ;o'sK T[go n;o

Fod e/H i?BFod e/H i?BFod e/H i?BFod e/H i?BFod e/H i?B

D gSkDikikikikikfe;/ th fyZs/ dk ibtk:{ n";s

w";w dh bzph fwnkd (30 ;kb s'I tZX)dk gqshe j[zdk j?. fJj tZy-tZy w";whpdbkn, i' ;w/I Bkb pdbd/ ofjzd/ jB,dh pj[s r[zMbdko gqDkbh d/ f;ZN/ ti'Ij[zdk j?. ibtk:{ n";s w";w d/ s"o s/iK tX/o/ eoe/ fJZe bzp/ ;w/I d/ Y[Zet/Iw";wh pdbkn dh n";s ~ nzefVnK ftZuftykfJnk j?.

ibtk:{ pdbkn, ibtk:{ d/ n";sjkbks iK fJ; dhnK nzefVnK ftZuftF/FsktK (fit/I fe fwnkoh ftubD,tX/o/ g?dk j'Dk, nkfd) i' ekch bzp/;w/I sZe, ]k; s"o s/ fJZe djke/ iK T[;s'I tZX ubdhnK ojhnK j'D dk fJZewjZstg{oB nzeVk ;{ue j?. ibtk:{gfotosB Bk f;oc fJZe ftFth tksktoB;wZf;nk j? ;r'I Gkos fij/ d/F bJh fJZetZvh fuzsk dk ftFk j?.

ibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ekoBibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ekoBibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ekoBibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ekoBibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ekoB

ibtk:{ gfotosB Xosh s'I pkjodhnK iK nzdo dhnK FeshnK ekoB j';edk j?. d' pkjoh FeshnK wjZstg{oBjB. d{;o/ rqfjnK dhnK r[o{sk fyZuFeshnK ns/ ;{oih gqDkbh dk nekFwzvb d/ e/Ido tZb rqfj gE j'D ekoBXosh dk rqfj gE ns/ fJ; d/ r/V dhX[oh dk M[ekn j"bh-j"bh pdbdk ofjzdkj?. @fwbBe'ftu r/V# Xosh d/ ubD d/r/VK dk ;z:[es Bkw j?, fJBQK rVK ftZu

pdbkn pj[s j"bh-j"bh go bzph fwnkodk ibtk:{ pdbkn fbnkT[Idk j?. r/VKftZu fJ; soQK dh fszB fe;w dh fGzBskdh gSkD eo bJh rJh j?. r/V d/;wsb d/ ;zdoG ftZu Xosh dh X[oh dkM[ekn 22H100000 s'I 24H500000 ftueko 41000;kbK ftZu x[zwdk j?. fJ; M[ekn Bkb;{oih rowkfJF jk;b j'D ftZu ;w[Zu/s"o s/ e'Jh n;o BjhI g?Idk go g[bkVns/ ;wK tzv ftZu pdbkn nk iKdk j?.fJ; s'I nZr/, =36000 ;kbK d/ r/V ftZufJe ;EkB T[s/ yVQ/ skfonK d/ w[ekpb/ftZu X[oh dk ;jhgD Xosh dh X[ohd[nkb/ ukb ftZu j"bh-j"bh pdbkn pko/ikDekoh dk ;{ue j?. id'I fJj X[oh fe;/rqfj d/ ;{oi d/ ;G s'I B/V/ j'D dh;{os ftZu ;{oi tZb j[zdh j? sK fJZeXo[th noX r'b/ ftZu d{;o/ noX r'b/Bkb'I o[ZsK ftZu tX/o/ fGzBsk j[zdh j?. nzsftZu fJj Xosh d/ r/V dh ;{oi d[nkb/e/Idosk, ;{oi d[nkb/ Xosh d/ r/V d/nkeko ns/ jk;b j' ojh ;{oih rowh ~fB:zfsqs eodh j?.

ibtk:{ pdbkn dhnK nzdo dhnKFeshnK ibtk:{ gqDkbh d/ nzdo jh ezweodhnK jB. itkbkw[yh d/ cND BkbGkoh wksok ftZu r?;K, oky ns/ jtk ftZuo[ektN g?dk j[zdh j? fi; Bkb ;{oihrowh Xosh T[go gj[zuD ftZu o[ektNg?dk j'D Bkb ibtk:{ T[go n;o g?Idkj?. gEokNh JhIXBK dh fpibh T[sgkdB,rowh g?dk eoB iK NoK;g'oN bJh tos'I

Bkb rohB jkT{; r?;K dh fBek;h, e[ZbfBek;h d/ 70 gqfsFs bJh f}zw/tko j?ns/ ftFth sgF tXD dk w[Zy ekoBpDdh j?. N?eN"fBe gb/NK dh fjZb-i[bdk f;ZXk ;zpzX T[go T[mD, tk:{wzvb ukbns/ ib ftfrnkBh r/V Bkb j[zdk j?.

rohB jkT{; n;oL ;{oi s'I S'NhnKsozrK dh sgF Xosh d/ tk:{ wzvb ftZu'Ir[iodh j? fi; ftZu tZy-tZy fe;w dhnKr?;K j[zdhnK jB. fJ; sgF dk e[ZMfjZ;k tkg; g[bkV ftZu ubk iKdk j?, e[Mtk:{ wzvb ftZu i}p j' iKdk j? ns/pkeh Xosh T[s/ gj[zudk j? fiE'I fJj iKsK tkg; G/fink iKdk j? ns/ iK i}peo fbnk iKdk j?. ]k; s"o s/ Xosh dk;wsb bzph sozr dh Feb ftZu g[bkVftZu sgF G/idk j?. tk:{wzvb ftZu eJhr?;K fJ; bzph sozr dk e[ZM fjZ;k nkgD/ftZu ;wk b?IdhnK jB ns/ fJ; ~ w[VXosh tZb XZe fdzdhnK jB fi; Bkb T[E/rowh g?dk j[zdh j?. fJj r?;K bzphnKsozrK dh sgF ~ nkgD/ e'b oZy b?DBkb, Xosh dh rowh ~ ;ktK oZyD ftZuwdd eodhnK jB i' nfijk Bk j'D dh;{os ftZu Xosh d/ tk:{wzvb okjhI g[bkVftZu \?b iKdhnK jB (fuZso-1). fJ; ~rohB jkT{; n;o dk Bkw fdZsk iKdk j?ns/ i' r?;K fJ; dk ekoB pDdhnK jBT[BQK ~ rohB jkT{; r?;K eo e/ ikfDnkiKdk j?. tk:{wzvb ftZu w[Zy s"o s/ i'rohB jkT{; r?;K w"i{d jB, T[BQK ftZuFkwb jB ekopB vkfJnke;kJhv(;h U

22222),


e[dosh

rohB jkT{;

n;o

tfXnk j'fJnk

rohB jkT{;

n;o

400

380

360

340

320

fjZ;k gqfs fwbhnB

;efoZgN ;w[zdoh ftfrnkB ;z;EkBn?B U J/ J/ noE f;;Nw ohpou b?p'o/Noh

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010;kb

wkou 2013

fuZso-2L jkb jh d/ ;w/I ftZu, tk:{wzvb ftZu ekopB vkfJnke;kJhv d/ xDst ftZupdbkn (;o's L nkJh gh ;h ;h)

fuZso-1L rohB jkT{; n;o dk fuZsqD (;o'sL okFNoh ftfrnkB nekdwh) ;{oi dh fdykJhd/ ojh o'FBh tk:{wzvb ftZu'I fpBK i}p j'J/ bzx iKdh j?. Xosh T[go gj[zuD tkbh e[ZMo'FBh (1) i}p eo bJh iKdh j? ns/ fJBcoko?v sgF (rowh) ftZu pdb iKdh j?, (2) Xoshdk ;wsb fJBcoko?v sgF ~ tkg; tk:{wzvb ftZu XZe fdzdk j? fiE/ fJ; ftZu'I e[ZM fjZ;k(3) rohB jkT{; r?;K tb'I i}p eo fbnk iKdk j? ns/ (4) tkg; Xosh d/ ;wsb tZb XZefdZsk iKdk j?. fJBcoko?v sgF dk e[ZM fjZ;k rohB jkT{; r?;K tb'I ;zGkfbnk BjhI iKdkns/ (5) g[bkV ftZu fyZbo iKdk j?. wkBth ;orowh i' tkX{ rohB jkT{; r?;K tk:{wzvbftZu SZvdh j? (6) fJBcoko?v sgF tXk fdzdh j? i' g[bkV ftZu ikD s'I gfjbK i}p j' iKdhj? ns/ rohB jkT{; n;o tXkT[D ns/ Xosh dh rowh tXD dk ekoB pDdh j?.

BkJhNo; nke;kJhv(n?B U22222), whE/B (;h

n?u44444), eb'o'cb'o'(;h n?c ;h n?;) ekopB

ns/ U}'B (U33333).

;gZFN s"o s/, rohB jkT{; r?;Kdh Xosh dh rowh fB:zfsqs eoB ns/fJ; ~ ihtB dh j'Id bJh Y[et/I sohe/

row oyD bJh pj[s wjZstg{oB j? gofJBQK r?;K dh pj[sks pj[s B[e;kBd/jj[zdh j?. rohB jkT{; r?;K dh gZXo ftZutkX/ Bkb rowh tX ;edh j? fi; Bkbd[BhnK d/ ibtk:{ T[go v{zxk n;o g?;edk j? fi; Bkb ibtk:{ gfotosB j';edk j?. fuZso-2 ftZu jkb d/ ;w/I ftZutk:{wzvb ftZu ekopB vkfJnke;kJhv dhtXh wksok do;kJh rJh j?. T[d:'freeqKsh s'I gfjbK d/ ;w/I (1750) s'I b? e/2015 sZe ftFth tk:{wzvb ftZu ekopBvkfJnke;kJhv, whE/B ns/ BkJhNo;nke;kJhv dh wksok eqwtko 280 gh ghn?w s'I 399 gh gh n?w, 772 gh gh phs'I 1834 gh gh ph ns/ 270 gh gh phs'I 328 gh gh ph sZe gj[zu rJh ;h.fJ; d/ Bkb-Bkb eb'o'cb'o' ekopB dhtZX wksok dh j'Id U}'B d/ ;[oZfynsx/o/ T[go wkVk n;o eo ojh j? i'B[e;kBd/j S'NhnK sozrK dhnK feoBK ~tkg; G/idh j?.

ibtk:{ gfotosB dk ;p{sibtk:{ gfotosB dk ;p{sibtk:{ gfotosB dk ;p{sibtk:{ gfotosB dk ;p{sibtk:{ gfotosB dk ;p{s

nkJh gh ;h ;h (2015) dh gzithIw[bKeD fog'oN B/ eJh ;p{s fdZs/ jB i';gZFN s"o s/ do;kT[Id/ jB fe ftFthsgF ftZu tkXk j' fojk j?. Xosh T[s/eJh irQk s/ 1850 s'I EowkwhNo nzeV/gqkgs jB. jkb d/ djkfenK ftZu n";sftFth ;wsb skgwkB foekov T[ùkd/fynk frnk j?. 1850 s'I j[D sZe, fe;/th fgSb/ djke/ d/ w[ekpb/, fgSb/ fszBdjkfenK ftZu Xosh dk skgwkB T[ukfojk j?. nkJh gh ;h ;h 2014 ftZu B'Nehsk frnk j? fe 1983 s'I 2012 sZe dk30 ;kb dk ;wK T[soh noX r'b/ftZu fgSb/ 1400 ;kbK ftZu nfijk ;Gs'I tZX ;wK j' ;edk j?. eJh soQK d/tZyo/-tZyo/ nzeVk ;?NK s'I gsk brdk j?fe ftFth G{wh ns/ ;w[zdoh ;sj dkfwbk e/ n";s skgwkB dh nzefVnK ftZuo/ykth o[MkB d/ s"o s/ frDsh 1880 s'I


2012 d/ ;w/I ftZu 0H8500000 ;?INhro/v (0H65s'I 1H06) skgwkB ftZu tkXk do;kT[Idhj?.

ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/;o'sK T[go n;o d/ nfXn?B dk;o'sK T[go n;o d/ nfXn?B dk;o'sK T[go n;o d/ nfXn?B dk;o'sK T[go n;o d/ nfXn?B dk;o'sK T[go n;o d/ nfXn?B dksoheksoheksoheksoheksohek

ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/ ;o'sKT[go wkV/ n;o dh o'eEkw bJh g/FktoKns/ c?;bk b?D tkfbnK bJh gfjbK dhgSkD eoB dh b'V bJh, ;G s'I gfjbKj'D tkb/ ;zGkts wkV/ n;oK pko/ ikDb?Dk pj[s }o{oh j?.

nkw ;zuko wkvb iK ftFth ibtk:{wkvb i' tk:{wzvb, T[goh mzYk wzvb G{whdh ;sj ns/ ;w[zdo ftZu G"fseh ns/o;kfJDe gqfefonktK d/ ;{ue jB, ftFthibtk:{ gqDkbh d/ rohB jkT{; r?;K dhtX ojh wksok tZb j[zrko/ bJh ;G s'ItZX fte;s jfEnko jB. Gkt/I ftFthibtk:{ wkvb pj[s r[zMbdko wkvb jBgo fco th f;o\ fJj' wkvb jh y/sohibtk:{ gfotosB d/ brksko G"fsehnzdk}/ g/F eod/ jB i' n;o dh x'yeoB bJh }o{oh j[zd/ jB.

nkw ;zuko wkvb, Xosh T[go ibtk:{dh fszB w[yh rfov ~ do;kT[Idk j? i'ftF/F s"o s/ b/Nt/I o{g ftZu 250 s'I 600feb'whNo j[zdk j? ns/ yVQ/ s"o s/ tk:{wzvb

ftZu 10 s'I 20 gosK ns/ ;w[zdo ftZubrGr 30 gosK j[zdhnK jB. fJ; bJhfJBQK dh pDso g?wkB/ d/ ;zpzX ftZu fi;ftZu pj[s/ w[bKeDK dk n;o d/fynkiKdk j?, nB[wkBs ekch j?. fJ; s'IfJbktk, eJh G"fseh gqfefonktK fit/Ife roi tkb/ s{ckB pj[s S'N/ s"o s/T[md/ jB ns/ eJh nkw ;zuko wkvbKokjhI mhe sohe/ wkvb th BjhI ehs/ ik;ed/. fJ; dh pikfJ, wkgdzv okjhI T[BQKdhnK ftF/sktK dh tZv/ g?wkB/ T[s/ n";seZYh iKdh j?. fi; sohe/ eJh gqfefonktKns/ chvp?e wkvb fsnko ehs/ iKd/ jB,T[; Bkb fJe' fJBg[N okjhI tZy-tZy nkw

;zuko wkvb nbr-nbr Bshi/ th d/;ed/ jB. T[dkjoD d/ s"o s/, e[Mwkvb Gkos dh row o[Zs dh wkB;{BpkfoF ~ pjs[ jZd sZe gqfso{g eo ;ed/jB go eJh BjhI. nkw ;zuko wkvbK d/gqfso{g Bshi/ ibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ;w/InB[;ko ;hoh} d/ s"o s/ T[gbpX jB.T[dkjoD ti'I, ibftfrnkBh fe;/ ;EkBd/ skgwkB d/ ;w/I nB[;ko 2025-2075sZe d/ ;hoh} ftZu fdbu;gh oZy ;ed/jB.

ibtk:{ gfotosB dk gkDh d/ ;o'sKT[go ;zGkts n;o d/yD bJh j/m fdZsksohek ngDkfJnk ik ;edk j? L

• nfij/ nkw ;zuko wkvb dh u'Deo' i' iKu y/so d/ ibtk:{ gfotosBdk ;jh gqfso{g j't/.

• u[D/ rJ/ ib ftfrnkBh wkvbdhnK b'VK nB[;ko Y[et/I nkw ;zukowkvb d/ wkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eo' (nr/d/y').

• ib ftfrnkBh wkvb dh tos'IGftZy d/ ibtk:{ jkbks ftZu gkDh fJeZmkj'D d/ ;o's d/ gqfso{g d/ s"o s/ eo'.

• ib ftfrnkBh wkvb s'I gqkgsBshi/ gkDh gqpzXB wkvbK i' dfonktK dh

0H4

0H2

0

-0H2

-0H4

-0H6

-0H8

-1

(0000 0;h)

1850 1900 1950 2000;kb

fuZso-3L ftFth G{wh ns/ ;w[zdoh ;sj dk fwfbnk i[fbnk n";s skgwkB(;o's L nkJh gh ;h ;h)

rshFhb, skg ns/ tkFgK d/ekbwK ftZu b/NthI ndbk-pdbh

rshFhb, skg ns/ tkFgKd/ ekbwK ftZu yVQh

ndbk-pdbh

gops ftfrnkB, pB;gsh ns/ ;sjhftF/FskJhnK, jo rfov pke; dh

;sj #s/ Fkwb

rshFhb, skg ns/ b{DK dhnK gosK ftZuftyo/t/I, ;ztfjD ns/ \[jko/ tKr T[go ~tfj fBebD ftZu yVQh ndbk-pdbh

ftyo/t/I ns/ e/Ido tZb fyZud/ebkwK ftZu b/NthI ndbk-pdbh

vkH v/ ftv ftBo 1998,2002vkH v/ ftv ftBo 1998,2002vkH v/ ftv ftBo 1998,2002vkH v/ ftv ftBo 1998,2002vkH v/ ftv ftBo 1998,2002ibtk:{ y 'i :{fBNibtk:{ y 'i :{fBNibtk:{ y 'i :{fBNibtk:{ y 'i :{fBNibtk:{ y 'i :{fBN

pZdbK dhnK fe;wKo/vhUn?efNt r?;K ns/ J/no';'b

tkFg eD iwkT[DkrshFhb, r[gs ns/ gqsZy rowh gqGkt

fuZso-4 - ih ;h n?w ftZu tos'I ftZu nk ojh ;t?ftt/e ;ehw (;o's L nkJh gh ;h ;h)


:'iBkpzdh, gkDh d/ e[dosh GzvkoK dhBhsh ~ nkX[fBe pDkT[D bJh fJBg[N d/s"o s/ tos/ ik ;ed/ jB.

wkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoBkwkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoBkwkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoBkwkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoBkwkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoBk

ibtk:{ gfotosB nfXn?B ftZu,;w/I dk g?wkBk S'Nh fwnkd 5 fwzN s'I(Ffjoh gkDh uZeo bJh) fJe ;kb sZedk j' ;edk j?. fJ;/ soQK, Xosh dknkeko th e[ZM tor feb'whNo w[oZp/ s'I(Ffjoh tkNo F?vK bJh) eJh j}kotor feb'whNo (tZvh dfonkJh Bdh xkNhbJh) j' ;edk j?. ftFth ibtk:{ wkvbi' ftFth ibtk:{ dk gqfso{g do;kT[Id/jB, ftFth ibtk:{ gfotosBK d/ Bkg d/;G s'I tXhnk jfEnko jB. go fJjwkvb jkb/ th ftFth ns/ tZv/ y/so d/gZXo T[s/ y/soh ibtk:{ pko/ ft;fsqsikDekoh BjhI d/ ;ed/ i' ibtk:{ ftfrnkBd/ nfXn?B Bkb w/b yKdh j't/. fit/I feT[go fejk frnk j?, nkw ;zuko wkvbKs'I gqkgs f;ZN/ nfij/ jkbks ftZu j[zd/ jBi' pj[s ;ko/ ibtk:{ pdbkn d/ n;opko/ nfXn?B bJh pj[s w'N/ fij/ j[zd/jB.

eJh n;o wkvbK bJh 10 feb'whNoiK xZN d/ g?wkB/ T[s/ ikDekoh ukjhdhj[zdh j?. fJ; bJh nfij/ fe;/ sohe/ dhb'V j? fi; okjhI tZvh gZXo T[s/ nzeV/tos'I ftZu fbnk e/ S'N/ g?wkB/ T[s/nzdk}k brkfJnk ik ;e/. wkg dk g?wkBkS'Nk eoB Bkb nkw ;zuko wkvb gZXod/ nzeV/ tos e/ S'N/ gZXo T[s/ (nkws"o s/ ;N/FB gZXo T[s/) pdbkn pko/ikDekoh jk;b eoB dh e'fFF ehshiKdh j?. d{;o/ FpdK ftZu, wkg dkg?wkBk S'Nk eoB dh seBhe dh nkw s"os/ tos'I nkw ;zuko wkvb s'I gqkgs w'Nh-w'Nh ikDekoh ns/ ibtk:{ gfotosBn;o w[bKeD ns/ ib ftfrnkBh wkvfbzrftZu p/i'V ~ ysw eoB bJh ehsh iKdhj?.

nZieZbQ, w'N/ s"o s/ wkg dk g?wkBkS'Nk eoB d/ d' sohe/ ngDkJ/ iKd/jB L (T) wkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoB dhfefonkFhb seBhe fi; ftZu y/soh gZXodh ikDekoh tZv/ gZXo d/ nkw ;zukowkvb d/ nzefVnK s'I i' y/soh ibtk:{gqfsfefonktK T[go nkXkos j[zd/ jB,

jk;b ehsh iKdh j?, (n) nzeVk ftfrnkBh(iK gq:'r f;ZX) wkg dk g?wkBk S'Nk eoBdk sohek fi; ftZu tZvh gZXo dhnKtk:{wzvb gSkD ehshnK spdhbhnK ns/S'Nh gZXo d/ (;N/FB gZXo) nzefVnK ftZugq:'r f;ZX skbw/b dh tos'I ehsh iKdhj?. fuZso-5 nkw gj[zu ns/ wkg dkg?wkBk S'Nk eoB ~ do;kT[Idk j? L

ibtk:{ gfotosB L nB[e{bskibtk:{ gfotosB L nB[e{bskibtk:{ gfotosB L nB[e{bskibtk:{ gfotosB L nB[e{bskibtk:{ gfotosB L nB[e{bskns/ xNkT[Dkns/ xNkT[Dkns/ xNkT[Dkns/ xNkT[Dkns/ xNkT[Dk

nkJh gh ;h ;h nB[;ko, ibtk:{gfotosB dh nB[e{bsk, tk;sfte iKT[whd ehsh ik ojh ibtk:{ T[s/ieskns/ T[; d/ n;o nB[;ko e[dos ftZu iKwkBth gqDkbh ftZu ;[w/b dh ;{ue j? i'B[e;kB ~ xZN eodh j? ns/ bkGekohw"e/ g?dk eodh j?. nB[e{bsk tZy-tZyfe;wK dh j' ;edh j?. g{opnkGk;h iKfefonkFhbtkdh nB[e{bsk ibtk:{ pdbknd/ n;o d/y/ ikD s'I gfjbK j[zdh j?. i'nB[e{bsk ibtk:{ pdbkn okjhI BjhIj[zdh go e[dosh gqDkbh ns/ wkoehN iKwkBth gqDkbh ftZu spdhbh ekoB j[zdhj?, T[; ~ y[dw[yfsnko iK nkgw[jkohnB[e{bsk fejk iKdk j?.

nkJh gh ;h ;h tb'I nB[e{bB dhfJ; soQK ftnkfynk ehsh rJh j?. ;o'sKftZu ewh fbnkT[D bJh iK rohB jkT{;r?;K d/ roeD ftZu tkX/ bJh wkBthftZfdnk okjhI dybnzdk}h ibtk:{ pdbknd/ ;zpzX ftZu, nB[e{bsk nfijk e'Jh thekoi i' wkBth ihtB iK ;zgsh bJh bzphfwnkd d/ ]so/ iK B[e;kB ~ gZe/ s"o s/ysw eoB iK xZN eoB bJh ehskikt/. ibtk:{ pdbkn bJh nB[e{bskftFth f}zw/tkoh j?. y/shpkVh ns/ izrbksrohB jkT{; r?;K s'I pukn dh ekch;woEk oZyd/ jB. fiE/ nB[e{bsk ibtk:{gfotosB d/ ekoBK s'I puD dk T[gokbkeodh j?, xNkT[D dh gqfefonk fJ; d/n;o s'I pukT[Idh j?. wkV/ n;o ~ xZN

ih ;h n?`w ftFb/FDfit/I fe n?u J/ vh ;h n?w2 2H50%3H750

y/soh ibtk:{ wkvb

ib ftfrnkB

pB;gsh

wkB fuZso

;wkie gqDkbh

Xosh;w[zdo

fJeZsoheoB

fte/IdoheoB

ftFb/FD fit/I fe 50 feb'whNo

fuZso-5 L nkw gj[zu dk ftXh nB[;ko gqrNktk ns/ xNkT[D dh b'V (ftbph ns/ vk;B 2007)


eoB dh ;woEk ns/ ibtk:{ gfotosBs'I j'D tkb/ bkGK dk tZX s'I tZX ckfJdkT[mkT[D ~ nB[e{bDFhb ;woZEk fejkiKdk j?.

nkw FpdK ftZu, fiE/ tX/o/ nB[e{bskj?, T[E/ ;wki ~ j'D tkb/ n;o ekoBxZN fwbkD eoBk gt/rk ns/ b'eK T[goj'D tkb/ wkV/ n;o th fe;/ th ibtk:{ftF/F ftZu xZN j'Dr/. nB[e{bD ~ j'DtkbhnK spdhbhnK dk feqnkFhb pdbknd/ s"o s/ d/yDk ukjhdk j?. xZN nB[e{bDdk noE j? tX/o/ ibtk:{ gfotosB fi;dk tX/o/ fwbkD eoBk gt/rk. fJjrohB jkT{; r?;K dh fBek;h ~ s[ozsxZN eoB dk nkXko j?. rohB jkT{;r?; fBek;h xZN eoB d/ ;w[Zu/ ekoiftZu ibtk:{ nB[e{bD ns/ fwbkD ~fJe' ekoi d/ gfjb{nK d/ o{g ftZu d/yDkukjhdk j?. tZy-tZy y/soK ftZu, ibtk:{;zt/dBFhb ;o'sK fit/I fe ibtk:{;zt/dBFhb \;bK dk fBo:ks, ]k; s"os/ nfij/ d/FK bJh i' ;hws iK ibtk:{;zt/dBFhb nkofEe ;orowh T[go fBoGoeod/ jB, nkofEe ftftXsk nB[e{bBbJh pj[s wjZstg{oB j?. Gkos ftZufe;kB, y/shpkVh Bkb i[V/ ekoiK fit/I fev/noh tgko, wZSh T[sgkdB, cbK dh ;KG;zGkb, xo/b{ ikBto gkbD nkfd dhftftXsk ftZu ekoios j' ;ed/ jB.

w[V tos'I ftZu nkT[D tkbh T{oikgqDkbh fit/I fe gD-fpibh T{oik ;[oZfynkns/ tksktoB ;zGkb ftZu wdd eo;edh j?. ekopB fBek; ~ xZN eoBdk fJe sohek, BthI seBkb'ih fit/I few[V tos'I ftZu nkT[D tkbh T{oik (fit/Ife g"D-fpibh), dh tX/o/ tos'I j?. w[Vs'I tos'I ftZu nkT[D tkbh T{oik dhnKpj[shnK fe;wK e'Jh ]k; rohB jkT{;r?;K g?dk BjhI eodhnK.

G{wh tos'I gfotosB ns/ gqpzXBG{wh tos'I gfotosB ns/ gqpzXBG{wh tos'I gfotosB ns/ gqpzXBG{wh tos'I gfotosB ns/ gqpzXBG{wh tos'I gfotosB ns/ gqpzXB

ibtk:{ gfotosB dh nB[e{bsk bJh

bkr{ ehshnK }whB gqpzXB dhnK otkfJsKgkDh d/ ;o'sK T[go th tZy-tZy fe;w dkgqGkt gk ;edhnK jB. eJh otkfJsK, i'fejk iKdk j? fe G{wh dh ekopB pukT[IdhnKjB - xZN tjkJh, tX/o/ joh y/sh,pkoKwk;h \;bK dh tX/o/ tos'I - G{why[oD s'I th pukT[IdhnK jB ns/ gkDh dhT[swsk ftZu ;[Xko fbnkT[IdhnK jB.fJBQK otkfJsK d/ d{;o/ wkV/ n;o j';ed/ jB fit/I fe g"FfNe sZsK iKehNBkFeK dh xZN tjkJh okjhI tos'I BkbG{wh d/ gkDh dk tX/o/ d{Fs j'Dk. fJBQK;zGkts wkV/ n;oK d/ Bk sK tZv/ g?wkB/T[s/ gZe/ ;p{s fwb/ jB ns/ Bk jh fJBQKdk fwnkoheoB j' ;fenk j? ns/ fJjekopB s'I fwbD tkb/ tksktoB bkGK ~fe; jZd sZe o'e ;ed/ jB, fJj th gZehsoQK gsk BjhI j?.

irbks brkT [D iK w [V s ' Iirbks brkT [D iK w [V s ' Iirbks brkT [D iK w [V s ' Iirbks brkT [D iK w [V s ' Iirbks brkT [D iK w [V s ' Iizrbks T[;kohizrbks T[;kohizrbks T[;kohizrbks T[;kohizrbks T[;koh

;k~ fJj gsk j? fe gqekF ;zFb/FBgqfefonk ftZu g"d/ ekopB vkfJnke;kJhvb?Id/ jB ns/ ekopB d/ roeD pDd/jB. fJ; bJh, i/eo fe;/ y/so ftZuizrbks fsnko ehs/ ikD sK T[j ibtk:{gfotosB d/ nB[e{bD #u wdd eoBr/.fJ; s'I fJbktk, izrbK d/ tksktoB ;[Xko;w/s, j'o th eJh bkG jB. fJj thfejk ik ;edk j? fe izrbK dh G{fwekgkDh d/ uZeo ftZu, ;zdoG T[go pj[sfBoGo j[zdh j? ns/ izrbK pko/ eJhfwfEjk;e rZbK gqubs jB.

nkw eoe/, izrb \;bK, xkj iKe[dosh S'N/ g"fdnK Bkb'I tX/o/ gkDh dhtos'I eod/ jB (gkDh dh jtkV ns/tkFgheoB i' Sso okjhI o'fenk iKdkj?). fJj n;o, T[BQK G{whnK ftZu izrbfsnko ehs/ ikD iK w[V s'I brkJ/ ikD,tX/o/ o'e xkN/ Bkb ;zpzfXs j' ;edk j?,]k; eoe/ fiE/ Sso ;kb d/ tX/o/ ;w/IsZe frZbk oj/ iK ;[Ze/ y/soK ftZu fiE/

iVQK dk tZvk ikb fte;s j' iKdk j? i'bzp/ y[Fe w";w t/b/ gkDh fyZu ns/ tos'Ieodk j? (nkJh gh ;h ;h seBhehd;skt/}).

Bt/I brkJ/ izrb, ;kbkBk pkfoF s'Ith tZX gkDh dh Xosh ftZu'I fyZu e/ tos'Ieod/ jB (jtkV ns/ o'e okjhI). fJ;bJh y[Fe y/soK ftZu tZv/ g?wkB/ s/ izrbT[;koh iK w[V s'I izrb fsnko eoB dkG{wh d/ ib ns/ dfonktK d/ gkDh T[gopj[s n;o g? ;edk j?.

izrb T[;koh ns/ w[V s'I izrbfsnko eoB d/ ib ;zpzXh eJh uzr/n;o jB. so y/soK ftZu izrb fsnkoeoB Bkb, gfjbK gkDh dh f;ZXh YkbftZu s/}h Bkb ewh nkT[Idh j?, fco j"bh-j"bh fJj ;fEo j' iKdh j? ns/ fiT[I-fiT[Io[ZyK dh T[wo tXdh j?, fJj ukb tXiKdh j? (ekbvo 1990). fJ; s'I gskbrdk j? fe w[V s'I izrb T[;koh ns/izrb brkT[D Bkb S'Nh fe;w d/ jVQKftZu ewh nkT[Idh j? ns/ gkDh dh tX/o/;zGkb j[zdh j?. ;hws gkDh tkb/ y/soKftZu tX/o/ gkDh ukj[zD tkbhnK o[ZyK dhnKfe;wK d/ izrb, gkDh d/ tjkn ~ ekchjZd sZe o'e ;ed/ jB. fJ; Bkb pkehpB;gsh gqDkbhnK ~ ns/ w[V s'I gkDhukoi j'D T[go th n;o g? ;edk j?.fJ; s'I fJbktk, gkDh ftfrnkB ftZugfotosB ekoB, G{wh dhnK ftF/FsktKftZu th pdbkn ;zGt j?. izrbK d/ ibftfrnkBh bkG pj[s eoe/ ;zdoG T[gofBoGo eod/ jB. gfjbK s'I pzio j'JhiK xZN T[gikT{ j'Jh G{wh T[go izrbbrkT[D Bkb tksktoB ;[Xko dk pj[sbkG j'fJnk j?.

ibtk:{ gfotosB dk Gkoshibtk:{ gfotosB dk Gkoshibtk:{ gfotosB dk Gkoshibtk:{ gfotosB dk Gkoshibtk:{ gfotosB dk Gkoshib ;o'sK T[go n;oib ;o'sK T[go n;oib ;o'sK T[go n;oib ;o'sK T[go n;oib ;o'sK T[go n;o

nDfrDs gkDh ;o'sK ns/ ;dkpjkodfonktK dh T[gbpXh j'D Bkb GkoshT[g-wjKdhg d[BhnK dk ;G s'I tZX Bw


;EkB j?. f;zX dfonk rzrk ns/ pqjwg[Zso;w/s fjwkfbnk gops d/ dfonk sk}/gkDh d/ ;dkpjko ;o's jB Gkt/I fJBQKdk gkDh |?o wkB;{B ;w/I xN iKdk j?.gqkfJdhgh dfonktK ftZu gkDh dk tjknw[Zy s"o s/ wkB;{B pkfoF ns/ Xosh d/gkDh T[go fBoGo eodk j?. GkoshdfonktK ftZu gkDh dh fwedko ns/tjkn T[go n;o, skgwkB ftZu T[sko-uVkn, whIj toQD ns/ j'o ibtk:{spdhbhnK ekoB j' ;edk j?. Gkosfij/ ftek;Fhb d/FK T[go GftZy ftZuibtk:{ gfotosB dk tX/o/ wkVk n;o g?;edk j? feT[Ife fJE'I dk noEukok tX/o/eoe/ y/sh T[go fBoGo j? ns/ fJjnkpkdh d/ tXD ns/ T[; Bkb i[VhT{oik, sk}/ gkDh ns/ y[oke dh tXh wzrekoB tX/o/ dpkn ftZu j?.

Gkos d/ fjwkfbnk gops ftZu'IfBebD tkb/ dfonktK dk wjZst fJ;sZE s'I ;wfMnk ik ;edk j? fe fJj fszBdfonk, Gkos d/ e[Zb dfonktK d/ gkDhdk 60 gqfsFs s'I tZX fjZ;k fdzd/ jB.fJBQK ftZu tX/o/ eoe/ gkDh po\ ns/rb/FhnoK d/ fgxbD Bkb nkT[Idk j?.fjwkfbnk gops d/ dfonktK ftZu gkDhibtk:{ gfotosB T[go tX/o/ eoe/ fBoGoeodk j? feT[Ife row ibtk:{ BkbtX/o/ po\ fgxbdh j?. gjkVh y/so ftZurb/FhnoK d/ fgxbD ns/ fBZro whIjtoQD ftZu ewh dk f;ZXk n;o gkDh d/;o'sK T[go g?Idk j? fi; dk ghD tkb/gkDh, f;zikJh, gD-fpibh T[sgkdB ns/gkDh d/ j'o bkGK T[go f;ZXk n;o j[zdkj?. ibtk:{ jkbksK ftZu gfotosB Bkbrb/FhnoK d/ fgxbD ftZu tkXk j' ;edkj? fi; Bkb e[ZM djkfenK sZe e[ZMdfonktK ftZu rowh o[Zs/ gkDh dh wksoktX ;edh j? ns/ i/eo rb/Fhno brkskofgxbd/ oj/ sK gkDh d/ tjkn ftZu ewhnk ;edh j?.

Gkos ~ fi; dh noEftt;Ek e[dosh

;o's nXko ns/ ibtk:{ ;zt/dBFhby/soK fit/I fe y/shpkVh, gkDh ns/ izrbks

Bkb v{zx/ s"o s/ i[Vh j?, ;zGkth w";wgfotosB ekoB tZv/ ]so/ dk ;kjwDk

eoBk g? ;edk j?. fJj th j' ;edk j?fe 21thI ;dh ftZu jVQK ns/ ;'e/ pko-

pko nkT[D ftZu tkXk j' ikt/. whIj dhfwedko, sohe/ ns/ shposk ftZu gfotosB

Bkb dfonkJh gkDh d/ tjkn ns/ T[;dh wzr T[go n;o g? ;edk j?, jVK dh

shposk ekoB noEftt;Ek d/ w[Zy y/soKy/shpkVh, p[fBnkdh YKu/ ns/ wekB T[;koh

dk pj[s B[e;kB j' ;edk j?. Gkt/I jVQ;wki d/ ;G nkofEe doi/ d/ b'eK T[go

n;o eod/ jB go fgzvK ns/ FfjoK ftZuofjD tkb/ rohp b'eK T[go fJBQK dk

;G s'I G?Vk n;o g?Idk j?. jVQ ns/ ;'ekgqpzXB ;ehwK ~ jVQK ns/ n"V dh

shposk ftZu tkX/ ~ fXnkB ftZu oZy e/pDkT[Dk j[zdk j?, gkDh ;o's gqDkbh d/Bw{B/ ns/ T[; d/ gqpzXB ftZu w";wh

gfotosB d/ n;o ~ Fkwb eoBk;wMdkoh j't/rh. tZv/ g?wkB/ d/ jVQ

nkgD/ Bkb o/s th fbnk ;ed/ jB fi;Bkb gkDh fJeZmk j'D d/ ;EkB dh GokJh

j' ;edh j?. YKukrs ns/ r?o YKukrsgkDh ;o's gqDkbhnK d/ Bw[B/ ns/ gqpzXB

ftZu ibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ;zGkth n;oKdk fXnkB oZyDk ukjhdk j?. nfBFfussk

d/ ubd/, nfij/ uow;hwK d/ jkbks ftZugfotosB pj[s j?okB eoB tkbk j?.

Gkos d/ ;zdoG ftZu gkDh ;o'sKT[go ibtk:{ gfotosB d/ n;oK d/;zpzX ftZu eoB tkb/ ekoi L

• tX/o/ uzrh fBrokBh bJh gkDhns/ w";w ftfrnkB B?Ntoe ftZu ;[Xko.

• ukb{ jkbsK ftZu jo Bdh y/softZu gkDh dh T[gbpXsk nkX[fBe eo'.

• ukb{ ibtk:{$gkDh ns/ w";w

ftfrnkB ftZu fGzBsk dh fwedko ns/GftZy ftZu whIj toQD dh nkftsh ns/T[; dh shposk d/ n;o pko/ gsk eo'.

• nkw ;zuko wkvbK dh GftZypkDh~ y/soh ns/ Bdh xkNh gZXo sZeftFtk;:'r fwnkoh s"o s/ EZb/ fbnkT[.

• ibtk:{ gfotosB dk ;wsbG{wh ns/ }whB j/mb/ gkDh dh T[gbpXskT[go n;o ns/ T[BQK d/ nkg;h ;zpzXpko/ nzdk}k brkT[ (;w[zdoh sNK ~ftF/F fXnkB ftZu oZyd/ j'J/).

• w";w gfotosB dk G{wh tos'I$G{wh eto ns/ T[BQK d/ gkDh ;o'sK T[gofwb/-i[b/ n;o dk w[bKeD eo'.

• Ffjoh y/soK ftZu whIj toQD d/}'o-fwnkd-nkftqsh d/ ;zpzX d/ n;o dkw[bKeD eo'.

• n"V dh ftnkgesk-fwnkd-nkftqsh(y/shpkVh, w";w ftfrnkB ns/ gkDhftfrnkB ;zpzXh) d/ n;o dk w[bKeDeo'.

• o/s fbnkT[D d/ fwedko T[gons/ T[; d/ gqpzXB dhnK u[B"shnK d/n;o dk w[bKeD eo'.

• pdb/ j'J/ jkbks ftZu gkDhftfrnkBh :'iBkpzdh d/ Bw{B/ ns/ ezwekihfwnkoK pko/ w[V ftuko eo'.

• gkDh y/so ftZu tXh j'Jh ewhns/ fGzBsk dk ;kjwDk eoB bJh Y[etKp[fBnkdh YKuk fsnko eo'.

• nKeeh nkXko ns/ N{b pke;fte;s eo' ns/ ;w[Zfus gkDh ;o'sgqpzXB dk nfGnk; eo'.

nzfsek L fgSb/ e[ZM ;kbK ftZuibtk:{ gfotosB pko/ ftfrnkBe ;wMdkohftZu BkNeh sohe/ tkXk j'fJnk j?. e[doshnzdo{Bh fGzBsk ibtk:{ gqDkbh dk fJZenN[ZN nzr j? go fJj ;w[Zuh ibtk:{




uzrh f;js bJh ;[oZfyns gkDhuzrh f;js bJh ;[oZfyns gkDhuzrh f;js bJh ;[oZfyns gkDhuzrh f;js bJh ;[oZfyns gkDhuzrh f;js bJh ;[oZfyns gkDh n?`; e/ ;oekon?`; e/ ;oekon?`; e/ ;oekon?`; e/ ;oekon?`; e/ ;oeko

ikikikikikftFt ftZu Xosh T[s/ e[Zb gkDh dk

f;oc 0H4 gqfsFs jh ;kvhnK b'VK g{ohnKeoB bJh T[gbpX j? fi; ftZu'I nzdk}B70 gqfsFs y/shpkVh bJh, 22 gqfsFsT[d:'rK bJh ns/ 8 gqfsFs xo/b{T[d/F bJh fJ;s/wkb ehsk iKdk j?. fJZenB[wkB w[skpe 2030 sZe sk}/ gkDh dhw"i{dk Go';/:'r s/ ;fEo g{osh d/ w[ekpb/ftFt ftZu sk}/ gkDh dh wzr 40 gqfsFstZX j't/rh. w";w ftZu pdbkn eoe/;w/I d/ Bkb tZy-tZy d/FK ftZu gkDh dhT[gbpXsk ftZu th tyo/tK nk ;edk j?.

gqfs ftnesh T[gbpXsk d/ wkwb/ftZu Gkos dk gkDh dk y/so ewh dkfFeko fdykJh d/ fojk j? ns/ B/V GftZyftZu gkDh dh xkN tZb tX fojk j?. j'orZbK d/ Bkb-Bkb gkDh d/ rzGho ;zeNdk wsbp j't/rk gkDh s'I g?dk j'DtkbhnK phwkohnK ftZu tkXk, y/sh ns/T[d:'fre T[sgkdB ftZu ewh ns/ ghDtkb/ gkDh dh ewh. nZi id'I r[DtZsktZb t/yd/ jK sK Gkos ftZu gkDh d/y/so dk fBokFkiBe fdqF ;kjwD/ nkT[Idkj? i' ;[oZfyns gkDh dh T[gbpXsk ~ j'oxZN eo fdzdk j?. }whB T[s/ w"i{d ns/Xosh j/mbk brGr 70 gqfsFs gkDhd{fFs j' u[Zek j?. gkDh dh r[DtZsk fJ;ftZu @p[fBnkdh wkgdzvK s'I nrKj# d/gZXo dh w"i{drh s'I wkgh iKdh j?. sk}/gkDh d/ wkwb/ ftZu j'oBK s'I fJbktkfJBQK wkgdzvK ftZu i?fte nke;hiB wzr

D gSkD (ph U vh) dk gZXo, e[Zb e"bhckow ns/wb d/ e"bhckow dk gZXo ns/ Xoshj/mb/ gkDh d/ wkwb/ ftZu o;kfJDe sZs,b{D tkb/ sk}/ gkDh dh wksok Fkwb j[zd/jB, i' gqd{FB dk gZXo fBoXkos eod/jB. fJBQK o;kfJDe sZsK ftZu nko;/fBe(;zyhnk) ns/ Gkoh XksK nkfd Fkwb j';edhnK jB. e/Idoh gqd{FB ezNo'b p'ov(;h gh ;h ph 2013) dh fJZe jkbhnkfog'oN ftZu fJFkok ehsk frnk j? feGkos d/ gZy-tZy fjZf;nK ftZu fBFfusEktK T[s/ id'I dfonkJh gkDh d/ gqd{FB~ wkfgnk frnk sK fJ; ftZu j'oK s'IfJbktk ph U vh, e"bhckow p?eNhohnk;zfynk dk gqd{FB gkfJnk frnk i' gkDhdh r[DtZsk dh froktN tZb ;ze/s eodkj?. Xosh j/mb/ gkDh d/ wkwb/ ftZu}whBh ykokgB, sZNh ykokgB, cb'okJhv,;zyhnk, b'jk, BkJhNq/N nkfd d{Fe, w"i{dj[zd/ jB. oki;EkB, r[ioks, fpjko, n;kwns/ e[ZM j'o oki nfij/ gqd{FB s'IgqGkfts jB.

dfonkJh gkDh w[Zy s"o s/ ib ;'Xe:zsoK (Jh Nh gh), ;KM/ ib-;'Xe :zsoK(;h Jh Nh gh) ;hto/i ;'Xe gbKN dhwkVh ekor[}koh eoe/ d{fFs j[zdk j? fi;d/ f;ZN/ ti'I nF[ZX T[d:'fre euo/ ~dfonk ftZu ;[ZN fdZsk iKdk j?l FfjoK dhrzdrh ~ dfonktK ftZu tjkn fdZskiKdk j?, gqd{FB eoB tkbh ;wZroh ~;'fXnk BjhI iKdk. gqd{FB d/ |?o-;EkBe;o'sK ftZu ehNBkFe :[es y/shpkVh tkbkgkDh, f}nkdkso dfonktK d/ ezfYnK T[s/

Xkowe tos'I bJh ;wZroh iwQK eoBknkfd Fkwb j?.

Xosh j/mb/ gkDh d/ wkwb/ ftZugqd{FB tZX wksok ftZu Xosh j/m'I gkDheZYD Bkb tkgodk j? fi; dk Bshiknzdo{Bh ykokgB, Xosh T[gob/ gkDh dkykokgB, nksFh ns/ rko tkbhnK uNkBKftZu cb'okJhv yfDiK dh w"i{drh, ozrKftZu fBebdk j?. fw;kb d/ s"o s/ Xoshj/m'I gkDh eZYD dh ;op Gkosh n";s61 gqfsFs j? id fe gzikp s/ jfonkDkdh n";s 100 gqfsFs j? fi; eoe/ fJBQKokiK d/ pzio$noX pzio y/soK ftZunzdo{Bh ykokgB tZX j?. Xosh j/m 100-200 whNo d/ dkfJo/ ftZu nko;?fBe(;zyhJ/) dh w"i{drh j? id fe fJ; s'If}nkdk v{xkJh ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk w"i{dBjhI j?. dfonktK ezY/ tZ;/ f}nkdksoFfjoK s/ e;fpnK dk nD;'fXnk rzd-wzddfonk ftZu SZfvnk ikDk nkw fijktoskok j?. T[dkjoD ti'I gNBk ftZurzrk dfonk d/ ;wkBKso trD tkbkokig[o Bkbk ;ko/ Ffjo dk rzdk gkDhdfonk ftZu ;[ZN fdzdk j? fi; Bkbdfonk ftZu tZv/ gZXo T[s/ wb-:[ese"bhckow g?dk j' iKdk j?. fJ;/ soQK jhr[VrkT[I Ffjo d/ wkwb/ ftZu, fiZE/ :w[Bkdfonk ftZu ;[ZND s'I gfjbK g?dk j'J/ 50gqfsFs ;hto/i d/ gkDh ~ ;'XD dkdkntk ehsk iKdk j?, go pkeh pudk 50gqfsFs y[ZbQ/ EK SZv fdZsk iKdk j? i'Xosh ftZu i}p j' e/ j/mb/ gkDh ~d{fFs eodk j?. n;b u[B"sh j? fe


w[jkos ns/ ftZsh ;o'sK s'I ;ZyD/ fBrwnfXekohnK ~ fet/I g/qfos ehsk ikt/ fefJZe dfonk iK d{i/ ;o'sK ftzu Ffjo dkgkDh SZvD s'I gfjbK fJZe Y[Zet/I EK T[s/o'e e/ T[; ~ fet/I ;'fXnk ikt/.

tZy-tZy EktK T[s/ ;o'sK s'I nkT[Dtkbk gqd{FB (T[dkjoD d/ bJh y/sKftZu'I) ftZu rko, o;kfJD ns/ ehNBkFej[zd/ jB. b'V fJ; rZb dh j? fegqd{FeK dh fjbi[b j'D s'I gfjbK T[BQK ~ekp{ ehsk ikt/ iK dfonk ftZu gj[zuD s'IgfjbK jh T[BQK ~ ;'fXnk ikt/. o'eEkwd/ edw fit/I fe YKukrs, |?o-YKukrsedw, ;o's fB:zsqD d/ T[gkn, trD;w/I gqd{FeK dh ;[XkJh nkfd ~ ;fEshnB[;ko tofsnk ik ;edk j?.

nko;?fBe (;zyhJ/) dk ]soknko;?fBe (;zyhJ/) dk ]soknko;?fBe (;zyhJ/) dk ]soknko;?fBe (;zyhJ/) dk ]soknko;?fBe (;zyhJ/) dk ]sok

f;js ;[oZfynk, fpwkoh s'I puD ns/w"s dh do xZN eoB bJh gkDh tXhnkr[DtZsk tkbk ns/ ;GBK dh gj[zu ftZuj'Dk ukjhdk j?. fit/I fe gfjbK dZf;nkfrnk j?, nko;?fBe eb'okJhv fij/ e[doshgqd{FeK ekoB gkDh dh r[DtZsk T[s/ wkVkn;o g?Idk j?. nko;?fBe ;zGt s"o s/;ko/ e[dosh gqd{FeK ftZu'I ;G s'I tZX]soBke j?. tZy-tZy ekoBK eoe/ J/Fhnk;G s'I tZX nko;?fBe s'I gqGkfts j? LghD tkb/ gkDh ftZu w"i{d nko;?fBe s'IghVs 90 gqfsFs ftnesh J/Fhnk ftZuofjzd/ jB. dZyD-g{op J/Fhnk ftZu ;Gs'I tZX gqGkfts d/F rzrk, pqjwg[Zso ns/wheKr dfonktK dhnK xkNhnK ftZu ;fEsjB fit/I fe Gkos, pzrkbkd/F, B/gkb,fwnKwko, EkJhb?Iv, bkr";, ezp'vhnk ns/thnsBkw. d' J/FhnkJh d/F - uhB ns/skfJtkB th f}nkdk gqGkfts jB. dZf;nkfrnk j? fe 150 fwbhnB s'I tZX b'enko;?fBe d/ ]so/ tkb/ y/soK #u ofjzd/ jB.

bzw/ ;w/I sZe nko;?fBe :[es gkDhghDk ;[oZfyns BjhI feT[Ife nko;?fBee?I;o o'r dk ekoB pDdk j?. bzw/

;w/I sZe nko;?fBe tkbk }fjohbk gkDhghD d/ bZSDK ftZu SkJhnK g?Dk, fujo/dk ozr pdbDk ns/ uwVh T[soBk nkfdFkwb jB i' uwVh ns/ c/cfVnK d/e?I;o ftZu th pdb ;edk j?. d{;ok,ykD/ dh bVh T[[s/ th n;o g? ;edk j?fi; d/ }fjohb/ gqGkt j' ;ed/ jB.fJ; dk fFeko T[j GkJhuko/ th j' ;ed/jB i' nko;?fBe gqd{Fs }'B ftZu BjhIth ofjzd/. fog'oNK dZ;dhnK jB fe ykDtkb/ gdkoEK okjhI ekch wksok ftZunko;?fBe ;oho ftZu ubk iKdk j?(fit/I fe nBki, ;p}hnK, cb) i' nko;?fBeBkb gqd{fFs gkDh Bkb T[rkJ/ iKd/ jBiK nko;?fBe :[es gkDh dh tos'I eoe/id'I ykDk gekfJnk iKdk j?.

nko;?fBe s'I pukn dh oDBhshnko;?fBe s'I pukn dh oDBhshnko;?fBe s'I pukn dh oDBhshnko;?fBe s'I pukn dh oDBhshnko;?fBe s'I pukn dh oDBhsh

;G s'I gfjbK nko;?fBe gqD{FB s'I

S[Nekok gkT[D bJh BhshnK pDkT[D bJhedw u[ZeD/ g?Dr/. fJBQK BhshnK ftZu

po;ksh gkDh dh tos'I, ;[oZfyns }whBhgkDh iK ;[oZfyns Xosh j/mbk gkDhFkwb jB. (fiE'I sZe ;zGt j't/, gkDh d/

g[okD/ }whBh ;o'sK fit/I SZgVK, MhbKnkfd dk BthBheoB eoe/ fJE/ gkDh dk

GzvkoB eoBk ukjhdk j?. BthnK seBheK~ nwb ftZu fbnkT[D s'I gfjbK seBheh

pdbK ~ ngDkT[D bJh w'joh iKugqki?eN pDkT[D dh }o{os j?. fiE'I sZe

nko;?fBe jNkT[D d/ gq'rokw T[s/ nwbdk ;tkb j? sK fJ; bJh GkJhukok

nkXkos gj[zu nyfsnko eoBk tX/o/ ekoro;kps j't/rk. iBse f;js fJzihBhnfozr

ftGkr (gh n?u Jh vh) torh J/iz;h dhfBrokBh j/m nwb tk;s/ iBse-fBZih

GkJhtkbh bJh th :sB eoB/ ukjhd/ jBsK fe r[DtZsk, wksok ns/ gkodoFsk

:ehBh pDkJh ik ;e/. d{ik, nko;?fBed/ ;zeN T[s/ ekp{ gkT[D bJh Y[ZethI

fBrokBh, u"e;h ns/ i']w gqpzXB dh b'Vj?. gkDh dh r[DtZsk dh fBrokBh ftZu

;o's e'fvzr, y{j dh v{zxkJh, ihHghHn?;H dh tos'I Fkwb j'D/ ukjhd/ jB.GkJhuko/ dh th Fw{bhns j'Dh ukjhdhj?. nko;?fBe gqd{FeK dh u"e;h ftZu ghn?u, b'jk, ck;c/N, pkJhekop'B/N, w?rBh}ns/ ;bc/N dh iKu j'Dh ukjhdh j?.;o'sK ftZu w;B[Jh ib GokJh, gqd{FeKdk nk; gk; x[bDk ns/ gkDh d/ gZXodh fBrokBh s'I ;[oZfynk j'Dh ukjhdh j?.shik, ykD/ dh bVh ftZu nko;?fBe d/dkyb/ ~ o'eD bJh nzB ;[oZfynk tZb;G s'I tZX fXnkB fdZsk ikDk ukjhdk j?.tZy-tZy ykfDnK ftZu nko;?fBe dk c"ohfBoXkoB j'Dk ukjhdk j?. ykX T[sgkdKftZu Xks d/ gqd{FeK dh fBoXkos wksokT[s/ n?c n?; n?; J/ nkJh tb'I fBoXkosFosK T[s/ ;ysh Bkb nwb ehsk ikDkukjhdk j?. ;w/I-;w/I T[s/ ;koh ykD/ dhbVh dh fBrokBh eoB dh b'V j? fi;ftzu fpikJh ;w/I tos/ rJ/ ns/ ykDkgekT[D bJh tos/ rJ/ gkDh dh iKuFkwb j?. |?o-]so/ tkb/ y/soK ftZuofjD tkb/ b'e th ]so/ tkb/ y/soK s'IykDk nk:ks eoB Bkb ]so/ ftZu nkiKd/ jB. gqfs ;ohoe g[zi nko;?fBe dhf}nkdk ygs ekoB BtiBw/ pZu/ f}nkdki']w ftZu ofjzd/ jB. dtkJh pDkT[DtkfbnK ns/ f;js ;zGkb ekfwnK ~ iBf;js gq'rokwK ftZu tZX uVQ e/ Gkr b?Dkukjhdk j?. nko;?fBe s'I gqd{fFs Bt/Iy/soK dh y'i bJh G{r'fbe ikDekohgqDkbh (ih nkJh n?;) d/ wkvb dh tos'IeoB dh b'V j?.

u"Ek, e/Idoh ns/ oki gZXo T[s/ gkDhdh r[DtZsk ns/ ;[oZfynk :ehBh pDkT[DbJh Y[ZetK fBt/F w[jZJhnk eotkT[D dh}o{os j?. jkFhJ/ T[s/ ofjzdh iB;zfynk~ th nko;?fBe o'eEkw ;ehw ftZu FkwbeoBk ukjhdk j?. b'eK ~ ikro{e eoBdh }o{os j? ns/ T[BQK ~ jo/e gVknftZu Bkb s'oBk gt/rk. fJZe Y[ZethI;zuko oDBhsh fte;s eoBh ukjhdh j?.


gqGkfts y/soK nzdo iB;zfynk d/ fttjkoftZu spdhbh dh b'V j? ns/ fJ; ;zpzXftZu GkJhukoe bkwpzdh nfjw j?.

y[ZbQ/ ftZu gykBk eoBky[ZbQ/ ftZu gykBk eoBky[ZbQ/ ftZu gykBk eoBky[ZbQ/ ftZu gykBk eoBky[ZbQ/ ftZu gykBk eoBk

Gkos ftZu d[BhnK d/ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wbfsnkr eoB tkb/ 50 gqfsFs b'e ofjzd/jB. p/jso ;kc-;ckJh bJh Gkos dfj;dhftek; Nhu/ 2015 (n?w vh ih) g{o/ eoBftZu n;cb fojk L ;z:[es okFNo dk;KMk fBrokBh gq'rokw (i/ n?w gh) fdykT[Idkj? fe d[BhnK d/ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb fsnkreoB tkb/ 964 fwbhnB b'eK ftu'I 564fwbhnB Gkosh jB. Gkos d/ FfjohM[Zrh y/so ns/ fdjksh fJbke/ d't/I fJ;;wZf;nk s'I ghVs jB. brGr 17gqfsFs Ffjoh M[Zrh M¯gVh dh nfX;{fusiB;zfynk ns/ |?o-nfX;{fus M[Zrh M¯gVhdh nfX;{fus iB;zfynk ns/ |?o-nfX;{fusM[Zrh y/soK dh 50 gqfsFs iB;zfynk e'b;kc ;ckJh dhnK p/jso ;j{bsK BjhIjB. fJ; eoe/ T[j y[ZbQ/ ftZu wbfsnkr eod/ jB. y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb fsnkreoB dk wsbp j? wB[Zyh wb dk ;[oZfynssohe/ Bkb fBgNkok Bk j'Dk fi; Bkbb'eK dh f;js T[s/ n;o g?Idk j?. XoshT[gob/ gkDh d/ Bkb-Bkb }whB j/mbkgkDh th ]k; eoe/ d{fFs j' iKdk j?.wB[Zyh wb-w{so ftZu wb f;js bJhpj[s ]soBke j[zdk j?l d;s dhnKphwkohnK ftFt ftZu f}nkdkso y[ZbQ/ ftZuwb dk fsnkr eoB Bkb j[zdhnK jBfi; eoe/ ;kbkBk fJZe fwbhnB s'I tZXftnesh ikB s'I jZE X' pfjzd/ jB. wbd/ fBgNko/ bJh ;[oZfyns gqpzXB dh b'Vj? L ykbh eoB, nktkikJh ns/ ;'X, g[Botos'I iK fBgNkok.

y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb fsnkr eoB dh;wZf;nk S'N/ FfjoK ftZu f}nkdk j?(fijV/ FfjoK dh iB;zfynk 100,000 s'IxZN j?) 2011 dh wodwF[wkoh d/ nB[;ko81H4 gqfsFs gfotko nfij/ jB fiBQK

e'b tZy-tZy soQK d/ gkykB/ jB L ;?gfNeN?Ie (38H2 gqfsFs), yZv/ tkb/ gkykB/ (8H8gqfsFs), rzd/ gkykB/ (1H7 gqfsFs) ns/;hto e[B?eFB tkb/ gkykB/ (32H7 gqfsFs).18H6 gqfsFs gfotkoK e'b gkykB/ BjhIjB s/ T[j ;KM/ gkykB/ (6 gqfsFs) tosd/jB iK y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb fsnkr eod/ jB(12H6 gqfsFs). p/jso ;kc ;ckJh, ;[oZfynsgkDh ns/ fBZih ;kc ;ckJh uzrh f;jsns/ ;fEo ftek; bJh }o{oh jB. e/Ido;oeko dk ;tZS Gkos fwFB (Ffjoh),fi; dk T[d/F 2019 sZe y[ZbQ/ ftZu wbfsnkr eoB ~ g{oh soQK ysw eoBk j?,fJ; fdFk tZb fJZe ;jh edw j?.

;w{fje gj[zu dh b'V;w{fje gj[zu dh b'V;w{fje gj[zu dh b'V;w{fje gj[zu dh b'V;w{fje gj[zu dh b'V

;G s'I gfjbK ;kc ;ckJh ns/;[oZfyns gkDh uzrh f;js dhnK p[fBnkdhb'VK jB. fJBQK y/soK ftZu ;kvhnK okFNohs/ oki gZXoh BhshnK fJZe d{i/ dhnK g{oej'DhnK ukjhdhnK jB. Bkb jh Bkb,tZy-tZy gZXoK T[s/ fJBQK BhshnK ~ bkr{eoB bJh ;z;Ekrs skbw/b T[s/ fJe;[oskj'Dh th }o{oh j?.

d{ik, fiE'I sZe Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dk;zpzX j?, e/Ido ;oeko tb'I 12thI gzi;kbk :'iBk d"okB ;koh ib gos dknB[wkB bkT[D dk T[dw, i/ bkr{ j' ikt/sK t/b/ f;o u[Zfenk frnk edw j?, gofJ; d/ bJh tZy-tZy fXoK ~ ob-fwb e/gqpzXB eoBk j't/rk. fJj pj[s tZvk ezwj? feT[Ife tZy-tZy fXoK ~ fJ; gj[zu dhT[g:'rsk pko/ ;zs[FN eoe/ Bkb FkwbeoBk j't/rk. Xosh j/mb/ gkDh d/ gZXopko/ ikDekoh gqkgs eoe/ tZy-tZy ;[Xkoksweedw fit/I ohukofizr, po;ksh gkDh dh;zGkb, Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ftZu'I gqd{FDjNkT[Dk nkfd, tZy-tZy fXoK ns/ ;oekodh ;KMh GkJhtkbh Bkb u[Ze/ ik ;ed/jB. fB:wK d/ gZy'I w"i{dk @@;"y pko/n?eN## i' fe;/ th G{wh d/ wkbe ~ fJ;;ZukJh d/ pkti{d Xosh j/mb/ gkDh eZYD

dh nkfrnk fdzdk j? fe fJ; dk pkehtos'IekoK T[s/ p[ok n;o gt/rk, fJ; dh;whfynk eoe/ ;'XD dh }o{os j?.

shik, xkNh gZXo d/ ib gqpzXB;zebg ~ bkr{ eoB dh b'V j? pikfJfe dfonk w[yh gj[zu nyfsnko ehshikt/. }whB d/ T[go ns/ Xosh j/mb/gkDh ftukb/ skbw/b th fpmkT[Dk gt/rk.gqd{FB d/ ;fEo ;o's fit/I T[d:'r ns/ubzs ;o's fit/I y/shpkVh tkbk gkDhnkfd ~ gSkD e/ mZbQ gkT[Dh j't/rh.e/Ido ;oeko dk Bwkwh rzr/ gqki?eNT[go'es ;zebg fe;/ jZd sZe bkr{ eoBbJh tXhnk fw;kb j?. fJ; gq'rokwnXhB B/Vb/ T[d:'rK s'I ;kc gkDh dkgqtkj, dfonkJh w[Zy dk ftek;, gqd{FB d/ubzs ;o'sK T[s/ ekp{ gkT[Dk, ;jh noEKftZu fBrokBh oZyDk, m'; euo/ dk gqpzXB,ibrkjK dh ;zGkb, rzrk dfonk d/ Bkb-Bkb fdjksh ;kc ;ckJh ;j{bsK, ;kceuo/ dk gqpzXB, nzsw ;;eko d/ ;[Xo/j'J/ sohe/, pB;gsh dh ;zGkb ns/ Bt/IdoZys bkT[D/, i?fte fGzBsk dh ;zGkbfi; ftZu ;w[zdoh ihtB nkfd Fkwb j?,fijhnK gfjbedwhnK nkT[IdhnK jB.nfijhnK gfjbedwhnK d{i/ dfonktKftZu th F[o{ eoBhnK ukjhdhnK jB.

u"Ek, e/Ido, oki ns/ T[g-okFNohgZXo T[s/ tZy-tZy fXoK tk;s/ ftnkgeikro{esk w[fjzw ftZYD dh b'V j? sK fegkDh dh xNhnk r[DtZsk, ;kc ;ckJh dhnDj'Id, wkVh ;ohoe ;ckJh ns/ wb d/wkV/ gqpzXB s'I g?dk j'D tkb/ f;js ;zpzXh]sfonK ~ ;wfMnk ik ;e/. fJ; w[fjzwftZu ;oeko d/ :sBK ~ j[bkok d/D bJhf;tb ;';kfJNh tZvh G{fwek fBGkn ;edhj?.

(b/ye ib ;o's ns/ izrbks ftGkr, N/oh,BthI fdZbh dk Bkwh w?Ipo s/ fBod/Fe ns/Gkos ;oeko d/ ib ;o's wzsokbk dk;kpek ;eZso j?.)




gkDh dh wjZsskgkDh dh wjZsskgkDh dh wjZsskgkDh dh wjZsskgkDh dh wjZssk

tzdBk fFtktzdBk fFtktzdBk fFtktzdBk fFtktzdBk fFtk

Dh 21thI ;dh dh fJZe pj[sd[obG ns/ T[g:'rh t;s{ j?.

fJj Gkt/I n;kXkoB br/ go ;ZukJh j?.n;b ftZu, gkDh dk 21thI ;dh ftZu T[j;EkB j? i' 20thI ;dh ftZu s/b dk ;h.gkDh d/ tZy-tZy ;o'sK T[go dpkn pj[s;ko/ ekoBK eoe/ j?. fJe gk;/, gkDh dhshposk tkb/ y/shpkVh d/ jo/ fJBebkpdh ftnkgesk, s/}h Bkb tX ojh nkpkdhns/ pdb oj/ ofjD-;fjD d/ Yzr B/sk}/ gkDh dh b'V ftZu tkXk ehsk j? ns/d{i/ gk;/ tos'Ieko y/shpkVh, T[d:'r ns/xo/b{ y/so ftZu ;ys w[ekpb/ B/ }whBd/ gkDh d/ gZXo ~ j'o j/mK XZe fdZskj?. dfonkJh gkDhnK ~ ;zxDh y/sh bJhf;zikJh ns/ Ffjoh T[d:'fre tos'I tZbw'VD Bkb dfonk ;[Ze rJ/ jB. i' e[ZMpfunk j?, T[j T[d:'fre ns/ Ffjoheuo/ ekoB pj[s gbhsB tkbk j' frnkj?, fi; Bkb ihtB skoBh rzrk ns/iwBk dk gkDh ghD :'r BjhI fojk.

d/F ftZu pj[shnK n"osK bJh, fJepkbNh gkDh jk;b eoBk pj[s id'-ifjddk ekoi j?. brGr ;[ZfenK ns/ T[e/gkDh s'I tKM/ ;o'sK ~ gkDh dh fGnzeoewh eo fdZsh j? fi; Bkb ;wki d/;wkie ns/ nkofEe skD/-pkD/ T[go pj[swkVk n;o g? fojk j?. ;'e/ d/ jkbks B/fgzv tk;hnK ~ B"eoh dh sbkF ftZuFfjoK tZb gbkfJB eoB bJh wip{o eofdZsk j?. n"osK ns/ bVehnK ~ j'o thtX/o/ w[FebK dk ;kjwDk eoBk g? fojk

gkgkgkgkgk j?. gkDh fbnkT[D ftZu r[nkfJnk ;wK,ftZsh bkG th d/ ;edk j? fi; Bkbgfotko dk ihtB ;[ykbk j' ;edk j?. i/eo nfij/ w"fenK d/ you/ ~ fXnkB ftZuofynk ikt/ sK fJj ;gZFN j' ikt/rk feg/Iv{ fJbkfenK ftZu tX/o/ xo gfotkoFfjoh xo gfotkoK s'I T[rokj/ ik oj/gkDh d/ ;Kt/I you/ Bkb'I fes/ tZX ndkeo oj/ jB. i/eo gkDh fbnkT[D dhbkrs ~, i' brGr jo ;kb 15 eo'Vn"os fdB d/ pokpo j?, ;oekoh y}kB/ftZu xkN/ d/ s"o s/ frfDnk ikt/ sK fJjjo ;kb 10,000 eo'V o[gJ/ dk p?mdkj?.

oki;EkB ftZu, pj[shnK n"osK ns/bVehnK ;kb d/ pj[s/ ;w/I nkgD/ nkg~ n"y ftZu wfj;{; eodhnK jB. T[jeVedh X[Zg ftZu Bzr/ g?ohI pzio }whB,ezfvnkb/ y/sK iK T{pV-ykpV Xosh T[gogkDh dh y'i ftZu xzfNnK pZXh ubdhnKofjzdhnK jB, i' ne;o fuZeV d/ ozrdk wfNnkb/ fe;w dk j[zdk j? go fcoth xo ftZu ;[Ze/ rb/ bJh ;tkrs:'rj[zdk j?. fJe n"os fJe ;kb ftZu f;ocgkDh fbnkT[D bJh n";s 14,000 feb'whNog?Ivk s?n eodh j?. T[BQK dhnK FfjohG?Dk dh jkbs T[BQK Bkb'I e[ZM uzrh j?feT[Ife T[BQK ~ nfijk g?Ivk s?n BjhIeoBk g?Idk go T[BQK ~ xzfNnK pZXhgkDhnK d/ N?IeoK s'I iK ;Ve feBko/ br/BbfenK s'I gkDh fbnkT[D bJh bzphnKeskoK ftZu yVQ/ ofjDk g?Idk j?.

oki;EkB d/ g/Iv{ fJbkfenK d/ joxo gfotko ftZu gkDh fJeZmk eoB, b? e/nkT[D, Gzvko eoB iK T[; dk gqpzXBeoB dh f}zw/tkoh n"osK ns/ bVehnKdh j[zdh j?. fiBQK fJbkfenK ftZu y/shbJh gkDh BjhI j?, nkdwh ezw dh y'iftZu Ffjoh fJbkfenK tZb fjios eoiKd/ jB ns/ fgS/ n"osK p}[orK ns/pZfunK dh d/yGkb bJh ofj iKdhnKjB. n"osK dk pj[sk ;wK gkDh fbnkT[DftZu bzx iKdk j? ns/ T[BQK e'b j'oezweki bJh pj[s E'VQk ;wK pudk j?.fJ; Bkb bVehnK dh gVQkJh-fbykJh T[gowkVk n;o g?Idk j? feT[Ife i/ bVeh gkDhb?D BjhI rJh sK T[j xo ftZu nkgD/S'N/ G?DK-GoktK dk f]nkb oydh j? id'IT[; dh wK gkDh b?D rJh j[zdh j?.

;oeko B/ fJe ;'uh ;wMh Bhsh d/s"o s/ ;otftnkgh gj[zu :ehBh pDkT[DbJh ns/ fiBQK sZe gj[zu BjhI j' ;eh,T[BQK sZe gj[zuD bJh g/Iv{ ghD d/ gkDh~ T[u gfjb fdZsh j?. d/F d/ eJhGkrK ftZu, ;oeko tb'I 35 bZy j?Iv-gzgbrkT[D ns/ 116 j}ko gkJhg okjhIgkDh g{osh dhnK ;ehwK bkr{ eoB d/pkti{d, b'eK ~ jo ;kb gkDh dh E[VQdk ;kjwDk eoBk g?Idk j?. fi; dk noEfJj j'fJnk fe Gkoh wksok ftZu fBt/Fd/ pkti{d ;kvh gkDh g{osh gqDkbhgkJ/dko BjhI ofj ;eh.

Gkos ftZu, eJh fgzv gkDh g{osh dhE[VQ d/ wko/ jB iK T[BQK ftZu gkDh dk


T[ek jh e'Jh ;o's BjhI j?. i/eo fe;/fgzv d/ 2H5 feb'whNo d/ x/o/ ftZu ghDd/ gkDh dk e'Jh ;o's Bk j't/ sK T[jfgzv |?o gkDh ;o's tkbk iK ;wZf;nktkbk fgzv efjbkT[Idk j?. eJh g/Iv{ y/soKftZu jkb/ th n"osK ~ gkDh d/ ;o's sZegj[zuD bJh 2H5 feb'whNo sZe dk ;cos?n eoBk g?Idk j?. T[j EZeh jkoh xotkg; nkT[Idh j? go T[E/ th T[; ~nkokw BjhI fwbdk feT[Ife T[; ~ xo d/j'o ezw ekiK fit/I ykDk gekT[Dk, eZgV/X'Dk, ;ckJh eoBk, pZfunK dh d/yGkbeoBk ns/ gF{nK dh d/yGkb eoB nkfdftZu o[ZM ikDk g?Idk j?. Fkw ~ fco T[;~ gkDh fbnkT[Dk g?Idk j?. fJ; soQK,g/Iv{ y/soK ftZu fJe n"os dh f}zdrhpj[s G?Vh j?.

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wro'I fJe pkbNh gkDh th BjhI fwbdk.

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ubDk g?Idk j?. T[BQK ~ jo o'} xZN'-xZNfszB tkoh nfijk eoBk g?Idk j?. oki;oeko fgzvK ftZu N?Ieo BjhI G/idh. eJhirQk n"osK ~ 2 eB;so gkDh bJh gzio[gJ/ you eoB/ g?Id/ jB. fJe xVkgkDh dk T[mk e/ whb'I-whb ub ojhnKn"osK d/ fuZso wjkokFNo oki ftZu nkwd/yD ~ fwbd/ jB. wjkokFNo ftZun"osK B/ gkDh dk Gko E[VQ ns/ pj[sksd'jK jkbsK ftZu T[mkfJnk j?. v?wK ns/f;zikJh ekoB n"V jN ikD Bkb n"osKT[go gkDh dk tkX{ Gko g? frnk. T[sohwjkokFNo d/ Bzd{opko f}bQ/ dhnK n"osKnkgD/ d[Zy dk fpnkB eodhnK jB, @@y{jKs'I ;[oZfyns ghD dk gkDh b?D pko/ G[ZbikU. n;hI nkgDk pj[sk ;wK S'NhnKBdhnK ns/ MofBnK ~ bZGD ftZu brkfdzdhnK jK i' ;kvh fgnk; p[MkT[Id/ jB.##eJh n"osK d[bjB d/ o{g ftZu nkJhnK;B, T[BQK d/ tkb y[Fe j' rJ/ jB, goT[BQK dh gkDh bJh Gkb ysw BjhI j'Jhj?.

n;hI G{wh ns/ gkDh ~ pukT[D dhnkgDh f}zw/tkoh G[Zb rJ/ jK. e[dosT[go j' ojh fjz;k ekoB wkBt bJhjzrkwh jkbks g?dk j' rJ/ jB. fJjwjkokFNo d/ wokmtkVk Bkb'I tX/o/ j'ofes/ iZr }kjo BjhI jB. fJ; ;kb,Bkf;e ftZu r'dktoh dfonk ;[Ze frnkj?. Bkf;e d/ gftZso skbkp okwe[zv ftZugkDh BjhI j?. fJE/ FoXkb{ e[zG t/b/fJFBkB eoB nkT[Id/ jB. wokmtkVk d/bN{o e;p/ ftZu gkDh dh fJzBh xkN j?fe f}bQk eb?eNo B/ ;h nko gh ;h dhXkok 144 d' wjhB/ bJh bkr{ eo fdZshj? (10 b'eK s'I tZX d/ fJeZm ~ |?o-e~Bh eoko d/Dk) sK fe gkDh dh;wZf;nk s'I ek~B ns/ ftt;Ek dh ;fEshBk g?dk j' ikt/. gqFk;B B/, Ffjo d/B/V/ d/ 150 y{j nkgD/ nXhB eo bJ/jB feT[Ife bks{o ns/ T[;d/ nk;-gk; d/g/Iv{ fJbkfenK ftZu ofj ojh 4H5 bZy

b'eK dh npkdh ~ gkDh dh g{osh eoBtkbk v?w wkou 2016 ftZu ;[Ze frnk;h.

p[zd/byzv ftZu, n"osK ~ bzph d{ohs'I gkDh nkgD/ f;o T[go Y' e/ fbnkT[Ds'I fJbktk j'o e'Jh ezw BjhI j?. fJep[zd/byzvh ejkts fJ; fGnkBe ;fEsh ~py{ph fpnkB eodh j?, fi; dk w'N/ s"os/ so}wk fJ; gqeko j?, @@gsh Gkt/Iwo ikt/ go gkDh dk fwZNh dk xVk BkN[ZN/.## fuZsoe{N f}bQ/ d/ gkEk ftZu jkbksj'o th yokp jB fiE/ n"osK ~ ghD dkgkDh fbnkT[D bJh bzpk g?Ivk s?n eoBkg?Idk j?. n"osK dk nZXk ;wK gkDhfbnkT[D ftZu jh bzx iKdk j? fi; BkbT[BQK dh f;js ns/ T[BQK d/ gfotko dhGbkJh T[go wkVk n;o g?Idk j?. gkDhdh ;[oZfynk ekoB ;w/I dh ewh xo/b{;wZf;nktK ~ j'o th tXk fdzdh j?.

E'VQ/ ftZu, brGr 15 eo'V n"osfdB ns/ 10,000 eo'V o[gJ/ gkDh fbnkT[DftZu you j' iKd/ jB.

gkDh dh E[VQ ftnkgesk ns/ rzGhoskd/ ;zpzX ftZu Gkos dh ;G s'I tZvh;wZf;nk j? fi; Bkb jo fszB ftZu'I fJeftnesh T[go n;o g? fojk j?. 2016ftZu, 33 eo'V s'I tZX b'e n"V dk;kjwDk eo oj/ jB. fJE'I sZe feu/BZJh, pzrb[o{, fFwbk ns/ fdZbh ftZu thgkDh dk okFB ikoh j? ns/ y[oke ;[oZfynk~ ]sok g?dk j' frnk j?. eo'VK b'eKdh o'}h-o'Nh ns/ f}zdrhnK ~ ]sok g?dkj' frnk j? ns/ Ffjoh Gkos gkDh dhd[jkJh d/ fojk j?.

d{o-doki d/ e'Nk s'I gkDh dh rZvhokjhI gkDh fbnkT[D s/ gkDh N?eoK okjhIgj[zukfJnk ikdk j?. fiE/ ghD d/ gkDh d/jzrkwh jkbks E'VQh fwnkd bJh ;zGkbbJ/ ikDr/. y/shpkVh d/ ;zdoG ftZu;kvh gkDh gqDkbh ftZu p[fBnkdh spdhbhdh b'V j?. 1980 d/ djke/ ftZu, w?~


T[; t/b/ d/ :'iBk nk:'r B/ fJ; ;wZf;nkdh gVskb eoB bJh fejk ;h fe feT[Ipkti{d fJ; d/ fe wjkokFo dh ghD d/gkDh bJh tX/o/ piN d/D dh p/Bsh ikohojh go gkDh dh ;wZf;nk ed/ th jZbBjhI j' ;eh ;h. w/oh iKu s'I gsk brkfe 1972 dh n"V ~ ftFt p?Ie B/ rzB/dh fpikJh T[go }'o d/D bJh tofsnkfi; ~ fNT{pt?bK ns/ p'ot?bK okjhI G{whftZu'I gkDh eZY e/ Gog{o f;zikJh dh b'V;h. fJj T[;/ soQK ;h fit/I 1965 dhn"V ~ Gkos ftZu jok fJBebkp fbnkT[DbJh tofsnk frnk ;h.

wokmtkVk gZSwh xkN d/ whIj goSkt/IftZu ns/ fJE/ n";s 600-700 fwHwhHpkfoF g?Idh j?. dZyD No?g dh ;ysuNkBh ;sj ekoB fJE'I dk fJ; gkDh dkf;oc 10 gqfsFs fjZ;k jh Xosh ftZui}p j[zdk j?. rzB/ dh \;b ~ 1200fwHwhH gkDh dh b'V j[zdh j? i' ;kbkBkohukoi Bkb'I 20 r[DK tZX j?. id'I G{whftZu T[gbpX gkDh Bkb'I 20 r[DK gkDhtZX eZfYnk ikt/, gkDh dk nekb g?Dkid'I pkfoF ;kthI th j't/, :ehBB j?.

Gkos ftZu 1995 s'I 30,000 fe;kBKs'I tZX ][de[Fh eo u[Ze/ jB. T[BQK ftZu'Ipj[s/ phHNhH egkj d/ y/so ftZu jB.wjkokFNo ftZu fe;kB y[de[FhnK d/ 75gqfsFs wkwb/ wokmtkVk ns/ ftdoGy/so ftZu j[zd/ jB. wjkokFNo ftZuiBtoh s'I d;zpo 2015 ftZu 3228fe;kBK B/ y[de[Fh ehsh, fi; ftZu'I 1536ftdoG ftZu ns/ 1454 wokmtkVk ftZu;B. phHNhH egkj ~ tgkoe wB}{oh2001-02 ftZu fwb ikD s'I gfjbKwokmtkVk ftZu egkj nXhB y/socb0H89 bZy j?eN/no ;h. fJe ;kb d/nzdo-nzdo 2003-04 ns/ 2004-05 ftZuwokmtkVk ftZu phHNhH egkj nXhBy/socb ftZu 11 r[Dk tkXk j'fJnk ns/fJj 0H89 j?eN/no s'I tX e/ 10 bZy

j?eN/no j' frnk. fJ; s'I pknd d/djke/ ftZu phHNhH egkj nXhB y/so18H386 bZy j?eN/no j' frnk.

phHNhH egkj jkJhpfov, ftdoG ns/wokmtkVk fij/ y/soK bJh nB[e{b BjhIjB. T[BQK ~ tX/o/ gkDh ukjhdk j[zdk j?ns/ id'I f;zikJh :ehBh BjhI pDkJh ik;edh, tko-tko \;b spkj j' iKdh j?.fJj nfijk sZE j? i' w'B;Ks' ezgBh, i'fJe tjkJh y/sh ~ c?bkT[D d/ fgZS/ j?,fe;kBK ~ ihHn?wHUH phi t/uD t/b/ BjhIdZ;dh. phHNhH egkj G{wh d/ bkGekohpB;gsh ;zouBk dk ykswk eodh j? fi;Bkb ;ihth wkd/ dk ftxNB j[zdk j? fJ;~ rb/-;V/ g"fdnK tkbh Xosh pDk fdzdhj?. }whB pzio j' ojh j?. nfXn?BK s'Igsk brdk j? fe phHNhH egkj d/ y/soKftZu 50 gqfsFs s'I tZX bkGekoh pB;gsh;zouBk phHNhH iht ftF okjhI ysw eofdZsh rJh j?. fJj itko fijhnK \;bKd/ pdb ftZu phih iKdh j?. fJj G{whftZu e'Jh ;ihth wkdk BjhI SZvdh.

phHNhH egkj itko d/ B[e;kB s/nkJh i' wjkokFNo ftZu n"V dk itkpj?. itko ~ f;oc 250 fwbhwhNo whIjdh b'V j[zdh j? ns/ fJj xZN w"B;{BftZu th n"V t/b/ yVQh ofj ;edh j? fi;Bkb fe;kBK ~ y[oke ns/ o'}h-o'Nh dh;[oZfynk fwbdh j?. 2004-05 s'I 2011-12 ftueko fiE/ phV (wjkokFNo) ftZuphHNhH egkj nXhB y/so 1H01 s'I tX e/3H290 j?eN/no j' frnk, oph itkonXhB y/so 2H567 j?eN/no s'I xN e/1H704 j?eN/no ofj frnk ;h. phHNhHegkj B/ itko, s{V, w{zr, T[Vd, eDens/ uB/ dh \;b d/ fwFos ns/ tkoh-tkoh pdbkn tkbh \;b ~ jNk e/ T[BQKdk ;EkB b? fbnk j?. T[soh eoBkNeftZu 1984 dh n"V t/b/ fJe p}[orfe;kB B/ fejk, @@w?~ d/;h itko d/ g[okD/phi fbnk e/ fdU, w?I n"V ysw eo

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itko fijhnK d/;h \;bK Bk f;ocxZN gkDh jh fJ;s/wkb eodhnK jB ;r'IT[j G{wh dk gkDh ;zGkb e/ oZyD dh;woZEk th tXkT[IdhnK jB. fJj tZvhwksok ftZu ;ihth wkdk g?dk eodhnKjB i', fi; t/b/ }whB ftZu iKdk j?, T[;dh T[gikT{ Fesh ns/ gkDh ;zGkb e/oyD dh ;woZEk tXkT[Idk j?.

d/;h phi ns/ ;ihth y/shpkVh n"Vns/ ibtk:{ gfotosB, fe;kBK tb'I][de[FhnK ns/ y/shpkVh y/so ftZu Bw'Fhdk itkp jB. T[j G[Zywoh ns/ ng{oBy[oke dk th itkp jB. ;kv/ phiK dh;KG ;zGkb, ;kvh G{wh ns/ ;kv/ gkDh dh;KG ;zGkb, ;kvh Xosh tZb ns/ ;kv/GftZy tZb tuBpXsk dh n;bh gohfynkjB ns/ Bk fe Bkno/pk}h. T[j gqfefonktKi' ;kvh G{wh, gkDh ns/ ibtk:{ ;zs[bB~ ftrkV ojhnK jB, T[j jh ;kv/fe;kBK ~ th wko ojhnK jB. fJjjzrkwh jkbks jB, go fco th fJBQK dkitkp ;wZf;nktK dh iVQ sZe BjhI ikfojk. fiE/ n"osK gkDh d/ Gko ~ Y'IdhnKjB, go T[BQK ~ fJj c?;b/ eoB ftZuFkwb BjhI ehsk iKdk fe gkDh dh tos'Ife; soQK ehsh ikt/rh, fJ; dh tzv fe;soQK ehsh ikt/rh, fJ; dk gqpzXB fe;soQK ehsk ikt/rk ns/ fJ; dk wkbe e"Dj't/rk. fJj c?;b/, tX/o/ eoe/, nzsookFNohftZsh ;z;EkBK ns/ nzsod/Fh ekog'o/FBKtb'I ehs/ iKd/ jB.

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;oeko dh G{fwek ysw ehsh ik ojh j?go n;b ftZu n;hI eh d/y oj/ jK, T[jj? gkDh Bhsh ftZu ;oeko dh tX/o/dybnzdk}h fi; Bkb gkDh d/ ;o'sKT[go ;wki d/ fB:zsqD ~ XZek brdkj?.

fJj ubD pj[s tX fojk j? fe@gkDh w[jZJheko# FpdK dh tos'I n"osbJh BjhI ehsh iKdh ;r'I gkDh ftZu bZr/T[BQK tZv/ xokfDnK bJh ehsh iKdh j? i';wki s'I gkDh b?Id/ jB ns/ T[BQK b'eK ~jh tZv/ w[Bkc/ T[s/ t/u fdzd/ jB. gkDhd/ tgkoh, gkDh s'I bkG T[mkT[D tkb/nkgD/ nkg ~ gkDh w[jZJhnkeko d/ s"os/ g/F eo oj/ jB id fe n"osK dkgkDh Y'jD dk Gko tXk oj/ jB. n"osKd/ gkDh d/ Gko ~ jbek eoB bJh fJenfXn?B ftZu j/m fdZs/ B[es/ fdZs/ rJ/jB.

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• gkDh ;zGkb d/ otkfJsh sohfenKfit/I fe pkT[bh, i'V, SZgV ns/ skbkpnkfd w[V s'I F[o{ eo'.

• whIj d/ gkDh dh ;KG ;zGkb F[o{eo'.

• y/shpkVh ftZu \;bK dh fpikJhftZu pdbkn fbnkT[. tX/o/ gkDh wzrDtkbhnK \;bK fit/I fe jo/ fJBebkp dkM'Bk ns/ rzB/ dh \;b dh pikfJ pkiok,o¯rh nkfd \;bK phi' fiBQK ~ xZN gkDhukjhdk j[zdk j?.

• Ffjok ftZu, iBse fBZih GkJhtkbh(gkDh dk fBZiheoB) dh pikfJ iBse-iBse GkJhtkbh (iBse ns/ ;oekoh)gkDh dh ;wZf;nk dk pdb j?.

• mhe Yzr d/ gkDh ;zGkb d/sohe/ ngDkT[D/ ukjhd/ jB. b'eK ~gkDh ;KG-;zGkb dh seBhe pko/ f;ybkJhd/Dh ukjhdh j?.

• ;oekoh ;ehwK dk mhe soQK

bkr{eoB j't/.

• g/Iv{ gkDh dh g{osh ftZu gzukfJshoki ;z;EkBK ns/ |?o ;oekoh ;zrmBK ~Fkwb eo'.

• gkDh T[go n"osK dk ;wkiefB:zsqD j'Dk ukjhdk j? sK fe T[j gkDh~ pB;gsh gqDkbh, T[BQK d/ gfotkoK ns/fgzv dh gkfJdkoh bJh ;KM/ s"o s/ tos;eD. gkDh ~ tX/o/ uzr/ sohe/ tosDbJh T[BQK dh gkDh d/ w?B/io d/ s"o s/f;ybkJh j'Dh ukjhdh j?.

• nr'I nkT[D tkb/ gq'rokwK$gqki?eNK~ n"osK ~ gkDh d/ tos'Ieko d/ s"o s/fXnkB ftZu oy e/ pDkT[D/ ukjhd/ jB.

fe;/ th j'o ;o's s'I tZX gkDh nkwnSkJh dh b'V dk ;kXB ofjDk ukjhdkj? ns/ fJ; dk gqpzXB ;wkie s"o s/j'Dk ukjhdk j?. n;b ftZu, eJh ;wkiKftZu gkDh dh fBZih wbehns tofis eofdZsh rJh j?. gkDh eZYD dhnK nkX[fBeseBkb'ihnK B/ gkDh gqpzXB ftZu ;oekohG{fwek ~ tXk fdZsk j?. gkDh ;o'sK d/ftFtheoB ns/ fBZiheoB Bkb, b'eK d/gkDh T[go nfXeko ~ ysw eoB dhnKe'fFFK ehshnK ik ojhnK jB. ;w[Zu/fJfsjk; ftZu ns/ ;koh d[BhnK ftZu,gkDh d/ nfXeko ~ pB;gsh gqDkbhdhnK pzdFK ns/ b'eK dhnK b'VK d/dkfJo/ ftZu ofynk frnk j?. n;b ftZu,T[od{ d/ Fpd nkpkdh iK wkBthfojkfJFrkjK ftZu gfjbk Fpd @nkp# iKgkDh j? i' fJ; sZE dk ;{ue j? fewkBth fojkfJFrkjK ns/ ;fGnksktK gkDhd/ ;o'sK d/ fJod-frod t;kJhnK rJhnK;B. sNtosh nfXekoK dk n;{b - fJegkDh gqDkbh, ]k; s"o s/ dfonkJh gqDkbhT[go nkFos pkfFzfdnK dk gkDh dhtos'I dk e[dosh nfXeko# nkp dh XkoBks'I jh iBfwnk j?. gkDh ~ otkfJsh s"os/ e[dosh nfXeko d/ s"o s/ frfDnkiKdk j? i' wkBth nkds, fJfsjk;e

jkbks, p[fBnkdh b'VK iK fJB;kc dhXkoBk s'I g?dk j[zdk j?. e[dosh nfXekoKd/ s"o s/ gkDh dk nfXeko oki ftu'I BjhIT[mdk. fJj fe;/ th wkBth j'Id d/pB;gsh irs ;zdoG ftu'I T[Godk j?.

gkDh b'eszso dh g[FNh eoB tkb/9 n;{b jB L

••••• gkDh e[dos tb'I ;"rks j? L gkDh e[dos tb'I ;"rks j? L gkDh e[dos tb'I ;"rks j? L gkDh e[dos tb'I ;"rks j? L gkDh e[dos tb'I ;"rks j? L;k~ e[dos tb'I gkDh pj[sks ftZu fwbdkj?. ;kvh e[dos tZb fJj f}zw/tkoh j? fefJ; ;"rks ~ nkgDhnK gkbD g'FDdhnK b'VK nB[;ko toshJ/, fJ; ~ ;kcoyhJ/ ns/ ekch wksok ftZu oyhJ/. fJ;dhnK fGzBsktK i' ;/w wko/ y/so g?dk eofdzdhnk jB, pB;gsh ftfrnkB d/ b'eszso~ ftrkVdhnK jB.

••••• gkDh ihtB bJh nfs }o{oh gkDh ihtB bJh nfs }o{oh gkDh ihtB bJh nfs }o{oh gkDh ihtB bJh nfs }o{oh gkDh ihtB bJh nfs }o{ohj? L j? L j? L j? L j? L ;G iht izs{nK bJh gkDh ihtB dknXko j?. fJ; Xosh rqfj T[go ;GgqkDhnK ns/ pB;gsh irs dk nkgD/fjZ;/ d/ gkDh T[go nfXeko j?.

••••• gkDh okjhI ihtB dk nkg;h gkDh okjhI ihtB dk nkg;h gkDh okjhI ihtB dk nkg;h gkDh okjhI ihtB dk nkg;h gkDh okjhI ihtB dk nkg;hi'Vw/b j? L i'Vw/b j? L i'Vw/b j? L i'Vw/b j? L i'Vw/b j? L gkDh uZeo okjhI gkDh fJ;rqfj d/ ;G gqkDhnK ~ i'Vdk j?. ;kvk;G dk fJj co} pDdk j? fe n;hId{;o/ iht izs{nK iK d{;o/ b'eK ~ ;kv/ekoBkfwnK s'I fe;/ fe;w dk B[e;kB Bkj'D d/Dk :ehBh pDkJhJ/.

••••• gkDh gkbD g'FD b'VK bJh gkDh gkbD g'FD b'VK bJh gkDh gkbD g'FD b'VK bJh gkDh gkbD g'FD b'VK bJh gkDh gkbD g'FD b'VK bJhw[cs fwbDk ukjhdk j?w[cs fwbDk ukjhdk j?w[cs fwbDk ukjhdk j?w[cs fwbDk ukjhdk j?w[cs fwbDk ukjhdk j? L L L L L feT[Ife e[dos;k~ gkDh w[cs fdzdh j?, fJ; ~ bkGbJh yohdDk iK t/uDk ;kv/ e[dos dh;"rks T[go iBwf;ZX nfXeko dh T[bzxDkj? ns/ rohpK ~ T[BQK d/ wkBth nfXekoKs'I tzus eodk j?.

••••• gkDh ;hws j? ns/ ysw j' gkDh ;hws j? ns/ ysw j' gkDh ;hws j? ns/ ysw j' gkDh ;hws j? ns/ ysw j' gkDh ;hws j? ns/ ysw j';edk j?;edk j?;edk j?;edk j?;edk j? L L L L L gkDh ;hws j? ns/ i/ fJ;dh |?o gkfJdkoh sohe/ Bkb tos'I ehshikt/ sK ysw j'DFhb j?. |?o gkfJdkoh




gkDh fJZe tZvw[Zbh dks L fJ; dh ;zGkb ehsh ikt/gkDh fJZe tZvw[Zbh dks L fJ; dh ;zGkb ehsh ikt/gkDh fJZe tZvw[Zbh dks L fJ; dh ;zGkb ehsh ikt/gkDh fJZe tZvw[Zbh dks L fJ; dh ;zGkb ehsh ikt/gkDh fJZe tZvw[Zbh dks L fJ; dh ;zGkb ehsh ikt/

n?`; n?`; ShBkn?`; n?`; ShBkn?`; n?`; ShBkn?`; n?`; ShBkn?`; n?`; ShBk

d[d[d[d[d[ BhnK d/ ;G Xkofwe rqzEK ftZugkDh ~ pj[s tZvh wjZssk

fdZsh rJh j?. r[opkDh ftZu gkDh ~fgsk dk doik fdZsk frnk j?. gkDhBkb jh ;G ihtK dh T[sgsh ;zGt j?.id'I ftfrnkfBeK tb'I fJj fejk iKdk j?fe wzrb rqfj T[s/ gkDh dh T[gbpXskdh ;zGktBk j? sK fJ; d/ Bkb jh wzrbrqfj T[s/ ihtB dh ;zGktBk pD iKdhj?. Gkt/I fe fJ; Xosh T[s/ 71 gqfsFs;w[zdo j? ns/ f;oc 29 gqfsFs y[Fey/so j?, go ;w[zdo ns/ }whB T[s/ eJhEKJhI ;?IeV/ whbK sZe dh v{zxkJh ftZu i'th gkDh fwbdk j? T[j e[Zb gkDh T[gbpXskdk 97 gqfsFs pD iKdk j?. ;kc gkDhns/ y/sh tkb/ gkDh bJh Xosh d/ T[gotrd/ dfonk, MhbK ns/ Xosh d/ EZb/dk F[ZX gkDh j?. gkDh ftZu'I 70 gqfsFsgkDh y/sh bJh, 22 gqfsFs T[d:'freezwK bJh ns/ f;oc 8 gqfsFs xo/b{ezw bJh tofsnk iKdk j?. d[BhnK d/e[ZM y/soK ftZu gkDh dh pj[sks j? goe[ZM y/soK ftZu gkDh dh ewh T[BQK d/FKdh y/sh ns/ T[d:'fre ftek; dh o[ektNpDh j'Jh j?.

gkDh ;zpzXh Gkos dh ;fEsh fJj j?fe Gkos ftZu d[BhnK d/ e[Zb y/so dk2H4 gqfsFs y/so j? go d[BhnK dh e[Zb700 eo'V nkpkdh dk 17 gqfsFs GkosftZu j?. d{;oh soc gkDh d/ ;kXBf;oc 4 gqfsFs jB i' t;'I d/ neko d/

w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN jB. d[BhnK d/ j'od/FK Bkb gqfs ftnesh gkDh T[gbpXskd/ fj;kp Bkb Gkos dk Bzpo 132 j?,id fe gkDh dh F[ZXsk ns/ r[DtZsknB[;ko fJj 122t/I Bzpo T[s/ j?. GkosftZu jo ;kb 1160 fwbhwhNo pkoFj[zdh j? id fe d[BhnK ftZu ;kbkBkpkoF 1100 fwbhwhNo j? iK fJj fejkik ;edk j? fe pkoF d/ fj;kp BkbGkos ftZu :'r wksok ftZu pkoF j' ojhj?. go pkoF d/ y/soK ftZu ftfGzBsk j?.e[ZM y/soK ftZu f;oc 150 fwbhwhNopkoF j[zdh j? id fe e[ZM y/soK ftZufJj 1169 fwbhwhNo d/ pokpo j?.Gkos ftZu pkoFK d/ fdB 5 s'I 150 fdBjB. 2010 ftZu gqfs ftnesh gkDhT[gbpXsk 1588 feT{pe whNo ;h i'tksktoB d/ fwnko s'I xZN j?.

tksktoB d/ wkfjoK nB[;ko fiBQKd/FK ftZu 1700 feT{pe whNo gqfs ;kbs'I xZN gkDh T[gbpXsk j?, T[j d/F gkDhdh ;wZf;nk nXhB nk ;ed/ jB. GkosftZu gkDh dh e'Jh ;wZf;nk BjhI ;h got;'I d/ tZXd/ neko eoe/ gkDh dhT[gbpXsk fdB-pfdB xNdh ik ojh j?.1991 ftZu fJj 2309 feT{pe whNogqfs ftnesh ;h go 2001 ftZu xN e/1902 feT{pe whNo j' rJh go fco thGkos gkDh dh xkN tkbk d/F BjhI ;hgo 2011 ftZu xN e/ 1545 feT{pewhNo j' rJh ns/ fJ; gqeko Gkos gkDh

dh ;wZf;nk tkbk d/F pD frnk. fi;o\sko Bkb t;'I tX ojh j?, 2015 sZefJE/ gqfs ftnesh gkDh T[gbpXsk 1401feT{pe whNo ns/ 2050 sZe f;oc1191 feT{pe whNo ofj ikt/rh. t;'IdhnK tXdhnK b'VK eoe/ y/sh, T[d:'frens/ xo/b{ b'VK bJh jo ;kb tZX gkDhdh b'V g?Idh j? fi; eoe/ j[D fJ; tkX{gkDh tkb/ d/F ~ gkDh ;zpzXh ;[u/s j'Ddh b'V j?.

y/sh s'I tZX T[sgkdB b?D bJho;kfJfDe ykdK ehV/wko dtkJhnK ns/BdhB BkFeK dh tos'I ehsh iKdh j? gofJj o;kfJfDe gdkoE T[BQK y/soK ftzujh f}nkdk tos/ ik ;ed/ jB fiBQK ftZugkDh iK f;zikJh dh pj[sks j?. n;bftZu fJBQK o;kfJDK d/ Xosh ftZu iip j'e/ bkGekoh j'Dk gkDh dh wksok T[s/fBoGo eodk j?. Gkos ftZu 1967 s'Ipknd fijVk jok fJBebkp nkfJnk T[;dk bkG T[BQK y/soK ftZu f}nkdk j'fJnkfiBQK ftZu f;zikJh ;j{bsK f}nkdk ;B.fJj' ekoB j? fe jo/ fJBebkp dk ;Gs'I f}nkdk gqGkt gzikp, jfonkDk ns/gZSwh T[so gqd/F ftZu j'fJnk. fJBQKokiK ftZu eDe ns/ M'B/ dhnK \;bKnXhB y/so th tfXnk ns/ gqfs J/eVT[gi th tXh. fJj' tiQk j? fe Gkos i'nBki ;wZf;nk Bkb i{M fojk ;h ns/jo ;kb eo'VK vkboK dk nBki nk:kseoB bJh wip{o ;h, T[j nBki nk:ks


eoB tkb/ d/F s'I pdb e/ nBki fBo:kseoB tkbk d/F pD frnk. fJj ;G e[ZMfeT[I j' ;fenk, feT[Ife fJBQK y/soK ftZuf;zikJh bJh tkX{ gkDh T[gbpX ;h. fJj;G gkDh dk jh gqskg j?. fJj gqsZy j?fe fiBQK y/soK ftZu gkDh dh pj[sks BjhIiK ewh j? T[BQK y/soK ftZu fJe sK jo/fJBebkp dk gqGkt BjhI fgnk ns/ Bkjh T[BQK y/soK ftZu o;kfJfDe gdkoEK ~tos e/ tZX T[sgkdB fbnk ik ;fenk j?ns/ Bk jh j'o y/soK ~ y/sh nXhBfbnKdk ik ;fenk j?.

nZieZb fJBQK okiK ftZu d' \;bhuZeo eDe ns/ M'B/ ~ ngDkfJnk ikfojk j?. fJBQK d'tK \;bK bJh jh pj[sf}nkdk gkDh dh b'V g?Idh j?. fJ; bJhBfjoK ns/ pkoF d/ gkDh s'I fJbktkfNT{pt?bK okjhI Xosh d/ j/mb/ gkDh dhtos'I ehsh ik ojh j?. nZieZbQ gzikpftZu 14 bZy fNT{pt?b jB fiBQK okjhIXosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ tofsnk ik fojk j?.fJ; Bkb Xosh j/mbk gkDh brkskoxNdk ik fojk j?. gzikp i' fe gzidfonktK dh Xosh j?, T[E/ gkDh ~ 8$10c[ZN dk p'o eoe/ gqkgs ehsk iKdk ;hgo nZieZbQ pj[s/ y/soK ftZu 150 s'I 200c[ZN sZe d/ v{zx/ p'o eoB/ g? oj/ jBfi; eoe/ fiE/ p'o eokT[D T[s/ pj[stZvk you nkT[Idk j? T[E/ gkDh ~ pkjofyZuD T[s/ f}nkdk bkrs brdh j?. gofJ; dk ;G s'I tZvk B[e;kB fJj j' fojkj? fe gkDh dk gZXo brksko EZb/ ikDeoe/ gzikp d/ 112 pbkeK dk gkDh ghD:'r BjhI ofj frnk. fJ; d/ Bkb jhe[ZM pbkeK dk gkDh f;zikJh :'r th BjhIfojk. fJzBk v{zxk p'o eoB s'I pkndykok gkDh nk iKdk j? i' f;zikJh d/ :'rBjhI j[zdk.

fJ; bJh nZieZbQ gkDh dh ;zGkbns/ fJ; dh wjZssk pko/ u/sBk g?dkehsh ik ojh j? fi; ftZu dZf;nk ikdk j?

fe i/ Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ~ tZX s'I tZXtofsnk frnk sK gkDh dh gZXo j'oBhthI j' ikt/rh ns/ T[; BhthI gZXo dkgkDh Bk ghD :'r oj/rk ns/ Bk jhf;zikJh :'r. fJ; Bkb gkDh dhnK pj[stZvhnK ;wZf;nktK g?dk j' ikDrhnK.gkDh dh fizBh wksok Xosh d/ j/mK iKdhj? T[; s'I f}nkdk gkDh fNT{pt?bK okjhIpkjo eZY fbnk iKdk j? fi; Bkb jo;kb gkDh dk gZXo BhtK j[zdk ik fojkj?. fJj' tiQk j? fe fJBQK y/soK ftZu fiE/f}nkdk fNT{pt?b bZr/ j'J/ jB T[BQKy/soK ftZu gkDh ~ ;zGkbD ns/ gkDh dhpZus eoB bJh gquko th ehsk iKdk j?ns/ :sB th. pkoF dk gkDh niKjhIikD dh pikJ/ T[; ~ ;zGkb e/ tosD d/Yzr ngDkJ/ ikD ;zpzXh ikDekoh fdZshiKdh j?.

gzikp ns/ jfonkDk ftZu fiE/ gkDhdk gZXo fdB-pfdB j/mK ik fojk j? fi;ek tZvk ekoB fNT{pt?bK Bkb tZX s'I tZXgkDh pkjo eZYDk j?, T[E/ y/sh d/ \;buZeo ftZu spdhbh dhnK e'fFFK ehshnKik ojhnK jB. fJBQK y/soK ftZu \;bftfGzBsk bJh gquko th ehsk ik fojk j?ns/ y/sh ftGkr d/ Bkb-Bkb :{Bhtof;Nhnktb'I ftebg \;bK d/ bkGekoh j'D ;zpzXhns/ T[BQK bJh fpikJh d/ YzrK ;zpzXhikDekoh th fdZsh iKdh j?. eDe ns/M'Bk fi; d/ nXhB gzikp ns/ jfonkDkftZu 70 gqfsFs y/so phfink iKdk j?.T[; y/so ftZu'I i/ e[ZM y/so eZY e/ j'o\;bK nXhB fbnKdk ikt/ sK fJ; BkbT[j gkDh fijVk fNT{pt?bK Bkb pkjoeZfYnk iKdk j? T[; ftZu tZvh pZus j';edh j?. dkbK ftZu S'b/, wKj, w;o,w{zrh, nojo nkfd ns/ s/b phiK ftZufsb, ;{oiw[yh, w{zrcbh, s'ohnk, ;oQ'I nkfdo[Zs nB[;ko phihnK ikD sK gkDh dh b'Vpj[s xN ;edh j?.

gkDh Bkb i[Vh fJe j'o ;wZf;nk j?

gkDh dk gqd{fFs j'Dk. ]k; eoe/, o;kfJfDegdkoEK dk gkDh ftZu nk ikDk fJZerzGho ;wZf;nk pDh j'Jh j?. fijV/o;kfJfDe gdkoE tZX T[sgkdB b?D bJhy/sK ftZu gkJ/ iKd/ jB, fiE/ T[j jtk,Xosh ns/ y[oke ftZu fwbd/ jB T[E/fJj gkDh ftZu th fwbd/ jB. nZi s'I30 ;kb gfjbK y{jK, dfonktK dk gkDhghD bZfrnK fJj BjhI ;h ;'funk iKdkfe fJ; ftZu gqd{FB j't/rk go nZi fJjftuko nkT[Idk j? fe eh gkDh gqd{fFs sKBjhI, iK fJ; ftZu o;kfJD sK BjhI fwb/j'J/, i' fJ; ;wZf;nk ;zpzXh ;[u/s eodkj?.

gkDh dh ;wZf;nk ~ ftFtgkDh dh ;wZf;nk ~ ftFtgkDh dh ;wZf;nk ~ ftFtgkDh dh ;wZf;nk ~ ftFtgkDh dh ;wZf;nk ~ ftFt

gZXo T[s/ th pj[s rzGhoskgZXo T[s/ th pj[s rzGhoskgZXo T[s/ th pj[s rzGhoskgZXo T[s/ th pj[s rzGhoskgZXo T[s/ th pj[s rzGhosk

Bkb fbnk ik fojk j?. t;'IBkb fbnk ik fojk j?. t;'IBkb fbnk ik fojk j?. t;'IBkb fbnk ik fojk j?. t;'IBkb fbnk ik fojk j?. t;'I

ftZu j'J/ s/} tkX/ eoe/ gkDhftZu j'J/ s/} tkX/ eoe/ gkDhftZu j'J/ s/} tkX/ eoe/ gkDhftZu j'J/ s/} tkX/ eoe/ gkDhftZu j'J/ s/} tkX/ eoe/ gkDh

dh jo soQK dh tos'I tXdh ikdh jo soQK dh tos'I tXdh ikdh jo soQK dh tos'I tXdh ikdh jo soQK dh tos'I tXdh ikdh jo soQK dh tos'I tXdh ik

ojh j?. y/sh T[sgkdB tXkT[Dojh j?. y/sh T[sgkdB tXkT[Dojh j?. y/sh T[sgkdB tXkT[Dojh j?. y/sh T[sgkdB tXkT[Dojh j?. y/sh T[sgkdB tXkT[D

bJh gkDh w[Ybh b'V j?.bJh gkDh w[Ybh b'V j?.bJh gkDh w[Ybh b'V j?.bJh gkDh w[Ybh b'V j?.bJh gkDh w[Ybh b'V j?.

gkDh dh tos'I T[d:'fre ezwKgkDh dh tos'I T[d:'fre ezwKgkDh dh tos'I T[d:'fre ezwKgkDh dh tos'I T[d:'fre ezwKgkDh dh tos'I T[d:'fre ezwK

ns/ xo/b{ ezwK bJh ehsh ikns/ xo/b{ ezwK bJh ehsh ikns/ xo/b{ ezwK bJh ehsh ikns/ xo/b{ ezwK bJh ehsh ikns/ xo/b{ ezwK bJh ehsh ik

ojh j? i' t;'I d/ tkX/ eoe/ojh j? i' t;'I d/ tkX/ eoe/ojh j? i' t;'I d/ tkX/ eoe/ojh j? i' t;'I d/ tkX/ eoe/ojh j? i' t;'I d/ tkX/ eoe/

tX ojh j?. fJ; bJh gkDhtX ojh j?. fJ; bJh gkDhtX ojh j?. fJ; bJh gkDhtX ojh j?. fJ; bJh gkDhtX ojh j?. fJ; bJh gkDh

;zGkbD ~ nzsookFNoh gZXo;zGkbD ~ nzsookFNoh gZXo;zGkbD ~ nzsookFNoh gZXo;zGkbD ~ nzsookFNoh gZXo;zGkbD ~ nzsookFNoh gZXo

T[s/ ftukfonk ik fojk j? ns/T[s/ ftukfonk ik fojk j? ns/T[s/ ftukfonk ik fojk j? ns/T[s/ ftukfonk ik fojk j? ns/T[s/ ftukfonk ik fojk j? ns/

gkDh dh c}{b tos'I o'eD d/gkDh dh c}{b tos'I o'eD d/gkDh dh c}{b tos'I o'eD d/gkDh dh c}{b tos'I o'eD d/gkDh dh c}{b tos'I o'eD d/

T[gkn dZ;/ ik oj/ jB. tZvhT[gkn dZ;/ ik oj/ jB. tZvhT[gkn dZ;/ ik oj/ jB. tZvhT[gkn dZ;/ ik oj/ jB. tZvhT[gkn dZ;/ ik oj/ jB. tZvh

t;'I tkb/ J/Fhnk ns/ ncohekt;'I tkb/ J/Fhnk ns/ ncohekt;'I tkb/ J/Fhnk ns/ ncohekt;'I tkb/ J/Fhnk ns/ ncohekt;'I tkb/ J/Fhnk ns/ ncohek

d/ d/FK ftZu fJj ;wZf;nkd/ d/FK ftZu fJj ;wZf;nkd/ d/FK ftZu fJj ;wZf;nkd/ d/FK ftZu fJj ;wZf;nkd/ d/FK ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk

f}nkdk rzGho j? id fe :{og,f}nkdk rzGho j? id fe :{og,f}nkdk rzGho j? id fe :{og,f}nkdk rzGho j? id fe :{og,f}nkdk rzGho j? id fe :{og,

nwohek,nwohek,nwohek,nwohek,nwohek, n;Nq/bhnk nkfd d/FKn;Nq/bhnk nkfd d/FKn;Nq/bhnk nkfd d/FKn;Nq/bhnk nkfd d/FKn;Nq/bhnk nkfd d/FK

ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk xZN j?ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk xZN j?ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk xZN j?ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk xZN j?ftZu fJj ;wZf;nk xZN j?

feT[Ife T[E'I dh t;'I dk nekofeT[Ife T[E'I dh t;'I dk nekofeT[Ife T[E'I dh t;'I dk nekofeT[Ife T[E'I dh t;'I dk nekofeT[Ife T[E'I dh t;'I dk neko

T[E'I d/ y/so ns/ gkDh ;kXBKT[E'I d/ y/so ns/ gkDh ;kXBKT[E'I d/ y/so ns/ gkDh ;kXBKT[E'I d/ y/so ns/ gkDh ;kXBKT[E'I d/ y/so ns/ gkDh ;kXBK

d/ w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN j?.d/ w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN j?.d/ w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN j?.d/ w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN j?.d/ w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN j?.

d[BhnK d/ gkDh ;o'sK ftzu Gkosdh ;fEsh fJ; gqeko j?. e[Zb d[BhnK d/y/so ftZu Gkos dk y/so 2H4 gqfsFs j?go fJ; dh t;'I d[BhnK dh e[Zb t;'I ftZu


17H1 j? ns/ j[D 127 eo'V d/ brGrgj[zu rJh j?. d[BhnK d/ e[Zb gkDh;o'sK ftZu Gkos e'b f;oc 4 gqfsFsgkDh d/ ;kXB jB i' fJ; rZb tZbfJFkok eod/ jB fe 17 gqfsFs t;'I d/w[ekpb/ 4 gqfsFs gkDh dk j'Dk b'VK s'Ipj[s xZN j?. Gkos ftZu gqfs ftneshgkDh T[gbpXsk dk jo ;kb xND dktZvk ekoB t;'I dk s/} tkXk j?.

gkDh dh wjZssk dk fJ; rZb s'Ith gsk brdk j? fe d[BhnK dhnK;kohnK jh ;fGnksktK dk ftek; T[BQKFfjoK s'I j'fJnk fijV/ dfonktK d/ ezY/T[s/ t;/ j'J/ ;B. n;b ftZu jo y/softZu gfjbk g/Fk y/shpkVh ns/ gF{-gkbD;h ns/ fJ; dk w[Zy ;kXB dfonk ;B,fJ; bJh ;G y/soK ftZu b'e dfonktKd/ ezfYnK T[s/ t;d/ rJ/. Bhb fijVkncohek dk ;G s'I tZvk dfonk j? T[;d/ ezY/ fw;o dk Ffjo ekfjok, fJzrb?IvftZu E/wi dfonk d/ ezY/ bzvB, GkosftZu rzrk d/ ezY/ pBko;, rzrk-iwBk d/;zrw d/ ezY/ nbkjkpkd, iwBk d/ ezY/fdZbh, nkrok, gkfe;skB ftZu okth d/ezY/ bj"o ns/ j'o d/FK ftZu nB/e FfjodfonktK d/ ezY/ T[s/ t;d/ rJ/ ns/gqc[Zfbs j[zd/ rJ/. fiBQK fJbkfenK ftZuf;zikJh ;j{bsK f}nkdk ;B, T[E/ y/shfte;s j'Jh ns/ y/sh d/ ftek; d/ nXkoT[s/ T[d:'fre ftek; j'fJnk ns/ T[BQKd/FK dh ][Fjkbh dk nXko pfDnk.xo/b{ b'VK bJh gkDh dh T[gbGsk ;Gs'I tZvh }o{os j?.

Gkt/I fe Gkos ftZu gkDh d/ ;kXBKdh pj[sks ;h go ni/ sZe th d/F d/42 gqfsFs y/sh y/so ftZu brkskof;zikJh ;j{bsK gqkgs jB ns/ pkehy/soK ftZu \;bK dh fpikJh ns/ T[BQK dktXDk-c[bDk pkoF T[s/ fBoGo eodk j?.fJj' ekoB j? fe fiBQK fJbkfenK ftZuf}nkdk f;zikJh j? T[E/ Bk f;oc y/sh jh

fte;s j'Jh j? T[E/ T[d:'r th fte;s

j'J/ jB feT[Ife T[d:'rK bJh eZuk wkb

th y/sh s'I jh fwbdk j?. i/ y/sh ][Fjkb

j't/rh sK jh T[d:'fre t;s{nK fteDrhnK

ns/ T[d:'r fte;s j't/rk.

fJ; soQK nkT[D tkb/ ;w/I ftZugkDh dh g{osh fJZe tZvh u[B"sh pDh j'Jhj?. fJ; bJh b'V pD rJh j? fepkjob/ d/FK tKr pkfoF d/ gkDh ~ tZXs'I tZX ;zGkb fbnk ikt/. d/F ftZu e/Idodh gZXo T[s/ ns/ okiK dh gZXo T[s/tkNo w?B/iw?IN p'ov ;Ekgs eoe/, fJesK gkDh dh ;zGkb eoBh ukjhdh j? ns/fJe fJ; dk c}{b ikDk o'fenk ikDkukjhdk j?. y/sh ftZu th gkDh dh puseoB dh b'V pD rJh j?. f;zikJh eod/;w/I cbv f;zukJh gqDkbh iK y/sK ftZuy[ZbQk SZvD dh pikfJ vfog (s[gek)f;zukJh gqDkbh ngDk bJh ikDh ukjhdhj? sK fe gkDh dh jo p{zd ~ pukfJnkikt/. fJj rZb t/yh rJh j? fe xoKftZu gkDh ~ pVk jh nikJhI rtkfJnkiKdk j? fJ; dh fJe fw;kb fJj j? fei/ xo ftZu uko gqkj[D/ nkT[Id/ jB sK 4rbk;K ftZu gkDh fdZsk iKdk j? fi; ftZu'Ii/ d' gqkj[D/ ghId/ jB sK d' rbk; v'bfdZsk iKdk j? fJj f;oc fJe tko ns/fJ; soQK fdB ftZu eJh tko j[zdk j?.fco fJe xo, fJe rbh fJe w[jZbk,Ffjo ns/ d/F d/ fj;kp fezBk gkDhikfJnk iKdk j?. pj[s ;ko/ d/FK ftZupkoF d/ gkDh ~ SZsK s'I, rbhnK ftZu'I,xoK ns/ d\soK ftZu'I fJeZmk ehsk iKdkj? ns/ iwQK eoe/ j'o xo/b{ ezwK, y/shns/ T[d:'r bJh tofsnk iKdk j?.

gkDh dh fJ; tXdh j'Jh rzGho;wZf;nk ~ ;kjwD/ oZyd/ j'J/ b'V j?,Xosh EZfbT[I xZN s'I xZN gkDh eZfYnkikt/. fJ; bJh \;b uZeo ftZu spdhbhehsh ikt/. y/sh ftfGzBsk ngDkJh ikt/ns/ T[j \;bK bkJhnK ikD fiBQK bJh

xZN gkDh dh b'V j?. pkoF d/ gkDh ~iwQK eo fbnk ikt/.

nZieZbQ @wBo/rk# d/ nXhB fgzvKnZieZbQ @wBo/rk# d/ nXhB fgzvKnZieZbQ @wBo/rk# d/ nXhB fgzvKnZieZbQ @wBo/rk# d/ nXhB fgzvKnZieZbQ @wBo/rk# d/ nXhB fgzvKdhnK gzukfJsK tb'I fijVk ezwdhnK gzukfJsK tb'I fijVk ezwdhnK gzukfJsK tb'I fijVk ezwdhnK gzukfJsK tb'I fijVk ezwdhnK gzukfJsK tb'I fijVk ezwfdZsk iKdk j? T[; ftZu gkDhfdZsk iKdk j? T[; ftZu gkDhfdZsk iKdk j? T[; ftZu gkDhfdZsk iKdk j? T[; ftZu gkDhfdZsk iKdk j? T[; ftZu gkDhpukT[D dhnK seBheK ;zpzXhpukT[D dhnK seBheK ;zpzXhpukT[D dhnK seBheK ;zpzXhpukT[D dhnK seBheK ;zpzXhpukT[D dhnK seBheK ;zpzXhikDekoh fdZsh ikt/ ns/ T[BQKikDekoh fdZsh ikt/ ns/ T[BQKikDekoh fdZsh ikt/ ns/ T[BQKikDekoh fdZsh ikt/ ns/ T[BQKikDekoh fdZsh ikt/ ns/ T[BQKseBheK ~ n;bh o{g ftZuseBheK ~ n;bh o{g ftZuseBheK ~ n;bh o{g ftZuseBheK ~ n;bh o{g ftZuseBheK ~ n;bh o{g ftZungDkfJnk ikt/. fJ; ;zpzXhngDkfJnk ikt/. fJ; ;zpzXhngDkfJnk ikt/. fJ; ;zpzXhngDkfJnk ikt/. fJ; ;zpzXhngDkfJnk ikt/. fJ; ;zpzXhu/sBk g?dk eoB bJh whvhJ/ d/u/sBk g?dk eoB bJh whvhJ/ d/u/sBk g?dk eoB bJh whvhJ/ d/u/sBk g?dk eoB bJh whvhJ/ d/u/sBk g?dk eoB bJh whvhJ/ d/jo u?Bb ns/ n]pkoK, o;kfbnKjo u?Bb ns/ n]pkoK, o;kfbnKjo u?Bb ns/ n]pkoK, o;kfbnKjo u?Bb ns/ n]pkoK, o;kfbnKjo u?Bb ns/ n]pkoK, o;kfbnKtb'I gquko ehsk ikt/. ;e{bKtb'I gquko ehsk ikt/. ;e{bKtb'I gquko ehsk ikt/. ;e{bKtb'I gquko ehsk ikt/. ;e{bKtb'I gquko ehsk ikt/. ;e{bKns/ ekbiK ftZu tksktoB d/ns/ ekbiK ftZu tksktoB d/ns/ ekbiK ftZu tksktoB d/ns/ ekbiK ftZu tksktoB d/ns/ ekbiK ftZu tksktoB d/ftF/ ftZu gkDh dh pus ns/ftF/ ftZu gkDh dh pus ns/ftF/ ftZu gkDh dh pus ns/ftF/ ftZu gkDh dh pus ns/ftF/ ftZu gkDh dh pus ns/wjZssk ;zpzXh fJe nfXnkJ/wjZssk ;zpzXh fJe nfXnkJ/wjZssk ;zpzXh fJe nfXnkJ/wjZssk ;zpzXh fJe nfXnkJ/wjZssk ;zpzXh fJe nfXnkJ/gVQkfJnk ikt/ sK fe gkDh ftZugVQkfJnk ikt/ sK fe gkDh ftZugVQkfJnk ikt/ sK fe gkDh ftZugVQkfJnk ikt/ sK fe gkDh ftZugVQkfJnk ikt/ sK fe gkDh ftZufco T[j' fijh ;fEsh pD/ i'fco T[j' fijh ;fEsh pD/ i'fco T[j' fijh ;fEsh pD/ i'fco T[j' fijh ;fEsh pD/ i'fco T[j' fijh ;fEsh pD/ i'Gkos ftZu nZi s'I 40 ;kb iKGkos ftZu nZi s'I 40 ;kb iKGkos ftZu nZi s'I 40 ;kb iKGkos ftZu nZi s'I 40 ;kb iKGkos ftZu nZi s'I 40 ;kb iKfJ; s'I gfjbK ;h.fJ; s'I gfjbK ;h.fJ; s'I gfjbK ;h.fJ; s'I gfjbK ;h.fJ; s'I gfjbK ;h.

(b/ye ;/tk w[es gq'c?;o, noEFk;so j?.)


gqDkbh ftZu i' T{oik dh gSkD ehsh rJhj? T[; d/ bkG pko/ g{ok fj;kp-feskpBjhI j?. G"fseh n;{bK d/ nkXko T[s/,ftFth ;w[zdoK ftZu rowh dk nkX[fBetkXk fJj do;kT[Idk j? fe ibtk:{ T[goBekokswe pkjoh n;o ukb{ j?. e[doshpkjoh FeshnK ftZu gfotosB jkb d/djkfenK ftZu d/yh ftFth sgF dhftnkfynk BjhI eo ;edk. Xosh dh;sj T[s/, ftFth ;w[zdoK ftZu ns/ tk:{wzvb ftZu d/y/ ibtk:{ gfotosB dkfoekov, rohB jkT{; n;o dh tX ojhfwedko dh rtkjh fdzdk j/ i' gEokNhibD s'I g?dk T{oik ns/ G{wh tos'I Bkbi[Vh wkBth ;orowh d/ ekoB g?dk j[zdhj?.

(b/ye okFNoh ib ftfrnkB ;z;EkB, o[VehftZy ekoios j?)





gkDh dh ;ziw Bkb tos'I }o{ohgkDh dh ;ziw Bkb tos'I }o{ohgkDh dh ;ziw Bkb tos'I }o{ohgkDh dh ;ziw Bkb tos'I }o{ohgkDh dh ;ziw Bkb tos'I }o{oh

e[bdhg f;zx powkbhg[oe[bdhg f;zx powkbhg[oe[bdhg f;zx powkbhg[oe[bdhg f;zx powkbhg[oe[bdhg f;zx powkbhg[o

i d/ wB[Zyh ihtB dk ;[Gkn j?fe T[; B/ p/Fehwsh t;s{nK

dh ;zGkb eoBh pj[s uzrh soQK f;ZybJh j?, fiBQK ftZu XB, ;'Bk, uKdh,jho/, itkjoks Fkwb jB. fJE'I sZe fefJBQK ~ oZshnK, wkf;nK, s'fbanK, e[fJzNbKftZu s'bDk s/ goyDk th f;Zy fbnk j?,go nc;'; fe e[dos dhnK nBw'bdksK i' wB[Zy ~ w[\s ftZu fwb ojhnKjB, dh ;KG ;zGkb eoBk iK fJBQK ~gkoy{ ns/ ipoh j'Dk wB[Zy d/ fijB dkwk;k th fjZ;k BjhI. nDG'b wB[Zy d/fJ; eoe/ fJj rZb ;hB/ s'I EZb/ BjhIT[so ojh fe gkDh ;G s'I nBw'b t;s{j'D d/ pkti{d T[; ~ w[\s ftZu fwbojh j?.

]soBke GftZy]soBke GftZy]soBke GftZy]soBke GftZy]soBke GftZy

e/Idoh ib t;hfbnK d/ ;eZso tb'Id/F nzdo Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dk 75gqfsFs fjZ;k w[Ze ikD ns/ pkeh pu/ 25gqfsFs jZ;/ ftZu'I fJ; nBw'b dks d/f;o\ 18 gqfsFs fjZ;k ofj ikD dhnKfuzskiBe ]poK dk gzikp tk;hnK T[s/e'Jh n;o j[zdk BjhI ikg fojk s/ gzikpdh Xosh T[s/ gkDh ~ fpBK tiQk wDKw{zjhI popkd eoB dhnK ]poK jB.gzikp d/ b'e G[Zb u[Ze/ jB fe fdB'-fdBxN fojk gkDh e[dos dh p/Fehwsh;"rks j?, i' f}zdrh dh p[Dsh ftZu ;zX{ohozr Godk j?. ;k~ gsk j'Dk ukjhdk j?fe ;kv/ e'b gkDh dk T[Bk tZvk Gzvko

BjhI, fizBk n;hI fwZEh iK ;'uh p?m/ jK.n;b ftZu ;kv/ nkb/-d[nkb/ fwDtK-s'btKgkDh jh j? feT[Ife gkDh dk ;kok 98gqfsFs Gzvko wjK;kroK ftZu ;w'fJnkj'fJnk j?. fJj Xosh dh t;'I dh gzj[us'I pkjo j?. fJ; dh ;[ykfbnK tos'IeoBh n"yh j?. Xosh dh t;'I bJh ghD:'r gkDh f;o\ rb/FhnoK ns/ pkfoFKdk jh j[zdk j?, i' ;ko/ gkDh dk w;K fJZegqfsFs fejk ik ;edk j?. gkDh dk shik}ohnk Xosh j/mbk gkDh j? s/ Xosh dhr'd ftZu'I wB[Zy nzBQ/tkj gkDh tjkn e/fiZE/ e[dos Bkb S/V-SkV eo fojk j?,T[E/ GftZy d/ tZv/ ]so/ ~ th ;j/V fojkj?.

f;o\ y/shpkVh jh d'Fh BjhIf;o\ y/shpkVh jh d'Fh BjhIf;o\ y/shpkVh jh d'Fh BjhIf;o\ y/shpkVh jh d'Fh BjhIf;o\ y/shpkVh jh d'Fh BjhI

Gkt/I ;w/I-;w/I gkDh pukT[D bJhbZr/ wkfjo M'B/ j/mb/ oep/ ~ jh gkDhdh popkdh dk w{b nXko frDd/ jB,

go fJ; ;Zu s'I w[Beo BjhI j'fJnk ik;edk fe y/shpkVh bJh uZbd/ 13 bZy75 j}ko d/ brGr fNT{pt?b gzikp dhfe;kBh jh BjhI ;r'I oki dh nkofEesk~ j[bkok d/ oj/ jB s/ fJj wip{otZ;gzikp Bkb i[fVnk e"Vk s}opk j?. j[De/tb M'B/ j/mb/ oep/ iK fe;kBh jh BjhIgkDh dh popkdh bJh d'Fh ;r'I gzikp d/fgzvK ns/ FfjoK d/ xoK ftZu bZr/;pwo;hpb gzg fpBK tiQk jh n?Bk gkDhpopkd eo oj/ jB, i' y/shpkVh bJhtos/ ikD tkb/ gkDh d/ B/V-s/V thBjhI. fJ; ;w/I fJeZb/ fgzvK ftZu jh gkDhpopkd eo oj/ 25 bZy 40 j}ko xo/b{;pwo;hpb gzg fe;/ frDsh ftZu BjhI.gzikp nzdo tZ;dh eo'VK dh npkdh fJjG[Zb u[Zeh j? fe fJ; ][Fjkb Xosh d[nkokfbyh ik ojh ;kjK d/ ;Zu dh fJpkosfJE'I d/ F[ZX gkDh B/ T[eoh j?. fJ; tes

nZnZnZnZnZ


gzikp dh Xosh d/ b'e tZy-tZy sohfenKBkb gkDh dh fJ; edo popkdh eod/B}o nk oj/ jB fi; ~ t/y e/ gkDh dh;zGkb bJh fuzse b'eK dh o{j ezp ojhj?.

nDr"bhnK ik ojhnK fusktBhnKnDr"bhnK ik ojhnK fusktBhnKnDr"bhnK ik ojhnK fusktBhnKnDr"bhnK ik ojhnK fusktBhnKnDr"bhnK ik ojhnK fusktBhnK

ftFt gqf;ZX ;z;Ek Bk;k dh fJjfusktBh fe;/ tZv/ ]so/ s'I xZN BjhI fed/F nzdo 80 gqfsFs gkDh ;[Ze j[Zek j?.Bk;k w[skpe gzikp dh Xosh T[s/y/shpkVh ;w/s j'oBK ;kXBK bJh tos/ikD tkb/ gkDh dh 73 gqfsFs b'V fJ;t/b/ fNT{pt?bK okjhI g{oh ehsh ik ojhj?. j[D gzikp dh Xosh T[s/ y/shpkVhbJh fJeZb/ 13 bZy 75 j}ko fNT{pt?bKdh rZb ~ i/ gk;/ oZy fdZsk ikt/ sK fJjnzeV/ j?okB eo d/D tkb/ jB fe gzikpd/ 12 j}ko 700 d/ brGr fgzvK d/xoK nzdo bZr/ ;pwo;hpb gzg gzikpdh Xosh dk gkDh p[oh soQK popkd eod/B}o nk oj/ jB feT[Ife fgzvK d/ b'eKe'b fJ; gkDh ~ ;ziw Bkb tosD dke'Jh g?wkBk jh BjhI s/ ;pwo;hpb gzgKBkb gkDh dh nzBQ/tkj popkdh pko/ fe;/~ G'ok th fJbw BjhI fe gkDh Bkb jhihtB w"bdk, wfjedk ns/ Nfjedk j?.

fJzM j' ojh j? popkdhfJzM j' ojh j? popkdhfJzM j' ojh j? popkdhfJzM j' ojh j? popkdhfJzM j' ojh j? popkdh

y[d ns/ gF{nK ~ BjkT[D bJh;pwo;hpb s'I f;ZXk gkDh brk e/ eJh-eJh xzN/ w;sh Bkb gkDh tjkT[Id/ gzikphnK~ nkw t/fynk ik ;edk j?. ;G s'Ifdbu;g ns/ d[ydkJh sZE fJj jB fefgzvK d/ t;BheK ~ gkDh dh wjZssk;zpzXh ;wMkT[D dh b'V fe;/ th gzu-;ogzu iK fe;/ w'jspo ;ZiD tb'I BjhI;wMh ik ojh ns/ Bk jh fe;/ f;nk;hgkoNh d/ nkr{ iK toeo B/ fJ; nfjww[Zd/ ~ nkgDh ;'u dk fjZ;k pDkfJnk.fgzvK nzdo fe;/ t/b/ fe;/ th wkVk ezweoB tkb/ ~ ftnesh ~ o'eD T[s/ o[eikD dh gqEk j[D yzG bk e/ T[v rJh

ikgdh j? ns/ fJ; wkV/ d"o dk ;G s'ItZX B[e;kB gzikp d/ gftZso gkDh ~tjkn e/ eotkfJnk ik fojk j?.

e'Jh ftGkr BjhI f}zw/tkoe'Jh ftGkr BjhI f}zw/tkoe'Jh ftGkr BjhI f}zw/tkoe'Jh ftGkr BjhI f}zw/tkoe'Jh ftGkr BjhI f}zw/tko

j[D id'I gzikp d/ fe;/ th ftGkre'b xoK nzdo GVE{ gkT[Id/ ;pwo;hpbgzgK ;zpzXh frDsh jh BjhI sK fJjnzdk}k brkT[Dk w[Ffeb j? fe 15 s'I20 fwzN ftZu 2000 bhNo gkDh dh N?IehGoB tkb/ ;pwo;hpb gzg i/ fJZe xzNkth wZMK BjkT[D iK N?Ieh GoB s'I pkndnDrfjbh ekoB T[I jh uZbh ikD sK 10s'I 20 j}ko bhNo gkDh fJZe xo ftZufJe t/b/ popkd ubk iKdk j?. j[D i/gzikp d/ fJZe xo ftZu thj j}ko bhNogkDh o'}kBk popkd j[zdk j't/ sK r[o{nK-ghoK dh fJ; Xosh T[s/ o'}kBk j' ojhgkDh dh popkdh gzikp tk;hnK ~ GftZyftZu popkdh d/ fe; ezY/ fbnk e/ yVQheo d/t/rh fJ; dk nzdk}k brkT[Dkw[Ffeb BjhI. fJZe ;ot/ nB[;ko i/ gzikpd/ gqfs fgzv 200 ;pwo;hpb gzg frDbJ/ ikD sK oki d/ fJeZb/ fgzvK ftZu 25bZy 40 j}ko s'I tZX ;pwo;hpb gzgpDd/ jB s/ fJ; t/b/ Xosh j/m'I nzBQ/tkjgkDh eZY e/ SZgVk jtkb/ ehsk ik fojkj?.

Ffjo th fgZS/ BjhIFfjo th fgZS/ BjhIFfjo th fgZS/ BjhIFfjo th fgZS/ BjhIFfjo th fgZS/ BjhI

nfijh jh ;fEsh gzikp d/ eJhdoiB FfjoK dh th j?, fiE/ Bro e¯;bKiK Bro fBrwK tb'I fdZs/ ik oj/ ;wKpZXgkDh ~ ;KGD dh EK y[ZbQk SZv fdZskiKdk j? i' nopK-yopK feT{f;e gkDho'}kBk nikJhI rtk oj/ jB. gzikp d/fe;/ th Ffjo ftZu e'Jh th fBrwnfXekoh iK b'eK d[nkok u[fDnk e¯;boed/ nkgD/ tkov d/ b'eK ~ gkDh dhnzBQ/tkj popkdh o'eD bJh e'Jh :sBeodk B}o BjhI nkT[Idk feT[Ife fJ; BkbT[BQK dk t'N p?Ie gqGkfts j[zdk j?. fJ;s'I fJbktk FfjoK d/ tZy-tZy tkovK ns/

;KMhnK EktK T[s/ brkJhnK N{NhnK eJh-eJh xzN/ brksko gkDh tjkT[IdhnK ofjzdhnKjB. d[ydkJh sZE jB fe nkgD/ nkg ~Ffjo d/ f}zw/tko nytkT[D tkb/ b'eK B/;oeko ~ e';D dh EK ed/ th nkgD/gZXo T[s/ gkDh dh fJ; nBw'b dks ~;zGkbD dh b'V BjhI ;wMh. FfjoK d/w[jZfbnK ftZu'I ;hto/} ns/ gkJhgK okjhItZv/ gZXo T[s/ gkDh tfjzdk nkw t/fynkik ;edk j?.

gqGkfts j' fojk gzikpgqGkfts j' fojk gzikpgqGkfts j' fojk gzikpgqGkfts j' fojk gzikpgqGkfts j' fojk gzikp

gzikp d/ f}bQk j[fFnkog[o, n?; J/n?; Bro s/ ;od{brVQ ftZu gkDh dkgZXo fgSb/ ;kb 59 whNo brkskofvfrnk j? ns/ ;zro{o f}bQ/ ftZu 2H5whNo fvZrD s'I fJbktk f\o'}g[o, cohde'N,w[es;o ns/ pfmzvk nkfd f}fbQnK d/gkDh yko/ j'D dhnK ]poK B/ fJe]soBke beho ;kjwD/ fbnKdh j?. gzikpd/ t;Bhe fJBQK ]poK s'I fpbe[b tkfe\BjhI fe ;ot/ nkc fJzvhnk dh fJjfusktBh nkgD/ nkg ftZu fezBh wjZstg{oBj? fe fe;/ t/b/ gzikp d/ BbfenK dk40-50 c[ZN ghD tkbk gkDh j[D 300-400 c[ZN sZe ubk ikD s'I pknd thghD:'r feT[I BjhI fojk< xoK ftZu tos/ikD tkb/ ghD bJh N?IehnK Go ikD s'Ipknd th tkX{ gkDh xzfNnK pZXh popkdj[zdk ofjzdk j? ns/ pj[s xoK ftZu tkX{tjkT[D tkbhnK gkJhgK dk w{zj th xos'I pkjo eo fdZsk iKdk j?, fi; ;zpzXhBk sK ;wki ns/ Bk jh ;oeko fe;/ o{gftZu nkgDh f}zw/tkoh ;wMdh j?.

gkDh dh w"i{dk ;fEshgkDh dh w"i{dk ;fEshgkDh dh w"i{dk ;fEshgkDh dh w"i{dk ;fEshgkDh dh w"i{dk ;fEsh

fiE/ fJ; tes d/F d/ 29 okiKftZu'I 11 ftZu ;'ek g? u[Zek j? ns/ 299f}bQ/ ;'e/ dh wko MZb oj/ jB, T[E/ftfrnkBhnK dhnK tko-tko fusktBhnKgzikp tk;hnK tb'I nDr"bhnK ehshnK ik



BhnK ftZu Gkos fJe wjkBy/sh gqXkB d/F j?. fJE/ nZi

th 60 gqfsFs b'e y/shpkVh bJh whIjT[s/ fBoGo eod/ jB ns/ pkeh 40gqfsFs y/sh BfjoK s/ fNT{pt?bK T[s/fBoGo j?. Gkos ftZu f;oc 4 gqfsFsgkDh w[jZJhnk j?, id fe fJE/ d[BhnK dhe[Zb nkpkdh d/ 18 gqfsFs b'e ofjzd/jB.

d{i/ gk;/ e?B/vk s/ nwohek ftZu 65gqfsFs gkDh w[jZJhnk j? go fJBQK d'jKd/FK dh nkpkdh Gkos dh nkpkdh (;tknop s'I f}nkdk) dk u"Ek fjZ;k th BjhIpDdh. Gkos d/ eJh fJbkfenK ftZuw'jb/Xko whIj g?Idk j?, fi; Bkb jVQ nkiKdk j? sK eJh fJbkfenK ftZu b'eK ~;'e/ dh wko MZbDh g?Idh j?.

Gkos ftZu 2014 #u 15 gqfsFs s/2015 ftZu 12 gqfsFs xZN whIj fgnk,id fe fJ; ;kb Gkos d/ 10 okiK d/252 f}bQ/ gkDh dh xkN ekoB ;'e/ dkfFeko j' rJ/. gkDh dh xkN ekoB\;bK T[iV rJhnK s/ ghD bJh gkDhjkf;b eoB tk;s/ b'eK ~ eJh-eJh whbd{o g?db ikDk g?Idk j?. jkbKfe e/Ido s/oki ;oekoK B/ ;'ek ghVs fJbkfenK ftZugkDh gj[zukT[D dh g{oh e'fFF ehsh gofJzB/ tZv/ ;zeN Bkb BfiZmDk e'Jh ;"ykezw BjhI.

n;b ftZu, 1947 s'I gfjbK GkosftZu 24 bZy sbkp ;B, fiBQK dk gkDh

b'e fBZih tos'I, gF{nK dhnK b'VK ns/fJE'I sZe fe y/sh bJh th fJ;s/wkb eod/;B go ftek; dh nzBQh d"V B/ fJBQKsbkpK ~ ysw eo fdZsk s/ jo irQkT[ùhnK fJwkosK yVQhnK j' rJhnK. fJ;soQK e[dosh ib-;'fwnK ~ brGr ysweo fdZsk frnk. n;b ftZu b'eK B/ ][djh nkgDk GftZy jB/Qo/ Gfonk pDfJnkj?.

;zB 2000-01 d/ ;ot/ w[spe fJBQKsbkpK dh frDsh f;oc ;kY/ gzi bZyofj rJh j?, fi; s'I ;gZFN j? fe fgSb/53 ;kbK ftZu n;hI 20 bZy sbkpK dkgkDh jh gh fbnk s/ T[BQK dk Bkw'-fBFkBfwNk fdZsk.

j?okBh dh rZb j? fe ekbkjKvh, s/bzrkBk, bks{o ns/ p[zd/byzv ftZu b'enZi gkDh dh p{zd-p{zd ~ so; oj/ jB,id fe fe;/ ;w/I fJE/ ;?IeV/ sbkp gkDhBkb BZe'-BZe Go/ j[zd/ ;B. fJBQK ib;'fwnK ~ w[V-;[oihs eoBk fJe w[Ffebezw sK }o{o j? go ;oeko ns/ ;wkidk co} pDdk j? fe fJ; ezw bJhBt/I f;foT[I :'iBktK pDkJhnK ikD.

gkDh d/ fJ; v{zx/ ;zeN dk ;G s'ItZX p[ok n;o d/F d/ nzBdksk, Gktfe;kB T[s/ g?Idk j?. ;w/I f;o whIj Bkg?D eoe/ \;b BjhI T[rdh s/ fBokFfe;kB ][de[Fh eo b?Id/ jB. eJh fe;kBeo}/ d/ p'M j/m dZp/ j'J/ jB ns/fBokFk ftZu nkgDh ihtB bhbk ysw

eod/ ik oj/ jB. Gkos ftZu ;G s'ItZvh sqk;dh fJj j? fe fijVk fe;kBfsZyh X[Zg ftZu ;ys fwjBs eoe/ d/F dknzB Gzvko Godk j?, T[; ~ jh ne;orofdF d/ d"o ftZu'I bzxDk g?Idk j?. ni/sZe Bk sK fe;kBK dhnK \;bK d/ phw/dk gqpzX ehsk frnk j? s/ Bk jh T[BQK ~wkbh ;zeN ftZu'I eZYD bJh e'Jh jK-gZyhedw u[Ze/ rJ/ jB.

Gkos ftZu gkDh dh xkN BjhI j?feT[Ife fJE/ ;kohnK tZvhnK BdhnK 12wjhB/ gkDh Bkb GohnK ofjzdhnK jB.i/ fJBQK BdhnK dk ckbs{ gkDh ;'ekghVs fJbkfenK iK gkDh dh xkN tkb/fJbkfenK ftZu w[jZJhnk eotk fdZsk ikt/sK Gkos ftZu gkDh d/ ;zeN dh ;wZf;nkT[s/ ekch jZd sZe ekp{ gkfJnk ik ;edkj?.

Gkos ftZu BdhnK ~ i'VB dk;[Mkn fpqfNF oki d"okB wdok; gq?}hv?I;hd/ w[Zy fJzihBhno ;o nkoEo eokB'B B/1919 ftZu fdZsk ;h. 1947 ftZu Gkosnzro/}K s'I nk}kd j' frnk s/ d/F d/gfjb/ gqXkBwzsoh itkjo bkb Bfjo{ d/;w/I 1960 ftZu Fqh e/Hn?b okU B/ rzrks/ ekt/oh BdhnK ~ i'VB dh sith} oZyh;h go fJ; ~ nwb ftZu BjhI fbnKdkfrnk. 1982 ftZu Fqhwsh fJzdok rKXh B/gkDh d/ ;zeN ~ d{o eoB bJh @B?FBbtkNo fvt?bgw?IN J/iz;h# dk rmB ehskgo fJ; ~ nwbh o{g d/D dh pikJ/ bzw/


BdhnK ~ i'VD Bkb jh fwb/rk @ib ;zeN# s'I S[NekokBdhnK ~ i'VD Bkb jh fwb/rk @ib ;zeN# s'I S[NekokBdhnK ~ i'VD Bkb jh fwb/rk @ib ;zeN# s'I S[NekokBdhnK ~ i'VD Bkb jh fwb/rk @ib ;zeN# s'I S[NekokBdhnK ~ i'VD Bkb jh fwb/rk @ib ;zeN# s'I S[Nekok

dopkoh bkbdopkoh bkbdopkoh bkbdopkoh bkbdopkoh bkb

d[d[d[d[d[


ftuko-tNKdo/ s'I pknd ysw eo fdZskfrnk.

fJ; s'I pknd 2002 ftZu Gkosdh ;[gohw e'oN B/ e/Ido ;oeko ~ fJj:'iBk bkr{ eoB bJh fejk s/ jdkfJsfdZsh ;h fe 2003 sZe ;oeko fJ;:'iBk dh o{g-o/yk fsnko eo bt/ s/2016 sZe fJ; ~ g{ok ehsk ikt/.BdhnK i'VB dh :'iBk dh nfjwhns ~;wMfdnK ;kpek gqXkB wzsoh Fqh nNbfpjkoh tkigkJh B/ w"i{dk o/b wzsoh;[o/F gqG{ dh gqXkBrh j/m fJe Nk;ec'o; pDkJh s/ fJ; :'iBk ~ g{ok eoBbJh 5 bZy 60 j}ko eo'V o[gJ/ youj'D dk nzdk}k bkfJnk frnk.

nk}kdh d/ 69 ;kbK pknd th d/FftZu BdhnK ~ i'VB dh bkj/tzd :'iBk~ nwbh ikwk BjhI gfjBkfJnk frnk.dZyDh Gkos ftZu e/ob, eoBkNe s/sfwbBkv{ ftZu fgSb/ eJh ;kbK s'I BfjohgkDh ~ b? e/ MrVk uZb fojk j?, sKgzikp, jfonkDk s/ fjwkub d/ rmB(tzv) s'I pknd ;sb[i-:[wBk fbze Bfjod/ MrV/ ekoB gzikp ~ fGnkBe ;fEshdk ;kjwDk eoBk fgnk. i/ ;w/I dhnK;oekoK ;wZf;nk d/ f;o u[ZedhnK jhfJ; dk jZb bZG b?IdhnK sK nZi fJjB"ps Bk nkT[Idh.

d{i/ d/FK tb'I nkgDhnK ijk}okBhdhnK ;wZf;nktK ~ d{o eoB bJh s/ j'ob'VK g{ohnK eoB bJh pj[s ekoroedw u[Ze/ rJ/. 1869 ftZu fw;o s'I193 feb'whNo bzwh Bfjo dk fBowkDehsk frnk, i' w?vhNq/ohnB ns/ o?v ;h ~nkg; ftZu fwbkT[Idh j?. fJ; Bkb7000 feb'whNo bzw/ ;w[zdoh o;s/ dh thpZus j'Jh.

d{i/ gk;/ ;?INob nwohek B/ 1914ftZu gBkwk Bfjo dk fBowkD ehsk, i'n?NbKfNe ;kro s/ g?;/fce ;kro ~fwbkT[Idh j?. d[BhnK d/ j'o eJh d/FK B/

gkDh dk ;zeN jZb eoB bJh jK-gZyh s/f;oiDkswe edw u[Ze/ jB. uhB B/ thpqjwg[Zso ftZu'I Bfjo eZY e/ nkgDh b'Vg{oh ehsh j?, sK bhphnk B/ eJh whb}whB d/ nzdo sZe Bfjo dk fBowkDehsk j?.

i/eo d{i/ d/F fJBQK tZvhnK :'iBktKdk fBowkD eo ;ed/ jB sK Gkos ib;zeN d{o eoB bJh BdhnK ~ nkg;ftZu feT[I BjhI i'V ;edk. fJ; Bkbwkb dh Y[nkJh th ;"yh j't/rh s/ gkDhdh feZbs th jw/Fk bJh d{o j' ikt/rh.gkDh d/ ;zeN s'I S[Nekok gkT[D bJh ;Gs'I gfjbK ;oeko ~ ;sQk d/ gkDh ~o'eD bJh tkNo jkot?;fNzr dk sohekngDkT[Dk gt/rk, b'V w[skpe BfjoK T[s/u?e v?wK dk fBowkD eoBk gt/rk sK feb'V g?D T[s/ fJbke/ d/ b'e gkDh dhtos'I eo ;eD. i/eo d/F ftZu gkDh dkgqpzX mhe eo fdZsk ikt/ sK bZyK J/eV}whB T[s/ \;bK dh f;zukJh ehsh ik;edh j?, fi; Bkb nBki dh g?dktkotX/rh s/ rohpK ~ fYZv Go e/ ykDkfwb/rk.

(b/ye ;kpek fvgNh ;gheo, gzikp j?)

ojhnK jB. d/F d/ 299 ;'e/ dh wkoMZb oj/ f}fbQnK s'I pknd gzikp d/ 6f}bQ/ th fJ; wko j/m nkT[D tkb/ jB,feT[Ife gzikp d/ 138 pbkeK ftZu'I 110pbkeK ftZu gkDh dk gZXo p/jZd so;:'rjkbs ftZu g[Zi u[Zek j? ns/ fJBQK ~vkoe }'B n?bkfBnk ik u[Zek j?. gzikpd/ e[ZM fjZf;nK d/ gkDh ~ e?I;o torhnKphwkohnK go';D dk d'Fh th n?bkfBnkik u[Zek j?. e[ZM f}fbQnK ftZu gkDh fJZedw v/Y whNo j/mK ubk frnk j?.bkgotkjh dhnK jZdK gko eo u[Ze/ gzikphfJ; e[dosh dks ~ nzBQ/tkj tjkn e/eh f;ZX eoBk ukj[zd/ jB, ;wM BjhI nkojh.

nko U f;;Nw okjhI popkdhnko U f;;Nw okjhI popkdhnko U f;;Nw okjhI popkdhnko U f;;Nw okjhI popkdhnko U f;;Nw okjhI popkdh

fJe gk;/ f;o\ 18 gqfsFs gkDh jh

ghD:'r ofj ikD dhnK ]poK jB, d{;o/

gk;/ ;k\ gkDh d/ gqpzX bJh xoK ftZu

brkJ/ nko U f;;NwK ftZu 60 s'I 70

gqfsFs gkDh o'}kBk nikJhI ik fojk j?,

id fe ;k\ eoB s'I pknd ckbs{ pu/

gkDh ~ pj[s ;ko/ ezwK bJh tofsnk ik

;edk j?. fe;/ th ;zihdk gfotko dk

fJj J/izvk BjhI fe fJ; gkDh dh tos'I

rZvhnK X'D iK c[Zb-p{fNnK bJh ehsh ik

;e/. ftfrnkBhnK w[skpe 100 bhNo

gkDh ftZu'I f;o\ 40 bhNo gkDh jh

fcbNo j'D s'I pknd ghD:'r pDdk j?

ns/ pkeh 60 bhNo T[IM jh SZgVK ns/

;hto/}K ftZu ubk iKdk j?. b'V j?

popkdh d/ okj gJ/ gzikp tk;hnK ~ M'B/

dh ekFs eo oj/ fe;kBK ~ e';D dh EK

nkg'-nkgDk r[Bkj eo oj// gzikphnK ~

fJ; tvw[Zbh dks dh ;zGkb bJh ikro{e

ehsk ik ;e/.

jo tor ikro{e j't/jo tor ikro{e j't/jo tor ikro{e j't/jo tor ikro{e j't/jo tor ikro{e j't/

gkDh dh ;zGkb bJh :sBFhb T[x/ftdtkB s/ tksktoB gq/whnK dk efjDkj? fe gzikp tk;hnK ~ fJ; tes ;zGbDdh tZvh b'V j? feT[Ife d/F dk fe;kBM'B/ d/ ;h}B d"okB f;o\ d' wjhB/ tZv/gZXo T[s/ gkDh tosdk j?, i' fe okFNohy[oke fwFB sfjs tZvh f}zw/tkoh j?, gofJj rZb ;'uD tkbh j? fe fizBK g{o/;h}B d"okB fe;kB e[Zb gzikp ftZu M'B/bJh gkDh tosdk j?, T[Bk gzikp d/ ;ko/FfjoK ftZu wjhB/ ftZu gkDh fpBk tiQkfBZih fjZsK bJh tos jh BjhI oj/ ;r'Ipopkd th eo oj/ jB. T[BQK fejk fee"V/ ;Zu ~ ;wMD dh b'V j? s/ gzikpdk gkDh ;zGkbD ftZu fe;kBK d/ Bkb-Bkb Ffjoh ns/ g/Iv{ b'e GkJhukoe s"os/ nkgDk :'rdkB gkT[D.

(b/ye ;[szso gZsoeko j?.)




ib ;zeN ns/ fJ; dhnK iVQKib ;zeN ns/ fJ; dhnK iVQKib ;zeN ns/ fJ; dhnK iVQKib ;zeN ns/ fJ; dhnK iVQKib ;zeN ns/ fJ; dhnK iVQK

;kX{ f;zx gBkr;kX{ f;zx gBkr;kX{ f;zx gBkr;kX{ f;zx gBkr;kX{ f;zx gBkr

ikp fe;/ ;w/I gziK dfonktK dhXosh fojk j?.. fJj ed/ fe;/

B/ ;'funk th BjhI j't/rk fe gzi dfonktKd/ gkDhnK Bkb BjkT[D tkbh ns/ fJBQKdk ed/ Bk w[ZeD tkbk fwZmk gkDh ghDtkbh Xosh ~ ed/ fJj fceo g? ikt/rkfe fJ; d/ g[ZsoK ~ ghD bJh gkDhfwb/rk iK BjhI. nZi s'I 40 ;kb gfjbKth i/ e'Jh fJj efjzdk fe nkT[D tkb/;w/I ftZu, s/ T[j th B/V GftZy ftZu jh,gzikp ~ ib ;zeN dk ;kjwDk eoBkgt/rk sK T[; ~ p/te{\ ;wfMnk iKdk;h. p}[orK s'I ;[fDnk eod/ ;h fe T[BQKs'I e'Jh ukbh e[ ;kb gfjbK y{jK d/ gkDh;[Ze rJ/ ;B. pknd tkb/ ;kbK ftZuuzrhnK pkoFK d/ f;ZN/ ti'I }whBd'} gkDhdk gZXo fco T[go nk frnk ;h. fJjT[j ;wK ;h id'I ni/ gzikp ftZu M'B/ dhekFs F[o{ BjhI ;h j'Jh. f;o\ nzfwqs;ons/ r[odk;g[o f}bQ/ ftZu g?Id/ e[M fJbke/ftZu fiE/ Bfjo dk gkDh bZrdk ;h,pk;wsh M'B/ dh E'VQh pj[s ekFs j[zdh;h. T[d'I sZe gzikp ftZu f;zikJh dk;kXB iK sK Bfjoh gkDh ;h s/ iK y{j;B. fNT{pt?b ni/ tZv/ gZXo T[s/ gquZfbsBjhI ;h j'J/. f;o\ T[BQK fgzvK ftZu fiE/fpibh gj[zu rJh ;h, NKthnK-NKthnKw'NoK bZrhnK ;B. 60ftnK d/ nZXftueko ik e/ gzi jko; gkto d/ fJziDKBkb uZbD tkb/ fNT{pt?b bZrD/ F[o{j'J/. }whBd'} gkDh ~ pkjo eZYDk ;"ykj' frnk. Bshi/ ti'I fdB'-fdB j'o tX/o/

gzgzgzgzgz oep/ T[s/ ;kb ftZu d' \;bK dh ekFsj'D bZr gJh. fco e[ZM ;kbK ftZu jh;kok oepk d' \;bK dh ekFs j/m nkfrnk. Bshi/ ti'I }whBd'} gkDh dhfBek;h do tX rJh ns/ gkDh dk gZXoj"bh-j"bh j/mK T[soB bZr fgnk. fJ;dh do J/Bh xZN ;h fe fe;/ dk fJ;tZb fXnkB th BjhI ;h frnk.

70ftnK d/ F[o{ ftZu gzikp ftZu M'B/B/ gqt/F ehsk. M'B/ s'I j'D tkbh nkwdBd{ihnK ;T[Dh dhnK \;bK Bow/, egkjns/ wZeh d/ w[ekpb/ pj[s f}nkdk ;h.fJ; eoe/ M'Bk pj[s ibd jh ;kT[Dh dh;G s'I tZX jowB fgnkoh \;b pDfrnk. M'B/ d/ nkw gquZfbs j'D Bkb jh

F[o{ j' frnk gkDh d/ gZXo dk pj[ss/}h Bkb j/mK ikDk. d' fszB uko c[ZNjo ;kb ns/ nZi fJj gzikp d/ tX/o/fjZ;/ ftZu brGr ;" c[ZN j/mK gj[zufrnk j?. fiE/ edh gkDh fyZuD bJh gzijko; gkto dh w'No ek\h j[zdh ;h nZigzdoK jko; gkto dh b'V g?Idh j?.

M'B/ dh \;b ~ tX/o/ gkDh dh b'Vg?Idh j?. f;ZN/ ti'I Xosh j/mb/ tX/o/ gkDhdh fBek;h }o{oh j' rJh. M'B/ dh ekFs}whBd'} gkDh d/ gZXo d/ j/mK ikD dkfJZe w[Zy ekoB pD rJh. M'B/ ftZuBdhBK ~ o'eD bJh fJ; ftZu gkDhbrksko yVQk oZyDk g?dk j?. gkDh }whBftZu Bk fo;/, fJ; eoe/ eZd{ ehsk iKdk


j?. Bshi/ ti'I fwZNh s'Jh iKdh j? ns/fwZNh d/ pkohe eDK dh w'Nh sfj }whBdh T[gobh ;sfj T[s/ izw iKdh j?. f;ZN/ti'I gkDh Xosh ftZu i}p BjhI j[zdk,f;o\ tkFg pD e/ T[vdk j?. Bshi/ ti'I}whBd'} gkDh d/ ohukoi j'D dh doxN iKdh j?. fJj toskok e/tb M'B/ dh\;b dh ekFs d"okB jh BjhI j[zdk ;r'IfJ; dk gqGkt ;kok ;kb brksko ikohofjzdk j?. fi; y/s ftZu M'Bk bkfJnkiKdk j? T[; ftZu id'I M'Bk Bk th bZr/j't/ T[d'I th gkDh d/ i}p j'D dh dopj[s xZN ofjzdh j?. Bshik fJj j[zdk j?fe M'B/ dh \;b s'I nZr/ fgZS/ j'D tkbhpo;ks dk gkDh th }whBd'} ib ]}kB/~ T[Bk ohukoi BjhI eodk fizBk fJ;\;b d/ tZvh gZXo T[s/ gqufbs j'D s'IgfjbK j[zdk ;h.

FkfJd fJj rZb nihp bZr/ gofNT{pt?bK d/ fpibh d/ fpb wk\ eoBkth nf;ZX/ s"o s/ }whBd'} gkDh d/ gZXoftZu froktN nkT[D dk ekoB j?. fJ;d/ f;ZN/ ti'I gkDh ~ ;zGb e/ tosD dhns/ xZN gkDh s'I tZX ezw b?D dhfe;kBK dh o[uh xN rJh j?. y{jK Bkbf;zikJh d/ }wkB/ ftZu fJZe J/eV ftZuuko ykbhnK gkJhnK iKdhnK ;B ns/y/s ~ nZm gfNnK ftZu tzfvnk iKdk ;h.jo gN/ d/ seohpB thj fenko/ j[zd/;B. fJ; soQK y/s S'N/-S/N/ fenkfonKftZu tzfvnk iKdk ;h. nfijk eoBk gkDhdh tX/o/ ;[:'r tos'I eoB ftZu ;jkJhj[zdk ;h. xZN gkDh Bkb tX/o/ oepkf;zfink ik ;edk ;h. nZi M'B/ dh \;bd"okB g{o/ J/eV dk fJZe jh fenkokpDkfJnk iKdk j?. d{ihnK \;bK bJh thy/s ~ fszB iK uko fenkfonK ftZu jhtzfvnk iKdk j?.. f;ZN/ ti'I xZN oep/ ~gkDh bkT[D ftZu tX/o/ ;wK brdk j?ns/ eJh r[Dk tZX gkDh dh fBek;h j[zdhj?. w'NoK d/ fpb w[nk\ j'D d/ f;ZN/

ti'I nZi d{ihnK \;bK dh ekFs bJh thM'B/ fizBk jh gkDh you j'D bZr fgnkj?.

ehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKdh tos' I th ib ;zeN bJhdh tos' I th ib ;zeN bJhdh tos' I th ib ;zeN bJhdh tos' I th ib ;zeN bJhdh tos' I th ib ;zeN bJhf}zw/tko j?. }whB ftZu i' rzv'J/f}zw/tko j?. }whB ftZu i' rzv'J/f}zw/tko j?. }whB ftZu i' rzv'J/f}zw/tko j?. }whB ftZu i' rzv'J/f}zw/tko j?. }whB ftZu i' rzv'J/j[zd/ jB T[j }whB ~ ;Zs-nZm c[ZNj[zd/ jB T[j }whB ~ ;Zs-nZm c[ZNj[zd/ jB T[j }whB ~ ;Zs-nZm c[ZNj[zd/ jB T[j }whB ~ ;Zs-nZm c[ZNj[zd/ jB T[j }whB ~ ;Zs-nZm c[ZNdh v{zxkJh sZe g'bk eo fdzd/dh v{zxkJh sZe g'bk eo fdzd/dh v{zxkJh sZe g'bk eo fdzd/dh v{zxkJh sZe g'bk eo fdzd/dh v{zxkJh sZe g'bk eo fdzd/jB. }whB d/ g'bk j'D BkbjB. }whB d/ g'bk j'D BkbjB. }whB d/ g'bk j'D BkbjB. }whB d/ g'bk j'D BkbjB. }whB d/ g'bk j'D Bkbpo;ksh gkDh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/po;ksh gkDh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/po;ksh gkDh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/po;ksh gkDh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/po;ksh gkDh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/gkDh d/ }whB ftZu w[V ou e/gkDh d/ }whB ftZu w[V ou e/gkDh d/ }whB ftZu w[V ou e/gkDh d/ }whB ftZu w[V ou e/gkDh d/ }whB ftZu w[V ou e/}whBd'} gkDh ~ ohukoi eoB}whBd'} gkDh ~ ohukoi eoB}whBd'} gkDh ~ ohukoi eoB}whBd'} gkDh ~ ohukoi eoB}whBd'} gkDh ~ ohukoi eoBdh o\sko pj[s tX iKdh j?.dh o\sko pj[s tX iKdh j?.dh o\sko pj[s tX iKdh j?.dh o\sko pj[s tX iKdh j?.dh o\sko pj[s tX iKdh j?.ehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKehNBkFe ns/ BdhBBkFe dtkJhnKfSVeD Bkb rzv'J/ wo iKd/ jBfSVeD Bkb rzv'J/ wo iKd/ jBfSVeD Bkb rzv'J/ wo iKd/ jBfSVeD Bkb rzv'J/ wo iKd/ jBfSVeD Bkb rzv'J/ wo iKd/ jBns/ T[BQK dh }whB ~ g'bk eoBns/ T[BQK dh }whB ~ g'bk eoBns/ T[BQK dh }whB ~ g'bk eoBns/ T[BQK dh }whB ~ g'bk eoBns/ T[BQK dh }whB ~ g'bk eoBdh bkGdkfJe fefonk s' I n;hIdh bkGdkfJe fefonk s' I n;hIdh bkGdkfJe fefonk s' I n;hIdh bkGdkfJe fefonk s' I n;hIdh bkGdkfJe fefonk s' I n;hItKM/ j' iKd/ jK. f;ZN/ ti'I po;kstKM/ j' iKd/ jK. f;ZN/ ti'I po;kstKM/ j' iKd/ jK. f;ZN/ ti'I po;kstKM/ j' iKd/ jK. f;ZN/ ti'I po;kstKM/ j' iKd/ jK. f;ZN/ ti'I po;ksd/ gkDh dh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/ gkDhd/ gkDh dh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/ gkDhd/ gkDh dh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/ gkDhd/ gkDh dh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/ gkDhd/ gkDh dh ns/ y/sK ~ bkJ/ gkDhdh w[V }whB ftZu tkg; ik e/dh w[V }whB ftZu tkg; ik e/dh w[V }whB ftZu tkg; ik e/dh w[V }whB ftZu tkg; ik e/dh w[V }whB ftZu tkg; ik e/}whBd'} ib Gzvko ~ ukoi eoB}whBd'} ib Gzvko ~ ukoi eoB}whBd'} ib Gzvko ~ ukoi eoB}whBd'} ib Gzvko ~ ukoi eoB}whBd'} ib Gzvko ~ ukoi eoBdh o\sko xN iKdh j?.dh o\sko xN iKdh j?.dh o\sko xN iKdh j?.dh o\sko xN iKdh j?.dh o\sko xN iKdh j?.

fgzvK d/ SZgVK dh ;kb do ;kb;\kJh Bk j'Dk th }whBd'} gkDh d/gZXo d/ Bht/I j'D dk fJZe ekoB j?.i/m d/ wjhB/ sZe gj[zufdnK id'I fJjSZgV brGr ;[Ze iKd/ ;B sK fJBQK dhuheDh fwZNh d/ vb/ g[ZN e/ fe;kB y/sKftZu gk b?Id/ ;B iK T[; Bkb nkgD/ ezXK

e'm/ fbZg b?Id/ ;B. fJ; soQK SZgV ;k\j' iKdk ;h. T[; d/ j/mK p?mh uheDhfwZNh dh sfj T[`m, iKdh ;h. f;ZN/ ti'Ipo;ks d/ fdBK ftZu T[BQK ftZu iwQK j'Dtkbk gkDh tX/o/ s/}h Bkb }whB ftZuou e/ }whBd'} gkDh d/ Gzvko ~ohukoi eodk ofjzdk ;h.

nZieZbQ xo-xo bZrhnK w'NoK eoe/xoK ftZu gkDh dh tos'I gfjbK Bkb'I fes/tZX j'D bZr gJh j?. xoK ftZu BjkT[DX'D bJh tofsnk ikD tkbk fJj gkDhBkbhnK okjhI SZgVK ftZu gj[zu iKdk j?.fJBQK ftZu gkDh dh brksko Go-g{oshj[zdh ofjD eoe/ fe;kBK ~ w"ek jh BjhIfwbdk fe T[j SZgVK j/m iwQK j'Jh fwZNheZY e/ T[BQK ~ ;k\ eo ;eD. j/mK p?mhuheDh fwZNh dh sfj ;kb do ;kb w'Nhj[zdh iKdh j? ns/ T[BQK d/ gkDh dk }whBftZu ouDk pzd eo fdzdh j?. fJ; Bkb}whBd'} ib Gzvko d/ w[V GoB dhfefonk ftZu th o[ektN g? ojh j?.

ib ;zeN d/ j'o th ekoB jB gofJj e[ZM ekoB gzikp ftZu tX oj/ ib;zeN bJh f}zw/tko ikgd/ jB. i/ fJBQKtZb s[ozs fXnkB Bk fdZsk frnk sK pj[sS/sh jfonk-Gfonk gzikp fJZe fdB wko{EbftZu pdb ikt/rk.

(b/ye ;kpek w[yh, nzro/}h ftGkr, wkskr[ioh ekbi, \fsjrVQ ;kfjp, gzikp jB)

uzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovouzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovouzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovouzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovouzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo

s/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIs/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIs/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIs/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIs/ p?Ie vok\N okjhI

ADG(i/c), Publications Division

d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ fJ; gs/ #s/ G/i' -d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ fJ; gs/ #s/ G/i' -d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ fJ; gs/ #s/ G/i' -d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ fJ; gs/ #s/ G/i' -d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ fJ; gs/ #s/ G/i' -

Business Manager

(Advertisement & Circulation )

Publications Division, Ministry of

Information and Broadcasting

Room No.48-53, Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O.

Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003

[email protected]

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nr;s 2016nr;s 2016nr;s 2016nr;s 2016nr;s 2016 LLLLL fJjfJjfJjfJjfJj ftF/FftF/FftF/FftF/FftF/F nzenzenzenzenze T{oik y/so T{oik y/so T{oik y/so T{oik y/so T{oik y/so T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rkT[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rkT[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rkT[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rkT[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk

d kd kd kd kd knrbk nzenrbk nzenrbk nzenrbk nzenrbk nze



gkDh dh ;zGkb ;w/I dh b'VgkDh dh ;zGkb ;w/I dh b'VgkDh dh ;zGkb ;w/I dh b'VgkDh dh ;zGkb ;w/I dh b'VgkDh dh ;zGkb ;w/I dh b'V

gq/w f;zx uzd{wkiokgq/w f;zx uzd{wkiokgq/w f;zx uzd{wkiokgq/w f;zx uzd{wkiokgq/w f;zx uzd{wkiok

i d/F d/ 300 s'I th tZX f}fbQnKf}fbQnK ftZu gJ/ ;'e/ dh wko

dk n;o d/F dh 25 gqfsFs s'I tZXnkpkdh MZb ojh j? i' rzGho fuzsk dkftFk j?. ;kv/ ;kjwD/ pj[s tZvh u[B"shj?. ;'e/ dk n;o f;o\ wB[Zyh nkpkdhT[s/ jh BjhI ;r'I gF{nK, gzShnK, f;jsns/ f;Zfynk ;/tktK T[s/ th g?Idk j?. ]k;s"o s/ y/sh T[s/ fJ; dk ;G s'I tZXn;o g?Idk j?, fi; T[s/ 70 gqfsFs b'efBoGo eod/ jB. fJZe ;oekoh fog'oNnB[;ko d/F nzdo 1863 fpbhnB feT{fpewhNo gkDh d/ ;o's jB. fJBQK ftZuXosh j/mbk ns/ pkfoFK ;w/s XoshT[gobk gkDh Fkwb j?. fJ; ftZu'I 1160feT{fpe whNo gkDh dh tos'I j' ;edhj?, go fJ; t/b/ e/tb 450 fpbhnBfeT{fpe whNo Xosh T[gobk ns/ 240fpbhnB feT{fpe whNo Xosh j/mbk gkDhjh tofsnk ik fojk j?. i/eo n;hI fJ;tos'I :'r ;ko/ gkDh ~ tosD dh ftXhfsnko eo bJhJ/ sK d/F dk ib ;zeNjZb j' ;edk j?. y/sh ;zeN ftZu cf;nkfe;kB pu ;edk j?. pkfoFK d/ 70gqfsFs n}kJhI ik oj/ gkDh ~ ;zGkbDbJh tZv/ gZXo T[s/ MhbK, sbkp, u?e v?w,b'n v?w, o/B tkNo jkot?;fNzr, tkNoohukofizr nkfd ;ehwK T[s/ nwb eoBkj't/rk.

pj[s ;ko/ pkjob/ d/FK ftZu @o/BtkNo ohukofizr g¯v# (whIj d/ gkDh ~Xosh ftZu fo;kT[D tkb/ S'N/ skbkp)

nZnZnZnZnZpDkJ/ fpBK xo pDkT[D dh nkfrnkBjhI fdZsh iKdh. ;kv/ d/F ftZu thnfijk j'Dk ukjhdk j?. ;kvk gjkVhy/soK dk j}koK feT{f;e gkDh jVQ okjhI\;bK yokp eoe/ oki;EkB ftZu ;{osrVQe'b Mhb pDk fdzdk j? ns/ ;/w BkbB[e;kB eodk j?. pj[s jh ;;sh ns/bkGekoh Bhsh j?, jo gqd/F, jo f}bQk,jo fgzv ns/ jo xo pkfoF d/ gkDh ~;zGkbD bJh nkgDk gqpzX eo/.

e/Ido ;oeko ~ ukjhdk j? fee/Ido ;oeko ~ ukjhdk j? fee/Ido ;oeko ~ ukjhdk j? fee/Ido ;oeko ~ ukjhdk j? fee/Ido ;oeko ~ ukjhdk j? fe

Bo/rk dk ;kok g?;k d' ;kbKBo/rk dk ;kok g?;k d' ;kbKBo/rk dk ;kok g?;k d' ;kbKBo/rk dk ;kok g?;k d' ;kbKBo/rk dk ;kok g?;k d' ;kbK

bJh gkDh ~ ;zGkbD T[s/ jhbJh gkDh ~ ;zGkbD T[s/ jhbJh gkDh ~ ;zGkbD T[s/ jhbJh gkDh ~ ;zGkbD T[s/ jhbJh gkDh ~ ;zGkbD T[s/ jh

bk fdZsk ikt/. Bo/rk okjhIbk fdZsk ikt/. Bo/rk okjhIbk fdZsk ikt/. Bo/rk okjhIbk fdZsk ikt/. Bo/rk okjhIbk fdZsk ikt/. Bo/rk okjhI

j'D tkb/ pkeh ezw d' ;kbKj'D tkb/ pkeh ezw d' ;kbKj'D tkb/ pkeh ezw d' ;kbKj'D tkb/ pkeh ezw d' ;kbKj'D tkb/ pkeh ezw d' ;kbK

bJh o'e fdZs/ ikD. fJ;/ soQKbJh o'e fdZs/ ikD. fJ;/ soQKbJh o'e fdZs/ ikD. fJ;/ soQKbJh o'e fdZs/ ikD. fJ;/ soQKbJh o'e fdZs/ ikD. fJ;/ soQK

jh jVQK s/ ;'e/ torhnK e[doshjh jVQK s/ ;'e/ torhnK e[doshjh jVQK s/ ;'e/ torhnK e[doshjh jVQK s/ ;'e/ torhnK e[doshjh jVQK s/ ;'e/ torhnK e[dosh

nk\sK bJh fdZs/ ikD tkb/nk\sK bJh fdZs/ ikD tkb/nk\sK bJh fdZs/ ikD tkb/nk\sK bJh fdZs/ ikD tkb/nk\sK bJh fdZs/ ikD tkb/

w[nkt}/ d/ g?;/ fJBQK ;wZf;nktKw[nkt}/ d/ g?;/ fJBQK ;wZf;nktKw[nkt}/ d/ g?;/ fJBQK ;wZf;nktKw[nkt}/ d/ g?;/ fJBQK ;wZf;nktKw[nkt}/ d/ g?;/ fJBQK ;wZf;nktK

d/ ;EkJh jZb bJh you/ ikD.d/ ;EkJh jZb bJh you/ ikD.d/ ;EkJh jZb bJh you/ ikD.d/ ;EkJh jZb bJh you/ ikD.d/ ;EkJh jZb bJh you/ ikD.

nfijk eoe/ jh d/F fJZe fGnzeonfijk eoe/ jh d/F fJZe fGnzeonfijk eoe/ jh d/F fJZe fGnzeonfijk eoe/ jh d/F fJZe fGnzeonfijk eoe/ jh d/F fJZe fGnzeo

;wZf;nk s'I fBiks gk ;edk;wZf;nk s'I fBiks gk ;edk;wZf;nk s'I fBiks gk ;edk;wZf;nk s'I fBiks gk ;edk;wZf;nk s'I fBiks gk ;edk

j?. fJj ;wZf;nk jZb j'Dj?. fJj ;wZf;nk jZb j'Dj?. fJj ;wZf;nk jZb j'Dj?. fJj ;wZf;nk jZb j'Dj?. fJj ;wZf;nk jZb j'D

Bkb nkofEe ftek; ftZu s/}hBkb nkofEe ftek; ftZu s/}hBkb nkofEe ftek; ftZu s/}hBkb nkofEe ftek; ftZu s/}hBkb nkofEe ftek; ftZu s/}h

nkt/rh ns/ ;zeN jZb j't/rk.nkt/rh ns/ ;zeN jZb j't/rk.nkt/rh ns/ ;zeN jZb j't/rk.nkt/rh ns/ ;zeN jZb j't/rk.nkt/rh ns/ ;zeN jZb j't/rk.

pkfoFK d/ gkDh ~ ;zGkbD s/ fJ;dh tos'I eoB bJh u?e v?w, MhbK iKsbkpK dh y[dkJh bJh tZy-tZy ;oekohwfjew/ ;jkJh j'D dh EK w[FfebK yVQhnKeod/ jB. y/sh, wkJhfBzr, izrbks ns/

f;zukJh wzsokfbnK ftZu skbw/b dh xkNj'D ekoB jo wfjewk nfVZe/ yVQ/ eodkj?. fJ; d/ jZb bJh B?FBb tkNow?B/iw?IN p'ov pDk e/ v?wK, MhbK, sbkpKdh y[dkJh, jZb eZYD nkfd d/ gqki?eNfJ; p'ov ~ ;¯g d/D/ ukjhd/ jB.

nZi gkDh dh fi; soQK p/ofjwh Bkbd[otos'I j' ojh j? T[; ~ o'eD bJh th;ys edw u[Ze/ ikD dh b'V j? sK fee[dos dh fJ; nBw'b dks dh popkdho'eh ik ;e/. y[ZbQh f;zikJh dh EK s[gekf;zikJh s/ \[nkok f;zikJh d/ ;kXB tosD/ukjhd/ jB sK fe gkDh dh fJZe-fJZe p{zdpukJh ik ;e/. fJj ;kXB sK jh tos/ik ;ed/ jB i/ ;oeko fJ; bJh tZX s'ItZX ;pf;vh d/t/, feT[Ife nkw fe;kBvfoZg dk wfjzrk f;;Nw BjhI brk ;edk.y/sh :{Bhto;NhnK ~ th xZN ;w/I s'I xZNgkDh Bkb gZeD tkbhnK \;bK dh y'ieoBh ukjhdh j? ns/ ;oeko ~ gfjbKjh w"i{d nfijhnK \;bK d/ wzvheoB d/Y[et/I gqpzX eoB/ ukjhd/ jB. i/ fe;kBK~ nfijhnK \;bK s'I uzrh ewkJh j't/rhsK jh T[j fJBQK \;bK ~ ngDkT[Dr/.

Gkt/I n;hI gkDh dh ;zGkb d/ gqpzXeoB ftZu pj[s gSV rJ/ jK ns/ pj[se[M r[nk u[Ze/ jK, go ni/ th pj[s e[MpukfJnk ik ;edk j?. gzikp tor/ okinzdo n;hI nkgDk Xosh j/mbk gkDhd/F dh G[Zywoh d{o eoB bJh f}nkdk s'I




y/shpkVh ftZu gkDh dh pZus fet/I j't/<y/shpkVh ftZu gkDh dh pZus fet/I j't/<y/shpkVh ftZu gkDh dh pZus fet/I j't/<y/shpkVh ftZu gkDh dh pZus fet/I j't/<y/shpkVh ftZu gkDh dh pZus fet/I j't/<

GrtkB dk;GrtkB dk;GrtkB dk;GrtkB dk;GrtkB dk;

sh fiD;K dhnK fBo:ks wzvhftZu ehwsK d/ wzd/ B/ fe;kBK

dh sFthF ftZu }pod;s fJ}kck ehskj?. wzd/ Bkb fBo:ks th xN rJh j?.d'-fszB ;kb gfjbK i' g{;k pk;wsh ghph-1121 fe;w gzikp dhnK wzvhnK ftZu4000-4500 o[gJ/ gqfs e[fJzNb fteh nZi2200-2300 o[gJ/ gqfs e[fJzNb fte ojhj? ns/ gZSwh J/Fhnk d/ d/FK ~ nZXhehws T[s/ 800 nwoheB vkbo gqfs NBfBo:ks ehsh ik ojh j?. ;zB 2013-14d/ w[ekpb/ fgSb/ ;kb (2014-15) ftZu49000 eo'V o[gJ/ y/sh fiD;K dh fBo:kss'I Gkos ~ nkwdB xZN j'Jh. M'B/ dh;oekoh yohd ehws ftZu th fJ; ;kbe/tb 60 o[gJ/ e[fJzNb dk tkXk ehskfrnk j? i' fpbe[b jh xZN s/ Bkek\h j?Gkt/I fJj ftFt ftZu eDe s/ M'B/ dhnKehwsK fvZrD ekoB j't/. eDe dh xZN'-xZN ;jkfJe ehws ftZu th ;oeko tb'Ie'Jh ftF/F tkX/ dh T[whd BjhI ehsh ikojh. fe;kBK ~ M'B/ d/ w[ekpb/ j'o e'JhfJzBk w[Bkck d/D tkbh \;b th BjhI bZGojh. T[j M'B/ dh T[sgkdesk tXk e/ jhy;kok g{ok eoB d/ fJZSe jB. Gkt/Iw";w ftGkr ns/ j'o ;zpzfXs J/iz;hnKtb'I fJ; ;kb uzrh w"B;{B ;w/I s'I gfjbKjh nkT[D dh GftZypkDh ehsh ik ojh j?,go fe;kB gzikp gqh}ot/FB nkc ;p;'nkfJb tkNo n?eN, 2008 EZb/ M'B/dh b[nkJh 10 i{B s'I gfjbK BjhI eo;ed/. fe;kB 10 i{B s'I b[nkJh F[o{

y/y/y/y/y/ eoBk ukj[zd/ jB go y/shpkVh ftGkrT[BQK ~ 15 i{B s'I pknd b[nkJh F[o{eoB bJh gq/fos eo fojk j? Gkt/I gBhohnKphiD dh nkfrnk 1 wJh s'I d/ fdZshrJh ;h. NoK;gbKfNzr ;w/I Bkowb fe;wKdh gBhoh dh T[wo 30 fdB dh j'Dhukjhdh j? - 35 fdB sZe dh th uZbiKdh j?. i/ gBhoh T[wo-o;hdk j' e/gZeV j' ikt/ sK T[sgkdesk gqGkts j[zdhj?. fe;kBK dh pj[ws MkV tX/o/ j'DekoB g{;k-44 fe;w bkT[D dk o[MkBoZydh j?. ;N/N n?tkovh ns/ g{;k s'IokFNo gZXo T[s/ ;BwkfBs nrKjtX{fe;kBK tb'I ehs/ rJ/ siofpnK d/ nkXkoT[s/ i/ g{;k-44 fe;w dh b[nkJh 10 i{B~ eo fdZsh ikt/ sK fJj 5 nes{po ~gZe e/ tZYD d/ :'r j' iKdh j? ns/ i/b[nkJh 16 i{B ~ ehsh ikt/ sK 20nes{po s'I pknd jh gZedh j?. nes{poftZu w";w mzYk j'D ekoB nfijk j[zdkj?. fco eNkJh t/b/ 10 i{B ~ bkJhrJh \;b ftZu Bwh 20 gqfsFs sZej[zdh j? ns/ 16 i{B ~ bkJh \;b ftZu24 gqfsFs. idfe ;oekoh jdkfJsKnB[;ko fJj Bwh fteoh t/b/ 19 gqfsFssZe j'Dh ukjhdh j?. w"B;{B ibdh nkT[Ddh GftZypkDh ~ w[Zy oyfdnK M'B/ dhb[nkJh nkw fe;kBK B/ 10 i{B s'I jh F[o{eo fdZsh feT[Ife nfijk eoB ftZu e'Jhek~Bh o[ektN BjhI ;h. nfijk eoB ftZugkDh dh ygs th e'Jh tX/o/ BjhI j't/rh.;r'I f;zikJhnK dh frDsh xN ikt/rh.

}whB EZb/ gkDh dk gZXo brkskoEZb/ ikD Bkb gkDh dh ygs ;zpzXh;oeko jh BjhI fe;kB th fuzss jB.go gzikp y/shpkVh :{Bhtof;Nh fJBQK ~M'B/ dk e'Jh w[Bkc/tzd pdb f;ckoF BjhIeo ;eh. Bshi/ ti'I brksko M'B/ dhekFs EZb/ oepk tXdk ik fojk j? i' ;zB2000-01 d/ 26H8 bZy j?eN/no d/w[ekpb/ fgSb/ ;kb tX e/ 29H6 bZyj?eN/no j' frnk. fgSb/ d' djkfenKdofwnkB ;oeko tb'I eo'VK o[gJ/ \;bhftfGzBsk bJh you ehs/ ik u[Ze/ jB gogqkgsh e[ZM th BjhI. \;bh ftfGzBsk bJhfJ; ;kb w[V wZeh dh ekFs EZb/ fgSb/;kb d/ 1H60 bZy j?eN/no d/ w[ekpb/ 2bZy j?eN/no oepk fbnkT[D dk fBFkBkoZfynk frnk j?. fe;kB fgSb/ ;kbK ftZuwZeh d/ wzd/ ns/ xkN/ s'I ni/ sZe skpBjhI nkJ/. fco wZeh dh gkDh dh b'V the'Jh xZN BjhI. wZeh T[sgkdeK nB[;kofJ; ~ bkfJnK gkDh dh pZus th BjhIj[zdh. gzikp ;oeko tb'I wZeh dh ekFsd/ fBFkB/ dh gqkgsh bJh wZeh d/ phiT[s/ 84 o[gJ/ gqfs feb' dh ;pf;vh d/ e/fonkfJs fdZsh ik ojh j?. fJ; s'IfJbktk fJ; \;b ftZu tos/ ikD tkb/BdhB BkFeK ns/ ehNBkFeK T[s/ 50gqfsFs dh ;pf;vh bkGekoK d/ ykfsnKftZu iwQK eotk e/ d/D dk T[gpzX ehskfrnk j?. gzikp y/shpkVh :{Bhtof;Nhtb'I feqFh ftfrnkB e/IdoK okjhI fe;kBK ~;'fJnkphB d/ gbkN bkT[D bJh th


wip{o ehsk ik fojk j?. fgSbh dfj;dhd/ nmt/I djke/ s'I gzikp y/shpkVh :{Bhtof;Nhtb'I ;'fJnkphB dh ekFs tXkT[D T[s/}'o d/Dk F[o{ j'fJnk ;h ns/ ni/ sZegqkgsh f;co j?. you dk nzdk}k BjhI.

gzikp ftZu 70 gqfsFs d/ brGrS'N/ fe;kB jB. fiBQK dk oepk 5 J/eviK fJ; s'I xZN j?. fJ; F/qDh d/ fe;kBK~ fNT{pt?bK d/ Bt/I eB?eFB th gqtkBehs/ ik oj/ jB. }whB EZb/ gkDh dh;fsj ftZu s/}h Bkb nk ojh froktN ~o'eD bJh }whB ~ b/}o eokj/ BkbgZXo eoBk ns/ }whB EZb/ gkJhg gkT[Dkpj[s }o{oh j?. fJ; Bkb gkDh dh ygsxN/rh ns/ T[sgkdesk tX/rh. ;oeko~ b/}o eokj/ yohdD bJh toswkBgq'rokw EZb/ tZv/-tZv/ tgkoh fe;kBK ns/;';kfJNhnK ~ ;pf;vh d/D dh pikJ/fJBQK S'N/ fe;kBK ~ nkgDh }whB eokj/Bkb gZXo eotkT[D ti'I fdZs/ ikD tkb/feokJ/ ftZu ;jkfJsk d/ e/ S'N fdZs/ ikDdh b'V j?. G{wh ns/ ib ftGkr tb'I}whB EZb/ gkJhg gkT[D bJh 60 gqfsFs;pf;vh d/D dk T[gpzX j?. fJ; dk bkGb'VhId/ :'r fe;kBK ~ BjhI gj[zu fojk.gq'rokw ~ :'iBkpZX eoe/ fJBQK fe;kBFq/DhnK d/ wkbeK dhnK }whBk EZb/ gkJhggk e/ f;zikJh bJh tos/ ik oj/ gkDh dhB[wkfJnK pZus ehsh ik ;edh j? ns/ew}'o Fq/DhnK d/ fe;kBK dh nkwdBftZu tkXk ehsk ik ;edk j?.

egkj-Bow/ dh ekFs EZb/ fgSb/;kb d/ 4H46 bZy j?eN/no oep/ ~ tXke/ 5 bZy j?eN/no eoB dk Nhuk oZfynkfrnk j?. fJ; dh gqkgsh dhnK ;zGktBktKpj[s xZN jB. fgSb/ ;kb fuZNh wZyh d/jwb/ ekoB fe;kBK ~ pj[s B[e;kBpodkFs eoBk fgnk. fJ; ;kb T[BQKftZu'I ekch fe;kB fiBQK dhnK }whBK M'BkiK pk;wsh T[rkT[D d/ :'r jB, egkj-Bow/ dh pikJ/ fJj \;bK bkT[D dh

:'iBk pDkJh p?m/ jB. pfmzvk f}bQ/ d/nrKjtX{ Bowk T[sgkdeK dk efjDk j?fe Bow/ dh EK M'B/ dh \;b tX/o/w[Bkck fdzdh j?. fJ; bJh fe;kB Bow/dh pikJ/ M'Bk iK pk;wsh dh ekFseoBr/. fi; T[gozs Bow/ dh ekFs EZb/oepk xN e/ fJZe ;oekoh nB[wkB nB[;ko3H5 bZy j?eN/no #s/ nk ikD dh ;zGktBkj? ns/ M'B/ dh ekFs EZb/ oepk tX e/30 bZy j?eN/no sZe gj[zu ikD dh nk;bkJh j'Jh j?. go Bow/ dh fpikJh sKe/tb 2H75 bZy j?eN/no oep/ T[s/ j'Jhj?. j[D ekFs brGr ysw jh j?.fpikJh dk ;wK bzx frnk j?. ekFsnXhB oepk tXD dh j'o ;zGktBk BjhI.

M'B/ dhnK |?o-gqwkDs fe;wK i'ghbh g{;k, 666 nkfd d/ BK EZb/ t/uhnKik ojhnK jB T[BQK dh fteoh pzd ehs/ikD dh b'V j?. E'VQ/ ;w/I ftZu gZeDtkbhnK fit/I gh ph-1509, g{;k-1592,g{;k-6 (1612), gh nko-126 nkfd fe;wKdh ekFs tXkJ/ ikD dh b'V j?. fJBQKdh ekFs EZb/ oepk tXkT[D Bkb gkDhdh ekch pZus j't/rh ns/ fe;kB wNo,nkb{nK iK fe;/ j'o ;p}h dh \;b bke/ nkgDh nkwdB tXk ;eDr/. fe;kBK~ ukjhdk j? fe T[j M'B/ d/ y/sK ftZubrksko gkDh yVQk Bk oZyD. gBhohbkT[D fgZS' d/ j\s/ sZe gkDh yVQk oZyD

dh b'V j?. T[; s'I pknd gkDh T[;t/b/ fdZsk ikt/ id'I y/s ftZu gkDh i}pj'J/ ~ d' fdB phs rJ/ j'D. dofwnkBhnKs/ Gkoh }whBK ftZu i' fJ; ftXh bJhY[ZethnK j'D fe;kBK ~ :'r fe;wK dkphi tos e/ f;ZXh fpikJh eo d/Dhukjhdh j?. f;ZXh fpikJh bJh gh nko-115 fe;w Y[ZethI j?. fJ; seBhe BkbfpikJh bJh BdhBK s/ :'r BdhB BkFetos e/ iK r'vhnK eo e/ ekp{ gkT[D dhb'V j?.

y/shpkVh ftGkr d/ vkfJo?eNo efjzd/jB fe \;bh ftfGzBsk ftZu ;cbskgqkgs eoB bJh M'B/ dhnK pdbthnK\;bK dh :'r Gkn s/ wzvheoB d/ gqpzXehs/ ikD dh b'V j?. fe;kBK ~ gkDh dhpZus bJh ftF/F s"o s/ fXnkB d/D dhb'V j?. fe;kBk ~ N'fGnK s/ pkfoF d/gkDh dh tos'I eo e/ }whB EZb/ gkDh d/gZXo ~ ohukoi okjhI fvZrD s'I pukT[Dkukjhdk j?. T[BQK ~ fNT{pt?bK dh id'Ib'V j't/ T[d'I jh tos'I eoBh ukjhdh j?.gqXkB wzsoh ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh B/ th jogkDh dh p{zd s'I tZX \;b b?D dhnKseBheK dk gq:'r ehs/ ikD ns/ tZy'-tZyftXhnK okjhI gkDh dh pZus eoB T[s/}'o fdZsk j?.

(b/ye :zr ckowo} n?;';hJ/FB gzikp, oZyVkd/ vkfJo?eNo jB)



gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?

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dos dhnK nBw'b dksK ftZu'IgkDh jh ;G s'I T[sw dks j?

fi; fpBK ihtB ;zGt jh BjhI j? feT[IfegkDh jh ihtB j?. wB[Zy dh T[sgsh thgkDh ftZu'I j'Jh j?. fJ; Xosh T[s/ id'I;G s'I gfjbK e'Jh ikBdko iht g?dkj'fJnk ;h sK T[j gkDh ftZu jh g?dkj'fJnk ;h. fJ; Xosh d/ ;[jZgD dk okith gkDh ftZu jh S[fgnk j'fJnk j?. gkDh~ ;G XowK ftZu pVk jh ;fseko fdZskj'fJnk j? s/ fJ; dh g{ik th ehsh iKdhj?. f;Zy Xow ftZu gkDh ~ fgsk torkdoik d/ e/ ;fsekfonk frnk j?. Fqh r[o{rqzE ;kfjp dk gfjbk ;b'e jh gkDh pko/j? L gtD[ r[o{ gkDh fgsk wksk Xofswjs[..

r[opkDh ftZu sK gkDh ~ pj[s jh;fseko s/ wjZssk fdZsh j'Jh j?. r[opkDhftZu gkDh dk nB/e tko f}eo nkT[Dkj?. fit/I L gfjbk gkDh fiT[ j? fis[jfonk ;G[ e'fJ.. gkDh wB[Zy dh ;G s'Iw[ZYbh s/ nfjw b'V j?. id'I gkDh ;kvhf}zdrh dk nfBZyVtK nzr pfDnk j'fJnkj? sK fJ; ~ gqd{fFs eoB dk wsbp;kc j? fe nkgD/ u"frod/ ~ spkj eoBks/ wB[Zy iksh dh j'Id bJh jh ]sok g?dkeoBk. w[Bkc/ dh j'V ftZu gkDh dh fJ;e[dosh dks ~ pVh p[oh soQK s/ s/}hBkb gqd{fFs ehsk ik fojk j?. gqd{fFsgkDh B/ wB[Zyh f;js bJh bkfJbk}phwkohnK dk pVk tZvk ;zeN yVQk eofdZsk j?. ftFt ib fdt; w"e/ gzikp d/

e[e[e[e[e[rzXb/ j' oj/ gkDh d/ e[dosh ;o'sK T[s/Mks wkohJ/ sK ;fEsh pVh rzGho B}onkT[Idh j?.

Xosh T[s/ gkDh d/ p/nzs }yho/

jB. fJ; Xosh T[s/ 73 gqfsFs ;w[zdo

tkbk gkDh j? go T[j ykok j'D ekoB

ghD :'r BjhI j?. rb/FhnoK d/ o{g ftZu

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okjhI ;kv/ e'b gj[zudk j? go fi; soQK

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oj/. Xosh j/mb/ gkDh ghD :'r sK j?

go fJj pj[sk ;wK BjhI ofjDk feT[Ife

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gk;/ s/}h Bkb uZb oj/ jB T[jh b'e

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bZr/ j'J/ jB. pj[s/ c?eNohnK tkb/ p'o

eoe/ d{fFs s/ }fjohb/ gkDh ~ Xosh

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gkDh f;ZXk jh Xosh j/m G/fink ik fojk

j? i' fe fJZe tZvk x'o ngokX j?.

gzikp dhnK ;kohnK vo/BK rzd/ BkfbnKd/ o{g ftZu tr ojhnK jB. b[fXnkDkdk p[ZYk Bkbk, ibzXo dh ekbh ;zfxnkdh vo/B ns/ fuZNh t/JhI, nzfwqs;o dhs[zr Ykp vo/B ;w/s j'o ;kohnK vo/BKjh gzikp d/ b'eK bJh ;okg pDhnKj'JhnK jB. fJBQK dk }fjohbk gkDhwkbt/ d/ Bkb-Bkb oki;EkB d/ T[BQKfJbkfenK ftZu th e?I;o c?bk ojhnK jB

fiE'I fJj bzxdhnK jB. phekB/o dke?I;o j;gskb woh}K Bkb Gfonk fgnkj?. fJ; j;gskb ftZu gzikp d/ b'etZvh frDsh ftZu jo ;kb dkyb j[zd/jB. d/F d/ dfonktK ~ fJZe ;kf}Fsfjs gbhs ehsk ik fojk j? fe e[dosdh fJ; nBw'b dks ~ gfjbK gbhsj'D d/t' s/ pknd ftZu b'eK ~ ;kcgkDh d/D d/ pjkB/ fJ; dk tgko eo'.e[dos dh dks ~ tgko pDkT[Dk b'eKd/ jZeK T[s/ fJZe vke/ tKr j?. gkDh ~tgkoe t;s{ pDkJ/ ikD Bkb fJ; dh;G s'I tZX wko rohp d/FK d/ b'eK ~ g?ojh j?. gkDh fJZe tgoe t;s{ pDikt/rk fJj ed/ fe;/ B/ ;'funk sZe BjhI;h. d/F d/ eJh tZv/ FfjoK ftZu okFNohs/ pj[-okFNoh ezgBhnK B/ gkDh d/ eko'pko~ nkgD/ jZEK ftZu b? fbnk j?. rzXb/gkDhnK dh ;wZf;nk fdB'-fdB rzGho j[zdhik ojh j?. fJ; ;wZf;nk d/ jZb bZGDdk fJjh t/bk j? fe nkyo fJj ;fEshpDh jh feT[I< s/ b'eK ~ feXo b?ikt/rh<

ftd/Fh ezgBhnK Gkos ~ gkDh dhfJZe tZvh wzvh ti'I d/y ojhnK jB. gkDhdh wkoehN T[s/ ftd/Fh ezgBhnK nkgDknfXeko oZyD bJh ;kok }'o brkT[DftZu i[NhnK j'JhnK jB. fJBQK ezgBhnKB/ fgSb/ ;kbK ftZu gkDh d/ eko'pko s'I15000 eo'V o[gJ/ dk eko'pko ehskdZf;nk iKdk j?. ftd/Fh ezgBhnK gkDh d/tgko okjhI b'eK d/ ]{B g;hB/ dh ewkJh


~ w[cs ftZu jh gh ikDrhnK. fJ; pko/;'uD dh xVh nk rJh j?. gkDh d/d{fFs j'D dk w[Zdk d/F dhnK okiBhsegkoNhnK T[; Yzr Bkb BjhI T[Gko ojhnKiK efj b't fe okiBhse gkoNhnK gqd{fFsj' oj/ gkDh ~ ni/ th rzGhosk Bkb BjhIb? ojhnK fi; Yzr Bkb b?Dk ukjhdkj?. ;kohnK okiBhse gkoNhnK ~ rzXb/j' oj/ gkDhnK dk w[Zdk nkgD/ J/izv/ ftZuoZyDk ukjhdk j?. gkoNhnK fJ; ~ nkgD/u'D wB'oE gZsoK ftZu Fkwb eoe/ fJ;~ bkr{ eoB dk tkndk d/D.

;oekoK dk fJj w[ZYbk co} j? feT[j nkgD/ d/F d/ b'eK ~ ghD tkbkgkDh sK F[ZX w[jZJhnk eotkT[D. rzXb/gkDhnK s'I gZeh fB}ks gkT[D bJh b'eKftZu u/sBk g?dk eoB ns/ T[BQK d/ fJ;tosko/ fto[ZX yVQ/ j'D dh b'V j?.

;[bskB g[o fty/ gftZso ekbh;[bskB g[o fty/ gftZso ekbh;[bskB g[o fty/ gftZso ekbh;[bskB g[o fty/ gftZso ekbh;[bskB g[o fty/ gftZso ekbht/JhI dh jZEhI ;ckJh eoe/ ;EkBet/JhI dh jZEhI ;ckJh eoe/ ;EkBet/JhI dh jZEhI ;ckJh eoe/ ;EkBet/JhI dh jZEhI ;ckJh eoe/ ;EkBet/JhI dh jZEhI ;ckJh eoe/ ;EkBeb'eK B/ d/F d/ ;kjwD/ fJZeb'eK B/ d/F d/ ;kjwD/ fJZeb'eK B/ d/F d/ ;kjwD/ fJZeb'eK B/ d/F d/ ;kjwD/ fJZeb'eK B/ d/F d/ ;kjwD/ fJZewkvb oZfynk j'fJnk j?. fJ;wkvb oZfynk j'fJnk j?. fJ;wkvb oZfynk j'fJnk j?. fJ;wkvb oZfynk j'fJnk j?. fJ;wkvb oZfynk j'fJnk j?. fJ;wkvb ~ ngDk e/ b'e nkgD/wkvb ~ ngDk e/ b'e nkgD/wkvb ~ ngDk e/ b'e nkgD/wkvb ~ ngDk e/ b'e nkgD/wkvb ~ ngDk e/ b'e nkgD/gkDhnK ~ pukT[D bJh e'JhgkDhnK ~ pukT[D bJh e'JhgkDhnK ~ pukT[D bJh e'JhgkDhnK ~ pukT[D bJh e'JhgkDhnK ~ pukT[D bJh e'Jh;oekoh wdd dh T[vhe ehs/;oekoh wdd dh T[vhe ehs/;oekoh wdd dh T[vhe ehs/;oekoh wdd dh T[vhe ehs/;oekoh wdd dh T[vhe ehs/fpBK nkg fjzws eoe/ th ekoifpBK nkg fjzws eoe/ th ekoifpBK nkg fjzws eoe/ th ekoifpBK nkg fjzws eoe/ th ekoifpBK nkg fjzws eoe/ th ekoiF[o{ eo ;ed/ jB. gkDhnK d/F[o{ eo ;ed/ jB. gkDhnK d/F[o{ eo ;ed/ jB. gkDhnK d/F[o{ eo ;ed/ jB. gkDhnK d/F[o{ eo ;ed/ jB. gkDhnK d/e[dosh ;kXBK ~ pukT[D bJhe[dosh ;kXBK ~ pukT[D bJhe[dosh ;kXBK ~ pukT[D bJhe[dosh ;kXBK ~ pukT[D bJhe[dosh ;kXBK ~ pukT[D bJh;G s'I gfjbK sK T[; ftZu g?;G s'I gfjbK sK T[; ftZu g?;G s'I gfjbK sK T[; ftZu g?;G s'I gfjbK sK T[; ftZu g?;G s'I gfjbK sK T[; ftZu g?oj/ rzd/ gkDh pzd ehs/ ikDoj/ rzd/ gkDh pzd ehs/ ikDoj/ rzd/ gkDh pzd ehs/ ikDoj/ rzd/ gkDh pzd ehs/ ikDoj/ rzd/ gkDh pzd ehs/ ikDfco nrbk edw g[ZfNnk ikt/.fco nrbk edw g[ZfNnk ikt/.fco nrbk edw g[ZfNnk ikt/.fco nrbk edw g[ZfNnk ikt/.fco nrbk edw g[ZfNnk ikt/.nkU nkgD/ gkDhnK ~ ;zGkbhJ/nkU nkgD/ gkDhnK ~ ;zGkbhJ/nkU nkgD/ gkDhnK ~ ;zGkbhJ/nkU nkgD/ gkDhnK ~ ;zGkbhJ/nkU nkgD/ gkDhnK ~ ;zGkbhJ/

feT[Ife gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?.feT[Ife gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?.feT[Ife gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?.feT[Ife gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?.feT[Ife gkDh j? sK gqkDh j?.

(b/ye uofus tksktoB gq/wh jB fiBQK B/;[bskBg[o b'Xh fty/ p/JhI Bdh ~ ;kc eoe/;z;ko bJh fJe fw;kb g/F ehsh)

f}nkdk nzB g?dk eoB d/ ukn j/mspkj eo u[Ze/ jK. j[D th ;'e/ dh;fEsh ;w/I vh}b fJziB ns/ iBo/Noubk e/ xZN pkfoFK d/ pkti{d tZX \;bg?dk eoe/ e/tb tkjtk yZND bJh nkgDkGftZy X[zdbk eo oj/ jK. j[D pj[s jhv{zx/ p'o eoB/ fe;kB d/ tZ; s'I pkjotkbh rZb j' rJh j?. pj[s ;ko/ fJbkfenKftZu Xosh j/mbk gkDh ykok fBeb nkT[DT[s/ p'o dk youk fe;kB bJh y[de[FheoB s'I fpBK e'Jh okj BjhI SZvdk. fJ;bJh fJ; rzGho u[B"sh Bkb BfiZmD bJhT[;ko{ ns/ ;EkJh jZb e/tb pkfoFK d/gkDh ~ ;zGkbD dk ns/ gkDh dh ;jhtos'I eoB dk jh pDdk j?. fJ; ~ f;o/ukVQB bJh e/tb ;oeko T[s/ jh N/eBjhI oZyDh ukjhdh ;r'I ;wki ~ thnkgDh ;'u ns/ fttjko pdbDk gt/rk.

e[dosh nk\s, jVQK ns/ ;'e/ d/yokp/ d/ w[nkt}/ bJh tos/ iKd/ wkgdzvth pdb/ ikD dh b'V j?. Gkt/I w'dh;oeko B/ j[D/-j[D/ w[nkt}k oew d[ZrDheo fdZsh j? ns/ 60 gqfsFs yokp/ dh EK33 gqfsFs yokp/ T[s/ th w[nkt}k d/DkwzB fbnk j?. w[nkt}k s?n eoB bJhpbke ~ fJekJh dh EK fgzv ~ fJekJhwzB fbnk j?. go fJe y/s ~ fJekJhwzBD dh b'V j?, feT[Ife jVQ iK rV/wkohdk B[e;kB sK eJh tkoh Bkb brd/y/sK ftZu th fJe' fizBk BjhI j[zdk. ;'e/dk w[nkt}k fwZED bJh Gkt/I \;b dhxZN phikJh xZN pkfoF s/ xZN g?dktko~ nkXko pDkfJnk frnk j?, go gzikptor/ gqd/F i' fe xZN pkfoF d/ pkti{dtZX vh}b, tZX fpibh tos e/ tZX you/eoe/ rzGho ;'e/ ;w/I th tZX \;b g?dkeo b?Id/ jB, T[BQK ~ th tkX{ you/ pdb/w[nkt}k d/D bJh w"i{dk wkgdzv pdb/ikD dh b'V j?.

(b/ye b'e ;Gk w?Ipo jB)

sohe/ tos'I ftZu Fkwb j?, e[dos tb'IpB;gsh gqDkbh ftZu gkDh i}p eoB s'ItZX gkDh eZYDk (pB;gsh |?o gkfJdkoh)ns/ d{;fonK d/ ;Kt/I fjZ;/ d/ ubd/



nkgD/ ikfJ} nfXekoK s'I tZX gkDh dhygs eoBk (;wkie |?o gkfJdkoh).

••••• gkDh dh ;zGkb j'Dh ukjhdh gkDh dh ;zGkb j'Dh ukjhdh gkDh dh ;zGkb j'Dh ukjhdh gkDh dh ;zGkb j'Dh ukjhdh gkDh dh ;zGkb j'Dh ukjhdhj? L j? L j? L j? L j? L jo fe;/ dh fJj f}zw/tkoh j? feT[j gkDh dh ;zGkb eo/ ns/ pB;gshftfrnkB ns/ mhe jZdK nzdo gkDh ~gkfJdkoh sohe/ tos'I ftZu fbnkt/.

••••• gkDh nkw j? gkDh nkw j? gkDh nkw j? gkDh nkw j? gkDh nkw j? L L L L L gkDh e'Jh wB[ZyhJhikd BjhI j?. fJ; ~ pzB e/ BjhIofynk ik ;edk ns/ fJ; dhnK e'JhjZdK BjhI jB. fJj e[dosh s"o s/ nkwj?. fJ; T[go fBZih ikfJdkd tKrwkbekBk jZe BjhI iwkfJnk ik ;edkns/ fJ; ~ fe;/ t;s{ tKr t/funk BjhIik ;edk.

••••• fe;/ ~ th gkDh yokp eoB fe;/ ~ th gkDh yokp eoB fe;/ ~ th gkDh yokp eoB fe;/ ~ th gkDh yokp eoB fe;/ ~ th gkDh yokp eoBdk nfXeko BjhI j? L dk nfXeko BjhI j? L dk nfXeko BjhI j? L dk nfXeko BjhI j? L dk nfXeko BjhI j? L fe;/ ~ th gkDhdh tkX{ tos'I, d[otos'I iK gkDh gqDkbh ~gqd{fFs eoB dk nfXeko BjhI j?. gqd{FBd/ gofwN gkfJdkoh ns/ ;jh tos'I d/n;{bK dh T[bzxDk eod/ jB.

••••• gkDh dk j'o e'Jh pdb BjhI gkDh dk j'o e'Jh pdb BjhI gkDh dk j'o e'Jh pdb BjhI gkDh dk j'o e'Jh pdb BjhI gkDh dk j'o e'Jh pdb BjhIj? L j? L j? L j? L j? L gkDh nkgD/ nKsfoe o{g ftZu d{;o/;o'sK ns/ t;s{nK s'I fGzB j?. fJ; ~fJe t;s{ d/ s"o s/ BjhI frfDnk ik;edk.

fJ; ftFt tksktoB fdt; d/ w"e/

;k~ fJ; rqfj d/ GftZy ns/ ;kv/ ihtB

pko/ ;gZFN u'D eoB dh b'V j? - eh

n;hI pB;gsh irs ns/ ;wkie jzrkwh

jkbsK ftZu j'o v{zx/ y[ZG e/ tZvhnK-

tZvhnK ekog'o/FBK d/ r[bkw pD ikDk

ukj[zd/ jK iK n;hI Xosh d/ gfotko d/

s"o s/ nk}kd ns/ ;zt/dBFhb w?IpoK

tKr fiT[Dk ukj[zd/ jK. ;z;koe T[sgsh

ftZu ;kvk Xow fi; T[go ubDk j? -

tk;{d/t eN[zpew.

(b/fyek ftfrnkB, seBkb'ih ns/ tksktoB

y'i ;z;EkB dh pkBh j?.)



Dh fe;/ th d/F bJh ;G s'IwjZstg{oB ;o'sK ftZu'I fJe j?.

f;zikJh, gF{ ukoB ns/ okiK d[nkok ;kc-;ckJh dhnK d{ihnK b'VK g{ohnK eoBbJh f}nkdkso gkDh dfonktK s'I gqkgsehsk iKdk j?. ;kohnK fdFktK ns/ Gkosd/ ;ko/ okiK ftZu trD tkb/ fJj dfonkiK sK fJe jh oki nzdo trd/ jB(F[o{nks s'I b? e/ nyho sZe fJe jh okinzdo) iK nzsookih dfonk jB (i' d' iKd' s'I tZX okiK dh jZd nzdo trd/ jB,fiBQK eoe/ eJh wkwfbnk ftZu okiKdofwnkB fttkd th g?dk j' iKd/ jB.fJE/ e/Idoh ;oeko dh G{fwek ns/ Fesh;kjwD/ nkT[Idh j?, wsbp fJBQK nzsookihdfonktK dk gqpzXB ns/ fJBQK Bkb ;zpzfXsfttkdK dk jZb eoBk.

;kv/ ;zftXkB ftZu th doi j?;kv/ ;zftXkB ftZu th doi j?;kv/ ;zftXkB ftZu th doi j?;kv/ ;zftXkB ftZu th doi j?;kv/ ;zftXkB ftZu th doi j?

fe e[dosh tksktoB, fi; ftZufe e[dosh tksktoB, fi; ftZufe e[dosh tksktoB, fi; ftZufe e[dosh tksktoB, fi; ftZufe e[dosh tksktoB, fi; ftZu

izrb, MhbK, dfonk ns/ izrbhizrb, MhbK, dfonk ns/ izrbhizrb, MhbK, dfonk ns/ izrbhizrb, MhbK, dfonk ns/ izrbhizrb, MhbK, dfonk ns/ izrbh

ihtB Fkwb j?, dh ;[oZfynkihtB Fkwb j?, dh ;[oZfynkihtB Fkwb j?, dh ;[oZfynkihtB Fkwb j?, dh ;[oZfynkihtB Fkwb j?, dh ;[oZfynk

ns/ ;[Xko eoBk ;kvk p[fBnkdhns/ ;[Xko eoBk ;kvk p[fBnkdhns/ ;[Xko eoBk ;kvk p[fBnkdhns/ ;[Xko eoBk ;kvk p[fBnkdhns/ ;[Xko eoBk ;kvk p[fBnkdh

co} j?. fJ; ftZu fiT[ Id/co} j?. fJ; ftZu fiT[ Id/co} j?. fJ; ftZu fiT[ Id/co} j?. fJ; ftZu fiT[ Id/co} j?. fJ; ftZu fiT[ Id/

iht-izs{nK gqfs dfJnk Gktiht-izs{nK gqfs dfJnk Gktiht-izs{nK gqfs dfJnk Gktiht-izs{nK gqfs dfJnk Gktiht-izs{nK gqfs dfJnk Gkt

oZyDk th Fkwb j?.oZyDk th Fkwb j?.oZyDk th Fkwb j?.oZyDk th Fkwb j?.oZyDk th Fkwb j?.

Gkos d/ ;zftXkB w[skpe fe;/ thoki ;oeko e'b ib ;o'sK pko/ ek~BpDkT[D d/ nfXeko j[zd/ jB. okiK dh;{uh d/ fJzdoki 17 nB[;ko oki dhnKftXkB FeshnK dk fJ;s/wkb eoB ;w/IfJj f]nkb oZfynk ikt/ fe fJ; dk d{;o/oki d/ fjZsK T[s/ wkVk n;o Bk gt/ ns/

eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<

MrV/ s'I pfunk ikt/. go, feT[Ife nzsookih

dfonktK ;zpzXh fB:w pDkT[D dhnK

FeshnK ;z;d e'b jB, gkDh T[s/ oki

;oeko dk nfXeko tofsnk ik ;edk j?

go fJj ;hwktK nXhB j'Dr/ i' ;z;d

tb'I bkJhnK ik ;edhnK jB. fJ; bJh

fJj efjDk mhe BjhI j't/rk fe gkDh

g{oB s"o s/ oki dk ftFk j?. ;r'I fJj

T[Bk jh e/Ido ;oeko dk ftFk j? fizBk

fe oki ;oeko dk feT[Ife ;ko/ wkwfbnK

ftZu ;otT[usk ;z;d dh j?. fJ; ~

fXnkB ftZu oZyfdnK gkDh, nzsookih gkDh

dh tzv ns/ ;zpzfXs MrfVnK d/ fBgNko/

bJh ;kv/ ;zftXkB ftZu eJh gqpzX jB.

gkDh Bkb ;zpzfXs ;zftXkB dk ek~Bh

YKuk oki ;{uh d/ fJzdoki 17, e/Idoh

;{uh d/ fJzdoki 56 ns/ ;zftXkB d/

nkoNheb 262 T[s/ nkXkos j?.

fJj fJ; gqeko jB L

(T) nZmt/I FfvT{b (oki ;{uh)(T) nZmt/I FfvT{b (oki ;{uh)(T) nZmt/I FfvT{b (oki ;{uh)(T) nZmt/I FfvT{b (oki ;{uh)(T) nZmt/I FfvT{b (oki ;{uh)dh ;{uh-2 dk fJzdoki 17 Ldh ;{uh-2 dk fJzdoki 17 Ldh ;{uh-2 dk fJzdoki 17 Ldh ;{uh-2 dk fJzdoki 17 Ldh ;{uh-2 dk fJzdoki 17 L Gkt/I fegkDh oki dk ftFk j?, fJ; eoe/ oki;{uh ftZu nkT[Idk j?, go fJj e/Ido ;{uhd/ fJzdoki 56 d/ gqktXkBK T[s/ nXkosj? fi; dh ftnkfynk fJ; gqeko j? L

(n) ;{uh-1 dk fJzdoki 56(n) ;{uh-1 dk fJzdoki 56(n) ;{uh-1 dk fJzdoki 56(n) ;{uh-1 dk fJzdoki 56(n) ;{uh-1 dk fJzdoki 56(e/Idoh ;{uh) L(e/Idoh ;{uh) L(e/Idoh ;{uh) L(e/Idoh ;{uh) L(e/Idoh ;{uh) L iBse fjs ftZu nzsookihdfonktK ns/ dfonkJh xkNhnK dk T[;jZd sZe fB:wB ns/ ftek; i' ;z;d tb'Iek~Bh s"o s/ e/Ido d/ fB:zsqD j/mn?bkfBnk frnk j?.

nkoNheb 248 (ek~B dhnKnkoNheb 248 (ek~B dhnKnkoNheb 248 (ek~B dhnKnkoNheb 248 (ek~B dhnKnkoNheb 248 (ek~B dhnKftF/F FeshnK)ftF/F FeshnK)ftF/F FeshnK)ftF/F FeshnK)ftF/F FeshnK) - ;z;d e'b T[BQK

w;fbnK pko/ th ek~B pDkT[D dkftF/F nfXeko j? i' ;wtosh ;{uh iKoki ;{uh ftZu Fkwb BjhI jB.

nkoNheb 254 LnkoNheb 254 LnkoNheb 254 LnkoNheb 254 LnkoNheb 254 L ;z;d ns/ okiK

dhnK ftXkB ;GktK d[nkok pDkJ/ ek~BK

ftZu n;wkBsktK - i/ oki ftXkB ;Gk

d[nkok pDkJ/ fe;/ ek~B dk e'Jh gqktXkB

;z;d d[nkok pDkJ/ ek~B d/ gqktXkB d/

gqfse{b j't/ fi; ~ bkr{ eoB bJh

;z;d ;woZE j?, iK ;wtosh ;{uh ftZu

fdZs/ wkwfbnk pko/ w"i{dk ek~B dk e'Jh

th gqktXkB, sK Xkok (2) d/ gqktXkBK

sfjs ;z;d tb'I pDkfJnk ek~B, Gkt/I fe

fJj nfij/ oki dh ftXkB ;Gk tb'I

pDkJ/ ek~B s'I gfjbK iK pknd ftzu

gk; ehsk frnk j't/, iK fi; soQK dk th

wkwbk j't/, sK w"i{dk ek~B wzBD:'r

j't/rk ns/ oki dh ftXkB ;Gk tb'I

pDkfJnk ek~B gqfse{bsk dh jZd sZe

oZd ;wfMnk ikt/rk.

(J) nkoNheb 262 -(J) nkoNheb 262 -(J) nkoNheb 262 -(J) nkoNheb 262 -(J) nkoNheb 262 -

(1) gkDh dh tos'I, tzv iK nzsookihdfonk iK dfonkJh xkNh d/ fe;/ thMrV/ ;zpzXh ;z;d ek~Bh s"o s/ c?;bkb?D d/ ;woZE j?.

(2) ;zftXkB ftZu doi Bk j'D d/pkti{d, ;z;d fJj c?;bk d/ ;edh j? feBk sK ;[gohw e'oN ns/ Bk jh e'Jh d{ihndkbs nfij/ fe;/ MrV/ iK fFekfJspko/ c?;bk b? ;ed/ jB fit/I fe Xkok(1) ftzu f}eo j?. e[ZM d{i/ nkoNhebKns/ fJzdokiK dk th fJ; w;b/ T[s/gqGkt g? ;edk j?.

gkDh ns/ ;zftXkBgkDh ns/ ;zftXkBgkDh ns/ ;zftXkBgkDh ns/ ;zftXkBgkDh ns/ ;zftXkB

gkgkgkgkgk


dfonkJh p'ov n?eN 1956 LdfonkJh p'ov n?eN 1956 LdfonkJh p'ov n?eN 1956 LdfonkJh p'ov n?eN 1956 LdfonkJh p'ov n?eN 1956 L1956 dk dfonkJh p'ov n?eN nzsookihdfonktK ns/ dfonkJh xkNhnK d/ fB:wBns/ ftek; bJh dfonkJh p'ov ;EkgseoB dh tekbs eodk j?. fe;/ oki;oeko iK T[IM th gqkgs p/Bsh T[s/,e/Ido ;oeko nfij/ wkwfbnK ftZu fdbu;ghoZyD tkbh ;oeko ~ ;bkj d/D bJhfJe p'ov dk rmB eo ;edh j? fi;dk ;zpzX nzsookih dfonk iK dfonkJhxkNh (iK e'Jh ]k; fjZ;/) d/ fB:wB ns/ftek; Bkb j't/, fit/I fe e/Ido ;oekotb'I nfX;{us ehsk frnk j't/.

tZy-tZy nzsookih dfonktK iKtZy-tZy nzsookih dfonktK iKtZy-tZy nzsookih dfonktK iKtZy-tZy nzsookih dfonktK iKtZy-tZy nzsookih dfonktK iK

dfonkJh xkNhnK bJh tZy-tZydfonkJh xkNhnK bJh tZy-tZydfonkJh xkNhnK bJh tZy-tZydfonkJh xkNhnK bJh tZy-tZydfonkJh xkNhnK bJh tZy-tZy

p'ov rmB ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.p'ov rmB ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.p'ov rmB ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.p'ov rmB ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.p'ov rmB ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.

p'ov ftZu Fkwb ftneshnKp'ov ftZu Fkwb ftneshnKp'ov ftZu Fkwb ftneshnKp'ov ftZu Fkwb ftneshnKp'ov ftZu Fkwb ftneshnK

e 'b f; z i kJ h , fJb ?eN q hebe 'b f; z i kJ h , fJb ?eN q hebe 'b f; z i kJ h , fJb ?eN q hebe 'b f; z i kJ h , fJb ?eN q hebe 'b f; z i kJ h , fJb ?eN q heb

fJziBhnfozr, jVQ o'eD, wkorfJziBhnfozr, jVQ o'eD, wkorfJziBhnfozr, jVQ o'eD, wkorfJziBhnfozr, jVQ o'eD, wkorfJziBhnfozr, jVQ o'eD, wkor

doFB, ib ;zGkb, fwZNh dhdoFB, ib ;zGkb, fwZNh dhdoFB, ib ;zGkb, fwZNh dhdoFB, ib ;zGkb, fwZNh dhdoFB, ib ;zGkb, fwZNh dh

;zGkb, gqpzXB iK ftZs d/ y/so;zGkb, gqpzXB iK ftZs d/ y/so;zGkb, gqpzXB iK ftZs d/ y/so;zGkb, gqpzXB iK ftZs d/ y/so;zGkb, gqpzXB iK ftZs d/ y/so

ftZu ftF/F ikDekoh ns/ siopkftZu ftF/F ikDekoh ns/ siopkftZu ftF/F ikDekoh ns/ siopkftZu ftF/F ikDekoh ns/ siopkftZu ftF/F ikDekoh ns/ siopk

j'Dk ukjhdk j?. p'ov dk ezwj'Dk ukjhdk j?. p'ov dk ezwj'Dk ukjhdk j?. p'ov dk ezwj'Dk ukjhdk j?. p'ov dk ezwj'Dk ukjhdk j?. p'ov dk ezw

;bkj gqdkB eoBk j? fi;;bkj gqdkB eoBk j? fi;;bkj gqdkB eoBk j? fi;;bkj gqdkB eoBk j? fi;;bkj gqdkB eoBk j? fi;

ftZu nzsookih dfonktK dhftZu nzsookih dfonktK dhftZu nzsookih dfonktK dhftZu nzsookih dfonktK dhftZu nzsookih dfonktK dh

;zGkb, f;zikJh s/ fBek; bJh;zGkb, f;zikJh s/ fBek; bJh;zGkb, f;zikJh s/ fBek; bJh;zGkb, f;zikJh s/ fBek; bJh;zGkb, f;zikJh s/ fBek; bJh

;ehwK, gD-fpibh T{oik dk;ehwK, gD-fpibh T{oik dk;ehwK, gD-fpibh T{oik dk;ehwK, gD-fpibh T{oik dk;ehwK, gD-fpibh T{oik dk

ftek;, jVQ o'e{ ;ehwK, wkorftek;, jVQ o'e{ ;ehwK, wkorftek;, jVQ o'e{ ;ehwK, wkorftek;, jVQ o'e{ ;ehwK, wkorftek;, jVQ o'e{ ;ehwK, wkor

doFB ~ T[sFkfjs eoBk,doFB ~ T[sFkfjs eoBk,doFB ~ T[sFkfjs eoBk,doFB ~ T[sFkfjs eoBk,doFB ~ T[sFkfjs eoBk,

fwZNh d/ eNkn T[s/ ekp{ gkT[DfwZNh d/ eNkn T[s/ ekp{ gkT[DfwZNh d/ eNkn T[s/ ekp{ gkT[DfwZNh d/ eNkn T[s/ ekp{ gkT[DfwZNh d/ eNkn T[s/ ekp{ gkT[D

ns/ gqd{FB ~ o'eDk nkfdns/ gqd{FB ~ o'eDk nkfdns/ gqd{FB ~ o'eDk nkfdns/ gqd{FB ~ o'eDk nkfdns/ gqd{FB ~ o'eDk nkfd

Fkwb jB.Fkwb jB.Fkwb jB.Fkwb jB.Fkwb jB.

nzsookih gkDh d/ MrfVnK pko/nzsookih gkDh d/ MrfVnK pko/nzsookih gkDh d/ MrfVnK pko/nzsookih gkDh d/ MrfVnK pko/nzsookih gkDh d/ MrfVnK pko/n?eN, 1956 Ln?eN, 1956 Ln?eN, 1956 Ln?eN, 1956 Ln?eN, 1956 L fJj n?eN g{o/ GkosftZu bkr{ j[zdk j?. fJ; n?eN nXhB i/fe;/ oki ;oeko dk fe;/ d{i/ oki dh;oeko Bkb gkDh ;zpzXh e'Jh MrVk j't/sK T[j e/Ido ;oeko ~ fJj MrVk c?;b/bJh fNqfpT{Bb e'b G/iD bJh p/Bsh eo

;edh j?. i/ e/Ido ;oeko ;wM/ fe fJjMrVk nkg;h rZbpks Bkb jZb BjhI j';edk sK T[j w;b/ ~ fNqfpT{Bb e'bG/i fdzdh j?. fNqfpT{Bb wkwb/ dh iKueoe/ nkgDk c?;bk fdzdk j? i' nyho #s/;kohnK fXoK ~ wzBDk j't/rk. fJE'I sZefe ;[gohw e'oN iK e'Jh d{ih ndkbsfJ; c?;b/ ftzu d]bnzdk}h BjhI eo;edh. e/Ido ;oeko fJe ;ehw pDke/, fNqfpT{Bb d/ c?;fbnK ~ bkr{ eoBbJh }o{oh wdd gqdkB eo ;edh j?.fJ; ;ehw nXhB c?;b/ ~ bkr{ eoBbJh fJe nEkfoNh dk rmB ehsk ik;edk j? (;?eFB 6 J/).

gkDh ;zpzXh fNqfpT{Bb LgkDh ;zpzXh fNqfpT{Bb LgkDh ;zpzXh fNqfpT{Bb LgkDh ;zpzXh fNqfpT{Bb LgkDh ;zpzXh fNqfpT{Bb L i/ gkDhdh tos'I tzv iK gkDhnK T[s/ nfXeko;zpzXh oki ;wM"s/ dhnK FosK ~ bkr{eoB ftZu n;cb ofjzd/ jB sK ;?eFB3 nXhB oki e/Ido ;oeko ~ gkDh ;zpzXhMrvk c?;b/ tk;s/ fNqfpT{Bb d/ jtkb/eoB dh p/Bsh eo ;edk j?. i/ e/Ido;oeko wfj;{; eo/ fe gkDh ;zpzXh MrVknkg;h rZbpks okjhI BjhI BfiZfmnk ik;edk sK e/Ido ;oeko nfijh p/Bshgqkgs j'D d/ ;w/I s'I, i' fJe ;kb s'I tZXBk j't/, d/ nzdo ;oekoh r}N ftZu;{uBk ikoh eoe/ gkDh ;zpzXh MrV/ dkfBgNkok eoB bJh fNqfpT{Bb dk rmBeo ;edh j?l pFos/ nzsookih gkDh d/MrV/ (;'X) n?eN, 2002 d/ bkr{ j'D s'IgfjbK fNqfpT{Bb d[nkok jZb ehs/ fe;/th wkwb/ ~ d[pkok BjhI y'fbQnk ikt/rk.

id'I ;?eFB 4 nXhB fNqfpT{Bb dk

rmB eo fdZsk iKdk j? sK e/Ido ;oeko

(;?eFB 8 ftZu fdZshnK wBkjhnK d/

w[skpe) gkDh d/ MrV/ dk wkwbk iKu

bJh fNqfpT{Bb ~ ;¯g d/t/rh i' fszB

;kb d/ nzso ;zpzfXs wkwb/ pko/ nkgD/

c?;b/ dh fog'oN e/Ido ;oeko ~ ;¯g

d/t/rk. j[D sZe pj[s ;ko/ wkwfbnK

ftZu fNqfpT{Bb dk rmB ehsk frnk j?

fit/I fe ekt/oh tkNo fv;fgT{N fNqfpT{Bb

(;h vpb:{ vh Nh), fd feqFBk tkNo

fv;fgT{N; fNqfpT{Bb (e/ vpb:{ vh Nh)

i' wjkokFNo, eoBkNe ns/ nKXo gqd/F

okiK tb'I dkyb ehs/ rJ/ ;BL wjkd/

th$wBv'th ns/ t;[zXok gkDh d/ MrV/, p/

Bsh r'nk ns/ UvhFk okiK s'I gqkgs j'Jh

;h fiE/ fe fNqfpT{Bb d/ rmB dk ezw

nkyoh gVkn ftZu j?l okth s/ fpnk;

gkDh fNqfpT{Bb (nko ph vpb:{ Nh)

fi; ftZu gzikp ns/ jfonkDk Fkwb jB,

;fsb[i :w[Bk fbze Bfjo (n?; tkJh

n?b) fi; ftzu okth fpnk; d/ gkDhnk

ftZu jfonkDk dk fjZ;k ns/ gzikp ftZu

;fsb[i :w[Bk fbze Bfjo dk w[ezwb Bk

j'Dk Fkwb j?.

gzukfJsh oki ek~B LgzukfJsh oki ek~B LgzukfJsh oki ek~B LgzukfJsh oki ek~B LgzukfJsh oki ek~B L ;?eFB 92nXhB gzukfJsh oki ek~B fgzv gzukfJsdk p[fBnkdh nfXeko j? i' T[; ~ Y[ZetK

ib gqpzXB, pokpo tzv, N?e; fJeZmk

eoB ns/ ib ;o'sK dh oZfynk :ehBh

pDkT[D bJh ib ;fwsh pDkT[D dk

nfXeko fdzdk j?.

;?eFB 99 w[skpe xo/b{ tos'I ns/

ikBtoK bJh Y[ZetK gkDh gqdkB eoBk,

fBek;h BkfbnK dh T[;koh s/ ;ckJh,

f;zikJh bJh tos/ ikD tkb/ y{jK s/ MhbK

dh T[;koh s/ ;ckJh, y{jK, MhbK, N'fGnK

nkfd ~ jNkT[D iK GoB dh f}zw/tkoh

fgzv gzukfJs dh j?.

;?eFB 110 nXhB gzukfJs e'b

fBek;h ib N'fGnK dh T[;koh ~ wB}{oh

d/D dk nfXeko j?.

;?eFB 200 sfjs gzukfJs ib

;zpzXh N?e; fJeZmk eo ;edh j?. gkJhg

okjhI gkDh dh g{osh eoB bJh gzukfJs

N?e; b? ;edh j?, xoK ns/ ikBtoK bJh

tos'I ~ SZv e/ gzukfJs nkgDh wkbehtkb/ y{jK ns/ N'fGnK d/ gkDh dh tos'IbJh N?e; T[rokj ;edh j?. qq


D tkb/ gkDh ns/ ;kc-;ckJhpko/ wzsokbk :[tk wkwfbnK ns/

y/vK pko/ wzsokbk, ib ;o's, dfonkJhftek; ns/ rzrk ~ w[V-;[Xko eoB pko/wzsokbk Bkb GkJhtkbh j/m T[sokyzv,T[so gqd/F, fpjko, Mkoyzv ns/ gZSwhpzrkb ~ ;jkfJsk ftZu brksko tkXkeo fojk j? sK fe rzrk feBko/ t;Dtkb/ ;ko/ fgzvK ~ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb fsnkreoB s'I w[es ehsk ik ;e/. rzrk dfonkfeBko/ 5169 fgzv ;fEs jB i' 1651rqkw gzukfJsK, 52 f}fbQnK ns/ 5 okiKftZu nkT[Id/ jB. fJj w[fjzw, i' ;tZSGkos fwFB, ;EkBe B"itkB B/sktK ns/Bwkwh rzrk gqki?eN dk ;KMk :sB j?, ~@;tZS :[r# dk Bkw fdZsk frnk j? fi;dk Fkpfde noE j?, @;tZSsk dk ;wK#.

Gkos ;ekT{N s/ rkJhv}, Bfjo{:[tk e/Ido ns/ okFNoh ;/tk ;ehw torhnKB"itkBK tkbhnK J/iz;hnK dh ;jkfJskBkb 52 f}fbQnK ftZu ;tZS Gkos fwFBsfjs fttjko w[yh spdhbh fbnkT[DbJh tZvh frDsh ftZu ;EkBe tbzNhnoKdhnK ;/tktK gqdkB ehshnK ik ojhnKjB. fJj gq'rokw :[tk wkwfbnK pko/wzsokbk ns/ Bfjo{ :[tk e/Ido ;zrmB d/skbw/b Bkb ubkfJnk ik fojk j?.

fJe B'vb nc;o dh jo/e f}bQ/ftZu fB:[esh ehsh rJh j? i' T[; f}bQ/~ y[ZbQ/ ftzu wb fsnkr eoB s'I w[eseoB ns/ fgzv gZXo T[s/ m'; ns/ sobeuok gqpzXB bJh @;tZSsk# T[s/ fXnkBe/Idfos eo/rk. fJj nc;o nkw ;kc;ckJh, ftnkge nzso-ftnesh fttjko

ftek; dk ]kekftek; dk ]kekftek; dk ]kekftek; dk ]kekftek; dk ]kek

ghghghghgh

;tZS :[r L rzrk feBko/ dhnK rqkw gzukfJsK ~ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb;tZS :[r L rzrk feBko/ dhnK rqkw gzukfJsK ~ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb;tZS :[r L rzrk feBko/ dhnK rqkw gzukfJsK ~ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb;tZS :[r L rzrk feBko/ dhnK rqkw gzukfJsK ~ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wb;tZS :[r L rzrk feBko/ dhnK rqkw gzukfJsK ~ y[ZbQ/ ftZu wbfsnkr eoB s'I w[es pDkfJnk ikt/rkfsnkr eoB s'I w[es pDkfJnk ikt/rkfsnkr eoB s'I w[es pDkfJnk ikt/rkfsnkr eoB s'I w[es pDkfJnk ikt/rkfsnkr eoB s'I w[es pDkfJnk ikt/rk

spdhbh bJh ;EkBe f;ybkJh d/D tkfbnK~ rzrk Bkb brd/ 5 okiK ftZu ;fEs;e{bK ftZu f;ybkJh th d/t/rk.

nfij/ gfjb/ tou{nb ebk;o{w dk

T[dxkNB 7 i{B 2016 ~ ehsk frnk.

fJ; nXhB fpjko d/ 12 f}fbQnK d/

jo/e ebk;o{w ftZu 5 o'}k f;ybkJh e?Ig

ftZu 50 B"itkB tbzNhnoK ~ f;ybkJh

fdZsh ikt/rh. fJBQK ;EkBK T[s/ f;ybkJh

d/D tkb/ w"i{d j'Dr/. fJj f;ybkJh

ebk; ftZu nkg;h ;ztkd ns/ fJbke/ dk

d"ok eoe/ fdZsh ikt/rh. B"itkB tbzNhno

;z;EktK tZvh gZXo T[s/ B"itkBK ~ fJ;

w[fjzw ftZu Fkwb eoe/ fJBQK f}fbQnK

ftZu fJ; w[fjzw ~ ;cb pDkT[D bJh

:'rdkB gkT[DrhnK.

n\rkB-Gkos fw Zsosk v?w -n\rkB-Gkos fw Zsosk v?w -n\rkB-Gkos fw Zsosk v?w -n\rkB-Gkos fw Zsosk v?w -n\rkB-Gkos fw Zsosk v?w -whb d/ gZEo tkbk p[fBnkdhwhb d/ gZEo tkbk p[fBnkdhwhb d/ gZEo tkbk p[fBnkdhwhb d/ gZEo tkbk p[fBnkdhwhb d/ gZEo tkbk p[fBnkdhYKuk gqki?eN dh F[o{nksYKuk gqki?eN dh F[o{nksYKuk gqki?eN dh F[o{nksYKuk gqki?eN dh F[o{nksYKuk gqki?eN dh F[o{nks

n\rkB-Gkos fwZsosk v?w (;bwkv?w) dk T[dxkNB 4 i{B 2016 ~ Gkosd/ gqXkB wzsoh Fqh Bo/Ido w'dh ns/n\rkfB;skB d/ okFNogsh vkH nFocrBh B/ gZSwh n\rkfB;skB d/ j/oksgqKs ftZu ;KM/ s"o s/ ehsk. n\rkB-Gkos fwZsosk v?w pj[wzsth gqki?eN j?fi; dh :'iBkpzdh 42 w?rktkN fpibhT[sgkdB, 75000 j?eN/no }whB dhf;zikJh, gkDh dh g{osh ns/ n\rkfB;skBd/ tk;hnK bJh d{i/ \fJfdnK tk;s/ ehshrJh ;h. ;bwk v?w Gkos ;oeko tb'IT[;kfonk fJe whb d/ gZEo tkbk p[fBnkdhYKu/ dk gqki?eN j? i' n\rkfB;skB d/

j/oks oki ftZu fuFsh Fohc dfonk T[s/pDkfJnk frnk j?. fJj gqki?eN vpb:{J/ gh ;h U n?; fbH tb'I T[;kfonk frnkj? i' Gkos ;oeko d/ ib ;o's, dfonkJhftek; ns/ rzrk ftZu ;[Xko eoB pko/wzsokbk dk fJe ftGkr j?.

fJj gqki?eN j/oks Ffjo s'I T[softZu 165 feb'whNo d{o j? ns/ eZuh;Ve Bkb i[fVnk j'fJnk j?. ;[oZfynkekoBK eoe/ gqki?eN ftZu Fkwb GkoshfJzihBhno s/ seBheh ekw/ n\rkfB;skB;oeko tb'I T[gbpX eotkJh j?bhekgNo;/tk okjhI wjhB/ ftZu fJe tko v?w tkbhEK T[s/ gj[zud/ oj/. ;kok ;k}'-;wkB s/;wZroh Gkos s'I ;w[zdoh o;s/ fJokB dhpzdo-J/-nZpk; pzdorkj sZe gj[zukJh iKdh;h ns/ T[E'I 1200 feb'whNo bzp/ ;Veho;s/ okjhI fJ; ~ fJokB-n\rkfB;skB;ojZd T[s/ ;fEs fJ;bkw febk Bkwe;EkB T[s/ gj[zukfJnk iKdk ;h. fco 300feb'whNo bzwk j'o ;Veh o;sk s?neoe/ fJ; ;k}'-;wkB ~ v?w tkbh EKsZe gj[zukfJnk iKdk ;h. ;hfwzN, ;Nhb,Xwkeky/} ;wZroh nkfd n\rkfB;skB d/r[nKYh d/FK s'I nk:ks ehsh iKdh ;h.fJ; v?w dh e[Zb ;woZEk 633 fwbhnBfeT{fpe whNo j?. fJ; v?w dh T[ukJh104H3 whNo, bzpkJh 540 whNo ns/ sbs/ u"VkJh 450 whNo j?. fJ; gqki?eNbJh g?;k Gkos ;oeko tb'I fdZsk frnk.fJ; gqki?eN dk ;cbsk Bkb f;o/ uVQBk1500 Gkosh s/ ncrkB fJzihBhnoK, ns/d{i/ g/F/to ekfwnK tb'I nfsnzs d[FtkojkbsK ftZu ezw eoB dk fJe ;p{s j?.


FNoh dfonkJh ;zGkb fBod/Fbk

(n?B nko ;h vh), i' tksktoB,

izrbks ns/ w";wh pdbkn pko/ wzsokbk

d/ nXhB j?, tb'I e/Ido d[nkok gqk:'fis

okFNoh dfonkJh ;zGkb :'iBk (n?B nko

;h gh) ns/ d/F ftZu dfonktK, MhbK

ns/ ibrkjK dh ;zGkb bJh ib-tksktoB

gqDkbhnK dh ;zGkb bJh ;ehwK T[s/

nwb ehsk ik fojk j?. dfonkJh ekoi

:'iBk dk T[d/F dfonktK ftZu gqd{fFs

;EkBK dh gSkD ehs/ rJ/ fJbkfenK ftZu

gqd{FB ysw eoB tkbhnK :'iBktK ~

bkr{ eoe/ dfonktK d/ gkDh dh r[DtZsk

ftZu ;[Xko eoBk j?. n?B gh ;h J/ dk

T[d/F ;EkJh ;zGkb :'iBktK ~ nwb

ftZu fbnk e/ ns/ fJe;wkB Bhshnk ns/

fdFk fBod/FK dh gkbDk eoe/ ib-

tksktoB gqDkbhnK (MhbK ns/ ibrkjK)

dh ;zGkb eoBk j?.

e/Ido tb'I gqk:'fis okFNoh dfonkJh;zGkb :'iBk (n?B nko ;h gh) e/Ido;oeko tb'I bkrs ;KMh eoB d/ nXkoT[s/ oki ;oekoK dh GkJhtkbh j/m nwbftZu fbnKdh ik ojh j?.

:[wBk n?eFB gbkB, i' Gkos d/dfonktK ~ ;kc eoB dk fJe ;G s'Infjw gq'rokw j?, 85L15 d/ bkrs nB[gksj/m e/Ido ;oeko ns/ oki ;oekoK tb'I;KM/ s"o s/ bkr{ ehsk ik fojk j?.:w[Bk dfonk ftZu'I gqd{FD dk ykswkeoB bJh oki ;oekoK dhnK e'fFFK ~j[bkok d/D bJh Gkos ;oeko tb'I :wBkn?eFB gbkB ikgkB nzsookFNoh ;fj:'rJ/iz;h (i/ nkJh ;h J/) dh gVkntkowkfJe ;jkfJsk ns/ d{i/ nzdo{Bh ;o'sKdh wdd Bkb F[o{ ehsh rJh. tkJh J/gh dk gfjbk gVkn, i' ngq?b 1993 ftZuT[so gqd/F, fdZbh ns/ jfonkDk d/ 21

:w[Bk n?eFB gbkB:w[Bk n?eFB gbkB:w[Bk n?eFB gbkB:w[Bk n?eFB gbkB:w[Bk n?eFB gbkB

FfjoK ftZu F[o{ ehsk frnk ;h, \otoh2003 ftZu w[ezwb j'fJnk fi; T[s/

703H10 eo'V o[gJ/ dh bkrs nkJh.

fJ; gVkn ftZu 38 ;hto/i ;'Xe gbKN

;Ekgs ehs/ rJ/ fiBQK dh ;'Xe ;woZEk

753H25 n?w n?b vh (fwbhnB fbNo

gqfs fdB) j?. fJ; ftZu 401H25 n?w

n?b vh T[so gqd/F, 322 n?w n?b vh

jfonkDk ns/ 30 n?w n?b vh ;woZEk

fdZbh ftZu ;Ekgs ehsh rJh. tkJh J/

gh dk d{ik gVkn 2003 ftZu i/ nkJh ;h

J/ dh ;jkfJsk Bkb jh F[o{ ehsk frnk.

fJ; gVkn ftZu fdZbh, jfonkDk ns/

T[so gqd/F nzdo 811H31 eo'V o[gJ/

you ehs/ rJ/ jB. 189 n?w n?b vh

;woZEk tkb/ Bt/I ;hto/i ;'Xe gbKN bkJ/

rJ/. fJ; ftZu'I 135 n?w n?b vh ;woZEk

tkb/ gbKN fdZbh ns/ 54 n?w n?b vh

tkb/ gbKN T[so gqd/F ftZu ;Ekgs ehs/

rJ/. fJ; gVkn nXhB fdZbh d/ w"i{dk

328 n?w n?b vh ;woZEk tkb/ ;'Xe

gbKNK ftZu ;[Xko th ehsk frnk.

e/Ido ;oeko tb'I fdZbh bJh 1656eo'V o[gJ/ dh bkrs tkb/ tkJh J/ gh d/shi/ gVkn ~ wB}{oh fdZsh rJh j? fi;bJh eo}k i/ nkJh ;h J/ e'b'I fbnkikt/rk. fJ; gqki?eN dh bkrs 85L15 d/

nB[gks ftZu Gkos ;oeko ns/ okFNohokiXkBh y/so fdZbh dh ;oeko tb'I ;KM/s"o s/ ;fjD ehsh ikt/rh. fJ; gqki?eNftZu Gkos ;oeko dh fjZ;/dkoh 1407H6eo'V o[gJ/ j't/rh id fe fdZbh ;oeko248H40 eo'V o[gJ/ you eo/rh. fdZbh;oeko i/ nkJh ;h J/ Bkb eo}k ;wM"s/T[s/ gfjbK jh d;sys eo u[Zeh j?.gqki?eN w[ezwb j'D dh fwnkd d;zpo2018 j?.

fJ; gqki?eN nXhB gq;skfts ezwj/mK fdZs/ ik oj/ jB L

(1) ;hto ;'Xe gbKNK dk g[Botk;$nkX[fBeheoB Uybk, e'Ivbh ns/ fomkbkd/ ;'X :soK dh e[Zb ;woZEk 814 n?wn?b vh eoBk.

(2) T[go'es n?; Nh gh s/ fszBr[DK ;'X ;j{bsK ;Ekgs eoBhnK.

(3) Uybk ftZu 136 n?w n?b vh;woZEk tkb/ g[okD/ n?; Nh gh dh EK T[s/BtK s/ nfs nkX[fBe n?; Nh gh ;EkgseoBk.

(4) e'Ivbh ns/ fomkbk d/ d' ibrqfjD y/soK ftZu BthnK ;hto bkJhBKftSkT[DhnK.

(5) iBse gj[zu dhnK ;orowhnK.q

okokokokok

;kb 32 nze 7 i[bkJh 2016 e[Zb gzB/ 64 - yojana.gov.inyojana.gov.in/Yojana Punjabi, July-16, for printing.pdf · 4:'iBk, i[bkJh, 2016 soZeh Gkos dh os, ;kb 2002-03 s'I 7H28 gqfsFs

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