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豚の飼養衛生管理手引書

平成24年２月

家畜衛生対策推進協議会

23

24 2

①12-02-235.indd i12-02-235.indd i 2012/02/20 20:13:112012/02/20 20:13:11

②　白12-02-235.indd ii12-02-235.indd ii 2012/02/20 20:13:112012/02/20 20:13:11

1

1 12 63 MPC 11 4 20

24 1 24 2 38 3 46

51

1 51 2 61 3 69 4 80

87

③12-02-235.indd iii12-02-235.indd iii 2012/02/21 13:08:352012/02/21 13:08:35

④　白12-02-235.indd iv12-02-235.indd iv 2012/02/20 20:13:122012/02/20 20:13:12

1

A.

1

1.

DNA

－1－

12-02-235.indd 112-02-235.indd 1 2012/02/20 20:13:122012/02/20 20:13:12

2

1

1.

2

2

PCG ABPC AMPCCEZ CEXFOMSM KM GM AMKCP TPTC MINO DOXYEM CAMLCMERFX OFLX OBFXSDMXTMPCL PL

－2－

12-02-235.indd 212-02-235.indd 2 2012/02/20 20:13:122012/02/20 20:13:12

3

－3－

12-02-235.indd 312-02-235.indd 3 2012/02/20 20:13:122012/02/20 20:13:12

4

ST

－4－

12-02-235.indd 412-02-235.indd 4 2012/02/20 20:13:122012/02/20 20:13:12

－5－

12-02-235.indd 512-02-235.indd 5 2012/02/20 20:13:122012/02/20 20:13:12

6

MIC

－6－

12-02-235.indd 612-02-235.indd 6 2012/02/20 20:13:142012/02/20 20:13:14

7

PBP MRSA PBP2'

- ESBL

(efflux)(ribosomal protection)

14 15 16

DNA1

21

－7－

12-02-235.indd 712-02-235.indd 7 2012/02/20 20:13:142012/02/20 20:13:14

8

MIC

Precautionary principle:

1999 4 () 2006

2005 9

( 1)

16 9 30

( 2)“ ”

－8－

12-02-235.indd 812-02-235.indd 8 2012/02/20 20:13:142012/02/20 20:13:14

9

3 300

cross resistance

co-resistanceco-selection

C. jejuni C. coliC. ejuni C. coli

3 Enterococcus faecalis E. faecieumE. hirae MIC

E. faecalis E. faecieumE. hirae

TyphimuriumInfantis

Enteritidis Typhimurium Infantis

－9－

12-02-235.indd 912-02-235.indd 9 2012/02/20 20:13:142012/02/20 20:13:14

10

1

2

－10－

12-02-235.indd 1012-02-235.indd 10 2012/02/20 20:13:142012/02/20 20:13:14

11

MPC

WHO / FAO / OIE

[ 2 ]

OIE

EU

－11－

12-02-235.indd 1112-02-235.indd 11 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

12－12－

12-02-235.indd 1212-02-235.indd 12 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

13－13－

12-02-235.indd 1312-02-235.indd 13 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

14

OIE

OIE

PK/PD

PK/PD

PK/PD pharmacokinetics PKpharmacodynamics PD PK

PDPK/PD

－14－

12-02-235.indd 1412-02-235.indd 14 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

15

PK/PD T>MIC Time above MIC 24MIC

Cmax/MICCmax MIC

AUC/MIC AUC area under the curve MIC

T>MIC

AUC/MIC AUCCmax Cmax/MICAUC/MIC

MIC MPC Mutant prevention concentration

MIC10-6 10-8

(mutant) mutant mutantMIC

mutant MPCmutant 1010CFU/spot MIC

MPC MIC mutant (mutant selection window MSW) ( ) MPC MSW PK/PD

Cmax/MPC AUC/MPC Time above MPCMPC

MPC ( ) MPCCmax MSW

MPC Cmax MPC

MSW

－15－

12-02-235.indd 1512-02-235.indd 15 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

16

WHO/FAO/OIE

10

OIE

MPC

56 685~691 2003

48 437~444(2007) Vose D Acar J Anthony F et al Antimicrobial resistance:risk analysis methodology

for the potential impact on public health of antimicrobial resistant bacteria of animal origin Rev sci tech Off int Epiz 20 811-827 (2001)

25 23~32(2003) Anthony F Acar J Franklin A Gupta R et al Antimicrobial resistance responsible

and prudent use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine Rev sci tech Offint Epiz 20 829-839 (2001)

PK/PD (2006)

－16－

12-02-235.indd 1612-02-235.indd 16 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

17

Drlica K The mutant selection window and antimicrobial resistance J AntimicrobChemother 52 11-17(2003)

Tran JH Jacoby GA Mechanism o plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance PNAS 99 5638-5642 (2002)

15-22(2003)

10 Harada K Asai T Kojima A et al Contribution of multi-antimicrobial resistance to the population of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from apparently healthy pigs in Japan Microbiol Immunol 51

493-499(2007)

－17－

12-02-235.indd 1712-02-235.indd 17 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

Cmax

MIC

AUC (Area under the curve)

24 MIC

AUC MIC

Cmax MIC

PK/PD

MIC

AUC (Area under the curve)

MPC

MPC MSW

－18－

12-02-235.indd 1812-02-235.indd 18 2012/02/20 20:13:152012/02/20 20:13:15

MPC MIC

MIC

MPC

－19－

12-02-235.indd 1912-02-235.indd 19 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

21

AGP 10kg

25,00010,000

AGP

AGP

－20－

12-02-235.indd 2012-02-235.indd 20 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

22

BRD

BRD

39

87.52.4±0.8 41.9 6.3±4.5

－21－

12-02-235.indd 2112-02-235.indd 21 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

23

EU

30 50

DNA

4

－22－

12-02-235.indd 2212-02-235.indd 22 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

24

Aarestrup FM et al., Changes in the use of antimicrobials and the effects on productivity of

swine farms in Denmark. Am J Vet Res, 71(7), 726-733, 2010 Schaefer AL et al., The use of infrared thermography as an early indicator of bovine

respiratory disease complex in calves. Res Vet Sci, 83(3), 376-384, 2007 , 54 553 557, 2007.

Martinez M, et al., The 2010 AAVPT EAVPT ECVPT bioequivalence workshop. J Vet Pharmacol Therap, 34, 105–107, 2011.

H Allen et al., Antibiotic in swine fed promote gene exchange. Animal Pharm, Dec.9, p.8, 2011

A B

A)B)

－23－

12-02-235.indd 2312-02-235.indd 23 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

25

3

ETECETEC

ETEC

DHL 16 24ETEC

DHL

－24－

12-02-235.indd 2412-02-235.indd 24 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

26

2

3ETEC

5

7 14

ETEC

Clostridium perfringens

C.perfringensC. perfringens

3 5

ETEC

－25－

12-02-235.indd 2512-02-235.indd 25 2012/02/20 20:13:162012/02/20 20:13:16

27

PCR

6 17CEZ( ) CTF CL( ) GM() BCM( ) ABPC

AMPC OTC DOXYST

OBFX ERFX( ) NFLX

MARCL

CTF

3

C.perfringens

C. perfringens

C. perfringens

－26－

12-02-235.indd 2612-02-235.indd 26 2012/02/21 10:55:072012/02/21 10:55:07

28

C. perfringens

C. perfringens

2 3

Salmonella Typhimurium S. Derby

S. Typhimurium

S. Typhimurium

S. Typhimurium

S. TyphimuriumS. Typhimurium

－27－

12-02-235.indd 2712-02-235.indd 27 2012/02/21 10:55:072012/02/21 10:55:07

29

Lawsonia intracellularis

L. intracellularisL. intracellularis PCR

L. intracellularisPCR

L. intracellularis

L. intracellularis

L. intracellularis

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

－28－

12-02-235.indd 2812-02-235.indd 28 2012/02/21 10:55:072012/02/21 10:55:07

30

－29－

12-02-235.indd 2912-02-235.indd 29 2012/02/21 10:55:072012/02/21 10:55:07

3+2

2+S

+S

-R

－30－

12-02-235.indd 3012-02-235.indd 30 2012/02/20 20:13:172012/02/20 20:13:17

2

－31－

12-02-235.indd 3112-02-235.indd 31 2012/02/21 10:58:572012/02/21 10:58:57

3 5

3 3

－32－

12-02-235.indd 3212-02-235.indd 32 2012/02/21 11:01:202012/02/21 11:01:20

－33－

12-02-235.indd 3312-02-235.indd 33 2012/02/20 20:13:192012/02/20 20:13:19

C. Perfringens

S. Typhimurium

－34－

12-02-235.indd 3412-02-235.indd 34 2012/02/20 20:13:192012/02/20 20:13:19

－35－

12-02-235.indd 3512-02-235.indd 35 2012/02/20 20:13:192012/02/20 20:13:19

－36－

12-02-235.indd 3612-02-235.indd 36 2012/02/20 20:13:192012/02/20 20:13:19

－37－

12-02-235.indd 3712-02-235.indd 37 2012/02/20 20:13:202012/02/20 20:13:20

40

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

+1 +3

1 2 1

2 3

－38－

12-02-235.indd 3812-02-235.indd 38 2012/02/20 20:13:202012/02/20 20:13:20

41

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae 1,2,5

22

ST

Pasteurella multocida

－39－

12-02-235.indd 3912-02-235.indd 39 2012/02/20 20:13:202012/02/20 20:13:20

42

P.multocida

1ST

Bordetella bronchiseptica Pasteurella multocida

B. bronchiseptica P. multocida

－40－

12-02-235.indd 4012-02-235.indd 40 2012/02/20 20:13:202012/02/20 20:13:20

43

PRRS

PRRSPMWS

PRRS

－41－

12-02-235.indd 4112-02-235.indd 41 2012/02/20 20:13:212012/02/20 20:13:21

44

PMWS PRRS

30%

PCR

－42－

12-02-235.indd 4212-02-235.indd 42 2012/02/20 20:13:212012/02/20 20:13:21

45

1~21

2~3

PRDC

1 2

3

複雑化する呼吸器病

豚インフルエンザ萎縮性鼻炎

パスツレラ肺炎 胸膜肺炎

マイコプラズマ肺炎豚繁殖･呼吸器障害症候群

PRRS

－43－

12-02-235.indd 4312-02-235.indd 43 2012/02/20 20:13:212012/02/20 20:13:21

46

4

母子免疫ワクチンの重要ポイント

－44－

12-02-235.indd 4412-02-235.indd 44 2012/02/20 20:13:212012/02/20 20:13:21

47

豚の適温

－45－

12-02-235.indd 4512-02-235.indd 45 2012/02/20 20:13:232012/02/20 20:13:23

48

10

100

1 1

OFLX NFLX1

－46－

12-02-235.indd 4612-02-235.indd 46 2012/02/20 20:13:232012/02/20 20:13:23

49

0.5

0.5

ABPC

AMPC

ABPC

AMPC

CTRX

CTX

CTRX

CTX

KM

GM

KM

GM

NFLX

OFLX

NFLX

OFLX

CP

CL

EM

LCM

TC TC

ST ST ST ST

－47－

12-02-235.indd 4712-02-235.indd 47 2012/02/20 20:13:232012/02/20 20:13:23

50

1 2 0.5

60° 3 1

5

24mm

24mm 24mm

1 7 2

－48－

12-02-235.indd 4812-02-235.indd 48 2012/02/20 20:13:232012/02/20 20:13:23

51

37 24 3 S I R

6 8

100 1,000

100 1,000

－49－

12-02-235.indd 4912-02-235.indd 49 2012/02/20 20:13:232012/02/20 20:13:23

52

－50－

12-02-235.indd 5012-02-235.indd 50 2012/02/20 20:13:232012/02/20 20:13:23

-1

-1

1 2

3

－51－

12-02-235.indd 5112-02-235.indd 51 2012/02/21 11:06:432012/02/21 11:06:43

54

-2 3

3

-2

－52－

12-02-235.indd 5212-02-235.indd 52 2012/02/20 20:13:242012/02/20 20:13:24

55

+ + +

-3

4 63 5

2-4 5

3 25 11

-4

-5

－53－

12-02-235.indd 5312-02-235.indd 53 2012/02/20 20:13:242012/02/20 20:13:24

56

Kg

-6

-7

-7 9

-10-11

－54－

12-02-235.indd 5412-02-235.indd 54 2012/02/20 20:13:242012/02/20 20:13:24

－55－

12-02-235.indd 5512-02-235.indd 55 2012/02/22 9:57:442012/02/22 9:57:44

－56－

12-02-235.indd 5612-02-235.indd 56 2012/02/20 20:13:242012/02/20 20:13:24

57

-12 13

-5 6

2 PCV2

－57－

12-02-235.indd 5712-02-235.indd 57 2012/02/20 20:13:242012/02/20 20:13:24

1,600 2,000 2,400 2,800 3,200 3,600 10k 2,100

1,520 1,900 2,280 2,660 3,040 3,420 15k 1,918

1,440 1,800 2,160 2,520 2,880 3,240 20k 1,740

1,360 1,700 2,040 2,380 2,720 3,060 25k 1,696

1,280 1,600 1,920 2,240 2,560 2,880 30k 1,652

1,200 1,500 1,800 2,100 2,400 2,700 35k 1,609

1,120 1,400 1,680 1,960 2,240 2,520 40k 1,566

1,040 1,300 1,560 1,820 2,080 2,340 45k 1,524

960 1,200 1,440 1,680 1,920 2,160 50k 1,482

880 1,100 1,320 1,540 1,760 1,980 55k 1,441

800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 60k 1,400

720 900 1,080 1,260 1,440 1,620 65k 1,360

640 800 960 1,120 1,280 1,440 70k 1,320

560 700 840 980 1,120 1,260 75k 1,281

480 600 720 840 960 1,080 80k 1,242

400 500 600 700 800 900 85k 1,204

320 400 480 560 640 720 90k 1,166

240 300 360 420 480 540 95k 1,129

160 200 240 280 320 360 100 1,092

80 100 120 140 160 180 200 1,000

10k 2,100

15k 1,918

20k 1,740

25k 1,696

30k 1,652

35k 1,609

40k 1,566

45k 1,524

50k 1,482

55k 1,441

60k 1,400

65k 1,360

70k 1,320

75k 1,281

80k 1,242

85k 1,204

90k 1,166

95k 1,129

100 1,092

200 1,000

－58－

12-02-235.indd 5812-02-235.indd 58 2012/02/20 20:13:242012/02/20 20:13:24

－59－

12-02-235.indd 5912-02-235.indd 59 2012/02/20 20:13:252012/02/20 20:13:25

－60－

12-02-235.indd 6012-02-235.indd 60 2012/02/20 20:13:252012/02/20 20:13:25

64

2010

1

29 2010 8 27

2010

－61－

12-02-235.indd 6112-02-235.indd 61 2012/02/20 20:13:252012/02/20 20:13:25

65

2011 10

1 2

－62－

12-02-235.indd 6212-02-235.indd 62 2012/02/20 20:13:252012/02/20 20:13:25

66

( )

0

C.P.P

－63－

12-02-235.indd 6312-02-235.indd 63 2012/02/20 20:13:252012/02/20 20:13:25

67

3 6

3

15

2 3

1 3

－64－

12-02-235.indd 6412-02-235.indd 64 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

68

－65－

12-02-235.indd 6512-02-235.indd 65 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

－66－

12-02-235.indd 6612-02-235.indd 66 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

－67－

12-02-235.indd 6712-02-235.indd 67 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

－68－

12-02-235.indd 6812-02-235.indd 68 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

72

2010 JASV

21.3 6 21 2008 3( PCV2 )

1,000500 100

PCV2

PRRSPCV2

－69－

12-02-235.indd 6912-02-235.indd 69 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

73

( )

( ) 12

2 ( )2

LK

2 4

－70－

12-02-235.indd 7012-02-235.indd 70 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

74

18G×1(25mm)

－71－

12-02-235.indd 7112-02-235.indd 71 2012/02/20 20:13:262012/02/20 20:13:26

75

(PCR)

ELISA

－72－

12-02-235.indd 7212-02-235.indd 72 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

76

22

2

1 3 7

21

( 2)

3

1 2

1240 70

2 2PCV2

－73－

12-02-235.indd 7312-02-235.indd 73 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

77

－74－

12-02-235.indd 7412-02-235.indd 74 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

－75－

12-02-235.indd 7512-02-235.indd 75 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

－76－

12-02-235.indd 7612-02-235.indd 76 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

11.

0.8

1.0

0.6

02

0.4

1.00

5

0.42

4

0.05

1

0.0

0.2

01

23

45

7

－77－

12-02-235.indd 7712-02-235.indd 77 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

3030

12

－78－

12-02-235.indd 7812-02-235.indd 78 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

－79－

12-02-235.indd 7912-02-235.indd 79 2012/02/20 20:13:272012/02/20 20:13:27

83

Monitoring

-

-

PRRS PCR

－80－

12-02-235.indd 8012-02-235.indd 80 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

84－81－

12-02-235.indd 8112-02-235.indd 81 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

85－82－

12-02-235.indd 8212-02-235.indd 82 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

86－83－

12-02-235.indd 8312-02-235.indd 83 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

87

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160

PRRS-P

PCV2

APP-E

PRRS-E

MPS-E

© Ooi

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

%

INDEX

6145

2008-2010

－84－

12-02-235.indd 8412-02-235.indd 84 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

－85－

12-02-235.indd 8512-02-235.indd 85 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

－86－

12-02-235.indd 8612-02-235.indd 86 2012/02/20 20:13:282012/02/20 20:13:28

90

　　　　　　（８８白　ラスト）

－87－

12-02-235.indd 8712-02-235.indd 87 2012/02/20 20:13:292012/02/20 20:13:29