KAREN DANIELSON HORNEY-FOREIGN PSYCHOLOGIST

KAREN DANIELSON HORNEY(foreign psychologist)

INTRODUCTION Born:

September 16, 1885BlankeneseHamburg, Germany

Died:December 4, 1952New York City, New York, United States

Karen Horney was a German psychoanalystbest-known for her theories of neurosis,feminine psychology, and self psychology.

Karen Horney was a pioneering theorist inpersonality, psychoanalysis, and "femininepsychology".

While Horney was a neo-Freudian, she alsochallenged many of Sigmund Freud's theoriesabout female psychology.

For example, Horney countered Freud'sassertion that women experience "penis envy"by suggesting that men feel "womb envy"because they are unable to bear children.

Horney devoted herself to school, believingthat, "If I couldn't be pretty, I decided Iwould be smart.“

She described her father as a strictdisciplinarian and was very close to her olderbrother, Berndt.When he distanced himselffrom her, Horney became depressed, aproblem she would deal with throughout herlife.

The death of her mother and then brother in 1911 and 1923 were extremely difficult for Horney.

In 1926, Horney left her husband and in 1930 moved to the United States with her three daughters, Brigitte, Marianne and Renate,

she became friends with other prominent intellectuals and developed her theories on psychology .

Karen Horney developed a theory of neurosis.Unlikeprevious theorists, Horney viewed these neuroses as asort of coping mechanism that is a large part ofnormal life. It is mild personality dis-order typefiedexcessive anxiety or indecision and a degree of socialinter-personal maladjustment.

She identified ten neuroses, including the need forpower, the need for affection, the need for socialprestige, and the need for independence.

FAMILY BACKGROUND

PARENTS:

Clotilde and Berndt Wackels Danielson

Spouse: Oscar Horney(m. 1909–1937)

Children:

Brigitte, Marianne and Renate

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

1906, Horney was able to enroll inAlbert LudwigsUniversity of Freiburg, Medical School, one of afew medical schools admitting women at that time.

She transferred from there to the University ofGottingen,

finally to the Humboldt University of Berlin in1909, where Horney elected to study theemerging field of psychoanalysis.

Horney graduated from the University of Berlin in1915.

ACHIEVEMENTS

She made significant contributions tohumanism, self-psychology, psychoanalysis, andfeminine psychology

She taught psychoanalysis at both the Berlinand New York Psychoanalytic Institute.

She worked in Psychoanalytic Institute as ananalyst and teacher in 1920.

She was a frequent lecturer at the New School forSocial Research and a teacher at the New YorkPsychoanalytic Institute

Karen's first American job was as the AssociateDirector of the Chicago Institute forPsychoanalysis, a position she held for two years

From 1915 to 1920 she engaged in clinical andoutpatient psychiatric work in connection withBerlin hospitals,

1920 she joined the teaching staff of the newlyfounded Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute.

1920 to 1932 she taught in Institute forPsychoanalysis in Berlin,

1934 She moved to New York City in to return toprivate practice and teach at the New School forSocial Research

In 1941, in collaboration with otherdissenters, she founded the AmericanInstitute for Psychoanalysis and served asdean until her death in 1952.

She also founded the American Journal ofPsychoanalysis. Shortly after, she beganteaching at the New York Medical College.

She developed a theory of neurosis based onher experiences as a psychotherapist

BOOKS BY KAREN HORNEY

The Neurotic Personality of our Time (1937) New Ways in Psychoanalysis (1939) Self-Analysis (1942) Our Inner Conflicts: A Constructive Theory

of Neurosis� (1945) Are You Considering Psychoanalysis? (1946) Neurosis and Human Growth (1950) The Collected Works of Karen Horney (1950) 1967 Feminine Psychology

CONTRIBUTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

Horney is widely regarded as the founder offeminine psychiatry, which focuses on thepsychiatric treatment of women, and feministpsychology, which studies the ways inwhich gender power imbalances affect bothmental health and the development ofpsychological theories.

She strongly advocated that differences betweenmen and women are manifest from differences inculture and socialization rather than biology.

CONCLUSSIONKaren Horney was a feminine psychologist and a Neo-

Freudian psychologist. she developed a theory ofneurosis based on her experiences as apsychotherapistKaren Horney was undoubtedly a great influence tonumerous self-psychologists, humanists, cognitivetherapists, psychoanalysts, feminists, andexistentialists. As a theorist, leader, teacher, andtherapist, Horney made numerous contributions thathave been highly significant in shaping and advancingpsychological thought.

She has Karen Horney Clinic is a research, training, andlow-cost treatment center. The institution was openedon May 6, 1955 in honor of the woman's importantachievements.

Prepared by:

cristina c. cranillo

Thank you very much to all sources you make my report possible!