Karen Bell: Environmental Justice in Cuba: The Use of Degrowth Policies for Sustainable Development

Environmental Justice in Cuba: The Use of Degrowth Policies for Sustainable

DevelopmentKaren Bell

School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol

EJ Origins and Development

What is Environmental Justice?

Contested concept. • ‘Distributive' justice – the equal distribution of

environmental ‘goods and bads’• ‘Procedural’ justice – meaningful participation

in environmental decision-making processes • ‘Substantive’ justice – a healthy living and

working environment

Causes of Environmental Injustice

• Discrimination? (Bullard, 1983; 1994; 2007; PinderHughes, 1996; Center, 1996).

• Market efficiency? (Been, 1994; Lambert and Boerner, 1997)

• Industrialisation? (Beck, 1992, 1995, 1999; Schnaiberg and Gould, 2000)

• Power inequalities? (Berry, 2003; Boyce, 2001; Pastor, 2001)

• Political economy of capitalism? (McClintock, 1995; Marable, 1983; Pellow, 2007)

Environmental Justice in Cuba?