Karachi Hypothesis

8/14/2019 Karachi Hypothesis

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HYPOTHESIS

OLDKARACHI WAS

BETTER THANNEW

KARACHI.


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KARACHI. PURPOSE OF THE

THESIS:

As far as the purpose of this

thesis concern, we stronglybelieve that as the time ispassing Karachi is going

towards its nastiest conditionrather than the betterment as

compare to the other megacities of the world.


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e n t on ey ermsInclude:

OLD KARACHI:

One of the cleanest cities of the world, the city of lights,city of natural seaport with natural beauty of sea with

Mangroves and towns nearby two rivers, city with uniqueculture as compare with his neighbor cities and villages,

city of peace, city with all living standards.

NEW KARACHI:

One of the Mega cities of the world, city of business, cityof industries, city of various cultures, city of differentlanguages, for some homeland and for some a best

earning place, biggest business and industrial zone ofcountry, huge buildings, beautiful underpasses and

flyover bridges.


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Literature Review

THE 1940's and ONWARDS

The two major events of the 1940's werethe second World War and the freedom

struggle for Indian Independence. In 1947,independence was finally granted to the

subcontinent and Pakistan came into beingas a new country made by the partition of

British India. Karachi was the most built upcity in Pakistan at the time. Pakistan's first

civil and military bureaucracy was housed inthe city and Karachi served as the capital city

of Pakistan until 1958 when a new capital


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Culture

Karachi is home to some of Pakistan'simportant cultural institutions. The Festival

is now a well-established feature of thecity life of Karachi that is awaited

anxiously and attended by more than 3000citizens of Karachi as well as people from

other cities.

The everyday lifestyle of Karachi differssubstantially from that of other Pakistani

towns. Therefore arrival of various nations,Karachi has lost its actual Culture, whichwas different from cultures of other parts


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EducationThe education in Karachi is divided into five levels:primary (grades one through five); middle (grades six

through eight); high (grades nine and ten, leading to theSecondary School Certificate); intermediate (grades

eleven and twelve, leading to a Higher Secondary SchoolCertificate); and university programs leading to graduate

and advanced degrees.

Karachi has both public and private educationalinstitutions from primary to university level. Most

educational institutions are gender based from primary touniversity level. In past, educational Institutions were few

but educational standard was very high, but now,Educational Institutions are in multi counting but it is very

difficult to find out educational standards.

Karachi was the first government school established in

Sindh. It was opened in October 1855. Karachi has wellknown educational institutes of international standards.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_schoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undergraduate_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-graduate_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-graduate_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undergraduate_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_schoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_education


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Transport

TheJinnah International Airport is located in Karachi. It is

the largest and busiest airport of the country. It handles10 million passengers a year. The airport also receives

the largest number of foreign airlines.

The largest shipping ports in Pakistan are the

Port of Karachi and the nearby Port Qasim. Theseseaports have modern facilities and not only handle tradefor Pakistan, but also serve as ports for Afghanistan and

the land-locked Central Asian countries.

Karachi is linked by rail to the rest of the country byPakistan Railways. The Karachi City Station and KarachiCantonment Station are the city's two major railway

stations. The railway system handles a large amount offreight to and from the Karachi port apart from providing

passenger services to people travelling up country.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinnah_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinnah_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Qasimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Qasimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Railwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Railwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Qasimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Qasimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinnah_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinnah_International_Airport


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Social Behaviors

Since different lingual nations arenow present in Karachi, political crisisand clashes have increased in last 30

Years Karachi is groomingeconomically but continuously losingits social behaviors, more than 45%

of Karachi population is there only for

earning and they dont considerKarachi as their living homelandtherefore criminal activities are

increasing too rapidly in modern ascompared to old Karachi.


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Natural Beauty

Cleanliness was better in old days as Karachi was awardedCleanest City of Asia in 1946. Purity of every essentialcommodity including air, water and eatables is going far

away from the hands of ordinary people in Karachi now it isdeveloping very fast and becoming a beautiful city but is

continuously losing its natural beauty also end of River Indus

is now being used for sewerage due to which Karachi islosing its greenery and local farming. Destruction ofMangroves is continuously depressing the beauty of

Seashore. Due to increase in trade via deep-sea port,Arabian Sea is now more polluted than that of Old Karachi.

Demand of Water is higher than the availability of water inKarachi due to high population. Today polluted and

unhygienic water is available in whole Karachi. Due toenvironmental and industrial pollution new viral diseases are

increasing and Health & Care department have not toomuch resources to cure them.


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Methodology &Questionnaire Design

METHODOLOGY OF THE THESIS

The hypothesis is tested old citizen of Karachi who hadknowledge about old Karachi. The hypothesis is tested on

the basis of a questionnaire targeting major factors (asdiscussed above) that may contribute to old citizen & newgeneration satisfaction level. The questionnaire consistsof 20 closed-ended questions to get accurate responses.

The responses of the citizen to each question aresummarized and presented in a tabulated form.

However, responses of the citizen were also observed and

analyzed to frame a realistic picture of their satisfaction


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SAMPLE SIZE:In order to test the hypothesis accurately, a

realistic and measurable sample size of 50respondents is taken and interviewed from the

following major areas.

CliftonKharadarKeamari

KorangiSaddar

Gulshan-e-IqbalGuru Mandir

Malir


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QUESTIONNAIRE1. Due to the arrival of various nations, OldKarachi has lost its actual Culture, which was

different from cultures of other parts of Sindh .

2. Do you believe that since different lingualnations are now present in Karachi, political

crisis and clashes have increased in last 30years.

3. Now Karachi is grooming economically butcontinuously

4. More than 45% of Karachi population is thereonly for earning and they dont consider

Karachi as their living homeland. losing its

social behaviors.


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End of River Indus is now being used for sewerage due to whichKarachi is losing its greenery and local farming.

Criminal activities are increasing too rapidly in modern ascompared to Old Karachi.

Cleanliness was better in old days as Karachi was awardedCleanest City of Asia in 1946.

Purity of every essential commodity including air, waterand eatables is going far away from the hands of ordinary

people in Karachi.

In past, educational Institutions were few but educationalstandard was very high, but now, Educational Institutions

are in multi counting but it is very difficult to find outeducational standards.

th b t f S h


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the beauty of Seashore.

Due to increase in trade via deep-sea port,Arabian Sea is now more polluted than that of Old

Karachi.

Lifestyle of old Karachi was very simple, decentand less expensive.

Now demand of Water is higher than theavailability of water in Karachi due to high

population.

Only Polluted and unhygienic water is available inwhole Karachi.

Population and traffic problems are increasing day


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Due to increase in traffic rate of Road accidentsare now escalating in Karachi.

With few technologies Strong and valuablebuildings were built, but now with high

technologies there is no reliability of newconstructions in Karachi.

Due to environmental and industrial pollutionnew viral diseases are increasing and Health &Care department have not too much resources

to cure them.

Building or Purchasing a new home is nowimpossible for poor and low class families living

in Karachi.


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Analysis

RESEARCH RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

Following tables have been designed for

each question in the questionnaire. Theresults that were found out are

summarized and tabulated along with an

in-depth analysis of each question afterreviewing the results and data obtained.


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OPTIONS RESPONSE PERCENTAGE

Strongly Agree 13 26%

Agree 30 60%

Strongly Disagree 2 4%

Disagree 5 10%

1. Due to the arrival of various nations, Old Karachi has lostits actual Culture, which was different from cultures ofother parts of Sindh

26%

60%

4%

10%

Strongly

AgreeAgree

Strongly

Diagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 26% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the Old Karachi has lost its actual

culture whereas, 60% of the respondents agreed, 4%of the respondents strongly disagree and 10% of the

respondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 86%of the respondents supported the statement.

However, the results also indicate that 14% of therespondents were not agreed of the fact.

This shows that, due to arrival of various nationsKarachi has lost his actual culture and now it become

a multi lingual and cultural city with no commonculture.

2 Do you believe that since different lingual nations are now present


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Agree 26 52%


Disagree 6 12%

2 Do you believe that since different lingual nations are now presentin Karachi, political crisis and clashes have increased in last 30years?

34%

52%

2%

12%

Strongly

AgreeAgree

Strongly

Diagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 34% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the political crises & crashes have

increased by different lingual nations whereas, 52% of therespondents agreed, 2% of the respondents stronglydisagree and 12% of the respondents disagree to this

fact. Thus, a total of 86% of the respondents supportedthe statement. However, the results also indicate that

14% of the respondents were not agreed of the fact.This shows that, almost all the population aware with the

political crises and crashes of Karachi in last 30 years.


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3 Now Karachi is grooming economically but continuouslylosing its social behaviors.



Agree 28 56%


Disagree 12 24%

18%

56%

2%

24%

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Strongly

Diagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 18% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to that Karachi is loosing its social

behaviors whereas, 56% of the respondents agreed, 2%of the respondents strongly disagree and 24% of therespondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 74% ofthe respondents supported the statement. However, theresults also indicate that 26% of the respondents were

not agreed as per statement.This shows that the social behaviors of people arechanging very rapidly as compare to its economical

growth.


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4 More than 45% of Karachi population is there onlyfor earning and they dont consider Karachi as their

living homeland.



Agree 28 56%


Disagree 3 6%

34%

56%

4%6%

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Strongly

Diagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 34% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to that 45% of Karachi population is

there only for earning whereas, 56% of the respondentsagreed, 4% of the respondents strongly disagree and

6% of the respondents disagree to this fact. Thus, atotal 90% of the respondents supported the statement.

However, the results also indicate that 10% of therespondents were not agreed of the fact.

This shows that a huge number of populations do notsincere with the care of Karachi.


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5 Now Karachi is developing very fast andbecoming a beautiful city but is continuously losing

its natural beauty.


Strongly Agree 4 8%

Agree 26 52%


Disagree 17 34%

8%

52%

6%

34%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 8% of the total respondents stronglyagree to that Karachi is continuously loosing its naturalbeauty whereas, 52% of the respondents agreed, 6% of

the respondents strongly disagree and 34% of therespondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 60% ofthe respondents supported the statement. However, theresults also indicate that 40% of the respondents were

not agreed of the fact.This shows that natural beauty of Karachi is dismissing by

the development of new structures.


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6 End of River Indus is now being used for seweragedue to which Karachi is losing its greenery and local

farming.OPTIONS RESPONSE PERCENTAGE


Agree 32 64%


Disagree 5 10%

20%

64%

6%

10%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 20% of the total respondents

strongly agree to Karachi losing its greenery and localfarming whereas, 64% of the respondents agreed, 6% of

the respondents strongly disagree and 10% of therespondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 84% ofthe respondents supported the statement. However, theresults also indicate that 16% of the respondents were

not agreed of the fact.This shows that


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7 Criminal activities are increasing too rapidly in modernas compared to Old Karachi.



Agree 28 56%


Disagree 12 24%

18%

56%

2%

24%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:


strongly agree to criminal activities are increasing toorapidly in modern Karachi whereas, 56% of the

respondents agreed, 2% of the respondents stronglydisagree and 24% of the respondents disagree to this

fact. Thus, a total of 74% of the respondents supportedthe statement. However, the results also indicate that26% of the respondents were not agreed of the fact.


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8 Cleanliness was better in old days as Karachi wasawarded Cleanest City of Asia in 1946.



Agree 23 46%


Disagree 11 22%

28%

46%

4%

22%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 28% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the cleanliness was better in old days

whereas, 46% of the respondents agreed, 4% of therespondents strongly disagree and 22% of the

respondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 74%of the respondents supported the statement. However,

the results also indicate that 26% of the respondentswere not agreed of the fact.


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9 Purity of every essential commodity including air, wateand eatables is going far away from the hands of ordinar

people in Karachi.



Agree 18 36%


Disagree 8 16%

46%

36%

2%

16%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 46% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the impurity of every essential




10 In past educational Institutions were few but


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10 In past, educational Institutions were few buteducational standard was very high, but now, EducationalInstitutions are in multi counting but it is very difficult to

find out educational standards.



Agree 23 46%


Disagree 7 14%

34%

46%

6%

14%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree

````


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ANALYSIS:


strongly agree to the educational standard was betterin past whereas, 46% of the respondents agreed, 6%of the respondents strongly disagree and 14% of the

respondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 80%

of the respondents supported the statement.However, the results also indicate that 20% of the

respondents were not agreed of the fact.


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11 Destruction of Mangroves is continuously depressingthe beauty of Seashore.



Agree 33 66%


Disagree 11 22%

12%

66%

0%

22%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 12% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the losing of beauty of seashore due

to destruction of Mangroves whereas, 66% of therespondents agreed, 0% of the respondents stronglydisagree and 22% of the respondents disagree to this



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12 Due to increase in trade via deep-sea port, ArabianSea is now more polluted than that of Old Karachi.



Agree 25 50%


Disagree 6 12%

38%

50%

0%12%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 38% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the Arabian Sea is now more polluted




13 Lifestyle of old Karachi was very simple, decent and


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13 Lifestyle of old Karachi was very simple, decent andless expensive.



Agree 22 44%


Disagree 1 2%

54%

44%

0%2%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 54% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the Old Karachis life style was better




14 Now demand of Water is higher than the availability


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14 Now demand of Water is higher than the availabilityof water in Karachi due to high population.



Agree 26 52%


Disagree 2 4%

42%

52%

2%4%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 42% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the available water is not fulfilling

the current requirement whereas, 52% of therespondents agreed, 2% of the respondents stronglydisagree and 4% of the respondents disagree to this

fact. Thus, a total of 94% of the respondents supported

the statement. However, the results also indicate that6% of the respondents were not agreed of the fact.

15 O l P ll t d d h i i t i il bl i


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15 Only Polluted and unhygienic water is available inwhole Karachi.



Agree 16 32%


Disagree 22 44%

16%

32%

8%

44%StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 16% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the availability of only Polluted and

unhygienic water in whole Karachi whereas, 32% of therespondents agreed, 8% of the respondents stronglydisagree and 44% of the respondents disagree to this

fact. Thus, a total of 48% of the respondents supported

the statement. However, the results also indicate that52% of the respondents were not agreed of the fact.


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16 Population and traffic problems are increasing day byday in Karachi.



Agree 15 30%


Disagree 1 2%

66%

30%

2%2%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:


strongly agree to the increase of traffic problemswhereas, 30% of the respondents agreed, 2% of the

respondents strongly disagree and 2% of therespondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 96%

of the respondents supported the statement. However,the results also indicate that 4% of the respondents

were not agreed of the fact.

17 D t i i t ffi t f R d id t


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17 Due to increase in traffic rate of Road accidents arenow escalating in Karachi.



Agree 26 52%


Disagree 8 16%

30%

52%

2%

16%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 30% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the escalating rate of road accidents


respondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 82%of the respondents supported the statement. However,the results also indicate that 18% of the respondents


18 With f t h l i St d l bl b ildi


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18With few technologies Strong and valuable buildings werebuilt, but now with high technologies there is no reliability of new

constructions in Karachi.



Agree 25 50%


Disagree 15 30%

16%

50%

4%

30%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:

This table shows that 16% of the total respondentsstrongly agree to the unreliability of new constructionswhereas, 50% of the respondents agreed, 4% of the

respondents strongly disagree and 30% of therespondents disagree to this fact. Thus, a total of 66%

of the respondents supported the statement. However,the results also indicate that 34% of the respondents


19 Due to environmental and industrial pollution new


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19 Due to environmental and industrial pollution newviral diseases are increasing and Health & Care

department have not too much resources to cure them.



Agree 29 58%


Disagree 7 14%

28%

58%

0%

14%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:


strongly agree to the need of resources to cure newlydeveloped viral diseases whereas, 58% of the

respondents agreed, 0% of the respondents stronglydisagree and 14% of the respondents disagree to this


20 Building or Purchasing a new home is now impossible


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20 Building or Purchasing a new home is now impossiblefor poor and low class families living in Karachi.



Agree 17 34%


Disagree 0 0%

64%

34%

2%0%

StronglyAgree

Agree

StronglyDiagree

Disagree


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ANALYSIS:


strongly agree to the impossibility of building orpurchasing of new home for poor and low class

families whereas, 34% of the respondents agreed, 2%of the respondents strongly disagree and 0% of the



CONCLUSION


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CONCLUSION

After thoroughly analyzing thefindings of my research, I would

conclude that my hypothesis, OldKarachi was better than new Karachi,

is strongly valid as overall 81% ofrespondents agreed to the points weraised. So if we want our Karachi as a

groomed and well cultured Mega Citywe have to follow the way of working,administration and caring as that of

Karachi Hypothesis

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