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Jump Start:Make sure the following are in your
notebook.Maps, mercantilism outline, Columbian Exchange outline, Slave Trade notes,
Jamestown Essay and Document A or E
Sketch and complete the table in your notebook.
Political Economical Social Religious
List reasons for European Exploration and Colonization
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JamestownThe First Successful English
Colony
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Jamestown Begins• After Raleigh’s failure with Roanoke,
individual people stopped funding colonies
• Joint stock companies started– a business in which investors combine their
money in order to make a profit• London Company (founded Jamestown)• Plymouth Company (Plymouth…duh…)
• Once a joint stock company got a charter, they could establish a colony– a written contract from a government that
gave the companies permission to create a colony
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Jamestown- 1607• First permanent English
settlement with more than 100 colonists
• Began with problem– Bad location- swampy– Disease- malaria- carrying
mosquitoes– Spent more time mining for
gold than building a settlement or planting crops
• Climate– Summer- hot and humid– Winter- bitter cold
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Jamestown- 1608• Only 38 of the original 100
were still alive• John Smith takes over in
January– Made physical improvements
• built a protective wall around the colony
– Got colonists working• “He that will not work shall not eat.”
– Improved relations with Powhatan Indians
• Got them to trade corn with the settlers
– Injured in an explosion and had to leave in 1609
– That same year about 500 more settlers arrived
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• Growing tensions with Indians– Indians stopped trading
food– Increased attacks on the
settlers• Colonists afraid to leave fort
• Starving Time– Colonists ate rats, mice,
snakes– Only 60 survived in 1610– The next spring they were
saved again• Supply ships brought food,
more settlers, and soldiers• a new governor who imposed
more discipline
Jamestown- 1609-1610
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• John Rolfe arrives with a crop that will make Jamestown rich– a high grade version
of tobacco– tobacco became a
cash crop• a crop grown in order to
be sold for money instead of personal use (food, clothes, shelter, etc.)
• Became widespread and popular
Jamestown- 1611-1612
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Jamestown Booms• Colony became more of a business than a colony
– Colonists seen as employees– Colonists wanted their share of the profit
• Virginia Company eventually let settlers own land– This caused them to work even harder on harvesting tobacco
• First African American slaves came• Population more than tripled in 2 years• More workers were needed but not many people could
afford the passage• Indentured servitude was also a way to increase the
amount of workers – a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to
America– after they paid the money back they were free to own their own
land
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First Representative Government
• Representative Government- a government where voters elect people to make the laws
• Colonists started to get annoyed at how much control the governor had
• They were placed under VERY strict laws– They were still being treated like employees
• The Virginia Company decided that representatives called burgesses would meet once a year to give the colonists more representation
• House of Burgesses- first representative government in the American colonies